31 25 00 - Erosion And Sedimentation Controls.pdf

31 25 00 - EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROLS

Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 31 25 00 - 1 007297.0444

SECTION 31 25 00 - EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROLS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. Purpose: The purpose of this Erosion and Sedimentation Controls is to provide the Contractor with general guidelines as well as specific techniques for minimizing erosion and sedimentation and stormwater pollution during and after construction of the project.

B. Related Sections:

1. Section 01 41 26 – Permit Requirements.

2. Section 03 10 00 - Concrete Forming and Accessories.

3. Section 03 20 00 - Concrete Reinforcing.

4. Section 03 30 00 - Cast-In-Place Concrete.

5. Section 31 23 16 - Excavation.

6. Section 31 23 23 - Fill.

7. Section 32 13 13 - Concrete Paving.

8. Section 32 92 19 – Seeding.

1.2 REFERENCES

A. Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Soil and Water Conservation:

1. Erosion and Sediment Control Program Manual.

B. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials:

1. AASHTO T88 - Standard Specification for Particle Size Analysis of Soils.

2. AASHTO T180 - Standard Specification for Moisture-Density Relations of Soils

Using a 4.54-kg (10-lb) Rammer and a 457-mm (18-in.) Drop.

C. American Concrete Institute:

1. ACI 301 - Specifications for Structural Concrete.

D. ASTM International:

1. ASTM C127 - Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific

Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate.

2. ASTM D698 - Standard Test Method for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of

Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-lbf/ft3 (600 kN-m/m3).

3. ASTM D1557 - Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft3 (2,700 kN-m/m3).

4. ASTM D2922 - Standard Test Method for Density of Soil and Soil-Aggregate in

Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth).

5. ASTM D3017 - Standard Test Method for Water Content of Soil and Rock in Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth).

E. Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute:

1. PCI MNL-116S - Manual for Quality Control for Plants and Production of Precast and Prestressed Concrete Products.

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1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Section 01 33 00 - Submittal Procedures: Requirements for submittals.

B. An approved and appropriate Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Plan shall be submitted for the proposed work if required. All work shall be performed in accordance with the approved erosion and sediment control plan and applicable permits.

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. All erosion and sediment control measures shall be installed, maintained, and adjusted as necessary to minimize accelerated erosion and sedimentation and to prevent sediment discharge to surface waters, drainage features, and adjacent properties.

B. Perform Work according to State of Pennsylvania’s Erosion and Sediment Control Program Manual standards:

1. The Contractor is advised that all work will be completed in compliance with the requirements of the details and the rules and regulations of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection and the York County Conservation District. Any fines and associated costs resulting from the Contractor's failure to provide adequate protection against soil erosion and sedimentation shall be borne by the Contractor.

2. The Township or its authorized representative may require additional or modified erosion and sediment control measures where field conditions or site performance warrant.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 GEOTEXTILE MATERIALS

A. Geotextile Separation Fabric:

1. Description:

a. Non-biodegradable, UV-resistant, nonwoven geotextile fabric.

b. Material: Polypropylene.

c. Edges: Selvaged or finished to prevent separation of outer material.

d. Calendar such that yarns will retain relative positions.

2. Performance and Design Criteria:

a. Minimum Unseamed Sheet Width: 15 feet.

b. Nominal Weight: 12 oz./sq. yd.

c. Minimum Sheet Thickness: 120 mils.

d. Apparent Opening Size:

1) No. 100 U.S. standard sieve size.

2) Comply with ASTM D4751.

e. Vertical Water Flow Rate:

1) 70 gpm/sq. ft., minimum average roll value.

2) Comply with ASTM D4491/D4491M.

f. Grab Tensile Strength:

1) 270 lbf, minimum average roll value.

2) Comply with ASTM D4632/D4632M.

g. Grab Tensile Elongation:

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1) 50 percent, minimum average roll value.

2) Comply with ASTM D4632/D4632M.

h. Trapezoidal Tear Strength:

1) 125 lbf, minimum average roll value.

2) Comply with ASTM D4533/D4533M.

i. Puncture Strength:

1) 100 lbf, minimum average roll value.

2) Comply with ASTM D4833/D4833M.

j. UV Resistance at 500 Hours:

1) Strength Retention: 70 percent.

2) Comply with ASTM D4355/D4355M.

