SECTION 32 17 23.16

ROAD AND PARKING LOT PAVEMENT MARKINGS

11/24

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 UNIT PRICES

1.1.1 Measurement

1.1.1.1 Surface Preparation

The unit of measurement for surface preparation (cleaning and paint removal

) is the number of square feet of pavement surface prepared for marking and accepted by the Contracting Officer.

1.1.1.2 Pavement Striping and Markings

The unit of measurement for pavement markings is the number of square feet of reflective and/or non-reflective striping or markings actually completed and accepted by the Contracting Officer.

1.1.2 Payment

The quantities of surface preparation, marking removal, pavement striping or markings, as specified in paragraph Measurement, will be paid for at the contract unit price. The payment constitutes full compensation for furnishing all labor, materials, tools, equipment, appliances, and doing all work involved in preparing and marking the pavements as shown on the drawings. Remove and replace any striping or markings which required reflective media, but are placed without it, do not meet the stated minimum retro-reflective requirements, or with other defects, at no cost to the

Government. Remove and replace striping or markings which do not conform to the required physical characteristics, alignment, or location required at no cost to the Government.

1.2 REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by the basic designation only.

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE HIGHWAY AND TRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS

(AASHTO)

AASHTO M 247 (2013) Standard Specification for Glass

Beads Used in Pavement Markings

AASHTO M 249 (2012; R2016) Standard Specification for

White and Yellow Reflective Thermoplastic

Striping Material (Solid Form)

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

ASTM D471 (2016a; R 2021) Standard Test Method for

Rubber Property - Effect of Liquids

ASTM D476 (2015) Dry Pigmentary Titanium Dioxide

Pigments

ASTM D522/D522M (2017; R 2021) Mandrel Bend Test of

Attached Organic Coatings

ASTM D711 (2010; R 2015) No-Pick-Up Time of Traffic

Paint

ASTM D823 (2018) Standard Practices for Producing

Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Coatings, and Related Products on Test

Panels

ASTM D968 (2022) Standard Test Methods for Abrasion

Resistance of Organic Coatings by Falling

Abrasive

ASTM D1652 (2011; E 2012) Standard Test Method for

Epoxy Content of Epoxy Resins

ASTM D2074 (2007; R2013) Standard Test Methods for

Total, Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary

Amine Values of Fatty Amines by

Alternative Indicator Method

ASTM D2240 (2015; R 2021) Standard Test Method for

Rubber Property - Durometer Hardness

ASTM D2621 (1987; R 2016) Standard Test Method for

Infrared Identification of Vehicle Solids from Solvent-Reducible Paints

ASTM D2697 (2003; R 2014) Volume Nonvolatile Matter in Clear or Pigmented Coatings

ASTM D3335 (1985a; R 2020) Low Concentrations of

Lead, Cadmium, and Cobalt in Paint by

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

ASTM D3718 (1985a; R 2015) Low Concentrations of

Chromium in Paint by Atomic Absorption

Spectroscopy

ASTM D3924 (2016) Standard Specification for

Environment for Conditioning and Testing

Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related

Materials

ASTM D3960 (2005; R 2013) Determining Volatile

Organic Compound (VOC) Content of Paints and Related Coatings

ASTM D4280 (2012) Extended Life Type, Nonplowable, Raised, Retroreflective Pavement Markers

ASTM D4383 (2012) Standard Specification for

Plowable, Raised Retroreflective Pavement

Markers

ASTM D4414 (1995; R 2020) Standard Practice for

Measurement of Wet Film Thickness by Notch

Gages

ASTM D4505 (2012; R 2017) Standard Specification for

Preformed Retroflective Pavement Marking

Tape for Extended Service Life

ASTM D4541 (2022) Standard Test Method for Pull-Off

Strength of Coatings Using Portable

Adhesion Testers

ASTM E1710 (2011) Standard Test Method for

Measurement of Retroreflective Pavement

Marking Materials with CEN-Prescribed

Geometry Using a Portable

Retroreflectometer

ASTM E2302 (2003; R 2016) Standard Test Method for

Measurement of the Luminance Coefficient

Under Diffuse Illumination of Pavement

Marking Materials Using a Portable

Reflectometer

ASTM G154 (2023) Standard Practice for Operating

Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp

Apparatus for Exposure of Materials

MASTER PAINTERS INSTITUTE (MPI)

