SECTION_03_11_00_Concrete_Forming.docx
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SECTION 03 11 00 CONCRETE FORMING
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SECTION 03 11 00
SECTION 03 11 00
CONCRETE FORMING
PART 1 GENERAL
| 1.1 | SECTION INCLUDES |
| A. | Formwork for cast-in-place concrete. |
| B. | Openings in formwork for other affected work. |
| C. | Form accessories such as snap ties, bracing, etc. |
| D. | Stripping formwork. |
| 1.2 | REFERENCES |
A.ACI 347: Recommended Practice for Concrete Formwork.
| 1.3 | DEFINITIONS |
| A. | Shoring: The activity to support formwork. |
| B. | Reshoring: The activity to reduce the amount of formwork supporting concrete elements. As concrete sets and strength increases, less need for formwork occurs gradually until concrete becomes free standing. |
| 1.4 | SUBMITTALS |
| A. | Shop Drawings: Fabrication and erection drawings of forms for specific finished concrete surfaces, as indicated. Show general construction of forms, jointing, special joints or reveals, location and pattern of form tie placement, and other items affecting exposed concrete visibility. |
| B. | Form Release Agent: Where concrete surfaces are scheduled to receive special finishes or applied coverings which may be affected by agent submit manufacturer's instructions for use of agent. |
| 1.5 | QUALITY ASSURANCE |
| A. | Designer's Qualifications: Structural professional engineer who complies with Utah licensing law, has experience in concrete formwork, and is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction. |
| B. | Design Forms: |
| 1. | With sufficient strength to maintain finished tolerances indicated in Section 03 35 00, to support loads, pressures, and allowable stresses as outlined in ACI 347 and for design considerations such as wind loads, allowable stresses, and other applicable requirements of local Laws and Regulations. |
| 2. | To permit easy removal. |
| 3. | For required finishes. |
| C. | The design, engineering, and construction of formwork is Contractor's responsibility. |
| 1.6 | JOB CONDITIONS |
| A. | For reference purposes, establish and maintain sufficient control points and bench marks to check tolerances. Maintain in an undisturbed condition and until final completion and acceptance of Work. |
| B. | Regardless of tolerances specified, allow no portion of Work to extend beyond legal boundaries. |
| 1.7 | FIELD SAMPLES |
| A. | Prepare field samples and submit per Section 01 33 00. |
| B. | Construct and erect sample formwork panel for architectural concrete surfaces receiving special treatment or finish as a result of formwork. Formwork to include vertical and horizontal form joints and typical rustication joints when required. |
| C. | Size panel to indicate special treatment or finish required, including form release agent. |
| D. | Remove formwork after casting concrete. |
| 1.8 | ACCEPTANCE |
| A. | Secure ENGINEER's inspection of form layout for concrete flat work. |
| PART 2 | PRODUCTS |
| 2.1 | FORM MATERIALS |
| A. | Faced with material which will produce smooth and uniform texture on concrete, unless indicated otherwise. |
| B. | Arrange facing material orderly and symmetrical, keeping number of seams to a minimum. |
| C. | Do not use material with raised grain, patches, or other defects which will impair texture of concrete surface. |
| 2.2 | FORMWORK ACCESSORIES |
| A. | Form Ties: |
| 1. | Use ties constructed so that end fasteners can be removed without spalling concrete faces. |
| 2. | After end fasteners of ties have been removed, embedded portion of ties are to terminate not less than 2 times the diameter or thickness of the fasteners from formed faces of concrete, but in no case greater than 3/4 inch. |
| 3. | When the formed face on concrete is not exposed, form ties may be cut off flush with formed surfaces. Use ties with 3/4 inch diameter cones on both ends or an approved equal for water retaining structures. |
| B. | Premolded Expansion Joint Filler: Unless indicated otherwise, provide Type F1, Section 32 13 73. |
| C. | Form Release Agent: Colorless material which will not stain concrete, absorb moisture, impair natural bonding or color characteristics of concrete. To prevent contamination, agents used on potable water structures are subject to review by COR prior to use. |
| D. | Fillets for Chamfered Corners: Wood strips 1 inch x 1 inch size, maximum length possible. |
| PART 3 | EXECUTION |
| 3.1 | INSPECTION |
| A. | Verify lines, levels, and measurements before proceeding with formwork. |
| 3.2 | FORM CONSTRUCTION |
| A. | Make forms sufficiently tight to prevent loss of concrete. |
| B. | Unless indicated otherwise, place chamfer strips in corners of forms to produce beveled edges on permanently exposed exterior corners. |
| C. | To maintain specified finish tolerances, camber formwork to compensate for anticipated deflections. |
| D. | Provide positive means of adjustment using wedges, jacks, Shores, and struts to take up all settlement during concrete placing operation. |
| E. | Provide temporary ports in formwork to facilitate cleaning and Inspection. Locate openings at bottom of forms to allow flushing water to drain. |
| F. | At construction joints, overlap forms over hardened concrete at least 6 inches. Hold forms against hardened concrete to prevent offsets or loss of mortar at construction joint and to maintain true surface. |
| G. | Construct wood forms for wall openings to facilitate loosening, or counteract swelling. |
| H. | Fasten wedges used for final adjustment of forms prior to concrete placement in position after final check. |
| I. | Anchor formwork to Shores, supporting surfaces or members to prevent upward or lateral movement and deflection of any part of formwork system during concrete placement. |
| J. | Provide runways for moving equipment with struts or legs, supported directly on formwork or structural member without resting on reinforcing. |
| K. | Position expansion joint material and other embedded items accurately and support to prevent displacement. |
