31 05 19.13 - Geotextiles For Earthwork.pdf
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- Attached to
- Contract 2026-01: Maintenance & Emergency Contract (Excavation) – Project No. 7297. 0444
- Solicitation number
- Not on record
- Issued by
- York County, Pennsylvania
About this file
This is a technical specifications document for geotextiles for earthwork prepared for West Manchester Township in Pennsylvania under Contract 2026-01: Maintenance & Emergency Contract (Excavation), Project No. 7297.0444. The specification establishes requirements for three categories of geotextile materials: subsurface drainage geotextile (Solmax Mirafi FW402 or approved equal), sediment control geotextile (Solmax Mirafi HP570 or approved equal), and nonwoven geotextile materials (Solmax Mirafi S1200 or approved equal). Each material category includes detailed performance criteria such as tensile strength, elongation, tear strength, puncture resistance, permeability, flow rates, apparent opening size, and UV resistance, with compliance requirements to AASHTO M288 and various ASTM International standards. The specification also addresses accessories including polypropylene or polyester sewing thread, steel securing pins (3/16 inch diameter, minimum 12 inches long), and wire staples (10 gage, minimum 6 inches long). Installation requirements specify overlap joints of minimum 12 inches for seamed joints, securement pin spacing varying from 24 inches on center for slopes steeper than 3:1 to 5 feet on center for slopes flatter than 4:1, and repair procedures for damaged materials. The document mandates that geotextile material remain uncovered for no more than 14 days after installation and prohibits equipment operation directly on the material.
The specification requires submittal of product data, shop drawings, manufacturer certificates, and source quality-control documentation demonstrating compliance with stated requirements. Materials must be stored in clean, dry locations protected from moisture and dust according to manufacturer instructions and ASTM D4873 standards. All work shall comply with PennDOT and West Manchester Township standards, with quality assurance and inspection protocols outlined in referenced sections of the standard specifications. The sealed bid for this maintenance and emergency contract was due by 10:00 AM on Wednesday, May 20, 2026, with bids to be publicly opened through PennBID. Bidding documents were available through https://pennbid.bonfirehub.com/, and no pre-bid conference was scheduled for this project.
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Text version
31 05 19.13 - GEOTEXTILES FOR EARTHWORK
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 31 05 19.13 - 1 007297.0444
SECTION 31 05 19.13 - GEOTEXTILES FOR EARTHWORK
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY
A. Section Includes:
1. Nonwoven geotextile material.
B. Related Requirements:
1. Section 31 23 16.13 - Trenching: Soil and subsoil materials for fill and grading purposes.
2. Section 31 23 23 - Fill: Backfilling required at building perimeter and Site structures to subgrade elevations; fill under slabs on grade, pavement, and landscaped areas.
3. Section 31 25 00 - Erosion and Sedimentation Controls: Erosion and sedimentation control devices.
4. Section 32 11 23 - Aggregate Base Courses: Subbase and base course for placement under paving.
1.2 REFERENCE STANDARDS
A. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials:
1. AASHTO M288 - Standard Specification for Geotextile Specification for Highway
Applications.
B. ASTM International:
1. ASTM D3786 - Standard Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textile Fabrics—
Diaphragm Bursting Strength Tester Method.
2. ASTM D4355 - Standard Test Method for Deterioration of Geotextiles by Exposure to Light, Moisture and Heat in a Xenon Arc Type Apparatus.
3. ASTM D4491 - Standard Test Methods for Water Permeability of Geotextiles by
Permittivity.
4. ASTM D4533 - Standard Test Method for Trapezoid Tearing Strength of
Geotextiles.
5. ASTM D4632 - Standard Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elongation of
Geotextiles.
6. ASTM D4751 - Standard Test Method for Determining Apparent Opening Size of a Geotextile.
7. ASTM D4833 - Standard Test Method for Index Puncture Resistance of
Geomembranes and Related Products.
8. ASTM D4873 - Standard Guide for Identification, Storage, and Handling of
Geosynthetic Rolls and Samples.
9. ASTM D4884 - Standard Test Method for Strength of Sewn or Bonded Seams of
Geotextiles.
10. ASTM D4886 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Geotextiles (Sand
Paper/Sliding Block Method).
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 31 05 19.13 - 2 007297.0444
11. ASTM D6524 - Standard Test Method for Measuring the Resiliency of Turf Reinforcement Mats (TRMs).
12. ASTM D6525 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Nominal Thickness of Rolled Erosion Control Products.