MPI 97 (2012) Traffic Marking Paint, Latex

SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS INTERNATIONAL (SAE)

SAE AMS-STD-595A (2017) Colors used in Government

Procurement

U.S. FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION (FHWA)

MUTCD (2023) Manual on Uniform Traffic Control

Devices

U.S. GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION (GSA)

FS TT-B-1325 (Rev D; Notice 1; Notice 2 2017) Beads

(Glass Spheres) Retro-Reflective (Metric)

FS TT-P-1952 (2015; Rev F; Notice 1) Paint, Traffic and

Airfield Markings, Waterborne

U.S. NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION (NARA)

29 CFR 1910.1200 Hazard Communication

40 CFR 60 Standards of Performance for New

Stationary Sources

1.3 SUBMITTALS

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" or "S" classification. Submittals not having a "G" or "S" classification are for

Contractor Quality Control approval. Submit the following in accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

SD-01 Preconstruction Submittals

Quality Control Plan; G

Qualifications; G

Safety Data Sheets For Each Paint Type; G

Safety Data Sheets For Chemicals Used In Surface Preparation; G

Data Sheets For Paint Removal Equipment; G

Surface Preparation Equipment List; G

Marking Applications Equipment List; G

Detour Plans; G

SD-03 Product Data

Manufacturer Data Sheets for all Marking Materials; G

Manufacturer Data Sheets for all Reflective Media; G

SD-04 Samples

Samples of Marking Materials; G

Samples of each Reflective Media; G

SD-06 Test Reports

Marking Application Wet Film Thickness Test; G

Reflective Media Reflectivity Test; G

SD-07 Certificates

Manufacturer Certificate of Compliance for Marking Materials; G

Manufacturer Certificate of Compliance for Reflective Materials; G

Manufacturer Certificate of Conformance for Volatile Organic

Compliance; G

SD-08 Manufacturer's Instructions

Marking Materials Storage and Application; G

Reflective Media Storage and Application; G

Chemicals Used in Surface Preparation; G

1.4 QUALITY CONTROL

1.4.1 Quality Control Plan

Within 10 calendar days of project award, submit a quality control plan.

The plan must state the means, methods, equipment, and materials to be employed for the performance of the surface preparation, existing markings removal, application of reflective and non-reflective marking, and marking layout. At a minimum, provide descriptive criteria for each of the following activities for review and approval by the Contracting Officer:

a. Describe the means and methods used to layout marking geometry and the location of marking elements.

b. Describe the protocol for determination of the operating pressure and speed of the equipment for surface preparation.

c. Describe the protocol for surface preparation when not using water.

d. Describe the protocol for existing markings removal.

e. Define the protocol for the performance of test stripes for each line width, color, and paint type.

f. Provide equipment details to include speed, pressures and application rate for the minimum wet film thickness and the application rate of reflective media to provide the specified glass bead anchoring and reflectivity.

g. Provide and discuss safety directives for maintaining traffic on roads and parking lots.

h. Define communications procedures when operating on roads and parking lots.

1.4.2 Qualifications

Submit documentation certifying that pertinent personnel are qualified for equipment operation and handling of applicable chemicals. The documentation should include experience on five projects of similar size and scope with references for all personnel.

1.4.3 Qualifications For Roads and Parking Marking Personnel

Submit documentation of qualifications in resume format a minimum of 14 days before pavement marking work is to be performed showing personnel who will be performing the work have experience working on airfields, operating mobile self-powered marking, cleaning, and paint removal equipment and performing these tasks. Include with their resume a list of references complete with points of contact and telephone numbers. Provide certification for pavement marking machine operator and Foreman demonstrating experience successfully completing a minimum of two airfield pavement marking projects of similar size and scope. Provide documentation demonstrating personnel have a minimum of [two] years of experience operating similar equipment and performing the same or similar work in similar environments, similar in size and scope of the planned project.

The Contracting Officer reserves the right to require additional proof of competency or to reject proposed personnel.

