FortDrum_SWPPP_Rephasing_Stamped_R1-20 Apr 26.pdf

Wheeler-Sack Army Airfield - Runway 03-21 Airfield Lighting Repair Project

Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan

United Army Corps of Engineers, NY District 17 April 2026

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Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP)

Runway 03-21 Airfield Lighting Repair Project

Jacobs EwingCole, JV. 1 Rev 001

Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP)

Prepared for Construction Activities At:

Runway 03-21 Airfield Lighting Repair Project

Wheeler-Sack Army Airfield, Fort Drum, New York

Fred Stone, 315-772,4939

SWPPP Prepared For:

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New York District

Kurt Hauk

USACE-NY District Engineering Management Branch/Military Sec Plaza

Point of Contact: Kurt Hauk, 315-772-4948

Kurt.w.hauk.civ@army.mil

SWPPP Prepared By:

Jacobs EwingCole JV

Colin O’Neill, PE

2 Clinton Square, Suite 325, Syracuse, NY 13202

315-378-8245

Colin.ONeill@jacobs.com

SWPPP Preparation Date:

December, 2024

SWPPP Revision Date:

April, 2026

Estimated Project Start and End Dates:

Spring 2026 — Summer 2028

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Jacobs EwingCole, JV. 2 Rev 001

Table of Contents

Contents

SECTION 1: CONTACT INFORMATION/ RESPONSIBILITIES

1.1 CONSTRUCTION STORMWATER TEAM

1.2 DESIGN STORMWATER TEAM

1.3 STORMWATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN INTRODUCTION

SECTION 2: PROJECT INTRODUCTION

2.1 PROJECT SITE INFORMATION

2.2 EXISTING CONDITIONS

2.3 NATURE OF THE CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY

2.4 CONSTRUCTION PHASING

SECTION 3: EXISTING TOPOGRAPHY AND SOIL INFORMATION

3.1 SITE TOPOGRAPHY

3.2 FLOOD ZONES

3.3 SOIL CLASSIFICATION

3.4 SURFACE WATERS

SECTION 4: EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROLS

4.1 EROSION CONTROL PRACTICES

4.1.1 Standard NYSDEC Practices

4.1.2 Nonstandard ESC Practices

4.1.3 Construction Erosion and Sediment Controls

4.2 SEQUENCE OF CONSTRUCTION

4.2.1 Stabilization Measures

4.3 POLLUTION PREVENTION AND GOOD HOUSEKEEPING PRACTICES

4.3.1 Construction Site Pollutants

4.3.2 Materials and Substance Management

4.3.3 Spill Prevention Practices and Response

4.3.4 Fueling and Maintenance of Equipment or Vehicles

4.3.6 Storage, Handling, and Disposal of Construction Products, Materials, and Wastes

4.3.7 Washing of Applicators and Containers used for Paint, Concrete, or Other Materials

4.3.8 Secondary Oil Containment

SECTION 5: STORMWATER CONDITIONS AND ANALYSIS

5.1 PRE-DEVELOPMENT STORMWATER CONDITION

5.2 STORMWATER CONDITIONS AND ANALYSIS

5.2.1 Rainfall Data and Sizing Criteria

5.2.2 Pre-Development Stormwater Condition (Existing)

5.2.3 Post-Development Stormwater Condition (Proposed)

5.2.4 Hydrologic and Hydraulic Analysis

5.2.5 Runoff Reduction

5.2.6 Pre and Post Development Stormwater Comparison

Jacobs EwingCole, JV. 3 Rev 001

5.2.7 Stormwater Management Summary / Conclusion

5.3 STORMWATER HOTSPOTS

5.4 OTHER SPDES DISCHARGES:

5.5 ALLOWABLE NON-STORMWATER DISCHARGES

SECTION 6: CONSTRUCTION INSPECTION

6.1 INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS

6.1.1 General Construction Site Inspection and Maintenance Requirements

6.1.2 Owner or Operator Inspection Requirements

6.1.3 Qualified Inspector Inspection Requirements

6.2 INSPECTION PERSONNEL AND PROCEDURES

6.2.1 Inspections

6.2.2 Inspection Schedule and Procedures

6.3 TRAINED CONTRACTOR LIST

SECTION 7: POST CONSTRUCTION STORMWATER CONTROLS

7.1 POST CONSTRUCTION STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (SMPS)

7.2 NO-NET-INCREASE

7.3 SAFE DRINKING WATER ACT UNDERGROUND INJECTION CONTROLS REQUIREMENTS

SECTION 8: CERTIFICATION AND NOTIFICATION

SECTION 9: RETENTION OF RECORDS

SECTION 10: REQUIRED DRAWINGS

APPENDIX A - DRAFT MAINTENANCE EASEMENT

APPENDIX B - CERTIFICATIONS

APPENDIX C - CONSTRUCTION DURATION INSPECTIONS

APPENDIX D - MONTHLY SUMMARY REPORTS

APPENDIX E - CONTRACTOR’S CERTIFICATIONS & FORMS

APPENDIX F - END OF CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS

APPENDIX G – NYSDEC NOTICE OF INTENT FORM

APPENDIX H - WATER QUALITY PRODUCT DATA

APPENDIX I – SOIL TESTING DATA

APPENDIX J - STORMWATER MODELING AND CALCULATIONS

APPENDIX K - PRELIMINARY OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL FOR POST CONSTRUCTION SMPS

APPENDIX L - COPY OF THE NYS CONSTRUCTION GENERAL PERMIT

APPENDIX M – FORT DRUM’S STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PROGRAM PLAN

