Section_31_05_19.13_Geotextiles.doc

SECTION 31 05 19.13

SECTION 31 05 19.13

GEOTEXTILES

PART 1

GENERAL

1.1 SECTION INCLUDES

A. Materials and procedures for installing geotextiles of the types shown on the drawings.

1.2

REFERENCES

A. AASHTO M 288: Geotextile Specifications for Highway Applications

B. ASTM D 276: Standard Test Methods for Identification of Fibers in Textiles.

C. ASTM D 3786: Standard Test Methods for Hydraulic Bursting Strength of Knitted Goods and Nonwoven Fabrics – Diaphragm Bursting Strength Tester Method.

D. ASTM D 4354: Standard Practice for Sampling of Geotextiles for Testing.

E. ASTM D 4355: Standard Test Method for Deterioration of Geotextiles from Exposure to Ultraviolet Light and Water (Xenon – Arc Type Apparatus).

F. ASTM D 4491: Standard Test Methods for Water Permeability of Geotextiles by Permittivity.

G. ASTM D 433: Standard Test Method for Trapezoid Tearing Strength of Geotextiles.

H. ASTM D 4354: Standard Practice for Sampling of Geotextiles for Testing.

I. ASTM D 4355: Standard Test Method for Deterioration of Geotextiles from Exposure to Ultraviolet Light and Water (Xenon - Arc Type Apparatus).

J.

ASTM D 4491: Standard Test Methods for Water Permeability of Geotextiles by Permittivity.

K.

ASTM D 4533: Standard Test Method for Trapezoid Tearing Strength of Geotextiles.

L. ASTM D 4632: Standard Test Method for Breaking Load and Elongation of Geotextiles (Grab Method).

M. ASTM D 4751: Standard Test Method for Determining Apparent Opening Size for a Geotextile.

N. ASTM D 4759: Standard Practice for Determining Specification Conformance of Geosynthetics.

O. ASTM D 4833: Standard Test Method for Index Puncture Resistance of Geotextiles, Geomembranes, and Related Products.

P. ASTM D 4873: Standard Guide for Identification, Storage, and Handling of Geotextiles.

Q.

ASTM D 882: Standard Test Methods for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheeting.

R.

ASTM E 96: Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Materials.

S.

ASTM E 154: Standard Methods of Testing Materials for Use as Vapor Barriers Under Concrete Slabs and as Ground Cover in Crawl Spaces.

1.3

SUBMITTALS

A.

Submit prior to use: Manufacturer’s certificate that each fabric complies with requirements of this Section.

1.4

DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING

A. Protect the geotextile from direct sunlight, temperature greater than 140 deg F, chemicals, mud, dirt and debris during shipment and storage. Replace at the Contractor’s sole expense, any geotextile damaged or deteriorated during shipping, storage or construction.

B.

Labeling and Tagging:

1.

Identify each package by a tag or label securely affixed to the outside of the roll on at least one end.

2.

Provide the following required information on the tag:

a.

Name of the geotextile manufacturer b.

Brand name of the product, width, length, and package weight of geotextile c.

Orange UDOT Certification sticker 1.5

SAMPLING AND TESTING

A. Test each individual lot of geotextile prior to shipment and send testing reports with the shipment to the job site. Clearly label all rolls as part of the same production run and certify they meet all material requirements.

1.6

ACCEPTANCE

A.

Geotextile is rejected at installation if it has defects, rips, holes, flaws, deterioration, or damage incurred during manufacture, transport, handling, or storage.

PART 2

PRODUCTS

2.1

GEOTEXTILE - GENERAL

A. Fabric consists of synthetic fibers at least 85 percent by weight of polyolefins, polyesters or polyamides.

B. Resistant to chemical attack, rot and mildew.

C. No tears or defects that will adversely alter fabric’s physical properties.

D.

All numerical values represent minimum average roll values in the weaker principal direction.

2.2

SEPARATION GEOTEXTILES

A.

Furnish Class I fabric as specified in AASHTO M 288, with Apparent Opening Size of 0.60 mm maximum average roll value.

2.3

STABILIZATION GEOTEXTILE

A.

Furnish Class I fabric as specified in AASHTO M 288 with Apparent Opening Size of 0.43 mm maximum average roll value.

2.4

SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE GEOTEXTILE

Furnish non-woven drainage geotextile as specified in AASHTO M 288 with in‑situ soil designations as shown on the drawings or as indicated by the COR.

B.

Notify COR if soil conditions are different than shown on the drawings.

2.5

ASPHALT OVERLAY FABRIC

A.

Use needle-punched non-woven fabric constructed exclusively of manmade polymeric fibers.

1.

Resistant to rotting, mildew, insects, chemicals and ultraviolet (UV) light.

2.

Meet the following additional minimum average roll requirements when sampled and tested with the methods specified.

3.

Refer to AASHTO M 288, Table 7.

PART 3

EXECUTION

3.1

GENERAL

Place geotextile on areas that are smooth, and free of projections or depressions. Do not drag the geotextile across the subgrade. Roll geotextile out as smoothly as possible in the direction of vehicle travel.

