23 07 00 Thermal Insulation for Mechanical Systems.pdf

UFGS

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 1

SECTION 23 07 00

THERMAL INSULATION FOR MECHANICAL SYSTEMS

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to within the text by the basic designation only. At the discretion of the Government, the manufacturer of any material supplied will be required to furnish test reports pertaining to any of the tests necessary to assure compliance with the standard or standards referenced in this specification.

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING

ENGINEERS (ASHRAE)

ASHRAE 90.1 - IP (2004; Addendas a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,r,s,t,u,v,x,a k 2006; Supp to Addendas 2006; Errata 2007;

Interpretations 8 - 15:2007; Errata 2008; INT 16 2008) Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings, I-P Edition

ASHRAE 90.1 - SI (2004; Addendas a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,r,s,t,u,v,x,a k 2006; Supp to Addendas 2006; Errata 2007;

Interpretations 8 - 15:2007; Errata 2008; INT 16 2008) Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings, SI Edition

ASHRAE 90.2 (2007) Energy Efficient Design of Low-Rise

Residential Buildings

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

ASTM A 167 (1999; R 2004) Standard Specification for

Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip

ASTM A 240/A 240M (2007e1) Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications

ASTM A 580/A 580M (2006) Standard Specification for Stainless

Steel Wire

ASTM B 209 (2007) Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate

ASTM B 209M (2007) Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate (Metric)

ASTM C 1126 (2004) Standard Specification for Faced or

Unfaced Rigid Cellular Phenolic Thermal Insulation

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 2

ASTM C 1136 (2006) Standard Specification for Flexible, Low Permeance Vapor Retarders for Thermal

ASTM C 1290 (2006) Standard Specification for Flexible

Fibrous Glass Blanket Insulation Used to Externally Insulate HVAC Ducts

ASTM C 1427 (2007) Specification for Preformed Flexible

Cellular Polyolefin Thermal Insulation in Sheet and Tubular Form

ASTM C 195 (2000) Standard Specification for Mineral

Fiber Thermal Insulating Cement

ASTM C 449/C 449M (2007) Standard Specification for Mineral

Fiber Hydraulic-Setting Thermal Insulating and Finishing Cement

ASTM C 533 (2007) Standard Specification for Calcium

Silicate Block and Pipe Thermal Insulation

ASTM C 534 (2007a) Standard Specification for Preformed

Flexible Elastomeric Cellular Thermal Insulation in Sheet and Tubular Form

ASTM C 547 (2007) Standard Specification for Mineral

Fiber Pipe Insulation

ASTM C 552 (2007) Standard Specification for Cellular

Glass Thermal Insulation

ASTM C 553 (2002) Standard Specification for Mineral

Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for Commercial and Industrial Applications

ASTM C 591 (2007) Standard Specification for Unfaced

Preformed Rigid Cellular Polyisocyanurate Thermal Insulation

ASTM C 592 (2004) Standard Specification for Mineral

Fiber Blanket Insulation and Blanket-Type Pipe Insulation (Metal-Mesh Covered) (Industrial Type)

ASTM C 610 (2007) Standard Specification for Molded

Expanded Perlite Block and Pipe Thermal

ASTM C 612 (2004) Mineral Fiber Block and Board Thermal

ASTM C 647 (1995; R 2000) Properties and Tests of

Mastics and Coating Finishes for Thermal

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 3

ASTM C 665 (2006) Mineral-Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for Light Frame Construction and Manufactured Housing

ASTM C 795 (2003) Standard Specification for Thermal

Insulation for Use in Contact with Austenitic Stainless Steel

ASTM C 916 (1985; R 2007) Standard Specification for

Adhesives for Duct Thermal Insulation

ASTM C 920 (2005) Standard Specification for Elastomeric

Joint Sealants

ASTM C 921 (2003a) Standard Practice for Determining the

Properties of Jacketing Materials for Thermal

ASTM D 774/D 774M (1997; R 2007) Bursting Strength of Paper

ASTM D 882 (2002) Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic

Sheeting

ASTM E 2231 (2007a) Specimen Preparation and Mounting of

Pipe and Duct Insulation Materials to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics

ASTM E 84 (2008a) Standard Test Method for Surface

Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

ASTM E 96/E 96M (2005) Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor

Transmission of Materials

MANUFACTURERS STANDARDIZATION SOCIETY OF THE VALVE AND FITTINGS

INDUSTRY (MSS)

MSS SP-69 (2003; R 2004) Standard for Pipe Hangers and

Supports - Selection and Application

MIDWEST INSULATION CONTRACTORS ASSOCIATION (MICA)

MICA Insulation Stds (1999) National Commercial & Industrial

Insulation Standards

NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (NFPA)

NFPA 255 (2005; Errata 2006) Standard Method of Test of Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

NFPA 96 (2007) Ventilation Control and Fire

Protection of Commercial Cooking Operations

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE (DOD)

MIL-A-3316 (Rev C; Am 2) Adhesives, Fire-Resistant, Thermal Insulation

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 4

UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES (UL)

UL 723 (2003; Rev thru May 2005) Standard for Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

1.2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

1.2.1 General

Field-applied insulation and accessories on mechanical systems shall be as specified herein; factory-applied insulation is specified under the piping, duct or equipment to be insulated. Insulation of heat distribution systems and chilled water systems outside of buildings shall be as specified in Section 33 61 00 PREFABRICATED UNDERGROUND HEATING/COOLING DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM. Field applied insulation materials required for use on Government-furnished items as listed in the SPECIAL CONTRACT REQUIREMENTS shall be furnished and installed by the Contractor.

