31 23 23.33 - Flowable Fill.pdf

31 23 23.33 – FLOWABLE FILL

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SECTION 31 23 23.33 – FLOWABLE FILL

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes:

1. Flowable fill for:

a. Structure backfill.

b. Utility bedding.

c. Utility backfill.

B. Related Requirements:

1. Section 31 23 16 – Excavation: General building excavation.

2. Section 31 23 16.13 – Trenching: Soil and aggregate backfill for utility trenches.

3. Section 31 23 23 – Fill: Soil and aggregate backfill for structures.

4. Section 33 31 23 – Sanitary Sewerage Force Main Piping: Sanitary sewer piping and bedding from building to wet well.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

A. Utility: Any buried pipe, duct, conduit, manhole, tank, or cable.

B. Excavatable Flowable Fill: Lean cement concrete fill used where future excavation may be required, such as fill for utility trenches, bridge abutments, and culverts.

C. Non-excavatable Flowable Fill: Lean cement concrete fill used where future excavation is not anticipated, such as fill below structure foundations and filling abandoned utilities.

1.3 REFERENCE STANDARDS

A. ASTM International:

1. ASTM C33 - Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates.

2. ASTM C94/C94M - Standard Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete.

3. ASTM C150 - Standard Specification for Portland Cement.

4. ASTM C260 - Standard Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete.

5. ASTM C403/C403M - Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Concrete

Mixtures by Penetration Resistance.

6. ASTM C494/C494M - Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for

Concrete.

7. ASTM C618 - Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural

Pozzolan for Use as a Mineral Admixture in Concrete.

8. ASTM C1017/C1017M - Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Use in Producing Flowing Concrete.

9. ASTM C1040 - Standard Test Methods for Density of Unhardened and Hardened

Concrete in Place By Nuclear Methods.

10. ASTM D4832 - Standard Test Method for Preparation and Testing of Controlled

Low Strength Material (CLSM) Test Cylinders.

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B. Pennsylvania Department of Transportation

1. Publication 408 - Specifications

1.4 SUBMITTALS

A. Section 01 33 00 – Submittal Procedures: Requirements for submittals.

B. Manufacturer's Certificate: Certify that products meet or exceed specified requirements.

C. Field Quality-Control Submittals:

1. Mix Design:

a. Furnish flowable fill mix design for each specified strength.

b. Furnish separate mix designs when admixtures are require for the following:

1) Flowable fill Work during hot and cold weather.

2) Air entrained flowable fill Work.

c. Identify design mix ingredients, proportions, properties, admixtures, and tests.

2. Furnish test results to certify flowable fill mix design properties meet or exceed specified requirements.

D. Delivery Tickets:

1. Furnish duplicate delivery tickets indicating actual materials delivered to Project

Site.

E. Qualifications Statements:

1. Submit qualifications for supplier.

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Perform Work according to State of Pennsylvania Department of Transportation standards.

1.6 QUALIFICATIONS

A. Supplier:

1. Company specializing in supplying products specified in this Section with minimum three years' documented experience.

2. Product source approved by authority having jurisdiction.

1.7 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

A. Section 01 50 00 – Temporary Facilities and Controls specifies ambient condition control facilities for product storage and installation.

B. Minimum Conditions: Do not install flowable fill during inclement weather or when ambient temperature is less than 40 degrees F.

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PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 FLOWABLE FILL

A. Furnish materials according to State of Pennsylvania Department of Transportation standards.

B. Flowable Fill: Excavatable type.

2.2 MATERIALS

A. Portland Cement: ASTM C150 Type I – Normal

B. Fine Aggregates: ASTM C33.

C. Water: Clean and not detrimental to concrete.

2.3 ADMIXTURES

A. Air Entrainment: ASTM C260.

B. Chemical Admixture: ASTM C494/C494M.

C. Fly Ash: ASTM C618 Class C or F obtained from residue of electric generating plant using ground or powdered coal.

D. Plasticizing: ASTM C1017/C1017M

2.4 MIXES

A. Mix and deliver flowable fill according to ASTM C94/C94M, Option C.

B. Flowable Fill Design Mix:

1. PennDOT Type A or B

C. Provide water content in design mix to produce self-leveling, flowable fill material at time of placement.

D. Design mix air entrainment and unit mass are for laboratory design mix and source quality control only.

2.5 SOURCE QUALITY CONTROL

A. Section 01 40 00 – Quality Requirements: Testing, inspection and analysis requirements.

B. Test and analyze properties of flowable fill design mix and certify results for the following:

1. Design mix proportions by weight of each material.

2. Aggregate: ASTM C33 for material properties and gradation.

3. Properties of plastic flowable fill design mix including:

a. Temperature.

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b. Slump.

c. Air entrainment.

d. Wet unit mass.

e. Yield.

f. Cement factor.

4. Properties of hardened flowable fill design mix including:

a. Compressive strength at 1 day, 7 days, and 28 days. Report compressive strength of each specimen and average specimen compressive strength.

b. Unit mass for each specimen and average specimen unit mass at time of compressive strength testing.

C. Prepare delivery tickets containing the following information:

1. Project designation.

2. Date.

3. Time.

4. Class and quantity of flowable fill.

5. Actual batch proportions.

6. Free moisture content of aggregate.

7. Quantity of water withheld.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Section 01 73 00 – Execution Requirements: Verification of existing conditions before starting Work.

B. Verify excavation specified in Section 31 23 16 and trenching specified in Section 31 23 16.13 is complete.

C. Verify utility installation as specified in Section is complete and tested before placing flowable fill.

D. Verify excavation is dry and dewatering system is operating.

3.2 PREPARATION

A. Section 01 73 00 – Execution Requirements: Requirements for installation preparation.

B. Support and restrain utilities to prevent movement and flotation during installation of flowable fill.

C. Protect structures and utilities from damage caused by hydraulic pressure of flowable fill before fill hardens.

D. Protect utilities to prevent intrusion of flowable fill.

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3.3 INSTALLATION - FILL, BEDDING, AND BACKFILL

A. Place flowable fill by chute, pumping or other methods approved by Engineer.

1. When required, place flowable fill under water using tremie procedure.

2. Do not place flowable fill through flowing water.

B. Place flowable fill in lifts to prevent lateral pressures from exceeding structural capacity of structures and utilities.

C. Place flowable fill evenly on both sides of utilities to maintain alignment.

D. Place flowable fill to elevations indicated on Drawings without vibration or other means of compaction.

3.4 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Section 01 40 00 – Quality Requirements: Requirements for inspecting and testing.

B. Perform inspection and testing according to ASTM C94/C94M.

1. Take samples for tests for every 150 cu yd of flowable fill, or fraction thereof, installed each day.

2. Sample, prepare and test four compressive strength test cylinders according to

ASTM D4832. Test one specimen at 3 days, one at 7 days, and two at 28 days.

3. Measure temperature at point of delivery when samples are prepared.

C. Perform in place penetration (density) tests using hand held penetrometer to measure penetration resistance of hardened flowable fill according to ASTM C403.

1. Perform tests at locations as directed by Engineer.

D. Defective Flowable Fill: Fill failing to meet the following test requirements or fill delivered without the following documentation.

1. Test Requirements:

a. Minimum temperature at point of delivery.

b. Compressive strength requirements for each type of fill.

2. Documentation: Duplicate delivery tickets.

3.5 CLEANING

A. Section 01 73 00 – Execution Requirements: Requirements for cleaning.

B. Remove spilled and excess flowable fill from Project Site.

C. Restore facilities and Site areas damaged or contaminated by flowable fill installation to existing condition before installation.

END OF SECTION 31 23 23.33