03 10 00 - Concrete Forming and Accessories.pdf
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- Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
About this file
This is a specification document for concrete forming and accessories work prepared by Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. for the Borough of Elizabethtown's sanitary sewer improvement project in Pennsylvania. The specification establishes requirements for formwork, shoring, bracing, and form accessories for cast-in-place concrete construction. The work includes providing and installing all necessary formwork materials such as plywood conforming to U.S. Product Standard PS-1, prefabricated steel or fiberglass reinforced plastic forms, form ties, release agents, chamfer strips, nails, bolts, anchorages, and waterstops. The specification mandates compliance with American Concrete Institute standards (ACI 301, 318, and 347) and applicable building codes for design, fabrication, erection, and removal of formwork. Critical requirements include maintaining proper concrete cover over reinforcement, using mortar-tight forms of sufficient strength to resist concrete placement loads, installing chamfer strips on external beam and column corners, and maintaining minimum form spacing with studs at 12 inches on center for plywood and 16 inches on center for boards. Forms must remain in place for the minimum number of days specified in ACI 347 before removal, and all formwork stripping must be completed without damaging finished concrete surfaces scheduled for exposure.
The specification emphasizes quality assurance through pre-placement inspection of formwork, shoring, and bracing by the engineer, with construction joint details and embedded item placement requiring verification before concrete is placed. Form release agents must be colorless mineral oil that will not stain concrete or impair coating characteristics, and untreated forms must be soaked with clean water prior to concrete placement. For smooth finish concrete surfaces and those receiving membrane waterproofing, forms must be constructed from steel or clean plywood with taped joints to prevent protrusions. Cold weather concrete placement requires removal of ice and snow from forms using compressed air or dry methods rather than water or de-icing salts. The specification prohibits earth forms, does not permit patching of formwork, and requires that damaged forms be discarded rather than reused. Field quality control procedures include inspection of erected formwork before reinforcing steel placement and notification of the engineer prior to concrete placement to allow formwork inspection and approval.
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Text version
03 10 00 - CONCRETE FORMING AND ACCESSORIES
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 03 10 00 - 1 000598.0465
SECTION 03 10 00 - CONCRETE FORMING AND ACCESSORIES
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY
A. Section Includes:
1. Formwork for cast-in-place concrete.
2. Shoring, bracing, and anchorage.
3. Form accessories.
4. Form stripping.
B. Related Requirements:
1. Section 03 20 00 - Concrete Reinforcing: Reinforcing steel and required supports for cast-in-place concrete.
2. Section 03 30 00 - Cast-in-Place Concrete: Cast-in-place or in-situ concrete for structural building frame, slabs-on-grade, and other concrete components associated with building.
1.2 REFERENCE STANDARDS
A. American Concrete Institute:
1. ACI 301 - Specifications for Structural Concrete.
2. ACI 318 - Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete.
3. ACI 347 - Guide to Formwork for Concrete.
1.3 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
A. Conform to applicable codes for design, fabrication, erection and removal of formwork.
1.4 COORDINATION
A. Coordinate Work of this Section with other Sections of Work in forming and placing openings, slots, reglets, recesses, sleeves, bolts, anchors, other inserts, and components of other Work.
1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Perform Work according to ACI 347, 301, and 318.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 PERFORMANCE AND DESIGN CRITERIA
A. Design, engineer, and construct formwork, shoring, and bracing according to ACI 318 to conform to applicable code requirements to achieve concrete shape, line, and dimension.
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 03 10 00 - 2 000598.0465
2.2 WOOD FORM MATERIALS
A. Plywood for Finish Concrete Exposed to View:
1. Conform to U.S. Product Standard PS-1, B-B Plywood for Concrete Forms, Class I, exterior grade, sound undamaged sheets with clean, true edges. Each piece shall bear legible inspection mark.
2. Use largest practicable sizes to minimize number of joints.
3. Provide form material with sufficient thickness to withstand pressure of newly-placed concrete without bow or deflection.
B. Plywood for Finish Concrete Not Exposed to View: Conform to U.S. Product Standard PS- 1, C plugged, exterior grade, sound sheets.
C. Lumber: Sound members of sufficient size and strength to support intended weight, straight edges for tight fit.
2.3 PREFABRICATED FORMS
A. Preformed Steel Forms: Minimum 16 gage matched, tight fitting, stiffened to support weight of concrete without deflection detrimental to tolerances and appearance of finished surfaces.
B. Glass Fiber Fabric Reinforced Plastic Forms: Matched, tight fitting, stiffened to support weight of concrete without deflection detrimental to tolerances and appearance of finished concrete surfaces.