1.2.2 Surface Burning Characteristics

Unless otherwise specified, insulation shall have a maximum flame spread index of 25 and a maximum smoke developed index of 50 when tested in accordance with ASTM E 84. Flame spread, and smoke developed indexes, shall be determined by ASTM E 84, NFPA 255 or UL 723. Insulation shall be tested in the same density and installed thickness as the material to be used in the actual construction. Test specimens shall be prepared and mounted according to ASTM E 2231. Insulation materials located exterior to the building perimeter are not required to be fire rated.

1.2.3 Recycled Materials

Provide thermal insulation containing recycled materials to the extent practicable, provided that the materials meets all other requirements of this section. The minimum recycled material content of the following insulation are:

Rock Wool - 75 percent slag of weight Fiberglass - 20-25 percent glass cullet by weight Rigid Foam - 9 percent recovered material

1.3 SUBMITTALS

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation;

submittals not having a "G" designation are for information only. When used, a designation following the "G" designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government. The following shall be submitted in accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

Submit the three SD types, SD-02 Shop Drawings, SD-03 Product Data, and SD- 08 Manufacturer's Instructions at the same time for each system.

SD-02 Shop Drawings

MICA Plates; G Pipe Insulation Systems and Associated Accessories Duct Insulation Systems and Associated Accessories Equipment Insulation Systems and Associated Accessories

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 5

After approval of materials and prior to applying insulation, submit a booklet containing completed MICA Insulation Stds plates detailing each insulating system for each pipe, duct, or equipment insulating system.

a. The MICA plates shall detail the materials to be installed the specific insulation application. Submit all MICA plates required showing the entire insulating system, including plates required to show insulation penetrations, vessel bottom and top heads, legs, and skirt insulation as applicable. The MICA plates shall present all variations of insulation systems including locations, materials, vaporproofing, jackets and insulation accessories.

b. If the Contractor elects to submit detailed drawings instead of edited MICA Plates, the detail drawings shall be technically equivalent to the edited MICA Plate submittal.

SD-03 Product Data

Pipe Insulation Systems; G Duct Insulation Systems; G Equipment Insulation Systems; G

A complete list of materials, including manufacturer's descriptive technical literature, performance data, catalog cuts, and installation instructions. The product number, k-value, thickness and furnished accessories including adhesives, sealants and jackets for each mechanical system requiring insulation shall be included.

The product data must be copywrited, have an identifying or publication number, and shall have been published prior to the issuance date of this solicitation. Materials furnished under this section of the specification shall be submitted together in a booklet and in conjunction with the MICA plates booklet (SD-02).

Annotate the product data to indicate which MICA plate is applicable.

SD-08 Manufacturer's Instructions

Pipe Insulation Systems; G Duct Insulation Systems; G Equipment Insulation Systems; G

Submit a booklet containing manufacturer's published installation instructions for the insulation systems in coordination with the submitted MICA Insulation Stds plates booklet. Annotate their installation instructions to indicate which product data and which MICA plate are applicable. The instructions must be copywrited, have an identifying or publication number, and shall have been published prior to the issuance date of this solicitation.

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

Qualified installers shall have successfully completed three or more similar type jobs within the last 5 years.

1.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 6

Materials shall be delivered in the manufacturer's unopened containers.

Materials delivered and placed in storage shall be provided with protection from weather, humidity, dirt, dust and other contaminants. The Contracting Officer may reject insulation material and supplies that become dirty, dusty, wet, or contaminated by some other means. Packages or standard containers of insulation, jacket material, cements, adhesives, and coatings delivered for use, and samples required for approval shall have manufacturer's stamp or label attached giving the name of the manufacturer and brand, and a description of the material. Insulation packages and containers shall be asbestos free.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 GENERAL QUALITY CONTROL

Provide materials which are the standard products of manufacturers regularly engaged in the manufacture of such products and that essentially duplicate items that have been in satisfactory use for at least 2 years prior to bid opening. Provide insulation systems in accordance with the approved MICA National Insulation Standards plates as supplemented by this specification.

Provide field-applied insulation for heating, ventilating, and cooling (HVAC) air distribution systems and piping systems which are located within, on, under, and adjacent to buildings; and for plumbing systems.

