SECTION_31_23_23.23_Compaction.docx
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SECTION 31 23 23.23 COMPACTION
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SECTION 31 23 23.23
SECTION 31 23 23.23
COMPACTION
| PART 1 | GENERAL | |
| 1.1 | SECTION INCLUDES | |
| A. | Compaction of granular fill materials. | |
| 1.2 | REFERENCES | |
| A. | ASTM D 698: Standard Test Method for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-lbf/ft3 (600 kNm/m3)). | |
| B. | ASTM D 1557: Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft3 (2,700 kN-m/m3)) | |
| C. | ASTM D 2216: Standard Test Method for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock. | |
| D. | ASTM D 2922: Standard Test Methods for Density of Soil and Soil-Aggregate in Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth). | |
| E. | ASTM D 3017: Standard Test Method for Water Content of Soil and Rock in Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth). | |
| F. | ASTM D 3282: Standard Practice for Classification of Soils and Soil- Aggregate Mixtures for Highway Construction Purposes. | |
| G. | ASTM D 3740: Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction. | |
| 1.3 | DEFINITIONS | |
| A. | A-1 Soil: Defined in ASTM D 3282. | |
| B. | Modified Proctor Density: The maximum laboratory density, as defined in and determined by ASTM D 1557 using procedure A, B or C as applicable. | |
| C. | Relative Density (or Relative Compaction): The ratio of field dry density to the maximum laboratory density expressed as a percentage. | |
| D. | Standard Proctor Density: The maximum laboratory density, as defined in and determined by ASTM D 698 using procedure A, B or C as applicable. | |
| 1.4 | QUALITY ASSURANCE | |
| A. | Use a laboratory that follows and complies with ASTM D 3740. | |
| PART 2 | PRODUCTS | Not Used |
| PART 3 | EXECUTION | |
| 3.1 | COMPACTION | |
| A. | Moisten or dewater backfill material to obtain optimum moisture for compaction. | |
| B. | Correct deficient compaction conditions. Replace or repair materials and damaged facilities. | |
| C. | When no density compactive effort is specified, compact the entire area to eliminate unstable zones. | |
| 3.2 | FIELD QUALITY CONTROL | |
| A. | Testing: Perform control testing of materials. Perform additional testing at no additional cost to Government. | |
| 1. | Because of changes in source of materials or proportions requested by Contractor. | |
| 2. | Because of Failure of materials to meet specification requirements. | |
| 3. | For other testing services needed or required by Contractor. | |
| B. | Report: For each material tested, record the following. | |
| 1. | Vertical and horizontal location of the test. | |
| 2. | Optimum laboratory moisture content. | |
| 3. | Field moisture content. | |
| 4. | Maximum laboratory dry density. | |
| 5. | Field density. | |
| 6. | Percent compaction results. | |
| 7. | Certification of test results by testing agency. | |
| C. | Optimum Soil Density: Use ASTM D 2216 and the following industry standards, unless otherwise indicated. | |
| 1. | For A-1 Soils: Method C of ASTM D 1557 (Modified Proctor) | |
| 2. | For All Other Soils: Method C of ASTM D 698 (Standard Proctor). | |
| D. | Field Density, unless otherwise indicated: | |
| 1. | Use ASTM D 3017 and test method C of ASTM D 2922 for shallow depth nuclear testing. | |
| 2. | No density determinations are required on any material containing more than 65 percent material retained on the number 10 sieve or more than 60 percent material retained on the number 4 sieve. In lieu of reporting densities in such cases, report the sieve analysis to document the material type. |
END OF SECTION
COMPACTION Page 1
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