Do not operate construction equipment or traffic directly on geotextile.

C.

Cover the geotextile with indicated cover material as soon as possible when placed for construction. Do not leave uncovered for more than five days.

D.

Place cover material on the geotextile in a manner that the geotextile is not torn, punctured, or shifted. Use a minimum 6 inches thick cover layer, or twice the maximum aggregate size, whichever is thicker. Do not end-dump cover material directly on the geotextile except as a starter course.

E.

Limit construction vehicles in size and mass so rutting in the initial layer above the geotextile is not more than 3 inches deep or half the layer thickness, whichever is the lesser. Do not turning vehicles on the first layer.

3.2

ROADWAY PAVING FABRICS

A.

Preparing Asphalt Concrete Surface:

1.

Brush road surface clean of debris, dust and gravel. Remove all water from surface and allow to dry.

2.

Patch holes and level any uneven areas with asphalt concrete.

3.

Fill cracks between 1/8 inch to 1/2 inch with asphalt cement. Allow cement to cure prior to geotextile placement.

4.

Clean cracks larger than 1/2 inch to a depth of 3 inches and fill with asphalt concrete. Where Pavement is severely cracked, rutted, deformed or distressed, secure approval for providing an asphalt concrete leveling course prior to geotextile placement.

Tacking Asphalt Surface for Pavement Fabric: Use tack asphalt recommended by fabric manufacturer. Apply tack as follows:

1.

Dry Pavement surface; 0.20 to 0.30 gallons per square yard. Within street intersections, on steep grades and in zones where vehicle speed changes are commonplace, reduce the application rate to no less than 0.20 gallons per square yard.

2.

Heavy duty fabrics; 0.30 to 0.40 gallons per square yard.

3.

Provide a tack width equal to geotextile width plus 6 inches.

4.

Apply tack only as far in advance of geotextile installation as is appropriate to insure a tacky surface at the time of geotextile placement.

5.

Allow tack time to cure with no moisture remaining prior to placing the geotextile and overlay.

6.

Clean excess tack material from the road surface.

Placement of Fabric:

1.

Place paving fabric into the asphalt with a minimum amount of wrinkling or folding. Wrinkles or folds in excess of 1 inch shall be slit and laid flat.

2.

Shingle-lap all transverse joints and slit folds or wrinkles in the direction of the paving operation.

3.

Maximize geotextile contact with the Pavement surface by brooming or pneumatic rolling.

4.

Additional hand-placed asphalt may be required at laps and repairs.

D.

Protection and Repair:

1. Do not allow traffic except necessary construction equipment and emergency vehicles to drive on the fabric.

2.

Turn paver and other vehicles gradually and keep turning to a minimum to avoid movement and damage to the geotextile. Do not permit abrupt starts and stops.

3.3 SEPARATION GEOTEXTILE

A.

Install for pavement sections or other applications at locations shown on the drawings, or as designated by the COR.

Overlap the geotextile a minimum of 1 foot at all longitudinal and transverse joints or sew the geotextile unless otherwise specified. Refer to this Section, article 3.8, Sewing for sewing requirements.

Repair: Place patch over damaged area and extend 3 feet beyond the perimeter of the tear or damage.

Place fill, beginning with the sheets overlapped above subsequent sheets to hold geotextile in place.

Use pins 18 inches long to help secure the geotextile during installation.

3.4

STABILIZATION GEOTEXTILE

Install Stabilization Geotextile at locations shown on the drawings, or as designated by the COR.

Overlap the geotextile a minimum of 2 feet at all longitudinal and transverse joints, or sew the geotextile unless otherwise specified. Refer to this Section, article 3.8, Sewing for sewing requirements.

Overlap each sheet over the next downhill sheet for placement on slopes.

Repair: Place patch over damaged area and extend 3 feet beyond the perimeter of the tear or damage.

Place fill to hold geotextile in place beginning with the sheets overlapped above subsequent sheets.

F.

Use pins 18 inches long to help secure the geotextile during installation.

3.5

DRAINAGE GEOTEXTILE FOR SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE

Excavate trench to size and depth indicated.

Cut geotextile to width required and place in trench. Prevent damage to geotextile.

Overlap geotextile 12 inches or the full width of the trench, whichever is less, at the top of the trench.

Overlap successive sheets of geotextile a minimum of 12 inches in the direction of flow.

Place fill beginning with the sheets overlapped above subsequent sheets to hold geotextile in place.

F.

Repair any damage to geotextile by placing patches extending 3 feet in all directions beyond the damaged area.

3.6

INSTALL ASPHALT OVERLAY FABRIC

A.

Place fabric over tack coat with a mechanical unit that produces a wrinkle-free placement.

1.

Remove small wrinkles by hand brooming.

2.

Cut the fabric overlapping in the direction of paving for wrinkles in excess of 1 inch wide.

Overlap transverse joints 6 inches in the direction of paving and bond with additional tack coat.

Overlap longitudinal joints 4 inches and bond with additional tack coat.

3.7

SEW

A. Perform sewing or seaming as specified in AASHTO M 288, Section A1-4.

END OF SECTION

GEOTEXTILES