2.2 MATERIALS

Provide insulation that meets or exceed the requirements of ASHRAE 90.1 - SI(ASHRAE 90.1 - IP. Insulation exterior shall be cleanable, grease resistant, non-flaking and non-peeling. Materials shall be compatible and shall not contribute to corrosion, soften, or otherwise attack surfaces to which applied in either wet or dry state. Materials to be used on stainless steel surfaces shall meet ASTM C 795 requirements. Materials shall be asbestos free and conform to the following:

2.2.1 Adhesives

2.2.1.1 Acoustical Lining Insulation Adhesive

Adhesive shall be a nonflammable, fire-resistant adhesive conforming to ASTM C 916, Type I.

2.2.1.2 Mineral Fiber Insulation Cement

Cement shall be in accordance with ASTM C 195.

2.2.1.3 Lagging Adhesive

Lagging is the material used for thermal insulation, especially around a cylindrical object. This may include the insulation as well as the cloth/material covering the insulation. Lagging adhesives shall be nonflammable and fire-resistant and shall have a maximum flame spread index of 25 and a maximum smoke developed index of 50 when tested in accordance with ASTM E 84. Adhesive shall be MIL-A-3316, Class 1, pigmented white and be suitable for bonding fibrous glass cloth to faced and unfaced fibrous glass insulation board; for bonding cotton brattice cloth to faced and unfaced fibrous glass insulation board; for sealing edges of and bonding glass tape to joints of fibrous glass board; for bonding lagging cloth to thermal insulation; or Class 2 for attaching fibrous glass insulation to

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 7 metal surfaces. Lagging adhesives shall be applied in strict accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations for pipe and duct insulation.

2.2.2 Contact Adhesive

Adhesives may be any of, but not limited to, the neoprene based, rubber based, or elastomeric type that have a maximum flame spread index of 25 and a maximum smoke developed index of 50 when tested in accordance with ASTM E

84. The adhesive shall not adversely affect, initially or in service, the insulation to which it is applied, nor shall it cause any corrosive effect on metal to which it is applied. Any solvent dispersing medium or volatile component of the adhesive shall have no objectionable odor and shall not contain any benzene or carbon tetrachloride. The dried adhesive shall not emit nauseous, irritating, or toxic volatile matters or aerosols when the adhesive is heated to any temperature up to 212 degrees F. The dried adhesive shall be nonflammable and fire resistant. Natural cross-ventilation, local (mechanical) pickup, and/or general area (mechanical) ventilation shall be used to prevent an accumulation of solvent vapors, keeping in mind the ventilation pattern must remove any heavier-than-air solvent vapors from lower levels of the workspaces. Gloves and spectacle-type safety glasses are recommended in accordance with safe installation practices.

2.2.3 Caulking

ASTM C 920, Type S, Grade NS, Class 25, Use A.

2.2.4 Corner Angles

Nominal 0.016 inch aluminum 1 by 1 inch with factory applied kraft backing.

Aluminum shall be ASTM B 209M( ASTM B 209), Alloy 3003, 3105, or 5005.

2.2.5 Finishing Cement

ASTM C 449/C 449M: Mineral fiber hydraulic-setting thermal insulating and finishing cement. All cements that may come in contact with Austenitic stainless steel must comply with ASTM C 795.

2.2.6 Fibrous Glass Cloth and Glass Tape

Fibrous glass cloth, with 20X20 maximum mesh size, and glass tape shall have maximum flame spread index of 25 and a maximum smoke developed index of 50 when tested in accordance with ASTM E 84. Tape shall be 4 inch wide rolls.

Class 3 tape shall be 4.5 ounces/square yard.

2.2.7 Staples

Outward clinching type ASTM A 167, Type 304 or 316 stainless steel.

2.2.8 Jackets

2.2.8.1 Aluminum Jackets

Aluminum jackets shall be corrugated, embossed or smooth sheet, 0.016 inch nominal thickness; ASTM B 209M( ASTM B 209), Temper H14, Temper H16, Alloy 3003, 5005, or 3105. Corrugated aluminum jacket shall not be used outdoors.

Aluminum jacket securing bands shall be Type 304 stainless steel, 0.015 inch thick, 1/2 inch wide for pipe under 12 inch diameter and 3/4 inch wide for pipe over 12 inch and larger diameter. Aluminum jacket circumferential seam

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 8 bands shall be 2 by 0.016 inch aluminum matching jacket material. Bands for insulation below ground shall be 3/4 by 0.020 inch thick stainless steel, or fiberglass reinforced tape. The jacket may, at the option of the Contractor, be provided with a factory fabricated Pittsburgh or "Z" type longitudinal joint. When the "Z" joint is used, the bands at the circumferential joints shall be designed by the manufacturer to seal the joints and hold the jacket in place.

2.2.8.2 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Jackets

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) jacket and fitting covers shall have high impact strength, UV resistant rating or treatment and moderate chemical resistance with minimum thickness 0.030 inch.

2.2.8.3 Vapor Barrier/Weatherproofing Jacket

Vapor barrier/weatherproofing jacket shall be laminated self-adhesive, greater than 3 plys standard grade, silver, white, black and embossed or greater than 8 ply 2.9 mils adhesive); with 0.0000 permeability when tested per ASTM E 96/E 96M; heavy duty, white or natural; and UV resistant.