C. Tubular Column Type:
1. Round, spirally wound laminated fiber material, surface treated with release agent, non-reusable.
2.4 FORMWORK ACCESSORIES
A. Form Ties: Removable or Snap off type, adjustable length, cone type, with waterproofing washer, free of defects that could leave holes larger than 1 1/4 inch in concrete surface.
B. Form Release Agent: Colorless mineral oil which will not stain concrete, absorb moisture, or impair natural bonding or color characteristics of coating intended for use on concrete.
C. Corners: Chamfer, rigid plastic, or wood strip type; 1 x 1 inch size; maximum possible lengths.
D. Nails, Spikes, Lag Bolts, Through Bolts, Anchorages: Sized as required, of sufficient strength and character to maintain formwork in place while placing concrete.
E. Waterstops: Polyvinyl chloride, minimum 1,750 psi tensile strength, minimum 50 degrees F to plus 175 degrees F working temperature range, 6 inch wide, 3/8-inch thick, maximum possible lengths, ribbed profile, preformed corner sections, heat welded jointing.
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 03 10 00 - 3 000598.0465
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
A. Section 01 73 00 - Execution Requirements: Requirements for installation examination.
B. Verify lines, levels, and centers before proceeding with formwork.
C. Verify that dimensions agree with the Work Order.
D. If formwork is placed after reinforcement resulting in insufficient concrete cover over reinforcement, request instructions from Architect/Engineer before proceeding.
3.2 INSTALLATION
A. Earth Forms: Not permitted.
B. Formwork:
1. Provide top form for sloped surfaces steeper than 1.5 horizontal to 1 vertical to hold shape of concrete during placement, unless it can be demonstrated that top forms can be omitted.
2. Construct forms to correct shape and dimensions, mortar-tight, braced, and of sufficient strength to maintain shape and position under imposed loads from construction operations.
3. Camber forms where necessary to produce level finished soffits unless indicated otherwise on the Work Order.
4. Positioning:
a. Carefully verify horizontal and vertical positions of forms.
b. Correct misaligned or misplaced forms before placing concrete.
5. Complete wedging and bracing before placing concrete.
6. Erect formwork, shoring, and bracing to achieve design requirements according to ACI 301.
7. Stripping:
a. Arrange and assemble formwork to permit dismantling and stripping.
b. Do not damage concrete during stripping.
c. Permit removal of remaining principal shores.
8. Obtain approval of Architect/Engineer before framing openings in structural members not indicated on the Work Order.
9. Install fillet and chamfer strips on external corners of beams, joists, columns.
10. Install void forms according to manufacturer instructions.
11. Do not patch formwork.
12. Leave forms in place for minimum number of days according to ACI 347.
C. Form Removal:
1. Do not remove forms or bracing until concrete has gained sufficient strength to carry its own weight and imposed loads, and removal has been approved by Architect/Engineer.
2. Loosen forms carefully; do not wedge pry bars, hammers, or tools against finish concrete surfaces scheduled for exposure to view.
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 03 10 00 - 4 000598.0465
3. Store removed forms in manner that surfaces to be in contact with fresh concrete will not be damaged.
4. Discard damaged forms.
5. Form Release Agent:
a. Apply according to manufacturer instructions.
b. Apply prior to placement of reinforcing steel, anchoring devices, and embedded items.
c. Do not apply form release agent if concrete surfaces are indicated to receive special finishes or applied coverings that may be affected by agent.
d. Soak inside surfaces of untreated forms with clean water, and keep surfaces coated prior to placement of concrete.
6. Form Cleaning:
a. Clean forms as erection proceeds to remove foreign matter within forms.
b. Clean formed cavities of debris prior to placing concrete.
c. Flush with water or use compressed air to remove remaining foreign matter.
d. Ensure that water and debris drain to exterior through cleanout ports.
e. Cold Weather:
1) During cold weather, remove ice and snow from within forms.
2) Do not use de-icing salts.
3) Do not use water to clean out forms, unless formwork and concrete construction proceed within heated enclosure; use compressed air or other dry method to remove foreign matter.
7. Reuse and Coating of Forms:
a. Thoroughly clean forms and reapply form coating before each reuse.
b. For exposed Work, do not reuse forms with damaged faces or edges.
c. Apply form coating to forms according to manufacturer instructions.
d. Do not coat forms for concrete indicated to receive "scored finish."
e. Apply form coatings before placing reinforcing steel.
D. Forms for Smooth Finish Concrete:
1. Use steel, plywood, or lined-board forms.
2. Use clean and smooth plywood and form liners, uniform in size, and free from surface and edge damage capable of affecting resulting concrete finish.