1.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

[Provide a conditioned storage and staging area located off the installation][A conditioned storage and staging area on the installation will be provided] for all materials intended to be used on the project.

Ensure all materials delivered to the storage location are in the original container and clearly marked with the product name, compliance information, batch number, color, manufactured date, instructions for storage, instructions for application, and the name of the manufacturer. All materials are to be stored in conformance with the manufacturer instructions. Provide manufacturer instructions for; marking materials storage and application, reflective media storage and application, and the chemicals used in surface preparation.

1.6 PROJECT/SITE SPECIAL CONDITIONS

1.6.1 Environmental Requirements

Pavement surface must be free of snow, ice, or slush; with a surface temperature of at least 40 degrees F and rising at the beginning of operations, except those involving shot blasting or grinding. Cease operation during thunderstorms, or during rainfall, except for water blasting and removal of previously applied chemicals. Cease water blasting where surface water accumulation alters the effectiveness of material removal.

1.6.1.1 Weather Limitations for Marking Application

Apply pavement markings to clean, dry surfaces and only when the ambient temperature is at least 5 degrees F above the dew point and the pavement surface temperatures are within the limits recommended by the manufacturer of the material being used unless otherwise noted. Allow the pavement surface to dry after the water has been used for surface preparation or after a precipitation event. Do not perform marking applications when the wind carries overspray onto locations adjacent to the marking. Provide wind screens to shroud application equipment.

1.6.1.2 Testing Dry Surfaces

Do not commence marking until the pavement surface is dry. Use the plastic wrap method as described in paragraph PRE-APPLICATION TESTING to test the pavement surface for moisture. Do not proceed with marking until the

Contracting Officer has observed the moisture test and has accepted the area prepared for marking.

1.6.1.3 Volatile Organic Compounds Compliance

Submit a manufacturer certificate stating that the proposed pavement marking paint meets the Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) regulations of the local Air Pollution Control District having jurisdiction over the geographical area in which the project is located. Submit manufacturer certificate of conformance for volatile organic compliance.

1.6.2 Traffic Control for Roads and Parking Lots

Place approved signs conforming to MUTCD near the beginning of the worksite and well ahead of the worksite to alert approaching traffic from both directions. Place markers along newly painted lines to control traffic and prevent damage to newly painted surfaces [or displacement of raised pavement markers]. Mark painting equipment with warning signs that can be read from a distance of 100 feet, indicating slow-moving painting equipment in operation. Provide all lighting and equipment necessary to light the work area during night operations effectively.

When traffic is rerouted or controlled to accomplish the work, provide necessary warning signs, flag persons, and related equipment for the safe passage of vehicles. Submit detour plans to the Contracting Officer for approval before doing the work.

1.7 APPLICATION EQUIPMENT CALIBRATION

Before performing any marking application, calibrate the paint and glass bead application equipment at the necessary speed to execute the application. Calibration and application will be performed using paint that is not diluted or thinned. Paint will be used as formulated by the manufacturer. Calibrate paint and bead guns for each line width and color intended to be applied. Use metal coupons placed in the path of the equipment to capture a test line without glass beads. Use a wet film gauge in accordance with ASTM D4414, to determine if the wet film thickness is the same at each edge and at the center of the marking. Adjust each paint gun to provide a line of uniform thickness.

Collect a sample of glass beads directly from the glass bead dispenser along a measured distance. Weigh the glass beads captured and determine the coverage by dividing the weight by the area of the line placed during the calibration. Adjust the glass bead dispenser to provide an application rate necessary to meet or exceed the reflectivity specified. After determining the application rate, apply a reflective marking using the wet film thickness to be used for the color and marking element. Using a magnifying glass, examine the distribution and embedment of the glass beads. Beads are to be distributed uniformly for the width of the marking. Adjust the wet film thickness if the beads are submerged or predominantly on the surface of the marking.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 EQUIPMENT

Submit a surface preparation equipment list by serial number, type, model, and manufacturer. Include descriptive data indicating area of coverage per pass, pressure adjustment range, tank and flow capacities, and safety precautions required for the equipment operation. Mobile equipment must allow for removal of markings without damaging the pavement surface or joint sealant. Maintain machines, tools, and equipment used in the performance of the work in satisfactory operating condition.