2.2.9 Vapor Retarder Required

ASTM C 921, Type I, minimum puncture resistance 50 Beach units on all surfaces except concealed ductwork, where a minimum puncture resistance of 25 Beach units is acceptable. Minimum tensile strength, 35 pounds/inch width. ASTM C 921, Type II, minimum puncture resistance 25 Beach units, tensile strength minimum 20 pounds/inch width. Jackets used on insulation exposed in finished areas shall have white finish suitable for painting without sizing. Based on the application, insulation materials that require factory applied jackets are mineral fiber, cellular glass, polyisocyanurate, and phenolic foam. Insulation materials that do not require jacketing are flexible elastomerics. All non-metallic jackets shall have a maximum flame spread index of 25 and a maximum smoke developed index of 50 when tested in accordance with ASTM E 84.

2.2.9.1 White Vapor Retarder All Service Jacket (ASJ)

Standard reinforced fire retardant jacket for use on hot/cold pipes, ducts, or equipment. Vapor retarder jackets used on insulation exposed in finished areas shall have white finish suitable for painting without sizing.

2.2.9.2 Vapor Retarder/Vapor Barrier Mastic Coatings

a. The vapor barrier shall be self adhesive 2 mils adhesive, 3 mils embossed greater than 3 plys standard grade, silver, white, black and embossed white jacket for use on hot/cold pipes. Less than 0.02 permeability when tested per ASTM E 96/E 96M. Meeting UL 723 or ASTM E 84 flame and smoke requirements; UV resistant.

b. The vapor retarder coating shall be fire and water resistant and appropriately selected for either outdoor or indoor service. Color shall be white. The water vapor permeance of the compound shall be determined according to procedure B of ASTM E 96/E 96M utilizing

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 9 apparatus described in ASTM E 96/E 96M. The coating shall be a nonflammable, fire resistant type. All other application and service properties shall be in accordance with ASTM C 647.

2.2.9.3 Laminated Film Vapor Retarder

ASTM C 1136, Type I, maximum moisture vapor transmission 0.02 perms, minimum puncture resistance 50 Beach units on all surfaces except concealed ductwork, where Type II, maximum moisture vapor transmission 0.02 perms, a minimum puncture resistance of 25 Beach units is acceptable. Vapor retarder shall have a maximum flame spread index of 25 and a maximum smoke developed index of 50 when tested in accordance with ASTM E 84.

2.2.9.4 Polyvinylidene Chloride (PVDC) Film Vapor Retarder

The PVDC film vapor retarder shall have a maximum moisture vapor transmission of 0.02 perms, minimum puncture resistance of 150 Beach units, a minimum tensile strength in any direction of 30 lb/inch when tested per ASTM D 882, and a maximum flame spread index of 25 and a maximum smoke developed index of 50 when tested in accordance with ASTM E 84.

2.2.9.5 Polyvinylidene Chloride Vapor Retarder Adhesive Tape

Requirements must meet the same as specified for Laminated Film Vapor Retarder above.

2.2.9.6 Vapor Barrier

The vapor barrier shall be greater than 3 ply self adhesive laminate -white vapor barrier jacket- superior performance (less than 0.0000 permeability when tested per ASTM E 96/E 96M). Vapor barrier shall meet UL 723 or ASTM E 84 25 flame and 50 smoke requirements; and UV resistant. Minimum burst strength 185 psi per ASTM D 774/D 774M. Tensile strength 68 lb/inch width (PSTC-1000). Tape shall be as specified for laminated film vapor barrier above.

2.2.10 Vapor Retarder Not Required

ASTM C 921, Type II, Class D, minimum puncture resistance 50 Beach units on all surfaces except ductwork, where Type IV, maximum moisture vapor transmission 0.10, a minimum puncture resistance of 25 Beach units is acceptable. Jacket shall have a maximum flame spread index of 25 and a maximum smoke developed index of 50 when tested in accordance with ASTM E 84.

2.2.11 Wire

Soft annealed ASTM A 580/A 580M Type 302, 304 or 316 stainless steel, 16 or 18 gauge.

2.2.12 Insulation Bands

Insulation bands shall be 1/2 inch wide; 26 gauge stainless steel.

2.2.13 Sealants

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 10

Sealants shall be chosen from the butyl polymer type, the styrene-butadiene rubber type, or the butyl type of sealants. Sealants shall have a maximum moisture vapor transmission of 0.02 perms, and a maximum flame spread index of 25 and a maximum smoke developed index of 50 when tested in accordance with ASTM E 84.

