Section_32_11_23_Untreated_Aggregate_Base_Course.docx
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SECTION 32 11 23 UNTREATED AGGREGATE BASE COURSE (UTBC)
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SECTION 32 11 23
SECTION 32 11 23
UNTREATED AGGREGATE BASE COURSE (UTBC)
PART 1 GENERAL
| 1.1 | SECTION INCLUDES |
| A. | Production, construction, and compaction of UTBC used for pavements, shoulders, and incidental construction. |
| 1.2 | REFERENCES |
| A. | AASHTO T 11: Materials Finer than 75-m (No. 200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing |
| B. | AASHTO T 19: Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”) and Voids in Aggregate |
| C. | AASHTO T 27: Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates |
| D. | AASHTO T 89: Determining the Liquid Limit of Soils |
| E. | AASHTO T 90: Determining the Plastic Limit and Plasticity Index of Soils |
| F. | AASHTO T 96: Resistance to Degradation of Small-Sized Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine |
| G. | AASHTO T 180: Moisture-Density Relations of Soils Using a 4.54 kg (10 lb) Rammer and 457 mm (18 in) Drop |
| H. | AASHTO T 193: The California Bearing Ratio |
| I. | AASHTO T 255: Total Evaporable Moisture Content of Aggregate by Drying |
| J. | AASHTO TP 61: Determining the Percent of Fracture in Coarse Aggregate |
| K. | UDOT Minimum Sampling and Testing Requirements |
| 1.3 | SUBMITTALS |
| A. | Submit a written report for approval for each aggregate class and source, a minimum of seven days prior to placement. Include the following: |
| 1. | Aggregate suitability. Refer to this Section, Part 2, Products. |
| 2. | Name of supplier and location of source. |
| 3. | Maximum Dry Density and Optimum Moisture Content. Refer to AASHTO T 180, Method D. |
| 4. | Job mix gradation including single values for each sieve size, No. 4 and finer, within the gradation limits of Table 3. |
| 1.4 | ACCEPTANCE |
| A. | General: |
| 1. | COR is not obligated to accept changes in gradation target after any material is delivered to site. |
2. Observation of CONTRACTOR’s field quality control testing does not constitute acceptance. Such testing; however, may be used by COR for acceptance if the following conditions are met.
a. COR accepts qualifications of CONTRACTOR’s testing agency.
b. CONTRACTOR has a quality control plan similar to AASHTO R 9.
c. Test results are submitted promptly.
d. Acceptance criteria are met.
| B. | Gradation: Lot size is 500 cubic yards. Collect samples from grade prior to compaction. Conduct at least one test for each lot. Material not within tolerance may remain in-place at COR’s discretion provided density requirements are met. Tolerance deficiency must be corrected before placement continues. |
| C. | Relative Density: Lot size is 10,000 cubic yards. Conduct at least 1 laboratory determination to be used as a standard for field density and field moisture content determinations. |
| D. | Field Density: |
| 1. | Lot size is one days’ placement. Number of density tests varies according to placement type and sub-lot size. Conduct at least 1 field determination in each sub-lot. Select test locations randomly. |
Table 1: Placement Type and Sublot Size
Placement Type I:
Pavement (includes curb, gutter, and waterways)
1,000 square yards
Placement Type II:
Sidewalk Driveways, Pedestrian Access Ramps, Flatwork
400 lineal feet 800 square feet
Placement Type III:
Landscape and other non-structural, non-load bearing areas
2,000 square yards
| E. | Class A aggregate, Table2: Pavement Section includes placement for Curb, Curb and Gutter, and Waterways. |
| 1. | The Contractor takes random samples from the grade and tests for moisture, gradation, and laboratory density, and performs In-place Density determinations. |
| 2. | Meet gradation limits and applicable tolerances of Table 3 for each gradation test. Each sublot will be evaluated separately and not averaged with other sublots. |
| 3. | Meet minimum density test average of 97 percent of maximum laboratory density with no test less than 94 percent. |
| F. | Class B aggregate, Table 2: Incidental includes placement for Driveways, Pedestrian Access Ramps, Sidewalk, Flatwork, and other similar items of work. |
| 1. | The Contractor takes random samples from the grade and tests for moisture, gradation, and laboratory density, and performs In-place Density determinations. |
| 2. | Meet gradation limits and applicable tolerances of Table 3 for each gradation test. Each sublot will be evaluated separately and not averaged with other sublots. |
| 3. | Meet minimum density test average of 95 percent of maximum laboratory density with no test less than 92 percent. |
| G. | Class C aggregate, Table 2: Shoulder |
| 2. | Adjust moisture content prior to compaction. |
| H. | Class D aggregate, Table 2: Pipe Trench backfill. |
| 1. | The Contractor takes random samples from the grade and tests for moisture, gradation, and laboratory density, and performs In-place Density determinations. |
| 2. | Unless otherwise specified by the pipe manufacturer, meet the following requirements: |
| a. | Gradation limits for 3/4" aggregate and applicable tolerances of Table 3 for each gradation test. Each sub-lot will be evaluated separately and not averaged with other sub-lots. |
| b. | Minimum density test average of 95 percent of maximum laboratory density with no test less than 92 percent. |
| I. | Correct material that does not meet the specified criteria by scarifying, placing additional material, re-mixing, reshaping and re-compacting when directed by the COR. Rework unacceptable material at no additional cost to the Government. |
| J. | Do not place additional material on any unaccepted layer. |
| K. | Remove products found defective after placement and replace with acceptable products at no additional cost to the Government when directed by the COR. |
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 AGGREGATES
A. Well-graded, clean, hard, tough, durable and sound mineral aggregates consisting of crushed stone, crushed gravel or crushed slag; free of organic matter and contamination from chemical or petroleum products; meeting the requirements of Table 2.
