32 17 23 - Pavement Markings.pdf
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This is a technical specification document for pavement markings prepared by Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. for the Borough of Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania. The specification details the materials, equipment, quality standards, and installation procedures for traffic line and marking applications on pavement surfaces. The work encompasses painted pavement markings, glass bead retroreflective treatments, thermoplastic compound applications, preformed reflectorized tape, and raised pavement markers. The specification requires compliance with Pennsylvania Department of Transportation standards, AASHTO specifications, and multiple ASTM testing standards. Key product requirements include waterborne traffic paint with minimum 85 millicandelas retroreflectance, glass beads conforming to AASHTO M247 Type 1, and thermoplastic compounds applied at temperatures between 375 and 425 degrees Fahrenheit with minimum 0.125-inch thickness. The application rate for reflective markings is specified at 100 square feet per gallon of paint with 0.5 pounds of glass spheres per gallon, while thermoplastic applications require 1 pound of reflective glass spheres per 20 square feet. Surface preparation requires concrete to cure for 28 days minimum before paint application, and paint application cannot occur when ambient temperatures are below 50 degrees Fahrenheit or when relative humidity conditions are outside manufacturer specifications.
The specification establishes detailed quality control requirements including manufacturer and applicator qualifications with minimum three years' experience, submittal of paint formulation data, manufacturer certificates of compliance, test reports per AASHTO M247, and field quality control inspections. Paint must achieve tack-free status within two minutes of application and maintain durability ratings of 6 or higher after nine months in service. Maximum wet film thickness variation is limited to 1 mil, and wet paint line width tolerances are plus or minus 1/8 inch. Installation procedures require cleaning and drying all paved surfaces prior to application, spot location of final markings at 25-foot intervals with engineer inspection at least three days before application, and removal of existing markings without painting over or damaging underlying pavement. Traffic protection includes submission of a short-term traffic control plan to the owner and engineer at least 7 days before commencing work, with painted markings protected from vehicular and pedestrian traffic using barrier cones until paint achieves track-free status. The specification allows 30 minutes minimum dry time and requires collection and legal disposal of all painting operation residues.
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Text version
32 17 23 - PAVEMENT MARKINGS
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 32 17 23 - 1 000598.0465
SECTION 32 17 23 - PAVEMENT MARKINGS
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY
A. Section Includes:
1. Traffic lines and markings.
2. Legends.
3. Paint.
4. Glass beads.
B. Related Requirements:
1. Section 32 12 16 - Asphalt Paving: Asphalt paving for roads, parking areas, and sidewalks.
2. Section 32 13 13 - Concrete Paving: Concrete paving for roads, parking areas, and sidewalks.
1.2 REFERENCE STANDARDS
A. Pennsylvania Department of Transportation:
1. Publication 408 – Standard Specifications.
B. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials:
1. AASHTO M247 - Standard Specification for Glass Beads Used in Pavement
Markings.
C. ASTM International:
1. ASTM D34 - Standard Guide for Chemical Analysis of White Pigments.
2. ASTM D126 - Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Yellow, Orange, and Green
Pigments Containing Lead Chromate and Chromium Oxide Green.
3. ASTM D562 - Standard Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring Krebs
Unit (KU) Viscosity Using a Stormer-Type Viscometer.
4. ASTM D711 - Standard Test Method for No-Pick-Up Time of Traffic Paint.
5. ASTM D713 - Standard Practice for Conducting Road Service Tests on Fluid Traffic
Marking Materials.
6. ASTM D1301 - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of White Lead
Pigments.
7. ASTM D1394 - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of White Titanium
Pigments.
8. ASTM D1475 - Standard Test Method for Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks, and
Related Products.
9. ASTM D1640 - Standard Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Formation of
Organic Coatings.
10. ASTM D2202 - Standard Test Method for Slump of Sealants.
11. ASTM D2371 - Standard Test Method for Pigment Content of Solvent-Reducible
Paints.