2.3 PIPE INSULATION SYSTEMS

Insulation materials shall conform to Table 1. Insulation thickness shall be as listed in Table 2 and meet or exceed the requirements of ASHRAE 90.1 - SI(ASHRAE 90.1 - IP). Insulation thickness shall be 1-inch. Comply with EPA requirements in accordance with Section 01 62 35 RECYCLED / RECOVERED MATERIALS. Pipe insulation materials shall be limited to those listed herein and shall meet the following requirements:

2.3.1 Aboveground Cold Pipeline (-30 to 60 deg. F)

Insulation for outdoor, indoor, exposed or concealed applications, shall be as follows:

a. Cellular Glass: ASTM C 552, Type II, and Type III. Supply the insulation with manufacturer's recommended factory-applied jacket/vapor barrier.

b. Flexible Elastomeric Cellular Insulation: ASTM C 534, Grade 1, Type I or II. Type II shall have vapor retarder/vapor barrier skin on one or both sides of the insulation. Insulation with pre-applied adhesive shall not be used.

c. Phenolic Insulation: ASTM C 1126, Type III. Phenolic insulations shall comply with ASTM C 795 and with the ASTM C 665 paragraph Corrosiveness. Supply the insulation with manufacturer's recommended factory-applied jacket/vapor barrier.

d. Polyisocyanurate Insulation: ASTM C 591, type I. Supply the insulation with manufacturer's recommended factory-applied vapor retarder/vapor barrier. Insulation with pre-applied adhesive shall not be used.

e. Flexible Polyolefin Cellular Insulation: ASTM C 1427, Grade 1 Type I or II.

f. Mineral Fiber Insulation with Integral Wicking Material (MFIWM):

ASTM C 547. Install per manufacturer's instructions.

2.3.2 Aboveground Hot Pipeline (60 deg. F)

Insulation for outdoor, indoor, exposed or concealed applications shall meet the following requirements. Supply the insulation with manufacturer's recommended factory-applied jacket/vapor barrier.

a. Mineral Fiber: ASTM C 547, Types I, II or III, supply the insulation with manufacturer's recommended factory-applied jacket.

c. Cellular Glass: ASTM C 552, Type II and Type III. Supply the insulation with manufacturer's recommended factory-applied jacket.

d. Flexible Elastomeric Cellular Insulation: ASTM C 534, Grade 1, Type I or II to 200 degrees F service.

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 11

e. Phenolic Insulation: ASTM C 1126 Type III to 250 degrees F service shall comply with ASTM C 795. Supply the insulation with manufacturer's recommended factory-applied jacket/vapor barrier.

f. Perlite Insulation: ASTM C 610

g. Polyisocyanurate Insulation: ASTM C 591, Type 1, to 300 degrees F service. Supply the insulation with manufacturer's recommended factory applied jacket/vapor barrier.

h. Flexible Polyolefin Cellular Insulation: ASTM C 1427, Grade 1 Type I or II to 200 degrees F.

2.3.3 Above Ground Dual Temperature Pipeline

Selection of insulation for use over a dual temperature pipeline system (Outdoors, Indoor - Exposed or Concealed) shall be in accordance with the most limiting/restrictive case. Find an allowable material from paragraph PIPE INSULATION MATERIALS and determine the required thickness from the most restrictive case. Use the thickness listed in paragraphs INSULATION THICKNESS for cold & hot pipe applications.

2.3.4 Below-ground Pipeline Insulation

For below-ground pipeline insulation the following requirements shall be met.

2.3.4.1 Cellular Glass

ASTM C 552, type II.

2.3.4.2 Polyisocyanurate

ASTM C 591, Type 1, to 300 degrees F.

2.4 DUCT INSULATION SYSTEMS

2.4.1 Duct Insulation

Provide factory-applied cellular glass polyisocyanurate or phenolic foam elastomeric insulation. Provide factory applied elastomeric closed cell or phenolic foam insulation according to manufacturer's recommendations for insulation with insulation manufacturer's standard reinforced fire-retardant vapor barrier , with identification of installed thermal resistance (R) value and out-of-package R value.

2.4.1.1 Rigid Insulation

Rigid mineral fiber in accordance with ASTM C 612, Class 2 (maximum surface temperature 400 degrees F, 3 pcf average, 1-1/2 inch thick, Type IA, IB, II, III, and IV. Alternately, minimum thickness may be calculated in accordance with ASHRAE 90.1 - SI(ASHRAE 90.1 - IP).

2.4.1.2 Blanket Insulation

Blanket flexible mineral fiber insulation conforming to ASTM C 553, Type 1, Class B-3, 3/4 pcf nominal, 2.0 inches thick or Type II up to 250 degrees F.

Also ASTM C 1290 Type III may be used.

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 12

2.4.2 Kitchen Exhaust Ductwork Insulation

Minimum insulation thickness of 2 inches, blocks or boards, either mineral fiber conforming to ASTM C 612, Class 5, 20 pcf average [or calcium silicate conforming to ASTM C 533, Type II. Provide vapor barrier for outside air connection to kitchen exhaust hood.

2.4.3 Acoustical Duct Lining

For ductwork indicated or specified in Section 23 00 00 AIR SUPPLY, DISTRIBUTION, VENTILATION, AND EXHAUST SYSTEM to be acoustically lined, provide external insulation in accordance with this specification section and in addition to the acoustical duct lining.