APPENDIX N – DOCUMENTATION FOR UNDERGROUND INJECTION CONTROL REQUIREMENTS

APPENDIX O – LETTER ACKNOWLEDGING ADDITIONAL DISTURBANCE

APPENDIX P – REQUIRED DRAWINGS

Jacobs EwingCole, JV. 4 Rev 001

NYSDEC Acronyms

Acronym Definitiion NYSDEC New York State Department of Environmental Conservation SWPPP Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan NOI Notice of Intent GP General Permit NOT Notice of Termination BMP Best Management Practice SPDES State Pollutant Discharge Elimination System WQv Water Quality Volume RRv Runoff Reduction Volume EISA Energy Independence and Security Act LID Low Impact Design NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PFDS Precipitation Frequency Data Server SPCC Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure ESC Erosion and Sediment Control CPv Channel Protection Volume Qp Overbank Flood Control Qf Extreme Flood Control DA Drainage Area CN Curve Number Tc Time of Concentration

Jacobs EwingCole, JV. 5 Rev 001

SECTION 1: CONTACT INFORMATION/ RESPONSIBILITIES

1.1 Construction Stormwater Team

Construction Stormwater Team Name, company/organization, position, and contact information Responsibilities I Have Read and Understand the Applicable Requirements

Kurt Hauk US Army Corps of Engineers - NY

(315) 772-4948 Kurt.w.hauk.civ@army.mil

See Owner’s responsibilities stated below

☐ Yes Date: Click or tap to enter a date.

Sub-Contractor Name: ________________ Insert Company/Organization: _________ Insert Position: ______________________ Insert Phone Number: ________________ Insert Email: _______________________

See Contractor’s responsibilities stated below

☐ Yes Date: Click or tap to enter a date.

Sub-Contractor Name: ________________ Insert Company/Organization: _________ Insert Position: ______________________ Insert Phone Number: ________________ Insert Email: _______________________

See Contractor’s responsibilities stated below

☐ Yes Date: Click or tap to enter a date.

Emergency Contact Name: ____________ Insert Company/Organization: _________ Insert Position: ______________________ Insert Phone Number: ________________ Insert Email: _______________________

See Emergency 24-hour Team’s responsibilities stated below

☐ Yes Date: Click or tap to enter a date.

Owner’s Responsibilities:

Owner must file a Notice of Intent (NOI) to obtain coverage under General Permit GP-0-25-001 prior to the start of construction and submit a Notice of Termination (NOT) after the completion of all construction activities and final stabilization of disturbed areas.

Contractor/Subcontractor’s Responsibilities:

Contractor/Subcontractor is responsible to ensure that the appropriate forms and certifications described in this document are completed prior to and throughout the duration of demolition and construction activities.

Contractor/Subcontractor shall retain and keep on site a signed copy of this Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) and all associated attachments, and any inspection reports generated on site for the duration of the project.

Contractor/Subcontractor has operational control over daily activities at the site that are necessary to ensure compliance with the SWPPP, including BMP installation and SWPPP modifications. Contractor/Subcontractor is responsible for ensuring compliance with the GP-0-25-001 by implementing, maintaining, and inspecting the erosion prevention and sediment control practices outlined in this SWPPP from the commencement of construction activities until all areas of disturbance have been achieved final stabilization.

Any revisions to the SWPPP in design, demolition and construction activities, inspection, or maintenance shall be reflected in the in-site copy of the SWPPP in a timely manner.

Contractor may subcontract certain portions of the proposed work; however, Contractor is responsible for ensuring that subcontracted work occurs on in compliance with this SWPPP and the GP.

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The subcontractor is responsible to complete all tasks assigned by Contractor correctly and within specified timeline.

Emergency 24-hour Contact’s Responsibilities:

Emergency 24-hour Contact shall be available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. During an emergency, the emergency 24-hour Contact should notify the Developer and Contractor immediately, assess the health or environmental hazards, identify the problem, notify emergency response agencies as required, and take all reasonable measures to stabilize the situation. Emergency 24-hour Contact must be thoroughly familiar with all aspects of the SWPPP, all operations and activities, the location and characteristics of all materials handled, the location of all records and the lay out of the installation. In addition, this individual should have the authority to commit the resources necessary to carry out the SWPPP.

1.2 Design Stormwater Team

Design Stormwater Team Name, company/organization, position, and contact information Responsibilities I Have Read and Understand the Applicable Requirements

Kurt Hauk US Army Corps of Engineers - NY

(315) 772-4948 Kurt.w.hauk.civ@army.mil

Owner ☐ Yes Date: Click or tap to enter a date.

Hogan Barnhart Jacobs Civil Consultants Inc.

Principal Engineer

(571) 218-1695 Hogan.Barnhart@jacobs.com

Civil Designer ☐ Yes Date: Click or tap to enter a date.

Chris Twigg Jacobs Civil Consultants Inc.

Principal Engineer Chris.Twigg@jacobs.com

Civil Designer ☐ Yes Date: Click or tap to enter a date.

Colin O’Neill, NY PE Jacobs Civil Consultants Inc.

Project Engineer 315-378-8245 Colin.ONeill@jacobs.com

SWPPP Preparer ☐ Yes Date: Click or tap to enter a date.

The stormwater team will be responsible for the preparation of the SWPPP (design team), later modifications to it if necessary (construction team), and for compliance with the permit requirements (construction team). The SWPPP has been prepared based on Jacobs EwingCole JV’s 100% design documents. Each member of the stormwater team must have access to either an electronic or paper copy of the SWPPP.