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 32 17 23 - 2 000598.0465
12. ASTM D2621 - Standard Test Method for Infrared Identification of Vehicle Solids From Solvent-Reducible Paints.
13. ASTM D2743 - Standard Practices for Uniformity of Traffic Paint Vehicle Solids by Spectroscopy and Gas Chromatography.
14. ASTM D4280 - Standard Specification for Extended Life Type, Nonplowable, Raised Retroreflective Pavement Markers.
15. ASTM D4505 - Standard Specification for Preformed Retroreflective Pavement Marking Tape for Extended Service Life.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. Section 01 33 00 - Submittal Procedures: Requirements for submittals.
B. Product Data: Submit paint formulation for each type of paint.
C. Manufacturer's Certificate: Certify that products meet or exceed specified requirements.
D. Test and Evaluation Reports: Indicate source and acceptance test results according to
AASHTO M247.
E. Manufacturer Instructions:
1. Submit instructions for application temperatures, eradication requirements, application rate, line thickness, type of glass beads, and bead embedment and application rate.
2. Submit detailed instructions on installation requirements, including storage and handling procedures.
F. Source Quality-Control Submittals: Indicate results of factory tests and inspections.
G. Field Quality-Control Submittals: Indicate results of Contractor-furnished tests and inspections.
H. Qualifications Statements:
1. Submit qualifications for manufacturer and applicator.
2. Submit manufacturer's approval of applicator.
1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Perform Work according to Borough of Elizabethtown standards.
1.5 QUALIFICATIONS
A. Manufacturer: Company specializing in manufacturing products specified in this Section with minimum three years' experience.
B. Applicator: Company specializing in performing Work of this Section with minimum three years' experience.
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 32 17 23 - 3 000598.0465
1.6 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
A. Section 01 61 00 - Product Requirements: Requirements for transporting, handling, storing, and protecting products.
B. Inspection: Accept materials on Site in manufacturer's original packaging and inspect for damage.
C. Storage:
1. According to manufacturer instructions.
2. Paint:
a. Invert containers several days prior to use if paint has been stored more than two months.
b. Minimize exposure to air when transferring paint.
c. Seal drums and tanks when not in use.
D. Protection:
1. Protect materials from moisture and dust by storing in clean, dry location remote from construction operations areas.
2. Provide additional protection according to manufacturer instructions.
1.7 AMBIENT CONDITIONS
A. Do not apply materials if surface and ambient temperatures are outside temperature ranges required by paint product manufacturer.
B. Do not apply exterior coatings during rain or snow if relative humidity is outside range required by paint manufacturer, or if moisture content of surfaces exceeds that required by paint manufacturer.
C. Minimum Conditions: Do not apply paint if temperatures are or are expected to fall below 50 deg. F within 24 hours after application.
D. Thermoplastic Compound: Do not apply unless pavement surface temperature is minimum 40 deg. F and rising.
E. Maximum VOCs: Do not exceed limit required by State or Environmental Protection Agency.
1.8 WARRANTY
A. Section 01 78 36 - Warranties: Requirements for warranties.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 PAINTED PAVEMENT MARKINGS
A. Manufacturers:
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 32 17 23 - 4 000598.0465
1. Furnish materials according to Pennsylvania Department of Transportation Bulletin 15, Qualified Products List for Construction.
B. Performance and Design Criteria:
1. Paint Adhesion: Adhere to road surface, forming smooth continuous film one minute after application.
2. Paint Drying: Tack free by touch as not to transfer by vehicle tires within two minutes after application.
C. Paint:
1. Description: Ready mixed, conventional, fast-dry, waterborne traffic paints.
2. Lead-free and nontoxic.
3. Minimum Retroreflectance: 85 mcd.
4. Durability Rating: 6 or more, after in place for nine months.
5. Properties:
a. Pigment Percent by Weight: 60, plus or minus 2.
b. Vehicle Percent by Weight: 40, plus or minus 2.
c. Nonvolatile Percent by Weight of Paint: 75.0.
d. Viscosity: 80-90 Kreb Units at 77 deg. F.
