31 05 19.13 - Geotextiles For Earthwork.pdf
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- Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
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This is a specification document for geotextiles for earthwork prepared for the Borough of Elizabethtown's sanitary sewer improvements project. The specification defines material requirements and installation procedures for three types of geotextile products: subsurface drainage geotextile (Solmax Mirafi FW402 or approved equal), sediment control geotextile (Solmax Mirafi HP570 or approved equal), and nonwoven geotextile (Solmax Mirafi S1200 or approved equal). Each material type includes detailed performance criteria complying with AASHTO M288 and various ASTM standards, specifying properties such as tensile strength, elongation, burst strength, UV resistance, apparent opening size, permittivity, and flow rates. The specification requires manufacturers to provide product data, shop drawings, certificates of compliance, and detailed installation instructions. Materials must be delivered in original manufacturer packaging, stored in clean dry locations, and protected from moisture and dust per ASTM D4873 guidelines.
Installation requirements mandate that geotextile materials be laid smooth and free of tensile stresses, folds, wrinkles, or creases with direct contact to the subgrade. Seams require minimum 12-inch overlaps at longitudinal and transverse joints with either sewn or thermal seaming per manufacturer recommendations. Securement pins must be spaced based on slope conditions, ranging from 24 inches on-center for slopes steeper than 3:1 to 5 feet on-center for slopes flatter than 4:1. Fill placement must occur from bottom of side-slopes upward with drops not exceeding 3 feet in height. Damaged geotextiles require patching with the same material extending minimum 12 inches beyond damaged areas, or complete removal and replacement if unrepairable. Materials must not remain uncovered for more than 14 days after installation and require adequate ballast to prevent wind uplift.
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Text version
31 05 1913 - GEOTEXTILES FOR EARTHWORK
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 31 05 19.13 - 1 000598.0465
SECTION 31 05 19.13 - GEOTEXTILES FOR EARTHWORK
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY
A. Section Includes:
1. Nonwoven geotextile material.
B. Related Requirements:
1. Section 31 05 13 - Soils for Earthwork: Fill and grading materials.
2. Section 31 23 16.13 - Trenching: Soil and subsoil materials for fill and grading purposes.
3. Section 31 23 23 - Fill: Backfilling required at building perimeter and Site structures to subgrade elevations; fill under slabs on grade, pavement, and landscaped areas.
4. Section 31 25 00 - Erosion and Sedimentation Controls: Erosion and sedimentation control devices.
1.2 REFERENCE STANDARDS
A. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials:
1. AASHTO M288 - Standard Specification for Geotextile Specification for Highway
Applications.
B. ASTM International:
1. ASTM D3786 - Standard Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textile Fabrics—
Diaphragm Bursting Strength Tester Method
2. ASTM D4355 - Standard Test Method for Deterioration of Geotextiles by Exposure to Light, Moisture and Heat in a Xenon Arc Type Apparatus.
3. ASTM D4491 - Standard Test Methods for Water Permeability of Geotextiles by
Permittivity.
4. ASTM D4533 - Standard Test Method for Trapezoid Tearing Strength of
Geotextiles.
5. ASTM D4632 - Standard Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elongation of
Geotextiles.
6. ASTM D4751 - Standard Test Method for Determining Apparent Opening Size of a Geotextile.
7. ASTM D4833 - Standard Test Method for Index Puncture Resistance of
Geomembranes and Related Products.
8. ASTM D4873 - Standard Guide for Identification, Storage, and Handling of
Geosynthetic Rolls and Samples.
9. ASTM D4884 - Standard Test Method for Strength of Sewn or Bonded Seams of
Geotextiles.
10. ASTM D4886 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Geotextiles (Sand
Paper/Sliding Block Method).
11. ASTM D6525 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Nominal Thickness of Rolled
Erosion Control Products.
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12. ASTM D6818 - Standard Test Method for Ultimate Tensile Properties of Rolled Erosion Control Products.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. Section 01 33 00 - Submittal Procedures: Requirements for submittals.
B. Product Data: Submit manufacturer information including tensile strength, elongation, thickness, UV resistance, and other material specifications.
C. Shop Drawings: Indicate fabric layout, seam locations, and overlap details in installation drawings.
D. Manufacturer's Certificate: Certify that products meet or exceed specified requirements.
E. Manufacturer Instructions: Submit detailed instructions on installation requirements, including storage and handling procedures.