2.4.4 Duct Insulation Jackets

2.4.4.1 All-Purpose Jacket

Provide insulation with insulation manufacturer's standard reinforced fire-retardant jacket with or without integral vapor barrier as required by the service. In exposed locations, provide jacket with a white surface suitable for field painting.

2.4.4.2 Metal Jackets

a. Aluminum Jackets: ASTM B 209M( ASTM B 209), Temper H14, minimum thickness of 27 gauge 0.016 inch, with factory-applied polyethylene and kraft paper moisture barrier on inside surface. Provide smooth surface jackets for jacket outside dimension 8 inches and larger.

Provide corrugated surface jackets for jacket outside dimension 8 inches and larger. Provide stainless steel bands, minimum width of 1/2 inch.

b. Stainless Steel Jackets: ASTM A 167 or ASTM A 240/A 240M; Type 304, minimum thickness of 33 gauge 0.010 inch, smooth surface with factory-applied polyethylene and kraft paper moisture barrier on inside surface. Provide stainless steel bands, minimum width of 1/2 inch.

2.4.4.3 Vapor Barrier/Weatherproofing Jacket

Vapor barrier/weatherproofing jacket shall be laminated self-adhesive (minimum 2 mils) adhesive, 3 mils embossed less than 0.0000 permeability, (greater than 3 ply, standard grade, silver, white, black and embossed or greater than 8 ply (minimum 2.9 mils adhesive), heavy duty white or natural).

2.4.5 Weatherproof Duct Insulation

Provide ASTM C 591 Type I, polyurethane or polyisocyanate board insulation, minimum density of 1.7 pcf OR ASTM C 552, cellular glass thermal insulation, and weatherproofing as specified in manufacturer's instruction.

2.5 EQUIPMENT INSULATION SYSTEMS

Insulate equipment and accessories as specified in Tables 4 and 5. In outside locations, provide insulation 1/2 inch thicker than specified.

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 13

Increase the specified insulation thickness for equipment where necessary to equal the thickness of angles or other structural members to make a smooth, exterior surface.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 APPLICATION - GENERAL

Insulation shall only be applied to unheated and uncooled piping and equipment. Flexible elastomeric cellular insulation shall not be compressed at joists, studs, columns, ducts, hangers, etc. The insulation shall not pull apart after a one hour period; any insulation found to pull apart after one hour, shall be replaced.

3.1.1 Installation

Except as otherwise specified, material shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's written instructions. Insulation materials shall not be applied until tests and heat tracing specified in other sections of this specification are completed. Material such as rust, scale, dirt and moisture shall be removed from surfaces to receive insulation. Insulation shall be kept clean and dry. Insulation shall not be removed from its shipping containers until the day it is ready to use and shall be returned to like containers or equally protected from dirt and moisture at the end of each workday. Insulation that becomes dirty shall be thoroughly cleaned prior to use. If insulation becomes wet or if cleaning does not restore the surfaces to like new condition, the insulation will be rejected, and shall be immediately removed from the jobsite. Joints shall be staggered on multi-layer insulation. Mineral fiber thermal insulating cement shall be mixed with demineralized water when used on stainless steel surfaces.

Insulation, jacketing and accessories shall be installed in accordance with MICA Insulation Stds plates except where modified herein or on the drawings.

3.1.2 Fire Stopping

Where pipes and ducts pass through fire walls, fire partitions, above grade floors, and fire rated chase walls, the penetration shall be sealed with fire stopping materials as specified in Section 07 84 00 FIRESTOPPING.

3.1.3 Painting and Finishing

Painting shall be as specified in Section 09 90 00 PAINTS AND COATINGS.

3.1.4 Installation of Flexible Elastomeric Cellular Insulation

Flexible elastomeric cellular insulation shall be installed with seams and joints sealed with rubberized contact adhesive. Flexible elastomeric cellular insulation shall not be used on surfaces greater than 200 degrees F. Seams shall be staggered when applying multiple layers of insulation.

Insulation exposed to weather and not shown to have jacketing shall be protected with two coats of UV resistant finish or PVC or metal jacketing as recommended by the manufacturer after the adhesive is dry and cured. A brush coating of adhesive shall be applied to both butt ends to be joined and to both slit surfaces to be sealed. The adhesive shall be allowed to set until dry to touch but tacky under slight pressure before joining the surfaces. Insulation seals at seams and joints shall not be capable of being pulled apart one hour after application. Insulation that can be pulled apart one hour after installation shall be replaced.

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 14

3.1.5 Welding

No welding shall be done on piping, duct or equipment without written approval of the Contracting Officer. The capacitor discharge welding process may be used for securing metal fasteners to duct.

3.1.6 Pipes/Ducts/Equipment which Require Insulation

Insulation is required on all pipes, ducts, or equipment, except for omitted items, as specified.

3.2 PIPE INSULATION SYSTEMS INSTALLATION

Install pipe insulation systems in accordance with the approved MICA Insulation Stds plates as supplemented by the manufacturer's published installation instructions.