Table 2: Aggregate Properties
Physical Property Aggregate Class
| A |
| B |
| C |
| AASHTO Test |
D ASTM Test
| Dry Rodded Unit Weight |
| Not less than 75 lb/ft3 |
| T 19 |
| Not less than 75 lb/ft3 |
| C 29 |
| Liquid Limit/ Plastic Index |
| LL 25/Non-plastic |
| LL 25/ PI 6 |
| T 89 |
| LL 25/ PI 6 |
| D 4318 |
| Aggregate Wear |
| Not to exceed 50 % |
| T 96 |
| Not to exceed 50 % |
| C 131 |
| Gradation |
| Table 3 |
| T 11 |
T 27
| Table 3 |
| C 136 |
| CBR with a 10 lb surcharge measured at 0.20 inch penetration |
| 70% Min |
| 40% Min |
| T 193 |
70% Min D 1883
| Two Fractured Faces |
| 90 % Min |
| 50% Min |
| 50% Min |
| TP 61 |
| 50 % Min |
| D 5821 |
NOTES:
(a) Liquid limit, plastic limit: Passing No. 40 sieve.
(b) Wear: Retained on No. 8 sieve.
(c) CBR: Use a 10 lb surcharge measured at 0.20 inch penetration at 95 percent of modified Proctor.
(d) Faces: Retained on No. 4 sieve.
B. Establish the job mix (target) gradation for the 3/4 inch sieve and finer within the gradation limits. The Job Mix Gradation Tolerance is the allowable deviation from the job mix (target) gradation on the applicable sieves. All other percents passing will be within the gradation limits. Refer to AASHTO T 11 and AASHTO T 27.
Table 3: Gradation Limits
Sieve Size Gradation Target Band
1-1/2” Gradation Tolerance
1" Gradation Tolerance
3/4" Gradation Tolerance
1½ inch 1 inch ¾ inch ½ inch ⅜ inch No. 4 No. 16 No. 200
90 - 100 70 - 85 65 – 80 55 - 75 40 - 65 25 - 40 7 - 11
±9.0 ±9.0 ±9.0 ±7.0 ±5.0 ±3.0
79 – 91 49 – 61 27 – 35 7 – 11
±9.0 ±7.0 ±5.0 ±3.0
78 – 92 55 – 67 28 – 38 7 – 11
±9.0 ±7.0 ±5.0 ±3.0
Percent passing based on total aggregate (dry weight), and fine and coarse aggregate having approximately the same bulk specific gravities.
PART 3 EXECUTION
| 3.1 | INSTALLATION |
| A. | Mixing: Provide moisture content of ± 2 percent of optimum at the time of placement. Refer to AASHTO T 180, Method D and AASHTO T 255. |
| B. | Procedures for changing the Job-Mix Gradation |
| 1. | Submit changes in writing 48 hours prior to placement for approval by the COR. |
| C. | Placing: Place in layers of uniform thickness and compact each layer to a thickness not to exceed a 6 inch depth. Do not place on any frozen surface. |
| D. | Finishing: Uniform line and grade with surface deviations no more than ⅜ inch in 10 ft in any direction. |
| 1. | Profile Tolerance: Correct any profile deviations greater than ⅜ inch at no additional cost to the Government. |
| a. | Rework minimum of 4-inch lift to achieve homogeneous density. |
| b. | Determine limits of correction based on extent of deviation. |
| c. | Continue finishing until existing deviation is less than ⅜ inch. |
| E. | Compaction: Maintain optimum moisture content ± 2 percent. |
| 1. | Use appropriate compaction equipment adjacent to abutments, backwalls, approach slabs, wing walls, retaining walls, and other structures. |
| 2. | 95 percent minimum unless otherwise indicated on the plans or directed by the COR. |
END OF SECTION
UNTREATED AGGREGATE BASE COURSE Page 5
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