1.3 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Introduction

This Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) has been created specifically for the Fort Drum Runway 03-21 Airfield Lighting Repair Project to address stormwater runoff, GP-0-25-001 permit requirements, temporary and permanent stormwater treatment measures, and construction inspection and maintenance requirements. The SWPPP

Jacobs EwingCole, JV. 7 Rev 001 was created in accordance with the proposed NYS DEC SPDES General Permit for Stormwater Discharges from Construction Activity Permit GP-0-25-001 (currently a Draft), with an anticipated effective date of January 29, 2025. Construction will begin in the 2025 Spring season, after this effective date.

The SWPPP has ben prepared in accordance with the New York State Stormwater Management Design Manual (July 31, 2024). The required Water Quality Volume (WQv), Runoff Reduction Volume (RRv), and Water Quantity Treatment requirements of the GP-0-25-001 permit have been met. A Notice of Intent (NOI) is required to be submitted to the New York State Department of Conservation (NYSDEC) to obtain coverage under the SPDES permit, this will be submitted by Fort Drum. In accordance with the SPDES permit, any project that included construction activities that include soil disturbance of one or more acres of land, the preparation of a full SWPPP is required.

The requirements of the federal EISA Section 438 for Low Impact Development (LID) and treatment for the 95th percentile rainfall event have also been incorporated.

The SWPPP was developed to provide project planning to minimize soil disturbance. The SWPPP incorporated measures to protect natural features like water bodies, wetlands and wildlife and avoid or limit the disturbance of sensitive areas and any valuable resources. The design of the project attempts to maintain the existing drainage patterns to the extent practicable. The SWPPP provides measures to prevent potential stormwater impacts and erosion and sedimentation from the project site to any downstream areas.

This SWPPP includes a detailed written explanation of all Best Management Practices (BMP’s), activities or structural improvements that help reduce the quantity and improve the quality of stormwater runoff at the project site.

The prime contractor and sub-contractors performing any construction activities that include soil disturbance will be responsible to implement measures outlined in this SWPPP. The contractor(s) must provide and sign a certification that they understand and agree to comply with the terms and conditions of the SWPPP.

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SECTION 2: PROJECT INTRODUCTION

2.1 Project Site Information

Project Name and Address

Project/ Site Name: Runway 03-21 Airfield Lighting Repair Project

Project Street/ Location: Wheeler-Sack Army Airfield, Fort Drum, New York

City: Fort Drum

State: New York

Zip Code: 13061

DEC Region: 6

Business Days and hours for the project: Monday to Friday, 7 am to 6 pm

Project Latitude/ Longitude (from GIS)

Latitude: 44.058960 ° N (Decimal degrees)

Longitude: -75.720122 ° W (Decimal degrees)

Latitude/longitude data source:

☒ MAP ☐ GPS ☐ OTHER (Please specify): Insert Text Here

Horizontal Reference Datum:

☐ NAD 27 ☒ NAD 83 ☐ WGS 85

Type of Construction Site (check all that apply):

☐ Single-Family Residential ☐ Multi-Family Residential ☐ Commercial ☐ Industrial ☐ Institutional ☐ Highway or Road ☐ Utility ☒ Other: Airfield

Size of Construction Site

Size of Property 3,000 acres Total Area Expected to be Disturbed by Construction Activities

Phase 1: 5.1 acres Phase 2: 22.9 acres

Maximum Area Expected to be Disturbed at Any One Time

>5 acres The max disturbed area is not yet determined, and will be minimized as much as practical, but will be greater than 5 acres.

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2.2 Existing Conditions

Wheeler-Sack Army Airfield (WSAAF), located in Fort Drum, must be maintained in continuous operational capability to support rapid deployment of forces at all times. The existing Airfield Lighting Vault (AFLV), Building 2067 is not adequately sized or configured for its current purpose. A lack of adequate heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system can reduce the life of the constant current regulators (CCRs) housed within the vault.

The building arrangement does not meet minimum Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) and National Electrical Code (NEC) workspace clearance, having several violations that compromise mission success and expose airfield maintenance personnel to unnecessary risks.

The airfield lighting (AFL) infrastructure is increasingly unreliable which impacts the mission readiness of the airfield and thus the deployment capability of the Division. The existing conditions and requirements require immediate action to replace and repair the deteriorated AFL infrastructure and shoulder pavement for Runway 03-

21. The AFL and visual Navigational Aid (NAVAID) infrastructure for Runway 03-21 is obsolete, deteriorated, and prone to failure. The replacement of the conduits and junction structures is necessary due to the compromised nature of the entire existing AFL distribution system. In many locations the AFL circuit cables are direct buried, without any means to repair or maintain individual circuits that are failing. In other cases, the cables are mixed with electrical utility distribution and communication circuits. The shoulder pavements and edge lighting and signage infrastructure have numerous deficiencies that will impede the mission at WSAAF.

The Runway 03-21 pavement surface, except for the south 1,400 feet, is in generally satisfactory condition. The south 1,400 feet of Runway 03-21 pavement condition index (PCI) was reported at 68 which is a “Fair” condition and below the typical minimum condition rating of 70 for sustained jet operations. At a nominal annual deterioration rate, the PCI will likely drop to the low 60s even with pavement maintenance and sustainment efforts. This pavement condition increases the potential for foreign object debris (FOD) that can cause damage to aircraft and significant mishaps.

See Figure 1 below for existing conditions.

There are a few areas noted to have a varying degree of PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl subtances) contamination. These areas are identified in the plans on sheet GI104. Management of PFAS contaminated soils must be in accordance with the project specifications and plans. While they are excavated the stockpiles must be surrounded by silt fence and any nearby stormwater inlets protected to prevent PFAS from entering the drainage system. Stockpiles must be maintained in accordance with “Management Policy for PFAS Contaminated Soils Originating on Fort Drum” Document included in Specification section 02 61 13. A Diagram showing a detailed breakdown on PFAS concentrations is included in Appendix P.