3.2.1 Pipe Insulation

3.2.1.1 General

Pipe insulation shall be installed on aboveground hot and cold pipeline systems as specified below to form a continuous thermal retarder/barrier, including straight runs, fittings and appurtenances unless specified otherwise. Installation shall be with full length units of insulation and using a single cut piece to complete a run. Cut pieces or scraps abutting each other shall not be used. Pipe insulation shall be omitted on the following:

a. Pipe used solely for fire protection.

b. Chromium plated pipe to plumbing fixtures. However, fixtures for use by the physically handicapped shall have the hot water supply and drain, including the trap, insulated where exposed.

c. Sanitary drain lines.

d. Air chambers.

e. Adjacent insulation.

f. ASME stamps.

g. Access plates of fan housings.

h. Cleanouts or handholes.

3.2.1.2 Pipes Passing Through Walls, Roofs, and Floors

a. Pipe insulation shall be continuous through the sleeve.

b. An aluminum jacket or vapor barrier/weatherproofing - self adhesive jacket (minimum 2 mils adhesive, 3 mils embossed) less than 0.0000 permeability, greater than 3 ply standard grade, silver, white, black and embossed with factory applied moisture retarder shall be provided over the insulation wherever penetrations require sealing.

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 15

c. Where pipes penetrate interior walls, the aluminum jacket or vapor barrier/weatherproofing - self adhesive jacket (minimum 2 mils adhesive, 3 mils embossed) less than 0.0000 permeability, greater than 3 plys standard grade, silver, white, black and embossed shall extend 2 inches beyond either side of the wall and shall be secured on each end with a band.

d. Where penetrating floors, the aluminum jacket shall extend from a point below the backup material to a point 10 inches above the floor with one band at the floor and one not more than 1 inch from the end of the aluminum jacket.

e. Where penetrating waterproofed floors, the aluminum jacket shall extend from below the backup material to a point 2 inches above the flashing with a band 1 inch from the end of the aluminum jacket.

f. Where penetrating exterior walls, the aluminum jacket required for pipe exposed to weather shall continue through the sleeve to a point 2 inches beyond the interior surface of the wall.

g. Where penetrating roofs, pipe shall be insulated as required for interior service to a point flush with the top of the flashing and sealed with vapor retarder coating. The insulation for exterior application shall butt tightly to the top of flashing and interior insulation. The exterior aluminum jacket shall extend 2 inches down beyond the end of the insulation to form a counter flashing. The flashing and counter flashing shall be sealed underneath with caulking.

h. For hot water pipes supplying lavatories or other similar heated service that requires insulation, the insulation shall be terminated on the backside of the finished wall. The insulation termination shall be protected with two coats of vapor barrier coating with a minimum total thickness of 1/16 inch applied with glass tape embedded between coats (if applicable). The coating shall extend out onto the insulation 2 inches and shall seal the end of the insulation. Glass tape seams shall overlap 1 inch. The annular space between the pipe and wall penetration shall be caulked with approved fire stop material. The pipe and wall penetration shall be covered with a properly sized (well fitting) escutcheon plate. The escutcheon plate shall overlap the wall penetration at least 3/8 inches.

i. For domestic cold water pipes supplying lavatories or other similar cooling service that requires insulation, the insulation shall be terminated on the finished side of the wall (i.e., insulation must cover the pipe throughout the wall penetration).

The insulation shall be protected with two coats of vapor barrier coating with a minimum total thickness of 1/16 inch. The coating shall extend out onto the insulation 2 inches and shall seal the end of the insulation. The annular space between the outer surface of the pipe insulation and the wall penetration shall be caulked with an approved fire stop material having vapor retarder properties. The pipe and wall penetration shall be covered with a properly sized (well fitting) escutcheon plate. The escutcheon plate shall overlap the wall penetration by at least 3/8 inches.

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 16

3.2.1.3 Pipes Passing Through Hangers

a. Insulation, whether hot or cold application, shall be continuous through hangers. All horizontal pipes 2 inches and smaller shall be supported on hangers with the addition of a Type 40 protection shield to protect the insulation in accordance with MSS SP-69. Whenever insulation shows signs of being compressed, or when the insulation or jacket shows visible signs of distortion at or near the support shield, insulation inserts as specified below for piping larger than 2 inches shall be installed, or factory insulated hangers (designed with a load bearing core) can be used.

b. Horizontal pipes larger than 2 inches at 60 degrees F and above shall be supported on hangers in accordance with MSS SP-69, and Section 22 00 00 PLUMBING, GENERAL PURPOSE .

c. Horizontal pipes larger than 2 inches and below 60 degrees F shall be supported on hangers with the addition of a Type 40 protection shield in accordance with MSS SP-69. An insulation insert of cellular glass, calcium silicate (or perlite above 80 degrees F), or the necessary strength polyisocyanurate shall be installed above each shield. The insert shall cover not less than the bottom 180-degree arc of the pipe. Inserts shall be the same thickness as the insulation, and shall extend 2 inches on each end beyond the protection shield. When insulation inserts are required per the above, and the insulation thickness is less than 1 inch, wooden or cork dowels or blocks may be installed between the pipe and the shield to prevent the weight of the pipe from crushing the insulation, as an option to installing insulation inserts. The insulation jacket shall be continuous over the wooden dowel, wooden block, or insulation insert.