2.1.1 Surface Preparation and Paint Removal for Roads and Parking Lots

Submit data sheets for paint removal equipment intended for use in preparation of the pavement surface for marking. In the submittal, include descriptive information on the means for adjusting coverage per each pass, water pressure adjustment range, and tank and flow capacities. The equipment must have a range of adjustments that will provide a clean surface free of dirt, dust, oil, grease, algae, mildew, mold, and loose paint.[ When preparing new portland cement concrete for marking, provide equipment capable of removing curing compounds without damage to the concrete surface and joint seal materials.] Submit safety data sheets for chemicals used in surface preparation. Chemicals must be bio-degradable.

2.1.1.1 Water Blasting Equipment

Use mobile water blasting equipment capable of producing a pressurized stream of water that effectively removes paint from the pavement surface without significantly damaging the pavement. Provide equipment, tools, and machinery which are safe and in good working order.

2.1.1.2 Shot Blasting Equipment

Use mobile self-propelled shot blasting equipment capable of producing an adjustable depth of paint removal and propelling abrasive particles at high velocities on the paint for effective removal. Ensure each unit is self-cleaning and self-contained. Use equipment able to confine the abrasive, any dust that is produced, and removed paint and is capable of recycling the abrasive for reuse.

2.1.1.3 Grinding or Scarifying Equipment

Use equipment capable of removing surface contaminates, paint build-up, or extraneous markings from the pavement surface without leaving any residue.

Clean the surface by a hydro blast to remove surface contaminants, and ash after a weed torch is used to remove paint.

2.1.2 Markings Application Equipment

Submit a marking applications equipment list of equipment appropriate for the material(s) to be used. Include the manufacturer's descriptive data and certification for the planned use that indicates the area of coverage per pass, pressure adjustment range, tank and flow capacities, and all safety precautions required for operating and maintaining the equipment.

Provide and maintain machines, tools, and equipment used in the performance of the work in satisfactory operating condition, or remove equipment that is not providing satisfactory performance from the work site. Provide mobile and maneuverable application equipment to the extent that straight lines can be followed and normal curves can be made in a true arc.

2.1.2.1 Airless or Atomizing Equipment

Provide mobile airless or pneumatic air-atomized application equipment that is maneuverable to the extent that straight lines can be followed and normal curves can be made in a true arc. Mount equipment on trucks, skids or tractors. Use equipment suitable for application of the marking material specified. Airless systems are used to apply waterborne and epoxy coatings. Pneumatic systems are used only to apply waterborne and solvent based coatings.

Provide equipment capable of applying a marking from 4 inches to 12 inches wide in a single pass and also capable of applying two single solid or intermittent lines using a minimum of two colors. Provide equipment with tanks or reservoirs equipped with mechanical agitators, pressure regulators, and gages in full view of the equipment operator. Use paint strainers suitable to screen paint flowing in all supply lines.

2.1.2.2 Hand-Operated Machines

Provide a hand-operated push-type applicator machine commonly used for the application of water-based paint or two-component, chemically curing paint, thermoplastic, or preformed tape to pavement surfaces for small marking projects, such as legends and cross-walks, parking lots, or surface painted signs. Provide an applicator machine with the necessary tanks and spraying nozzles capable of applying paint uniformly at specified wet film thickness. Provide spray guns for hand application of paint in areas where push-type machines cannot be used.

2.1.2.3 Reflective Media Dispenser

Mount glass bead dispensers that are automatically triggered when paint guns are activated. The dispensers may be pressurized or gravity-drop systems. Pressurized systems require moisture control.

2.2 ROAD AND PARKING LOT MATERIALS

Submit safety data sheets for each paint type[ and preformed tape] as well as manufacturer data sheets for all marking materials; include with the submittal a manufacturer certificate of compliance for marking materials and a manufacturer certificate of compliance for reflective materials.

2.2.1 Marking Colors

Provide markings for pavements that conform to SAE AMS-STD-595A color numbers as listed in Table I.