See Figure 2 below for PFAS contaminated soils map.

Jacobs EwingCole, JV. 10 Rev 001

Figure 1 – Existing Conditions

Figure 2 – PFAS Contaminated Soils Map

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2.3 Nature of the Construction Activity

The Runway 03-21 Airfield Lighting Repair Project consists of proposed lighting and signage improvements and runway repair to the WSAAF. The project site is owned and operated by the US Army Corps of Engineers.

This project will repair the Runway 03-21 edge and in-pavement lighting fixtures, visual NAVAIDs, and infrastructure to include the repair by replacement of the AFLV. A related and required project element includes Runway 03 end pavement repair and shoulder pavement repairs.

The following are the primary program elements that were validated at the Charrette:

Replace/relocate the AFLV, Building 2067, with a new approximately 5,000-square-foot (SF)1building.

o Replace CCRs with switchgear type lineups o Building electrical distribution o Building HVAC o Building fire protection system (fire alarm system, a sprinkler system is not required) o Building plumbing system (potable and sanitary systems are not required) o Building security system o Airfield lighting control and monitoring system (ALCMS) o Mountain Ramp flood lighting power and control system o Replacement of the AFLV generators with a single diesel generator, external to the new AFLV o Paved parking area and access roadway o Extension of existing utility infrastructure including power, communications, water, and natural gas o Interior finishes, furnishings, fixtures, and equipment.

Repair/replace runway edge, end, and threshold lights (including fixtures and base cans) on Runway 03-21.

Repair and replace airfield guidance signs, mandatory pilot instruction (hold) signs, and distance remaining marker signs that are applicable to Runway 03-21.

Provide positive drainage of the AFL conduit infrastructure to prevent trapped water and ice damage.

Reconstruct full-depth runway shoulder pavements to match the existing 25 and 40 foot widths.

Restore runway, runway edge, and shoulder markings in the areas of work.

Install AFL home run duct banks with a junction can plaza system and install new AFL cable to all airfield lights and signs within project footprint. Within the project footprint, home run duct banks will be appropriately sized with spare capacity to support future extension as part of the remaining CIP projects.

Intercept existing AFL home run circuiting with new cabling within the project footprint originating from CCRs in the new AFLV. The new AFLV will energize and control all AFL on the airfield at commissioning. Replace Runway 03 and 21 precision approach path indicators (PAPIs) and site access roads.

Replace Runways 03 and 21 end wind cones.

Jacobs EwingCole, JV. 12 Rev 001

Repair the site infrastructure for the Runways 03 and 21 instrument landing system (ILS).

Reconstruct 1,400 feet of full-strength Portland cement concrete (PCC) pavement and full width shoulders at the southern end of Runway 03. The PCC pavement thickness will match existing.

Replace the in-pavement approach lighting system with sequenced flashing lights (ALSF-1) approach light fixtures, bases, and all underground infrastructure within the 1,400-foot section of Runway 03 that is reconstructed.

Miscellaneous demolition and restoration

Runway shoulder grading (within the area of shoulder repair work)

The project site consists of approximately 311 acres, of which 27.06 acres will be disturbed, primarily runway shoulders and grassed areas alongside the runways. The site will remain in it’s current use, as the projects goal is to improve the existing airfield. The building additions will amount in an increase in impervious area by approximately

0.07 acres.

Where possible, current grades on site are proposed to be maintained. Regrading is required for the berms being installed in the existing drainage swales.

Construction disturbance will be minimized to the extent possible but will not be less than 5 acres. This is particularly the case during the second construction season, when the runway reconstruction will take place. During periods when greater than 5 acres will be disturbed at one time, the Qualified Inspector for the project must complete two inspections per week instead of one (per NYSDEC requirements).

Hotspot pre-treatment will only be required around the fueling and transfer station, including a pre-treatment sand filter as well as an infiltration basin to provide required treatment to meet NYS Stormwater SPDES General Permit GP-0-25-001 criteria.

See Figure 2 below for an overview of the removals of structures and pavement on the site.

Jacobs EwingCole, JV. 13 Rev 001

Figure 2 - Removals Plan

2.4 Construction Phasing

Airfield operations and the use of Runway 03-21 to support large frame fixed wing aircraft will be affected to complete the required tasks associated with this project. To minimize the overall impact to airfield operations and in an effort to minimize disruptions to Runway 03-21, the project design was approached with an understanding the project will be phased to account for the time required for the Contractor to mobilize to the project site, to procure all necessary materials and equipment, and to gain approval of all required preconstruction submittals, and complete the individual features of work.

Jacobs EwingCole, JV. 14 Rev 001

The project construction work area includes approximately 27.06 acres of soil disturbance. Work activities will be phased in such a manner to limit the total area of site disturbance to the extent possible but will likely exceed 5 acres. Work areas are anticipated to overlap at times while construction in areas progress and are stabilized.

Prior written authorization is required from Fort Drum (as the Owner) and the NYSDEC to disturb greater than five

(5) acres of soil at any one time. The minimum additional requirements noted below would need to be complied with in order to receive authorization to disturb greater than 5 acres at any one time.

a) The Qualified Inspector would be required to complete two (2) weekly site inspections rather than one (1).

b) In areas where soil disturbance activities have temporarily ceased, the application

c) of soil stabilization measures must be initiated by the end of the next business day and be completed within seven (7) days.

d) A construction phasing plan must be prepared to define the maximum disturbed area per phase, and depict required cuts and fills.

e) Install additional site-specific practices to protect water quality.

The project was proposed with multiple courses of actions, each broken out into phases of construction. The recommended course of action (COA 1) is broken down by the following phasing.