6. Grind:
a. Method: Hegeman Gage.
b. Minimum Field-Tested, No-Tracking Time under Ambient Conditions: 20 to 90 seconds.
7. Maximum Dry-Through Time:
a. 125 minutes.
b. Wet Film Thickness: 15 mils at 90 percent relative humidity and 72 deg.
F.
c. Comply with ASTM D1640/D1640M.
8. Maximum VOC Content: 1 lb./gal.
D. Glass Beads:
1. Comply with AASHTO M247, Type 1.
2. Coating: Enhance embedment and adherence with paint.
E. Thermoplastic Compound:
1. Binder Component: Hydrocarbon resin with pigment, beads, and filler uniformly dispersed.
2. Asphalt Concrete Primer:
a. Description: Thermosetting adhesive with a solids content of pigment reinforced synthetic rubber and synthetic plastic resin dissolved or dispersed in a volatile organic solvent.
b. Solids Content: Not less than 10 percent by weight at 70 deg. F and 60 percent relative humidity.
c. Wet Film Thickness: 0.005 inch, plus or minus 0.03 inch.
3. Portland Cement Concrete Primer: Epoxy resin primer, as recommended by manufacturer of thermoplastic compound.
F. Preformed Tape:
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 32 17 23 - 5 000598.0465
1. Description: Adherent reflectorized strip.
2. Comply with ASTM D4505, Type I or IV.
G. Raised Pavement Markers:
1. Per PennDOT Publication 408.
2.2 APPLICATION EQUIPMENT
A. Paint Gun:
1. Description: Simultaneously apply parallel lines of indicated width in solid or broken patterns or various combinations of those patterns.
2. Type: Dual nozzle.
B. Bead Gun:
1. Description: Automatically dispense glass beads onto painted surface at required application rate.
2. Type: Pressurized.
C. Measuring Device: Automatically and continuously measure to nearest foot length of each line placed.
D. Paint Heater: Capable of heating paint to 125 deg. F for fast-dry applications.
2.3 SOURCE QUALITY CONTROL
A. Section 01 40 00 - Quality Requirements: Requirements for testing, inspection, and analysis.
B. Test and analyze traffic paints according to PennDOT Publication 408.
C. Certificate of Compliance:
1. If manufacturer is approved by authorities having jurisdiction, submit certificate of compliance indicating Work performed at manufacturer's facility conforms to Contract Documents.
2. Specified shop tests are not required for Work performed by approved manufacturer.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 PREPARATION
A. Section 01 73 00 - Execution Requirements: Requirements for application preparation.
B. Do not apply paint to concrete surfaces until concrete has cured for 28 days.
C. Agitate paint for 1 to 15 minutes prior to application to ensure even distribution of pigment.
D. Maintenance and Protection of Traffic:
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 32 17 23 - 6 000598.0465
1. Submit short term traffic control plan to Owner and Engineer for approval a minimum of 7 days before commencing work.
2. Prevent interference with marking operations and prevent traffic on newly applied markings before dry.
E. Surface Preparation.
1. Clean and dry paved surfaces prior to painting.
2. Blow or sweep surface free of dirt, debris, oil, grease, or gasoline.
3. Spot location of final pavement markings, as specified and as indicated on
Drawings, by applying pavement spots 25 feet o.c.
4. Request inspection by Engineer after placing pavement spots and minimum three days prior to applying traffic lines.
3.2 DEMOLITION
A. Remove existing markings in an acceptable manner, using methods that will cause least damage to pavement structure or surface.
B. Do not remove existing pavement markings by painting over with blank paint.
C. Repair pavement or surface damage caused by removal methods.
D. Clean and repair existing , remaining, or reinstalled lines and legends.
3.3 APPLICATION
A. Application Rate:
1. Reflective Markings:
a. Paint: 100 sq. ft./gal.
b. Glass Spheres on Wet Paint: 0.5 lb./gal.
