31 25 00 - Erosion And Sedimentation Controls.pdf

31 25 00 - EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROLS

Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 31 25 00 - 1 000598.0465

SECTION 31 25 00 - EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROLS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes:

1. Rock Construction Entrance(s).

2. Sediment Barriers.

3. Site Stabilization.

B. Related Sections:

1. Section 03 10 00 - Concrete Forming and Accessories.

2. Section 03 20 00 - Concrete Reinforcing.

3. Section 03 30 00 - Cast-In-Place Concrete.

4. Section 31 23 16 - Excavation.

5. Section 31 23 23 - Fill.

C. Description: This section of the specification shall serve as a supplement to the Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Plan for the Project.

1.2 REFERENCES

A. Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Soil and Water Conservation

1. Erosion and Sediment Control Program Manual.

B. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials:

1. AASHTO T88 - Standard Specification for Particle Size Analysis of Soils.

2. AASHTO T180 - Standard Specification for Moisture-Density Relations of Soils

Using a 4.54-kg (10-lb) Rammer and a 457-mm (18-in.) Drop.

C. American Concrete Institute:

1. ACI 301 - Specifications for Structural Concrete.

D. ASTM International:

1. ASTM C127 - Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific

Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate.

2. ASTM D698 - Standard Test Method for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of

Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-lbf/ft3 (600 kN-m/m3).

3. ASTM D1557 - Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft3 (2,700 kN-m/m3).

4. ASTM D2922 - Standard Test Method for Density of Soil and Soil-Aggregate in

Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth).

5. ASTM D3017 - Standard Test Method for Water Content of Soil and Rock in Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth).

E. Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute:

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1. PCI MNL-116S - Manual for Quality Control for Plants and Production of Precast and Prestressed Concrete Products.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Section 01 33 00 - Submittal Procedures: Requirements for submittals.

B. Product Data: Product Data: Submit data on geotextile and sediment barriers.

C. Manufacturer's Certificate: Certify Products meet or exceed specified requirements.

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Perform Work according to State of Pennsylvania’s Erosion and Sediment Control Program Manual Standards.

1.5 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

A. Section 01 61 00 - Product Requirements: Environmental conditions affecting products on site.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 ROCK AND GEOTEXTILE MATERIALS

A. Geotextile Separation Fabric:

1. Description:

a. Non-biodegradable, UV-resistant, nonwoven geotextile fabric.

b. Material: Polypropylene.

c. Edges: Selvaged or finished to prevent separation of outer material.

d. Calendar such that yarns will retain relative positions.

2. Performance and Design Criteria:

a. Minimum Unseamed Sheet Width: 15 feet.

b. Nominal Weight: 12 oz./sq. yd..

c. Minimum Sheet Thickness: 120 mils.

d. Apparent Opening Size:

1) No. 100 U.S. standard sieve size.

2) Comply with ASTM D4751.

e. Vertical Water Flow Rate:

1) 70 gpm/sq. ft., minimum average roll value.

2) Comply with ASTM D4491/D4491M.

f. Grab Tensile Strength:

1) 270 lbf, minimum average roll value.

2) Comply with ASTM D4632/D4632M.

g. Grab Tensile Elongation:

1) 50 percent, minimum average roll value.

2) Comply with ASTM D4632/D4632M.

h. Trapezoidal Tear Strength:

1) 125 lbf, minimum average roll value.

2) Comply with ASTM D4533/D4533M.

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i. Puncture Strength:

1) 100 lbf, minimum average roll value.

2) Comply with ASTM D4833/D4833M.

j. UV Resistance at 500 Hours:

1) Strength Retention: 70 percent.

2) Comply with ASTM D4355/D4355M.