COA 1 models the best-case scenario with regards to minimizing the duration Runway 03-21 is affected by construction activities. COA 1 aims to reduce the construction timeline for work on Runway 03-21 and within the VFR hold lines, and proposes to complete all work within the VFR hold lines prior to Runway 03-21 opening on 01 November of the first year. However, the project’s period of performance is still expected to take a minimum of 2 calendar years to complete due to the time required to construct the AFLV and install the ductbank infrastructure for the portion of the ductbank outside the VFR hold lines.

Although COA 1 proposes to complete all paving work within 1 calendar year as part of Phase 2, the proposed COA 1 phasing plan uses the Phase 1 (first calendar year) after NTP to complete all required permitting, submit and gain approval of the PCC mix design and JMF, and acquire all of the required construction materials to include the electrical materials that are expected to require a long lead time to procure and complete all required test sections and approval for the intended means and methods. The phasing plan was developed after discussions with Airfield Operations Management during the Design Charrette with the understanding that the work will require the closure of Runway 03-21 and there may be minimal benefit to shorten Runway 03-21. PCC and HMA paving would not be scheduled during the winter months due to the asphalt plant closing in November and the slower production rates expected during the winter months. In addition, Fort Drum emphasized the requirement for all work within the hold lines of Runway 03-21 to be complete prior to 01 November of each year to support large, fixed wing operations on the runway when construction is paused because of inclement weather. Phase 1, therefore, will include the start of construction of the AFLV and the installation of the ductbank located in the turf infields. No PCC or HMA pavement will be demolished or reconstructed as part of Phase 1 due to the expected long lead times associated with the submittal and approval of the PCC mix design and JMF, the completion of the PCC and HMA test sections, and the procurement of all required materials to include the long lead electrical materials. The goal of Phase 1 is to have all testing and material procurement completed prior to starting pavement demolition for Phase 2, which will minimize the risks associated with the Contractor not having the Phase 2 work completed prior 01 November. In addition, Phase 1 would include the installation of the electrical ductbank installed via horizontal directional drilling beneath airfield pavement. This installation method would not require the reconstruction of airfield pavement and would not impact airfield operations. Erosion control measures will be installed in this phase, but no SMPs will be constructed until Phase 2, as no pavement will be disturbed during this phase. Figure 3 below shows the proposed Phase 1 plan for COA 1.

Jacobs EwingCole, JV. 15 Rev 001

Figure 3 – Course of Action 1 – Phase 1 Diagram

Phase 2 for COA 1 would include the completion of the AFLV and site improvements, the installation of the electrical ductbank to include all required crossings of airfield pavement, the PCC pavement reconstruction within the Runway 03 displaced threshold, the runway shoulder reconstruction, ILS site improvements, and all other work tasks within the scope of the project. The proposed SMPs; earthen dams for dry swales, sand filter, and infiltration trenches, will also all be constructed during this phase. Phase 2 is the most aggressive proposed phase and relies on the completion and approval of all preconstruction submittals, test sections, and material procurement to complete the work. Phase 2 includes both the PCC reconstruction and runway shoulder pavement reconstruction based on discussion with Airfield Operations Management, who confirmed that WSAAF would gain minimal benefit of a shortened Runway 03-21 because of the required takeoff and landing distances associated with a C-5 aircraft. The other proposed COAs (COA 2 and 3) require additional work and lengthen the duration of construction, greatly impacting WSAAF’s mission readiness and prolonging potential impacts due to construction activities. Therefore, Phase 2 within COA 1 is the most aggressive option but provides Fort Drum with a plan to complete the work with the goal to minimize impacts to airfield operations. Figure 4 below shows the proposed Phase 2 plan for COA 1.

Figure 4 – Course of Action 1 – Phase 2 Diagram

Jacobs EwingCole, JV. 16 Rev 001

This recommendation was approved of with the change of shifting all of the ductbank trenching along Runway 03- 21 to Phase 2. With this shift, the only work included in Phase 1 of the project will be the work related to Airfield Lighting Vault and site improvements, as well as ductbank installation not alongside Runway 03-21. See Figure 5 below for a breakdown on the new phasing.

Figure 5 – Phasing Plan

Jacobs EwingCole, JV. 17 Rev 001

SECTION 3: EXISTING TOPOGRAPHY AND SOIL

INFORMATION

3.1 Site Topography

The site is located at the Wheeler-Sack Army Airfield within Fort Drum Army Base in Jefferson County, west of the Black River. The site has several existing vegetated drainage swales that generally slope to the north and west towards an undisturbed buffer area which then drains to Pleasant Creek. There are no freshwater wetlands, tidal wetlands, or regulated areas on the upland portion of the project site. The design accounts for future site expansion within Wheeler-Sack Army Airfield.

The project site is primarily split between paved and landscaped, and there are also multiple existing buildings. The buildings and pavement utilize an existing drainage network that connects the large, vegetated drainage swales in series until they drain off site. Each vegetated swale is graded at approximately a 0.5% slope, but there are some areas with steeper local slopes.

3.2 Flood Zones

Per the FEMA Preliminary Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) dated January 8, 2014 the site is not within any flood hazard zones or associated 100-year base flood elevations. These elevations and all other elevations referenced in this report are with respect to the North American Vertical Datum 1988 (NAVD88) unless otherwise noted. Refer to Figure 5a/b/c/d below showing the lack of 100-year flood zones within the project site.

Figure 5a. Flood Map at Wheeler-Sack Army Airfield from FEMA FIRM (Source: FEMA, 2014)

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Figure 5b. Flood Map at Wheeler-Sack Army Airfield from FEMA FIRM (Source: FEMA, 2014)

Figure 5c. Flood Map at Wheeler-Sack Army Airfield from FEMA FIRM (Source: FEMA, 2014)

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Figure 5d, Flood Map Legend

Groundwater and Soil Quality The Project Site is not within any New York State (NYS) Brownfield Cleanup Program sites, and the minimal excavations will not be deep enough to impact groundwater.