13. ASTM D6566 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Mass per Unit Area of Turf Reinforcement Mats.
14. ASTM D6567 - Standard Test Method for Measuring the Light Penetration of a Turf Reinforcement Mat (TRM).
15. ASTM D6575 - Standard Test Method for Determining Stiffness of Geosynthetics Used as Turf Reinforcement Mats (TRMs).
16. ASTM D6818 - Standard Test Method for Ultimate Tensile Properties of Rolled Erosion Control Products.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. Section 01 33 00 - Submittal Procedures: Requirements for submittals.
B. Product Data: Submit manufacturer information including tensile strength, elongation, thickness, UV resistance, and other material specifications.
C. Shop Drawings: Indicate fabric layout, seam locations, and overlap details in installation drawings.
D. Manufacturer's Certificate: Certify that products meet or exceed specified requirements.
E. Source Quality-Control Submittals: Indicate results of factory tests and inspections.
1.4 CLOSEOUT SUBMITTALS
A. Project Record Documents: Record actual locations of geotextile material, including placement depth.
1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Perform Work in accordance with PennDOT and West Manchester Township standards.
1.6 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
A. Section 01 61 00 - Product Requirements: Requirements for transporting, handling, storing, and protecting products.
B. Inspection: Accept materials on Site in manufacturer's original packaging and inspect for damage.
C. Comply with ASTM D4873.
D. Store materials according to manufacturer instructions.
E. Protection:
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 31 05 19.13 - 3 007297.0444
1. Protect materials from moisture and dust by storing in clean, dry location remote from construction operations areas.
2. Provide additional protection according to manufacturer instructions.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE GEOTEXTILE
A. Manufacturers:
1. Solmax – Mirafi FW402.
2. Or approved equal.
B. Description:
1. Non-biodegradable, UV-resistant, woven geotextile fabric.
2. Material: Monofilament, polypropylene.
3. Calendar such that yarns will retain relative positions.
C. Performance and Design Criteria:
1. Comply with AASHTO M288.
2. Tensile Strength (Grab):
a. 365 lbf/ft., maximum.
b. Comply with ASTM D4632.
3. Tensile Elongation (Grab):
a. 24 percent, maximum.
b. Comply with ASTM D4632.
4. Trapezoid Tear Strength:
a. 115 lbs., maximum.
b. Comply with ASTM D4533.
5. CBR Puncture Strength:
a. 675 lb.
b. Comply with ASTM D6241.
6. Percent Open Area:
a. 10 percent.
b. Comply with COE-02215.
7. Permittivity:
a. 2.1 sec-1.
b. Comply with ASTM D4491.
8. Flow Rate
a. 145 gal/min/sq. ft.
b. Comply with ASTM D4491.
9. Apparent Opening Size:
a. 40 US Std Sieve.
b. Comply with ASTM D4751.
10. UV Resistance at 500 Hours:
a. Strength Retention: 90 percent.
b. Comply with ASTM D4355.
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 31 05 19.13 - 4 007297.0444
2.2 SEDIMENT CONTROL GEOTEXTILE MATERIALS
A. Manufacturers:
1. Solmax – Mirafi HP570.
2. Or approved equal.
B. Description:
1. Non-biodegradable, UV-resistant, woven geotextile fabric.
2. Material: Monofilament, polypropylene.
3. Calendar such that yarns will retain relative positions.
C. Performance and Design Criteria:
1. Comply with AASHTO M288.
2. Tensile Strength (Grab):
a. 500 lbf/ft., maximum.
b. Comply with ASTM D4632.
3. Tensile Elongation (Grab):
a. 11 percent, maximum.
b. Comply with ASTM D4632.
4. Trapezoid Tear Strength:
a. 180 lbs., maximum.
b. Comply with ASTM D4533.
5. CBR Puncture Strength:
a. 2,000 lb.
b. Comply with ASTM D6241.
6. Permittivity:
a. 0.5 sec-1.
b. Comply with ASTM D4491.
7. Flow Rate
a. 35 gal/min/sq. ft.
b. Comply with ASTM D4491.
8. Apparent Opening Size:
a. 30 US Std Sieve.
b. Comply with ASTM D4751.
9. UV Resistance at 500 Hours:
a. Strength Retention: 80 percent.
b. Comply with ASTM D4355.
2.3 NONWOVEN GEOTEXTILE MATERIALS
A. Manufacturers:
1. Solmax – Mirafi S1200.
2. Or approved equal.
B. Description:
1. Non-biodegradable, UV-resistant, nonwoven geotextile fabric.
2. Material: Polypropylene.
3. Edges: Salvaged or finished to prevent separation of outer material.
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 31 05 19.13 - 5 007297.0444
4. Calendar such that yarns will retain relative positions.
C. Performance and Design Criteria:
1. Comply with AASHTO M288, Class 1.
2. Tensile Strength (Grab):
a. 320 lbf/ft., maximum.
b. Comply with ASTM D4632.