Table I - SAE AMS-STD-595A Color Numbers

Paint Color SAE AMS-STD-595A Color Number

White 37925

Yellow 33538

Black 37038

Green 34108

Red 33411

2.2.2 Waterborne Paint

Use MPI 97 paint.

[][][2.2.3 Epoxy Paint

2.2.3.1 Formulation

Epoxy paint must be a two-component, minimum 99 percent solids, material formulated to provide a simple mixing ratio of Component A and Component B as recommended by the manufacturer. Provide the manufacturer certification that the product does not contain mercury, lead, hexavalent chromium, halogenated solvents, nor any carcinogen, as defined in 29 CFR 1910.1200, in amounts exceeding permissible limits specified in federal regulations.

2.2.3.2 Composition (Component A)

The titanium dioxide percent by weight, determined by ASTM D476, of white and yellow paints must be 18 percent minimum and 14 to 17 percent minimum, respectively. The percent by weight of the epoxy resin must be 75 to 79 percent. Tint as required to match Federal Standard No. 595 color number.

2.2.3.3 Epoxide Value

When tested in accordance with ASTM D1652, the epoxide value for white and yellow (Component A) must be within plus or minus 50 of the manufacturer’s target value.

2.2.3.4 Total Amine Value

When tested in accordance with ASTM D2074, the curing agent (Component B) must be within plus or minus 50 of the manufacturer’s target value.

2.2.3.5 Toxicity

Upon heating to application temperature, the material cannot produce toxic or injurious fumes to persons or property.

2.2.3.6 Daylight Directional

The daylight directional reflectance of the white paint must not be less than 75 percent relative to magnesium oxide when tested to conform to

ASTM E1710.

The daylight directional reflectance of the yellow paint must not be less than 55 percent relative to magnesium oxide when tested to conform to

ASTM E1710.

2.2.3.7 Hardness

Hardness must be at least 80 when tested in accordance with ASTM D2240.

2.2.3.8 Abrasion Resistance

Subject the panels prepared to the abrasion test in accordance with

ASTM D968, Method A, except that the inside diameter of the metal guide tube must be from 0.747 to 0.750 inch. 17.5 lbs of unused sand must be used for each test panel. Run the test on two test panels. Both baked and weathered paint films must require not less than 525 lbs of sand to remove the paint films.

][][][]2.2.4 Reflective Media for Roads and Parking Lots

Provide AASHTO M 247 reflective media. Paint and glass bead types used with markings are designated on the drawings.

Provide glass beads with those coatings to promote adhesion, limit flotation, and absorb moisture to preclude bundling and dual coatings for waterborne materials. Submit manufacturer data sheets for all reflective media used.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 TEST SECTIONS

Before the performance of any marking application, demonstrate to the

Government, using the equipment, materials, and personnel identified in the approved quality control plan, that the requirements for acceptance of the final product(s) are attainable. The minimum length of the test section is

50 feet of marking for each line width, color, and wet film thickness.

Perform demonstrations in a location designated by the Contracting Officer within the project scope of work. Do not perform the test section(s) until the Contracting Officer is present to observe the test. Table III identifies minimum and maximum wet film thickness based on glass bead type. Each test section's result is the standard of performance for the color, width, wet film thickness, and glass bead application rate for each marking element. Submit the color, line width, wet film thickness, and measured reflectivity.

3.1.1 Surface Preparation and Paint Removal Test Section

[Perform a demonstration removal of pavement markings in an area designated by the Contracting Officer.] Prepare an area large enough to determine

[cleanliness][, adhesion of remaining markings][, and cleaning rate][ and removal rate]. Use the means, methods, and equipment identified in the approved quality control plan. Adjust the means, methods, equipment, or equipment settings until the prepared surface is free of dirt, debris, oils and greases, algae, mold, mildew, and loose or flaking paint without damage to the pavement. Remove any equipment that fails to provide an acceptable product during the demonstration and provide new equipment that will produce an acceptable product.[ Approved demonstration area establishes the standard for the work.]