3. Install form lining with close-fitting square joints between separate sheets without springing into place.
4. Use full-sized sheets of form liners and plywood wherever possible.
5. Tape joints to prevent protrusions in concrete.
6. Apply forming and strip wood forms in a manner to protect corners and edges.
7. Level and continue horizontal joints.
8. Keep wood forms wet until stripped.
E. Forms for Surfaces to Receive Membrane Waterproofing:
1. Use plywood or steel forms.
2. After erection of forms, tape form joints to prevent protrusions in concrete.
F. Framing, Studding, and Bracing:
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 03 10 00 - 5 000598.0465
1. Maximum Spacing of Studs:
a. Boards: Maximum 16 inches o.c.
b. Plywood: 12 inches o.c.
2. Size framing, bracing, centering, and supporting members for sufficient strength to maintain shape and position under imposed loads from construction operations.
3. Construct beam soffits of material minimum 2 inches thick.
4. Distribute bracing loads over base area on which bracing is erected.
5. When placed on ground, protect against undermining, settlement, and accidental impact.
G. Form Anchors and Hangers:
1. Do not use anchors and hangers leaving exposed metal at concrete surface.
2. Symmetrically arrange hangers supporting forms from structural-steel members to minimize twisting or rotation of member.
3. Penetration of structural-steel members is not permitted.
H. Inserts, Embedded Parts, and Openings:
1. Install formed openings for items to be embedded in or passing through concrete
Work.
2. Locate and set in place items required to be cast directly into concrete.
I. Form Ties:
1. Provide sufficient strength and quantity to prevent spreading of forms.
2. Place ties at least 1 inch away from finished surface of concrete.
3. Leave inner rods in concrete when forms are stripped.
4. Space form ties equidistant, symmetrical, and aligned vertically and horizontally unless indicated otherwise on the Work Order.
J. Arrange formwork to allow proper erection sequence and to permit form removal without damage to concrete.
K. Construction Joints:
1. Install surfaced pouring strip where construction joints intersect on exposed surfaces to provide straight line at joints.
2. Just prior to subsequent concrete placement, remove strip and tighten forms to conceal shrinkage.
3. Appearance:
a. Show no overlapping of construction joints.
b. Construct joints to present same appearance as butted plywood joints.
4. Arrange joints in continuous line straight, true, and sharp.
L. Embedded Items:
1. Make provisions for pipes, sleeves, anchors, inserts, reglets, anchor slots, nailers, waterstops, and other features.
2. Do not embed wood or uncoated aluminum in concrete.
3. Obtain installation and setting information for embedded items furnished under other Sections.
Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc. 03 10 00 - 6 000598.0465
4. Securely anchor embedded items in correct location and alignment prior to placing concrete.
5. Ensure that conduits and pipes, including those made of coated aluminum, meet requirements of ACI 318 regarding size and location limitations.
M. Openings for Items Passing through Concrete:
1. Frame openings in concrete where indicated on the Work Order.
2. Establish exact locations, sizes, and other conditions required for openings and attachment of Work specified under other Sections.
3. Coordinate Work to avoid cutting and patching of concrete after placement.
4. Perform cutting and repairing of concrete required as result of failure to provide required openings.
N. Screeds:
1. Set screeds and establish levels for tops of and finish on concrete slabs.
2. Slope slabs to drain where required or as indicated on the Work Order.
3. Before depositing concrete, remove debris from space to be occupied by concrete and thoroughly wet forms; remove freestanding water.
O. Screed Supports:
1. For concrete over waterproof membranes and vapor retarder membranes, use cradle-, pad-, or base-type screed supports that will not puncture membrane.
2. Staking through membrane is not permitted.
P. Cleanouts and Access Panels:
1. Provide removable cleanout sections or access panels at bottoms of forms to permit inspection and effective cleaning of loose dirt, debris, and waste material.
2. Clean forms and surfaces against which concrete is to be placed.
3. Remove chips, sawdust, and other debris.
4. Thoroughly blow out forms with compressed air just before concrete is placed.
3.3 TOLERANCES
A. Construct formwork to maintain tolerances according to ACI 301.
3.4 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
A. Section 01 40 00 - Quality Requirements: Requirements for inspecting and testing.
B. Inspection:
1. Inspect erected formwork, shoring, and bracing to ensure that Work complies with formwork design and that supports, fastenings, wedges, ties, and items are secure.
2. Notify Engineer after placement of reinforcing steel in forms but prior to placing concrete.
3. Schedule concrete placement to permit formwork inspection before placing concrete.
END OF SECTION
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