3.3 Soil Classification

Soil Types

The soils on the site are variations of Plainfield sand/soil as shown in the table below. Plainfield sand, which comprises virtually the entire site, is classified in Hydrologic Soil Group A, meaning it has a high capacity for drainage and low run-off potential. The soils map and information from the USDA.

The NRCS Web Soil Survey in the project area can be found in Appendix I.

Geotechnical

In January of 2024, a subsurface exploration and geotechnical engineering evaluation for design and construction of the proposed project was completed by a third party. This exploration concluded that neither groundwater or bedrock were encountered in the 25-foot deep boring. The available geotechnical information is included in Appendix I.

3.4 Surface Waters

The following Figure 6a/b/c/d is from the site https://gisservices.dec.ny.gov/gis/stormwater/ in January 2024 to indicate the water bodies adjacent to the site, their boundaries, and their classifications.

Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Percentage of Site PoB Plainfield sand, 0 to 8 percent slopes 99.9%

PpD Plainfield and Windsor soils, hilly 0.1%

CUI

https://gisservices.dec.ny.gov/gis/stormwater/

Jacobs EwingCole, JV. 20 Rev 001

Figure 6a. Waterbodies Adjacent to Project Site – Black River (PWL ID: 0801-0190) (Location Map)

Figure 6b. Waterbodies Adjacent to Project Site – Minor Trib. to Pleasant Creek (PWL ID: 0906-0042) (Location Map)

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Figure 6c. Waterbodies Adjacent to Project Site – Minor Trib. to Pleasant Creek (PWL ID: 0906-0042) (Location Map)

Figure 6d. Waterbodies Adjacent to Project Site – Minor Trib. to Pleasant Creek (PWL ID: 0906-0042) (Location Map)

Wetland delineation and mapping on Fort Drum is conducted by the Fort Drum Environmental Division. No wetlands have been indicated on the GIS CAD mapping provided by Fort Drum for the project area.

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SECTION 4: EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROLS

4.1 Erosion Control Practices

4.1.1 Standard NYSDEC Practices

Erosion and sediment control (ESC) component – This SWPPP includes erosion and sediment control practices designed in conformance with the technical standard, New York State Standards and Specifications for Erosion and Sediment Control (NYS Blue Book), dated November 2016. If future revisions are made and those erosion and sediment control practices are not designed in conformance with the design criteria included in the technical standard, the Developer and Contractor must demonstrate equivalence to the technical standard.

The ESC for the project will be standard ESC Practices including but not limited to those outlined below.

Specific Erosion and Sediment Controls

Construction Entrance Reference Detail C-501.1 Reference Standard Design Specifications

NYS Blue Book Page 2.30

How does this practice meet the standards and requirements?

The practice will be used at all points of construction ingress/egress.

Silt Fence Reference Detail C-501.2 Reference Standard Design Specifications

NYS Blue Book Page 5.54

How does this practice meet the standards and requirements?

The practice will be used at locations indicated on plans and wherever disturbance is located upslope to allow sediment to settle before leaving the project area.

Inlet Sediment Filter Bag Reference Detail C-501.3 Reference Standard Design Specifications

NYS Blue Book Page 5.57

How does this practice meet the standards and requirements?

The practice will be used at every existing and proposed inlet within the limit of disturbance until the site is stabilized.

Portable Sediment Tank Reference Detail C-501.4 Reference Standard Design Specifications

NYS Blue Book Page 5.44

Jacobs EwingCole, JV. 23 Rev 001

How does this practice meet the standards and requirements?

The practice will be used during any dewatering to retain sediment from pumped water.

Concrete Truck Washout Reference Detail C-501.5 Reference Standard Design Specifications

NYS Blue Book Page 2.24

How does this practice meet the standards and requirements?

The practice will be used during any dewatering to retain sediment from pumped water.

4.1.2 Nonstandard ESC Practices

Not applicable

4.1.3 Construction Erosion and Sediment Controls

I. Erosion and Sediment Control Practices

Erosion and sediment control installation will begin prior to the start of any earthwork activities. Silt fence shall be installed along the down slope extent of planned earthwork activities. Primary silt fence locations are where there is the potential for runoff to leave the site or impact downstream waterways. Extreme care should be taken to protect the down slope ends of utility trench excavations in the event of a rainstorm.

Protection should include silt fencing along the lower portions of the excavation to prevent overflowing sediment from reaching the natural drainage channels. Additionally, during Phase 2 of construction, earthen check dams will be installed within the existing drainage channels to filter and contain any sediment that may runoff. Inlet protection should be placed around catch basins for additional protection from siltation and further movement of sediment downstream. All silt fence, stone check dams and inlet protection shall remain in place and be maintained until construction activity in the area is complete and vegetation is established.

The total project soil disturbance area is 27.06 acres. This disturbance is associated with reconstruction of existing impervious and pervious areas. Disturbance will be limited to the extent feasible but will likely result in greater than 5 acres being disturbed at one time during some time periods. Temporary or permanent stabilization will be placed prior to progressing work into the next area. Additionally, temporary stabilization will be placed over areas in which construction activities have ceased, or plan to be ceased for more than 7 days.

II. Pollution Prevention Measures

Step 1: Pre-Construction Actions

Stabilized Construction Entrance Establish a temporary construction entrance to capture mud and debris from construction vehicles before they enter any airfield runways or support roads.