3.1.2 Wet Film Thickness Test Section

Adjust the marking application rate for equipment speed, operating pressure, and line width, to provide a minimum wet film thickness, full coverage, and reflective media anchoring. Minimum and maximum wet film thickness is identified in Table III. Measure the wet film thickness using a wet film gauge at three points along the test section. Wet film thickness is determined using ASTM D4414 as the performance standard.

When the average of the three readings is less than the minimum specified in Table III, repeat the test section. Submit the results of the marking application wet film thickness test to the Contracting Officer

3.1.3 Reflective Value Test Section

Measure the reflectivity at three points, along the length of the marking placed for wet film thickness. After the application is cured, measure the retro-reflective value using a Retro-Reflectometer with a direct readout in millicandelas per square meter per lux (mcd/m2/lx) using ASTM E1710. Take three readings on each test section. When the average of the three readings is less than the minimum specified in Table V repeat the test section. Document the application rate of the reflective media required to meet the specified minimum reflectivity. Submit the results of the reflective media reflectivity test to the Contracting Officer before proceeding with work on the project.

3.2 SURFACE PREPARATION

Clean surfaces before the application of marking materials. Remove all dust, dirt, scaling or loose paint, algae, oils, and grease and mineral deposits such as iron stains by use of water blasting or chemical removal.

Follow the cleaning with sweeping, blowing or using water rinse. Do not begin painting in any location prepared for marking until surfaces are dry and clean.

Scrub areas with oil or grease present with applications of trisodium phosphate solution or other approved detergent or degreaser. Rinse thoroughly after each application to prevent staining of the new marking.

After cleaning oil-soaked areas, seal with shellac or primer as the manufacturer recommends to prevent bleeding through the new paint.

3.3 PRE-APPLICATION TESTING

Test the pavement surface for moisture before beginning pavement marking after each period of rainfall, fog, high humidity, or cleaning or when the ambient temperature has fallen below the dew point. Do not commence marking until the pavement is sufficiently dry and the Contracting Officer has approved the pavement condition.

Employ the plastic wrap method, described as follows, to test the pavement for moisture:

a. Cover the pavement with a 12 inch by 12 inch section of clear plastic wrap and seal the edges with tape.

b. After 15 minutes, examine the plastic wrap for any visible moisture accumulation. Do not begin marking operations until the test can be performed with no visible moisture accumulation inside the plastic wrap.

c. Re-test surfaces when work has been stopped due to a precipitation event.

3.4 MARKINGS APPLICATION

3.4.1 Marking Materials for Roads and Parking Lots Pavement

3.4.1.1 Waterborne Paint

The dilution or thinning of paint prior to application is not allowed.

Provide FS TT-P-1952waterborne paint and FS TT-B-1325 glass beads. Apply

[reflective][ and ][non-reflective] markings in accordance with Table III.

Use the paint type[ and bead type] as shown on the drawings.]

Provide MPI 97 paint and apply AASHTO M 247 glass beads. Apply

[reflective][ and ][non-reflective] markings in accordance with Table III.

Use the paint type[ and bead type] as shown on the drawings.]

The paint wet film thickness and glass bead application rate is provided in

Table III. Perform the marking and bead application test section beginning at the minimum value and adjust the application rate up or down until the requirements of WET FILM THICKNESS TEST SECTION and REFLECTIVE TEST SECTION are satisfied. The values of wet film thickness and bead application rate established by the test section will be the standard of performance for the respective marking type and color.

Table III. Paint Wet Film Thickness and Bead Application Rate

Paint

Type

Non-Reflectorized

Marking Wet Film

Thickness (mil)

Reflectorized Marking

Wet Film Thickness (mil) based on Glass Bead Type Minimum Bead

Application Rate

Type I

Gradation A

Type IV

Gradation B

Type I

Gradation

A

Type IV

Gradation

B

Type I 14-16 14-16 -- 7 lb/gal --

Type II 14-16 14-16 -- 7 lb/gal --

Type

III

16-20 -- 25-30 -- 8 lb/gal

[][3.4.1.2 Epoxy Paint

Apply [FS TT-B-1325 [Type I (Gradation A)]] [Type IV (Gradation B)] [

AASHTO M 247] glass beads that provides the minimum or exceeds the reflectivity in accordance with paragraph TEST SECTION. Apply epoxy paint only on surfaces prepared for marking application and free of moisture, dirt, debris, oils and greases, algae, mold, or mildew. Apply epoxy paint only to dry pavement surfaces. Do not apply epoxy paint when ambient temperature conditions are outside of the ranges recommended by the manufacturer. Epoxies cannot be placed over markings made from other materials. Epoxy can be applied over existing epoxy markings once, and after a second application, the old material must be removed.

