SECTION_31_23_23.13_Backfilling_for_Structures.docx
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- W911S6-17-B-0001
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SECTION 31 23 23.13 BACKFILLING FOR STRUCTURES
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SECTOIN 31 23 23.13
SECTION 31 23 23.13
BACKFILLING FOR STRUCTURES
| PART 1 | GENERAL |
| 1.1 | SECTION INCLUDES |
| A. | Structural backfill materials. |
| B. | Structural backfilling requirements. |
| 1.2 | SUBMITTALS |
| A. | Submit maximum laboratory dry density and optimum laboratory moisture content for: |
| 1. | Subgrade material, and |
| 2. | Each type of fill to be used. |
| B. | Upon COR's request, submit a written quality control Inspections and testing report describing source and field quality control activities performed by Contractor and its Supplier. |
| 1.3 | QUALITY ASSURANCE |
| A. | Do not change material sources, or aggregate without COR's knowledge. |
| B. | Reject backfill material that does not comply with requirements specified in this section. |
| 1.4 | STORAGE |
| A. | Safely stockpile backfill materials. |
| B. | Separate differing materials, prevent mixing, and maintain optimum moisture content of backfill materials. |
| C. | Avoid displacement of and injury to Work while compacting or operating equipment. |
| D. | Movement of construction machinery over Work at any stage of construction is solely at CONTRACTOR's risk. |
| 1.5 | SITE CONDITIONS |
| A. | Do not place, spread, or roll any backfill material over material that is damaged by water. Remove and replace damaged material at no additional cost to Governmenet. |
| B. | Control traffic and erosion. Keep area free of trash and debris. Repair settled, eroded, and rutted areas. |
| C. | Reshape and compact damaged structural section to required density. |
| 1.6 | ACCEPTANCE |
| A. | General: |
| 1. | Native material may be wasted if there is no additional cost to substitute material acceptable to COR. |
| 2. | For material acceptance refer to. |
| a. | Common fill, Section 31 05 13. |
| b. | Crushed aggregate base, Section 32 11 23. |
| c. | Cement treated fill, Section 31 05 15. |
| B. | Structure Backfilling: One test per Lot. |
Table 1: Lot Size for Structural Backfilling Operations
| Structure Type |
| Test Criteria |
| Lot Size |
| Strip Footings |
| Standard (a) |
| Subgrade: 200 lineal feet |
| Modified (a) |
| Crushed aggregate base: 200 lineal feet per lift. |
| Structure Footing excluding strip footings |
| Standard (a) |
| Subgrade: 225 square feet. |
| Modified (a) |
| Crushed aggregate base: Each 225 square feet per lift |
| Embankments |
| Standard (a) |
| Fill: 625 square feet per lift |
| Miscellaneous small structures e.g. Manholes, drainage boxes, etc.) |
| Standard (a) |
| Subgrade: Each footprint area |
Fill: Each lift
| Modified (a) |
| Crushed aggregate base: Each lift |
NOTES
(a) Proctor density, Section 31 23 26
(b) Lift thickness before compaction is 8 inches.
| 1.7 | WARRANTY |
| A. | Restore incidentals damaged by settlement at no additional cost to Government. |
| PART | PRODUCTS |
| 2.1 | BACKFILL MATERIALS |
| A. | Common fill, Section 31 05 13. |
| B. | Crushed aggregate base, Section 32 11 23. |
| C. | Cement treated fill, Section 31 05 15. |
| 2.2 | ACCESSORIES |
| A. | Water: |
| 1. | Make arrangements for sources of water during construction and make arrangements for delivery of water to site. |
| 2. | Comply with local Laws and Regulations at no additional cost to OWNER when securing water from water utility company. |
| PART 3 | EXECUTION |
| 3.1 | PREPARATION |
| A. | Verify: |
| 1. | Stockpiled fill meets gradation requirements. |
| 2. | Foundation walls are braced to support surcharge forces imposed by backfilling operations, areas to be backfilled are free of debris, snow, ice or water. |
| 3. | Ground surface is not frozen. |
| B. | If subgrade is not readily compactable secure written authorization for extra excavation and backfill, Section 31 23 16. |
| C. | Identify required line, levels, contours, and datum. |
| D. | Stake and flag locations of underground utilities. |
| E. | Upon discovery of unknown utility or concealed conditions, notify COR. |
| 3.2 | PROTECTION |
| A. | Protect existing trees, shrubs, lawns, existing structures, fences, roads, sidewalks, paving, curb and gutter and other features. |
| B. | Protect above or below grade utilities. Contact utility companies to repair damage to utilities. Pay all cost of repairs. |
| C. | Protect Subgrade from desiccation, flooding and freezing. |
| D. | Do not fill adjacent to structures until Excavation is checked by COR. |
| E. | Do not use compaction equipment adjacent to walls or retaining walls that may cause wall to become over-stressed or moved from alignment. |
| F. | Do not disturb or damage foundation perimeter drainage, foundation, damp-proofing, foundation waterproofing and protective cover, or utilities in Trenches. |
| G. | Restore any damaged structure to its original strength and condition. |
| 3.3 | LAYOUT |
| A. | Maintain all benchmarks, control monuments and stakes, whether newly established by surveyor or previously existing. Protect from damage and dislocation. |
| B. | If discrepancy is found between Contract Documents and site, COR shall make such minor adjustments in the Work as necessary to accomplish the intent of Contract Documents without increasing the Cost of the Work to Contractor or Government. |
| 3.4 | FOUNDATIONS AND SLABS ON GRADE |
| A. | Place backfill materials in lifts not exceeding 8 inches after compaction. |
| B. | Do not backfill against walls until concrete has obtained 14 day strength. Backfill against foundation walls simultaneously on each side. |
| C. | Fill unauthorized excavations with material acceptable to COR at no additional cost to Government. |
| D. | Do not damage adjacent structures or service lines. |
| E. | Where flowable fill is used, use fill that flows easily and vibration for compaction is not required. |
| 3.5 | MODIFIED BACKFILL LAYER METHOD |
| A. | Refer to Section 33 05 20. |
| 3.6 | COMPACTION |
| A. | Compact backfill; Section 33 05 05 to the following maximum dry densities. |
| 1. | Under Footings: 98 percent. |
| 2. | Interior Crawl Spaces: 90 percent. |
| 3. | Interior Slab-On-Grade: 98 percent. |
| 4. | Side of Foundation Walls and Retaining Walls: |
| a. | Exterior: 95 percent. |
| b. | Interior: 98 percent. |
| 5. | Miscellaneous Structures: 95 percent. |
| 3.7 | CLEANING |
| A. | Remove stockpiles from the site. Grade site surface to prevent free standing surface water. |
| B. | Leave borrow areas clean and neat. |
END OF SECTION
BACKFILLING FOR STRUCTURES Page 1
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