2.2 BLOCK, AGGREGATE, AND SOIL MATERIALS

A. Coarse Aggregate: as specified in Section 31 05 16.

B. Soil Backfill: Suitable backfill, as specified in Section 31 23 23.

2.3 PLANTING MATERIALS

A. Seeding and Soil Supplements: as specified in Section 32 92 19.

B. Mulch: as specified in Section 32 92 19.

C. Erosion Control Mulch Blanket:

1. Organic Mulch Material. Machine produced mat of organic, biodegradable mulch material evenly distributed and attached on one side of a photodegradable polypropylene mesh with high-strength threads conforming to the following physical properties:

a. Weight 8 ounces per square yard, minimum.

b. Mat thickness Approximately 0.125 inch to 0.6 inch.

c. Install in all disturbed areas with 3:1 or greater slopes and within 50’ of surface waters.

2. Reprocessed Wood Fiber. Flexible, non-woven, biodegradable water absorbing mat of mechanically defibrated wood fibers and synthetic fibers with a photodegradable polypropylene netting laminated to one side of the mat and conforming to the following physical properties:

a. Weight 6.4 to 7.9 ounces per square yard.

b. Mat thickness 0.105 inch, minimum.

2.4 SEDIMENT BARRIERS

A. Silt Sock

1. Provide filter sock meeting the compost filter sock requirements as shown below.

Material Type 3 mil HDPE 5 mil HDPE 5 mil HDPE

Characteristics Photo-degradable Photo-degradable Bio-degradable

Diameters 12”, 18” 12”, 18”, 24”, 32” 12”, 18”, 24”, 32”

Mesh Opening 3/8” 3/8” 3/8”

Tensile Strength 26 psi 26 psi

UV Stability % Original 23% at 1000 hr. 23% at 1000 hr.

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Strength (ASTM G-155)

Min. Functional Longevity 6 months 9 months 6 months

2. Compost: well-decomposed, stable, weed-free, organic compost derived from agriculture, food, stump grindings, and yard or wood/bark organic matter sources

– aerobically composted with no objectionable odors. Provide compost meeting the compost standards for compost filter socks:

a. Organic Matter Content: 80% - 100% (dry weight basis).

b. Organic Portion: Fibrous and elongated.

c. pH: 5.5 - 8.0.

d. Moisture Content: 35% - 55%.

e. Particle Size : 98% pass through 1” screen.

f. Soluble Salt Concentration: Max 5 dS/m (mmhos/cm).

B. Weighted Sediment Filter Tube:

1. Core material: washed 100% shredded rubber with metal removed.

2. Containment Material: woven, polypropylene geotextile; minimum permeability shall be equal to or greater than 0.05 cm/sec per ASTM D 4491. Minimum strength retained relative to UV exposure shall be 70% when tested per ASTM D 4355 for 500 hours.

3. Size: 9.5 or 20 inch nominal diameter, 4.5 or 10 foot nominal length.

C. Silt Fencing: Constructed of 2 inch x 2 inches x 4 feet stakes with fencing fabric stapled to stakes:

1. Grab Tensile Strength (lb): 120 per ASTM D1682.

2. Elongation at Failure (%): 20% Max. per ASTM D1682.

3. Mullen Burst Strength (psi): 200 per ASTM D 3786.

4. Trapezoidal Tear Strength (lb): 50.

5. Puncture Strength (lb): 40 per ASTM D 751 (modified).

6. Slurry Flow Rate (gal/min/sf): 0.3.

7. Equivalent Opening Size: 30 US Std. Sieve.

8. Ultraviolet Radiation Stability (%): 80 per ASTM G-26.

D. Inlet Filter Bag: fabric shall have a minimum properties shown below:

1. Grab Tensile Strength: 450x300 lbs per ASTM D4632.

2. Grab Tensile Elongation: 40x25% per ASTM D4632.

3. Puncture Strength: 130 lbs per ASTM D4633.

4. Mullen Burst Strength: 600 psi per ASTM D3786.

5. Trapezoid Tear Strength: 165 x 150 lbs per ASTM D4533.

6. % Open Area: 28% COE-22125-86.