[]3.5 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL AND ACCEPTANCE

3.5.1 Material Inspection

The Contractor is responsible for examining all materials accepted for delivery for compliance with the certificate of compliance.

3.5.2 Sampling and Testing

As soon as the marking materials are available for sampling, obtain materials by random selection directly from equipment already calibrated.

Four quarts of paint are to be collected; two quarts for the Contractor and two quarts for the Government. Samples of marking materials and samples of each reflective media are to be collected by the Contractor in the presence of the Contracting Officer. Identify samples by project name and number, manufacture date, batch number, and the square yards of markings represented by the sample.

The Government will retain samples for the warranty period under storage conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If there is an issue with a material defect during the period of the warranty the Contractor will incur the cost for an accredited independent laboratory to test the material(s) for conformance with the certifications and the contract specifications.

The Government reserves the right to test the samples for verification of materials.

3.5.3 Dimensional Tolerance

The Contractor applies layout markings. All layout markings are placed before the marking material application. The edges of a line must not vary from a straight line drawn between the beginning and end of the line more than 1/2-inch to 50 feet. Marking dimensions and spacing must be within the tolerances provided in Table IV.

TABLE IV - Dimensional Tolerance for Marking Elements

Dimension and Spacing Tolerance

12 inch or less +/- 1/2 inch

Greater than 36 inch to 6 feet +/- 1 inch

Greater than 6 feet to 60 feet +/- 2 inch

Greater than 60 feet +/- 3 inch

3.5.4 Coating and Reflective Media Application Reporting

3.5.4.1 Reporting Wet Film Thickness and Reflectivity

Submit documentation on the wet film thickness and reflectivity for each marking element. Provide a reading at the rate of one reading per 1000 linear feet of line marking. A reading is the average of 10 measurements at random locations within the marking element area. Submit the results of the marking application wet film thickness test and Reflective Media

Reflectivity Test to the Contracting Officer before proceeding with work on the project.

3.5.4.2 Wet Film Thickness

Conduct a marking application wet film thickness test. Provide a wet film thickness gauge to measure the wet film thickness using ASTM D4414 at the edge(s) and one interior location of the marking. When more than 3 in 10 consecutive measurements of wet film thickness are outside of the tolerances in Table III, remove and replace areas not meeting the wet film thickness requirement.

3.5.4.3 Reflectivity

Provide documentation that records the readings for white, yellow and red reflective markings. Conduct a Reflective Media Reflectivity Test. Measure the reflectivity using a Retro-Reflectometer using ASTM E1710. The minimum reading for white, yellow, and red markings is provided in Table V in millicandelas per square meter per lux (mcd/m2/lx) at the time of marking.

When more than 3 in 10 consecutive measurements of reflectivity are outside of the minimum in Table V, remove and replace the areas not meeting the minimum reflectivity requirements.

TABLE VI - Minimum Reflectivity (millicandelas per square meter per lux)

Bead Type Minimum Reflectivity at Time of Marking

Type I White - 300 Yellow - 175

Type IV White - 300 Yellow - 200

[ Preformed Tape pavement markings will yield a minimum of 225 mcd/m2/lux on white markings at installation and a minimum of 100 mcd/m2/lux on yellow markings at installation.]

3.6 CLEANUP AND WASTE DISPOSAL

The worksite and the material staging area must be free of debris, dirt, and items that will blow away during periods of elevated wind speeds.

Dispose of all materials at a site approved by the Contracting Officer.

Dispose of waste from cleaning the marking equipment at a facility that is permitted to accept the material.

3.6.1 Cleanup Requirements

Provide a vacuum sweeper after each work area when markings are cured.

Vacuum sweep the entire pavement surface to provide a clean pavement without fugitive glass beads and debris.

-- End of Section --