F. Source Quality-Control Submittals: Indicate results of factory tests and inspections.
1.4 MAINTENANCE MATERIAL SUBMITTALS
A. Section 01 73 00 - Execution Requirements: Requirements for maintenance materials.
1.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
A. Section 01 61 00 - Product Requirements: Requirements for transporting, handling, storing, and protecting products.
B. Inspection: Accept materials on Site in manufacturer's original packaging and inspect for damage.
C. Comply with ASTM D4873.
D. Store materials according to manufacturer instructions.
E. Protection:
1. Protect materials from moisture and dust by storing in clean, dry location remote from construction operations areas.
2. Provide additional protection according to manufacturer instructions.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE GEOTEXTILE
A. Manufacturers:
1. Solmax – Mirafi FW402.
2. Or approved equal.
B. Description:
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 31 05 19.13 - 3 000598.0465
1. Non-biodegradable, UV-resistant, woven geotextile fabric.
2. Material: Polypropylene.
3. Calendar such that yarns will retain relative positions.
C. Performance and Design Criteria:
1. Comply with AASHTO M288.
2. Mass per Unit Area:
a. 5.6 oz./sq. yd..
b. Comply with ASTM D6566.
3. Thickness:
a. 24 mils.
b. Comply with ASTM D6525.
4. Tensile Strength (Grab):
a. 2,400 by 1,680 lbf/ft..
b. Comply with ASTM D4595.
5. Maximum Elongation:
a. 24 percent.
b. Comply with ASTM D4632.
6. Burst Strength:
a. 189 psi.
b. Comply with ASTM D3786.
7. CBR Puncture:
a. 675 lb.
b. Comply with ASTM D6241.
8. UV Resistance at 5000 Hours:
a. Strength Retention: 90 percent.
b. Comply with ASTM D4355.
9. Apparent Opening Size:
a. 40 US Std Seive
b. Comply with ASTM D4751.
10. Permittivity
a. 2.1 sec-1
b. Comply with ASTM D4491
11. Flow Rate
a. 145 gal/min/sq. ft.
b. Comply with ASTM D4491.
2.2 SEDIMENT CONTROL GEOTEXTILE MATERIALS
A. Manufacturers:
1. Solmax – Mirafi HP570.
2. Or approved equal.
B. Description:
1. Non-biodegradable, UV-resistant, woven geotextile fabric.
2. Material: Polypropylene.
3. Calendar such that yarns will retain relative positions.
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C. Performance and Design Criteria:
1. Comply with AASHTO M288.
2. Tensile Strength (Grab):
a. 4,800 lbf/ft.
b. Comply with ASTM D4595.
3. Maximum Elongation:
a. 20 percent.
b. Comply with ASTM D4632.
4. UV Resistance at 500 Hours:
a. Strength Retention: 80 percent.
b. Comply with ASTM D4355.
5. Apparent Opening Size:
a. 33330 US Std Seive
b. Comply with ASTM D4751.
6. Permittivity
a. 0.4 sec-1
b. Comply with ASTM D4491
7. Flow Rate
a. 30 gal/min/sq. ft.
b. Comply with ASTM D4491.
2.3 NONWOVEN GEOTEXTILE MATERIALS
A. Manufacturers:
1. Solmax – Mirafi S1200.
2. Or approved equal.
B. Description:
1. Non-biodegradable, UV-resistant, nonwoven geotextile fabric.
2. Material: Polypropylene.
3. Edges: Salvaged or finished to prevent separation of outer material.
4. Calendar such that yarns will retain relative positions.
C. Performance and Design Criteria:
1. Minimum Unseamed Sheet Width: 15 feet.
2. Nominal Weight: 12 oz./sq. yd.
3. Minimum Sheet Thickness: 130 mils.
4. Apparent Opening Size:
a. No. 100 to No. 140 U.S. standard sieve size.
b. Comply with ASTM D4751.
5. Water Permittivity: 0.9 per second, minimum average roll value.
6. Vertical Water Flow Rate:
a. 65 gpm/sq. ft., minimum average roll value.
b. Comply with ASTM D4491.
7. Wide-Width Strip Tensile Strength:
a. 310 lbf, minimum average roll value.
b. Comply with ASTM D4632.