2.2 AGGREGATE AND SOIL MATERIALS

A. Coarse Aggregate: As specified in Section 31 05 16.

B. Soil Backfill: Suitable backfill, as specified in Section 31 05 13.

2.3 PLANTING MATERIALS

A. Seeding and Soil Supplements: As specified in Section 32 92 19.

B. Mulch: As specified in Section 32 92 19.

C. Erosion Control Mulch Blanket:

1. Organic Mulch Material. Machine produced mat of organic, biodegradable mulch material evenly distributed and attached on one side of a photodegradable polypropylene mesh with high-strength threads conforming to the following physical properties:

a. Weight 8 ounces per square yard, minimum.

b. Mat thickness Approximately 0.125 inch to 0.6 inch.

2. Reprocessed Wood Fiber. Flexible, non-woven, biodegradable water absorbing mat of mechanically defibrated wood fibers and synthetic fibers with a photodegradable polypropylene netting laminated to one side of the mat and conforming to the following physical properties:

a. Weight 6.4 to 7.9 ounces per square yard.

b. Mat thickness 0.105 inch, minimum.

2.4 SEDIMENT BARRIERS

A. Silt Sock:

1. Provide filter sock meeting the compost filter sock requirements as shown below.

Material Type 3 mil HDPE 5 mil HDPE 5 mil HDPE

Characteristics Photo-degrada-ble

Photo-degrada-ble

Bio-degradable

Diameters 12”, 18” 12”, 18”, 24”, 32”

12”, 18”, 24”, 32”

Mesh Opening 3/8” 3/8” 3/8”

Tensile Strength 26 psi 26 psi

UV Stability % Original Strength (ASTM G-155)

23% at 1000 hr. 23% at 1000 hr. 23% at 1000 hr.

Min. Functional Longev-ity

6 months 9 months 6 months

2. Compost: well-decomposed, stable, weed-free, organic compost derived from agriculture, food, stump grindings, and yard or wood/bark organic matter sources

Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 31 25 00 - 4 000598.0465

– aerobically composted with no objectionable odors. Provide compost meeting the compost standards for compost filter socks:

a. Organic Matter Content: 80% - 100% (dry weight basis).

b. Organic Portion: Fibrous and elongated.

c. pH: 5.5 - 8.0.

d. Moisture Content: 35% - 55%.

e. Particle Size : 98% pass through 1” screen.

f. Soluble Salt Concentration: Max 5 dS/m (mmhos/cm).

B. Weighted Sediment Filter Tube:

1. Core material: washed 100% shredded rubber with metal removed.

2. Containment Material: woven, polypropylene geotextile; minimum permeability shall be equal to or greater than 0.05 cm/sec per ASTM D 4491. Minimum strength retained relative to UV exposure shall be 70% when tested per ASTM D 4355 for 500 hours.

3. Size: 9.5 or 20 inch nominal diameter, 4.5 or 10 foot nominal length.

C. Silt Fencing: Constructed of 2 inch x 2 inches x 4 feet stakes with fencing fabric stapled to stakes:

1. Grab Tensile Strength (lb): 120 per ASTM D1682.

2. Elongation at Failure (%): 20% Max. per ASTM D1682.

3. Mullen Burst Strength (psi): 200 per ASTM D 3786.

4. Trapezoidal Tear Strength (lb): 50.

5. Puncture Strength (lb): 40 per ASTM D 751 (modified).

6. Slurry Flow Rate (gal/min/sf): 0.3.

7. Equivalent Opening Size: 30 US Std. Sieve.

8. Ultraviolet Radiation Stability (%): 80 per ASTM G-26.

D. Inlet Filter Bag: Fabric shall have a minimum properties shown below:

1. Grab Tensile Strength: 450x300 lbs per ASTM D4632.

2. Grab Tensile Elongation: 40x25% per ASTM D4632.

3. Puncture Strength: 130 lbs per ASTM D4633.

4. Mullen Burst Strength: 600 psi per ASTM D3786.

5. Trapezoid Tear Strength: 165 x 150 lbs per ASTM D4533.

6. % Open Area: 28% COE-22125-86.