7. Apparent opening size: 30 US Std Seive per ASTM D4751.

8. Water Flow Rate: 250 gal/min/sq. ft. per ASTM D4491.

E. High Volume Filter Bags: Made from woven geotextiles that meet the following standards:

1. Avg. Wide Width Strength: min 60 lb/in per ASTM D-4884.

2. Grab Tensile: min 205 lb per ASTM D-4632.

3. Puncture: min 110 lb per ASTM D-4833.

4. Burst: min 350 per ASTM D-3786.

5. UV Resistance: min 70% per ASTM D-4355.

6. AOS % Retained : 80 sieve per ASTM D-4751.

Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 31 25 00 - 5 007297.0444

2.5 ACCESSORIES

A. Steel Plate Anti-Vortex Device: minimum 3/16” plate steel as shown in the Drawings.

B. Anti-Seep Collar: 16 gauge sheet Metal, as shown on Drawings.

C. Trash Rack:

1. Cage constructed of No. 3 galvanized reinforcement at 2 inch grid framed with 2 inch galvanized angle iron.

2. All metal connections shall be welded.

3. Mounting hardware: 4 inch long, 3/8 inch diameter stainless steel bolts.

D. Skimmer: Faircloth Skimmer by J. W. Faircloth & Son, Inc.

2.6 SOURCE QUALITY CONTROL (AND TESTS)

A. Perform tests on cement, aggregates, and mixes to ensure conformance with specified requirements.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Section 01 73 00 - Execution Requirements: Verification of existing conditions before starting work.

B. Verify compacted subgrade or stabilized soil is acceptable and ready to support devices and imposed loads.

C. Verify gradients and elevations of base or foundation for other work are correct.

3.2 CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE

A. Clear and grub the footprint of the rock construction entrance as specified in Section 31 10 00.

B. Excavating to depth required, forming embankment.

C. Place geotextile over subsoils and place aggregate.

D. Maintain construction entrance in a condition that minimizes tracking of sediment onto public roadways.

3.3 SEDIMENT BARRIERS

A. Compost Filter Socks and Weighted Sediment Filter Tubes:

1. Prepare placement area by removing all debris.

2. Place parallel to contour with both ends of the sock extended upslope at a 45 degree angle to the rest of the sock to prevent end-arounds.

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3. Socks placed on earthen slopes should be anchored with stakes driven through the center of the sock or immediately downslope of the sock at intervals recommended by the manufacturer.

4. Where socks are placed on paved surfaces, concrete blocks should be used immediately downslope of the socks (at the same intervals recommended for the stakes) to help hold the sock in place.

B. Silt Fence:

1. Excavate 6 inch deep trench, minimizing the disturbance on the downslope side.

The bottom of the trench should be at level grade.

2. Drive support stakes 18 inches below the existing ground surface at 8 foot intervals.

3. Stretched and fasten the fabric to the upslope side of the support stakes.

4. Wherever reinforced silt fence is installed, the reinforcement mesh should be fastened to the stakes prior to the fabric.

5. At fabric ends, both ends should be wrapped around the support stake and stapled.

6. Anchor fencing by placing the fabric in the bottom of the trench, backfill and compact.

3.4 ROCK BARRIER

A. Determine length required for ditch or depression slope and excavate, compact and foundation area to firm, even surface.

B. Produce an even distribution of rock pieces, with minimum voids to the indicated shape, height and slope.

C. Construct coarse aggregate filter blanket against upstream face of rock barrier to the indicated thickness.

3.5 SITE STABILIZATION

A. Erosion and sediment control measures shall be installed prior to the commencement of earth disturbance.

B. Construct, stabilize and activate erosion controls before site disturbance within tributary areas of those controls.

C. Stockpile and waste pile heights shall not exceed 35 feet. Slope stockpile sides at 2: 1 or flatter.

D. Stabilize any disturbed area of affected erosion control devices on which activity has ceased and which will remain exposed for more than 4 days:

1. During non-germinating periods, apply mulch at recommended rates.

2. Stabilize disturbed areas which are not at finished grade and which will be disturbed within one year in accordance with Section 32 92 19.

3. Stabilize disturbed areas which are either at finished grade or will not be disturbed within one year in accordance with Section 32 92 19 permanent seeding specifications.

Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 31 25 00 - 7 007297.0444

E. Stabilize diversion channels, sediment traps, and stockpiles immediately.

3.6 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Section 01 40 00 - Quality Requirements: Field inspecting, testing, adjusting, and balancing.

B. Inspect erosion and sediment control measures on a weekly basis and after each runoff event. Maintain all measures in functional condition at all times. Any damaged, displaced, or ineffective measures shall be repaired or replaced immediately.

3.7 CLEANING

A. Section 01 73 00 - Execution Requirements: Requirements for cleaning.

B. When sediment accumulation in sedimentation structures has reached a point one-third depth of sediment structure or device, remove and dispose of sediment in accordance with PA Code Chapter 102.

C. Do not damage structure or device during cleaning operations.

D. Do not permit sediment to erode into construction or site areas or natural waterways.

E. Clean channels when depth of sediment reaches approximately one half channel depth.

3.8 PROTECTION

A. Section 01 73 00 - Execution Requirements: Requirements for protecting finished Work.

B. Immediately after placement, protect paving from premature drying, excessive hot or cold temperatures, and mechanical injury.

C. Protect paving from elements, flowing water, or other disturbance until curing is completed.

END OF SECTION