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Stabilize bare areas (entrances, construction routes, equipment parking areas) immediately as work takes place. Top these areas with gravel or maintain vegetative cover.

Sediment tracked onto runways/roads should be removed or cleaned immediately upon discovery.

Perimeter Sediment Controls Install silt fences based on appropriate spacing intervals. Silt fence should be placed on or parallel to contours where there is no concentration of water flowing to the silt fence and where erosion occurs in the form of sheet erosion. The area below the silt fence should be undisturbed ground.

Install additional silt fences and barriers as needed during grading.

Install silt fences, at the toe of slope, surrounding all soil stockpiles.

Step 2: Runoff and Drainage Control

Runoff Control Install earthen check dams along existing drainage channels during Phase 2 when impervious pavement will be disturbed.

Runoff Conveyance System Install earthen check dams along existing drainage channels during Phase 2 when impervious pavement will be disturbed.

Install inlet protection at all inlets into the existing drainage system.

Step 3: Grading

Limit the initial clearing and earth disturbance to that necessary to install sediment control measures. Excavation for utilities, footings, clearing, or other earth disturbance may only take place after the sediment and erosion controls are installed.

Stockpile the topsoil removed from the site. The topsoil should be protected, stabilized and sited in a location away from the runways, storm drains, and water bodies.

As grading continues, soil restoration shall be performed in all areas impacted by construction that will not be impervious surfaces. Soil restoration includes the loosening and decompaction of over compacted subgrade and topsoil to promote infiltration and plant root growth and reduce runoff.

Step 4: Stabilization

Implement seeding, mulching, top soiling or other appropriate measures to keep the soil in place.

Stabilization should be completed immediately for the surface of all perimeter controls and perimeter slopes.

When activities temporarily cease during construction, soil stockpiles and exposed soil should be stabilized by seed, mulch or other appropriate measures as soon as possible, but in no case more than 7 days after construction activity has ceased.

Following initial soil disturbance or re-disturbance, permanent or temporary, stabilization should be completed within 7 days or as soon as possible.

Apply temporary or permanent stabilization measures immediately on all disturbed areas where work is delayed or completed.

All erosion and sediment control measures remain in place until the asphalt or concrete is placed, topsoil, seeding and mulching is complete, and grass is fully established in all areas disturbed by construction activities.

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Temporary stabilization shall take place as soon as practical in areas where work activities have temporarily or permanently ceased, but in no case more that 7 days after construction activity in that portion of the site has ceased.

Step 5: Sediment Control

At any location where surface runoff from disturbed or graded areas may flow off the construction area, sediment control measures must be installed to prevent sediment from being transported off site. No grading, filling or other disturbance is allowed within existing drainage swales.

Swales or other areas that transport concentrated flow should be appropriately stabilized.

Step 6: Maintenance and Inspection

Silt fence, earthen check dams, inlet protection, etc. should be inspected and repaired a minimum of every 7 calendar days and within 24 hours after periods of rainfalls greater than 0.5 inch.

Sediment buildup at silt fences, check dams and inlet protection should be removed when buildup reaches 2-inches or more.

Sediment buildup at any sediment traps or sediment ponds should be removed whenever their capacity has been reduced by fifty percent of the design capacity.

Buildup of sand and debris in ditches and low areas should be checked and removed annually to provide maximum available flow capacity and minimize transport of sediments.

Grass areas surrounding maneuvering areas should be maintained to slow runoff and the transport of sediments.

Buildup of sand and debris within the pretreatment and treatment areas of the sand filters and basin should be checked annually each spring. Sediment should be cleaned when buildup reaches one inch or when water ponds on the surface for more than 48 hours.

Inspection must verify that all practices are adequately operational, maintained properly and that sediment is removed from all control structures.

Inspection must look for evidence of the soil erosion on the site, potential of pollutants entering drainage systems, problems at discharge points (such as turbidity in receiving water), and signs of soil and mud transport from the site to the public road at the entrance.

Step 7: Finalize Grading & Landscaping

All open areas, including borrow and spoil areas must be stabilized.

Permanent topsoil, seed, sod, mulch, riprap or other stabilization practices must be placed in the remaining disturbed areas as appropriate.

Stabilization must be undertaken no later than 7 days after construction activity has ceased.

Remove the temporary control measures.

Step 8: Post Construction Controls

Any disturbed areas will be stabilized, and vegetation established.

The infiltration trenches and basin will be dredged of all sediment above design elevations and stabilized according to the plans and specifications.

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4.2 Sequence of Construction

All earth disturbance activities shall proceed in accordance with the following sequence. Each stage shall be completed and immediately stabilized. The layout of the site and nature of construction make limiting disturbed area difficult, although this has been done wherever feasible. Earthwork shall be limited to only those areas described in each stage. The maximum disturbed area at one time is expected to be more than five acres. A letter requesting prior written authorization for disturbing more than five acres at once has been provided to the NYSDEC. Construction work may vary based on the contractor work plan, provided that all required soil erosion and sediment control (SE&SC) measures are in place prior to working in a given area, and each area is stabilized as soon as practicable upon completion of the work. Any other deviation from the following sequence must be approved in writing from the permit agency.

Construction Sequence Sequence Activity Anticipated Start

Date (month/yr) Anticipated

Duration 1 Notice of Intent – Submitted to NYSDEC by Owner 2 Perform construction stakeout survey to establish horizontal and vertical controls.

2026-2028 Construction Seasons

Phase 1

(Construction projected to start summer of 2026)

3 Install stabilized construction entrances.

4 Install silt fence, inlet protection, sedimentation tanks or other measures, and other erosion control measures.

5 Mobilize and stage equipment and materials.

6 Install concrete washout.

7 Construct Airfield Lighting Vault and Site Improvements 8 Install silt fence, inlet protection, sedimentation tanks or other measures, and other erosion control measures to accommodate new work areas.