| L. | To prevent entry of concrete, fill voids in sleeves, inserts, and anchor slots temporarily with readily removable material. |
| M. | For architectural concrete, limit deflection of facing materials between studs as well as deflection of studs and walers to 0.0025 times span. |
| N. | For underground concrete work, do not use soil walls for forming unless authorized by ENGINEER. |
| 3.3 | INSERTS, EMBEDDED PARTS, AND OPENINGS |
| A. | Provide formed openings for elements embedded in or passing through concrete. |
| B. | Coordinate work of other sections for the forming and setting of openings, slots, recesses, chases, sleeves, bolts, anchors, and other inserts. |
| C. | Install accessories per manufacturer's instructions. Ensure items are not disturbed during concrete placement. |
| 3.4 | FORM FINISHES |
| A. | Use forms with smooth rubbed, scrubbed, sand floated finishes that meet ACI 347 unless indicated otherwise. |
| B. | For As-cast Finishes: |
| 1. | Install form panels in orderly arrangement with joints planned in approved relation to building elements. |
| 2. | Where panel joints are recessed or otherwise emphasized, locate form ties within joints, not within panel areas. |
| 3. | Where an as-cast finish is required, no grouting will be permitted in the finishing operation. |
| C. | Textured Finishes: As indicated. |
| 3.5 | APPLICATION OF FORM RELEASE AGENT |
| A. | Apply form release agent on formwork per manufacturer's instructions. Apply prior to placing reinforcing steel, anchoring devices, and embedded items. |
| 3.6 | FORM REMOVAL |
| A. | Do not pry against face of concrete. Use only wooden wedges. |
| B. | When repair of surface defects or finishing is required at an early age, remove forms as soon as concrete has hardened sufficiently to resist damage from removal operations. |
| C. | Remove top forms on sloping surfaces of concrete as soon as concrete has attained sufficient stiffness to prevent sagging. Perform needed repairs or treatment required on such sloping surfaces at once, followed by specified curing. |
| D. | Loosen wood forms for wall openings as soon as it can be accomplished without damage to concrete. |
| E. | Formwork for columns, walls, sides of beams, and other members not supporting the weight of concrete may be removed as soon as the concrete has hardened sufficiently to resist damage from removal. |
| F. | Where no Reshoring is planned, leave forms and Shoring used to support weight of concrete in beams, slabs, and other concrete members in place until concrete has attained its specified strength. |
| G. | Where Reshoring is planned, supporting formwork may be removed when concrete has reached 70 percent of specified strength, provided Reshoring is installed immediately. |
| H. | When Shores and other vertical supports are so arranged that non-load carrying, form-facing material may be removed without loosening or disturbing Shores and supports, facing material may be removed at an earlier age as directed. |
| 3.7 | RESHORING |
| A. | When Reshoring is permitted or required, plan operations in advance and obtain approval. |
| B. | During Reshoring do not subject concrete in beam, slab, column, or any other structural member to combined dead and construction loads and live loads in excess of loads permitted for developed concrete strength at time of Reshoring. |
| C. | Place Reshores as soon as practical after stripping operations are complete, but in no case later than end of working day on which stripping occurs. |
| D. | Tighten Reshores to carry required loads without over-stressing. |
| E. | Leave Reshores in place until the concrete being supported has reached its specified strength. |
| F. | For floors supporting Shores under newly placed concrete, level original supporting Shore or Reshore. |
| 1. | Reshoring system shall have a capacity to resist anticipated loads in all cases equal to at least 1/2 the capacity of the Shoring system. |
| 2. | Unless otherwise specified locate Reshores directly under a Shore. |
| 3. | In multistory buildings, extend Reshoring through a sufficient number of stories to distribute the weight of newly placed concrete, forms, and construction live loads in such a manner that design loads of floors and supporting Shores are not exceeded. |
| G. | Design, engineering, and construction of Shoring and Reshoring is the responsibility of the CONTRACTOR. |
| 3.8 | REMOVAL STRENGTH |
| A. | When removal of formwork or Reshoring is based on concrete reaching a specified strength, it shall be assumed that concrete has reached this strength when either of the following conditions has been met: |
| 1. | When test cylinders, field cured along with the concrete they represent, have reached the specified strength. |
| 2. | When concrete has been cured per Section 03 39 00 for the same length of time as the site-cured cylinders that reached specified strength. Determine the length of time the concrete has been cured in the structure by cumulative number of days or fractions thereof, not necessarily consecutive, during which the air temperature is above 50 deg. F. and concrete has been damp or sealed from evaporation and loss of moisture. |
| 3.9 | REUSE OF FORMS |
| A. | Do not reuse forms if there is any evidence of surface wear or defect which would impair quality of concrete surface. |
| B. | Thoroughly clean and properly coat forms before reuse. |
| 3.10 | FIELD QUALITY CONTROL |
| A. | Before commencing a pour, verify connections, form alignment, ties, inserts and Shoring are placed and secure. |
| B. | Observe formwork continuously while concrete is being placed to verify that the forms are plumb and there are no deviations from desired elevation, alignment, or camber. |
| C. | If during construction any weakness develops and false-work shows undue settlement or discoloration, stop work, remove affected construction if permanently damaged, and strengthen false-work. |
END OF SECTION
CONCRETE FORMING Page 6
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