2. Nonreflective Markings:
a. Paint: 100 sq. ft./gal.
3. Thermoplastic Compound:
a. After surface preparation has been completed, prime pavement surface with spray equipment and allow primer materials to dry according to thermoplastic manufacturer recommendations.
b. Apply thermoplastic at temperatures not less than 375 deg. F and not greater than 425 deg. F at point of deposition.
c. Apply reflective glass spheres mechanically at rate of 1 lb./20 sq. ft.
d. Application Thickness: Not less than 0.125 inch and not more than 0.190 inch.
B. Painting:
1. Apply paint pneumatically, using guidelines and templates as necessary to control application.
2. Manually paint numbers, letters, and symbols.
3. Prevent splattering and overspray when applying markings.
4. Paint Guns: Simultaneously apply paint binder at uniform specified rates.
5. Dispense at ambient temperature.
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 32 17 23 - 7 000598.0465
C. Reflective Media:
1. Immediately follow paint application.
2. Bead Guns:
a. Dispense glass beads simultaneously at specified rate.
b. Check guns by dispensing glass beads into gallon container for predetermined fixed period of time.
c. Verify weight of glass beads.
D. Thermoplastic Compound:
1. Place on dry pavement.
2. Apply centerline, skip line, edge line, and other longitudinal type markings with mobile applicator.
3. Place special markings, crosswalks, stop bars, legends, arrows, and similar patterns with portable applicator.
E. Raised Pavement Markers:
1. Align prefabricated markers and permanently fix in place by means of epoxy adhesives.
2. Prior to applying adhesive, thoroughly clean area by water blasting and by compressed air.
F. Dimensions and Locations: As indicated on Work Orders.
G. Crosswalks, Intersections, Stop Lines, Legends:
1. Use walk-behind stripers, hand spray, or stencil trucks.
2. Do not use hand brushes or rollers.
3. Glass beads may be applied by hand.
3.4 TOLERANCES
A. Section 01 40 00 - Quality Requirements: Requirements for tolerances.
B. Maximum Variation from Wet Film Thickness: 1 mil.
C. Maximum Variation from Wet Paint Line Width: Plus or minus 1/8 inch.
D. Automatic Line-Length Gages: Plus or minus 25 ft./mi.
E. Cycle Length Timer: Plus or minus 6 in./40 ft.
F. Paint Line-Length Timer: Plus or minus 3 in./10 ft.
G. Paint Guns: Plus or minus 1 mil.
3.5 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
A. Section 01 40 00 - Quality Requirements: Requirements for inspecting and testing.
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 32 17 23 - 8 000598.0465
B. Inspect for incorrect location, insufficient thickness, line width, coverage, retention, uncured or discolored material, and insufficient bonding.
C. Acceptance:
1. Repair lines and markings which after application and curing do not meet following criteria:
a. Incorrect location.
b. Insufficient thickness, width, coverage, or retention.
c. Uncured or discolored material.
d. Insufficient bonding.
3.6 CLEANING
A. Collect and legally dispose of residues from painting operations.
3.7 PROTECTION
A. Section 01 73 00 - Execution Requirements: Requirements for protecting finished Work.
B. Protect painted pavement markings from vehicular and pedestrian traffic until paint is dry and track free.
C. Unless material is track free at end of paint application convoy, use traffic cones to protect markings from traffic until track free.
D. If vehicle crosses a marking and tracks it, or if splattering or overspray occurs, eradicate affected marking and resultant tracking and apply new markings.
E. Follow manufacturer instructions or use minimum of 30 minutes of dry time.
F. Barrier cones are satisfactory protection for materials being dried.
3.8 MAINTENANCE
A. Section 01 73 00 - Execution Requirements: Requirements for maintenance service.
END OF SECTION
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