2027-2028 Construction Season Phase 2

(Construction projected to end summer of 2028)

9 Install duct bank runway crossings and repair runway surface.

10 Excavate for and install duct bank outside Runway 03-21.

11 Reconstruct Runway 03-21 with full depth PCC pavement.

12 ILS Site Improvements 13 Runway Shoulder Reconstruction, Edge Lighting, Pavement

Markings 14 Signage and Marking Improvements 15 Final grade and surface the roadway.

16 Establish final surface restoration (planting, paving, etc.).

17 Remove temporary erosion control measures.

18 Demobilize construction equipment.

19 Project closeout – Submit Notice of Termination.

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Erosion Control Measures and Associated Activities Phase 1 Activity (In order of construction)

Erosion and sediment control practice

When will practice be installed

Maintenance, replacement and removal of ESCs

Installation of ESC Protection

Silt Fence During

Inspect frequently and after each heavy rainfall. Repair, replace, and/or cleanout as needed.

Storm Drain Inlet Protection

During

Inspect frequently and after each heavy rainfall. Repair, replace, and/or cleanout as needed.

Stabilized Construction Entrance

During

Maintain with periodic top dressing of additional stone as conditions demand. Repair and/or cleanout as needed.

Sediment Tank

Ready on site during installation phase, installed at any dewatering locations prior to dewatering

Inspect frequently and after each heavy rainfall. Repair, replace, and/or cleanout as needed.

Site Pollution Prevention

During

Inspect frequently and after each heavy rainfall. Repair, replace, and/or cleanout as needed.

Construction – utilities and structures

Concrete Truck Washout

Before

To be installed before any concrete pouring or forming.

Inspect daily and deactivate/repair/replace immediately if needed.

Phase 2 Activity (In order of construction)

Erosion and sediment control practice

When will practice be installed

Maintenance, replacement and removal of ESCs

Demolition – paving Dust Control Before

Use of water trucks or barrier to control dust as needed. If a barrier, inspect frequently and repair, replace, or cleanout as needed.

Demolition – utilities and structures

Sediment Tank Before Use for dewatering purposes if necessary

Construction – utilities and structures

Concrete Truck Washout

Before

To be installed before any concrete pouring or forming.

Inspect daily and deactivate/repair/replace immediately if needed.

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Remove all ESC Protection

Remove all practices and dispose of properly

After

4.2.1 Stabilization Measures

Due to the large scale and nature of the scope of the project keeping disturbed area below 5 acres is not expected to be consistently possible. Because of this, the project will be requesting to disturb greater than 5 acres at a time during the 2026 construction season (during the 2025 construction season disturbed area will likely stay below 5 acres). A good faith effort will be made to temporarily and/or permanently stabilize all disturbed areas in a timely manner. All disturbed areas will have erosion control measures in place prior to any disturbance per NYSDEC requirements. A letter requesting disturbance over 5 acres is included in Appendix O.

Due to the potential disturbed area at times being greater than 5 acres, additional requirements for stabilization and inspection are noted below. These requirements must be followed when there will be greater than 5 acres disturbed at a single time.

a. The Qualified Inspector would be required to complete two (2) weekly site inspections rather than one (1).

b. In areas where soil disturbance activities have temporarily ceased, the application of soil stabilization measures must be initiated by the end of the next business day and be completed within seven (7) days.

Temporary stabilization is required for all areas that are not permanently stabilized within seven days of earthwork being complete. Temporary stabilization must begin as soon as practical in areas where work activities have ceased, or where work plans to be ceased for more than 7 days. For the proposed green spaces, temporary stabilization must comply with the NYS DEC Blue Book requirements for:

Stabilization matting; Section 4.5 Fertilizer application; Section 4.21 Seeding restoration; Section 4.45 Soil restoration; Section 4.52 Temporary Construction Area Seeding; Section 4.58

Permanent stabilization is completed through both pavement and grass. Areas that are not pavement are to have mulch/seed installed within 7 days of disturbance.

Winter stabilization is not expected to be necessary, as all of the work from the 2025 construction season is expected to be permanently stabilized by the end of 2025.

Jacobs EwingCole, JV. 29 Rev 001

4.3 Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping Practices

4.3.1 Construction Site Pollutants

The project will have the following pollutant-generating activities: (no PCBs or asbestos)

Pollutant-Generating Activity

Pollutants or Pollutant Constituents

(that could be discharged if exposed to stormwater)

Location on Site (or reference SWPPP site map where this is shown)

Required Setbacks from Drains and Open Water (as required)

Excavation Sediment Site-wide

Concrete Cement, Concrete, and Associated Waste/Products/Additives

Runway reconstruction, building equipment pad, building components

Concrete Washout – 25’

Waste Disposal Solid Construction Waste, and Sanitary Waste Site-wide Sanitary Waste Disposal – 25’

Materials Detergents, Petroleum Based Products, and Rubber/Plastic Products

Site-wide

Paving Operation Asphalt and Fuels

Runway reconstruction, access road reconstruction, roadway construction for AFLV

Fueling – 25’

Paint Paints and Solvents Runway restoration

Petroleum Bulk Storage Fuels AFLV area Fueling – 25’

Transfer Operations Fuels AFLV area Fueling – 25’

4.3.2 Materials and Substance Management

The following common construction materials and substances may be present onsite during construction:

Concrete/Additives/Wastes Paints/Solvents Sanitary Wastes Cleaning Solvents Petroleum Based Products Pesticides Solid and Construction Waste Soil Stabilization Additives

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The following are the…