8. Elongation:
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a. 50 percent, minimum average roll value.
b. Comply with ASTM D4632.
9. Trapezoidal Tear Strength:
a. 120 lbf, minimum average roll value.
b. Comply with ASTM D4533.
10. CBR Puncture Strength:
a. 900 lb, minimum average roll value.
b. Comply with ASTM D6241.
11. UV Resistance at 500 Hours:
a. Strength Retention: 80 percent.
b. Comply with ASTM D4355.
2.4 ACCESSORIES
A. Sewing Thread:
1. Material: Polypropylene Polyester or Kevlar.
2. Durability: Equal to or greater than durability of geotextile.
B. Securing Pins:
1. Material: Steel rods or bars.
2. Diameter: 3/16 inch.
3. Minimum Length: 12 inches.
4. Washers:
a. Material: Steel.
b. Outside Diameter: Minimum 1-1/2 inches.
c. Inside Diameter: 1/4 inch.
d. Thickness: 1/8 inch.
C. Wire Staples:
1. Material: Steel.
2. Minimum Size: 10 gage.
3. Minimum Length: 6 inches.
2.5 SOURCE QUALITY CONTROL
A. Section 01 40 00 - Quality Requirements: Requirements for testing, inspection, and analysis.
B. Provide shop inspection and testing of completed assembly.
C. Certificate of Compliance:
1. If manufacturer is approved by authorities having jurisdiction, submit certificate of compliance indicating Work performed at manufacturer's facility conforms to Contract Documents.
2. Specified shop tests are not required for Work performed by approved manufacturer.
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 31 05 19.13 - 6 000598.0465
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
A. Section 01 73 00 - Execution Requirements: Requirements for installation examination.
B. Verify that underlying surface is smooth and free of ruts or protrusions that could damage geotextile material.
3.2 PREPARATION
A. Section 01 73 00 - Execution Requirements: Requirements for installation preparation.
B. Subgrade Material and Compaction Requirements: As specified in Section 31 23 16.13 - Trenching or 31 23 23 - Fill.
3.3 INSTALLATION
A. Geotextile Material:
1. Lay and maintain smooth and free of tensile stresses, folds, wrinkles, or creases.
2. Ensure that material is in direct contact with subgrade.
3. Minimum Unseamed Joints Overlap: As recommended by manufacturer.
B. Securement Pins:
1. Insert through geotextile midway between edges of overlaps and minimum 6 inches from free edges.
2. Minimum Spacing:
a. Slopes Steeper than 3 Horizontal on 1 Vertical: 24 inches o.c.
b. Slopes 3 Horizontal on 1 Vertical to 4 Horizontal on 1 Vertical: 3 feet o.c.
c. Slopes Flatter than 4 Horizontal on 1 Vertical: 5 feet o.c.
3. Ensure that washer bears against geotextile.
C. Seams:
1. Minimum Seamed Joints Overlap: 12 inches at longitudinal and transverse joints.
2. Seams across Slope: Lap upper panel over lower panel.
3. Sewn Seams:
a. Stitch Type: As recommended by geotextile manufacturer.
b. Tie off thread at the end of each seam to prevent unraveling.
4. Thermal Seams:
a. As recommended by geotextile manufacturer.
b. Comply with ASTM D4886.
D. Penetrations: As recommended by geotextile manufacturer.
E. Repairing Damaged Geotextiles:
1. Repair torn or damaged geotextile by placing patch of same type of geotextile over damaged area minimum of 12 inches beyond edge of damaged area, and fasten as recommended by geotextile manufacturer.
2. Remove and replace geotextile rolls which cannot be repaired.
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F. Fill and Cover:
1. Place fill to prevent tensile stress or wrinkles in geotextile.
2. Place fill from bottom of side-slopes upward.
3. Do not drop fill from height greater than 3 feet.
3.4 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
A. Section 01 40 00 - Quality Requirements: Requirements for inspecting and testing.
3.5 PROTECTION
A. Section 01 73 00 - Execution Requirements: Requirements for protecting finished Work.
B. Ballast: Adequate to prevent uplift of material by wind.
C. UV Exposure: Do not leave material uncovered for more than 14 days after installation.
D. Do not use staples or pins to hold geotextiles in place where located adjacent to other geosynthetic layers that could be damaged.
E. Do not operate equipment directly on top of geotextile.
END OF SECTION
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