3. Tensile Elongation (Grab):
a. 50 percent, maximum.
b. Comply with ASTM D4632.
4. Trapezoid Tear Strength:
a. 125 lbs., maximum.
b. Comply with ASTM D4533.
5. CBR Puncture Strength:
a. 900 lb.
b. Comply with ASTM D6241.
6. Transmissivity:
a. 2.6x10-3 sq. ft./min.
b. Comply with ASTM D6574.
7. Permittivity:
a. 0.9 sec-1.
b. Comply with ASTM D4491.
8. Permeability:
a. 0.3 cm/sec.
b. Comply with ASTM D4491.
9. Flow Rate
a. 65 gal/min/sq. ft.
b. Comply with ASTM D4491.
10. Apparent Opening Size:
a. 100 US Std Sieve.
b. Comply with ASTM D4751.
11. UV Resistance at 500 Hours:
a. Strength Retention: 80 percent.
b. Comply with ASTM D4355.
2.4 ACCESSORIES
A. Sewing Thread:
1. Material: Polypropylene Polyester or Kevlar.
2. Durability: Equal to or greater than durability of geotextile.
B. Securing Pins:
1. Material: Steel rods or bars.
2. Diameter: 3/16 inch.
3. Minimum Length: 12 inches.
4. Washers:
a. Material: Steel.
b. Outside Diameter: Minimum 1-1/2 inches.
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 31 05 19.13 - 6 007297.0444
c. Inside Diameter: 1/4 inch.
d. Thickness: 1/8 inch.
C. Wire Staples:
1. Material: Steel.
2. Minimum Size: 10 gage.
3. Minimum Length: 6 inches.
2.5 SOURCE QUALITY CONTROL
A. Section 01 40 00 - Quality Requirements: Requirements for testing, inspection, and analysis.
B. Provide shop inspection and testing of completed assembly.
C. Certificate of Compliance:
1. If manufacturer is approved by authorities having jurisdiction, submit certificate of compliance indicating Work performed at manufacturer's facility conforms to Contract Documents.
2. Specified shop tests are not required for Work performed by approved manufacturer.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
A. Section 01 73 00 - Execution Requirements: Requirements for installation examination.
B. Verify that underlying surface is smooth and free of ruts or protrusions that could damage geotextile material.
3.2 PREPARATION
A. Section 01 73 00 - Execution Requirements: Requirements for installation preparation.
B. Subgrade Material and Compaction Requirements: As specified in Section 31 23 16.13 - Trenching or 31 23 23 - Fill.
3.3 INSTALLATION
A. Geotextile Material:
1. Lay and maintain smooth and free of tensile stresses, folds, wrinkles, or creases.
2. Ensure that material is in direct contact with subgrade.
3. Minimum Unseamed Joints Overlap: As recommended by manufacturer.
B. Securement Pins:
1. Insert through geotextile midway between edges of overlaps and minimum 6 inches from free edges.
2. Minimum Spacing:
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 31 05 19.13 - 7 007297.0444
a. Slopes Steeper than 3 Horizontal on 1 Vertical: 24 inches o.c.
b. Slopes 3 Horizontal on 1 Vertical to 4 Horizontal on 1 Vertical: 3 feet o.c.
c. Slopes Flatter than 4 Horizontal on 1 Vertical: 5 feet o.c.
3. Ensure that washer bears against geotextile.
C. Seams:
1. Minimum Seamed Joints Overlap: 12 inches at longitudinal and transverse joints.
2. Seams across Slope: Lap upper panel over lower panel.
3. Sewn Seams:
a. Stitch Type: As recommended by geotextile manufacturer.
b. Tie off thread at the end of each seam to prevent unraveling.
4. Thermal Seams:
a. As recommended by geotextile manufacturer.
b. Comply with ASTM D4886.
D. Penetrations: As recommended by geotextile manufacturer.
E. Repairing Damaged Geotextiles:
1. Repair torn or damaged geotextile by placing patch of same type of geotextile over damaged area minimum of 12 inches beyond edge of damaged area, and fasten as recommended by geotextile manufacturer.
2. Remove and replace geotextile rolls which cannot be repaired.
F. Fill and Cover:
1. Place fill to prevent tensile stress or wrinkles in geotextile.
2. Place fill from bottom of side-slopes upward.
3. Do not drop fill from height greater than 3 feet.
3.4 PROTECTION
A. Section 01 73 00 - Execution Requirements: Requirements for protecting finished Work.
B. Ballast: Adequate to prevent uplift of material by wind.
C. UV Exposure: Do not leave material uncovered for more than 14 days after installation.
D. Do not use staples or pins to hold geotextiles in place where located adjacent to other geosynthetic layers that could be damaged.
E. Do not operate equipment directly on top of geotextile.
END OF SECTION
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