7. Apparent opening size: 30 US Std Seive per ASTM D4751.

8. Water Flow Rate: 250 gal/min/sq. ft. per ASTM D4491.

E. High Volume Filter Bags: Made from woven geotextiles that meet the following standards:

1. Avg. Wide Width Strength: min 60 lb/in per ASTM D-4884.

2. Grab Tensile: min 205 lb per ASTM D-4632.

3. Puncture: min 110 lb per ASTM D-4833.

4. Burst: min 350 per ASTM D-3786.

5. UV Resistance: min 70% per ASTM D-4355.

6. AOS % Retained : 80 sieve per ASTM D-4751.

Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 31 25 00 - 5 000598.0465

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Section 01 73 00 - Execution Requirements: Verification of existing conditions before starting work.

B. Verify compacted subgrade or stabilized soil is acceptable and ready to support devices and imposed loads.

C. Verify gradients and elevations of base or foundation for other work are correct.

3.2 CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE

A. Excavating to depth required, forming embankment.

B. Place geotextile over subsoils and place aggregate.

3.3 SEDIMENT BARRIERS

A. Compost Filter Socks and Weighted Sediment Filter Tubes:

1. Prepare placement area by removing all debris.

2. Place parallel to contour with both ends of the sock extended upslope at a 45 degree angle to the rest of the sock to prevent end-arounds.

3. Socks placed on earthen slopes should be anchored with stakes driven through the center of the sock or immediately downslope of the sock at intervals recommended by the manufacturer.

4. Where socks are placed on paved surfaces, concrete blocks should be used immediately downslope of the socks (at the same intervals recommended for the stakes) to help hold the sock in place.

B. Silt Fence:

1. Excavate 6 inch deep trench, minimizing the disturbance on the downslope side.

The bottom of the trench should be at level grade.

2. Drive support stakes 18 inches below the existing ground surface at 8 foot intervals.

3. Stretched and fasten the fabric to the upslope side of the support stakes.

4. Wherever reinforced silt fence is installed, the reinforcement mesh should be fastened to the stakes prior to the fabric.

5. At fabric ends, both ends should be wrapped around the support stake and stapled.

6. Anchor fencing by placing the fabric in the bottom of the trench, backfill and compact.

3.4 SITE STABILIZATION

A. Incorporate erosion control devices indicated on the Drawings into the Project at the earliest practicable time.

Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 31 25 00 - 6 000598.0465

B. Construct, stabilize and activate erosion controls before site disturbance within tributary areas of those controls.

C. Stockpile and waste pile heights shall not exceed 35 feet. Slope stockpile sides at 2: 1 or flatter.

D. Stabilize any disturbed area of affected erosion control devices on which activity has ceased and which will remain exposed for more than 20 days:

1. During non-germinating periods, apply mulch at recommended rates.

2. Stabilize disturbed areas which are not at finished grade and which will be disturbed within one year in accordance with Section 32 92 19.

3. Stabilize disturbed areas which are either at finished grade or will not be disturbed within one year in accordance with Section 32 92 19 permanent seeding specifications.

E. Stabilize diversion channels, sediment traps, and stockpiles immediately.

3.5 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Section 01 40 00 - Quality Requirements: Field inspecting, testing, adjusting, and balancing.

B. Inspect erosion control devices on a weekly basis and after each runoff event. Make necessary repairs to ensure erosion and sediment controls are in good working order.

3.6 CLEANING

A. Section 01 73 00 - Execution Requirements: Requirements for cleaning.

B. When sediment accumulation in sedimentation structures has reached a point one-third depth of sediment structure or device, remove and dispose of sediment.

C. Do not damage structure or device during cleaning operations.

D. Do not permit sediment to erode into construction or site areas or natural waterways.

E. Clean channels when depth of sediment reaches approximately one half channel depth.

3.7 PROTECTION

A. Section 01 73 00 - Execution Requirements: Requirements for protecting finished Work.

END OF SECTION