d. Vertical pipes shall be supported with either Type 8 or Type 42 riser clamps with the addition of two Type 40 protection shields in accordance with MSS SP-69 covering the 360-degree arc of the insulation. An insulation insert of cellular glass or calcium silicate shall be installed between each shield and the pipe. The insert shall cover the 360-degree arc of the pipe. Inserts shall be the same thickness as the insulation, and shall extend 2 inches on each end beyond the protection shield. When insulation inserts are required per the above, and the insulation thickness is less than 1 inch, wooden or cork dowels or blocks may be installed between the pipe and the shield to prevent the hanger from crushing the insulation, as an option instead of installing insulation inserts. The insulation jacket shall be continuous over the wooden dowel, wooden block, or insulation insert. The vertical weight of the pipe shall be supported with hangers located in a horizontal section of the pipe. When the pipe riser is longer than 30 feet, the weight of the pipe shall be additionally supported with hangers in the vertical run of the pipe that are directly clamped to the pipe, penetrating the pipe insulation. These hangers shall be insulated and the insulation jacket sealed as indicated herein for anchors in a similar service.

e. Inserts shall be covered with a jacket material of the same appearance and quality as the adjoining pipe insulation jacket, SECTION 23 07 00 Page 17 shall overlap the adjoining pipe jacket 1-1/2 inches, and shall be sealed as required for the pipe jacket. The jacket material used to cover inserts in flexible elastomeric cellular insulation shall conform to ASTM C 1136, Type 1, and is allowed to be of a different material than the adjoining insulation material.

3.2.1.4 Flexible Elastomeric Cellular Pipe Insulation

Flexible elastomeric cellular pipe insulation shall be tubular form for pipe sizes 6 inches and less. Grade 1, Type II sheet insulation used on pipes larger than 6 inches shall not be stretched around the pipe. On pipes larger than 12 inches, the insulation shall be adhered directly to the pipe on the lower 1/3 of the pipe. Seams shall be staggered when applying multiple layers of insulation. Sweat fittings shall be insulated with miter-cut pieces the same size as on adjacent piping. Screwed fittings shall be insulated with sleeved fitting covers fabricated from miter-cut pieces and shall be overlapped and sealed to the adjacent pipe insulation.

3.2.1.5 Pipes in high abuse areas.

In high abuse areas such as janitor closets and traffic areas in equipment rooms, kitchens, and mechanical rooms, aluminum jackets shall be utilized.

Pipe insulation to the 6 foot level shall be protected.

3.2.1.6 Pipe Insulation Material and Thickness

TABLE 1

Insulation Material For Piping (°F)

Service Material Spec. Type Class Vapor Retarder/ Vapor Barrier Required

Chilled Water Cellular Glass ASTM C 552 II 2 No (Supply & Flex Elast Cell'r ASTM C 534 I No Return, Dual Faced Phenol Foam ASTM C 1126 III Yes Temperature Polyisocianurate ASTM C 591 I Yes Piping, 40°F Mineral Fiber with ASTM C 547 I Yes nominal) Heating Hot Mineral Fiber ASTM C 547 I 1 No Water Supply & Return, Heated Cellular Glass ASTM C 552 II 2 No Oil Faced Phenol Foam ASTM C 1126 III Yes (Max 250°F) Perlite ASTM C 610 No

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 18

Polyisocianurate ASTM C 591 I No Cold Domestic Polyisocianurate ASTM C 591 I Yes Water Piping, Cellular Glass ASTM C 552 II 2 No Makeup Water & Flex Elast Cell'r ASTM C 534 I No Drinking Fount Faced Phenol Foam ASTM C 1126 III Yes Drain Piping Polyofin Clos'cell ASTM C 1427 I No Hot Domestic Mineral Fiber ASTM C 547 I 1 No Water Supply & Cellular Glass ASTM C 552 II 2 No Recirculating Flex Elast Cell'r ASTM C 534 I No Piping (Max. Faced Phenol Foam ASTM C 1126 III Yes 200°F) Polyisocianurate ASTM C 591 I No Refrigerant Flex Elast Cell'r ASTM C 534 I No Suction Piping Cellular Glass ASTM C 552 II 1 Yes (35°F nominal) Faced Phenol Foam ASTM C 1126 III Yes Polyisocianurate ASTM C 591 I Yes Exposed Lav'ry Flex Elast Cell'r ASTM C 534 I No Drains, Expo'd Polyofin Clos'cell ASTM C 1427 I No Domestic Water Piping & Drains to Areas for Handicap Personnel A/C condensate Polyisocianurate ASTM C 591 I Yes Drain Located Cellular Glass ASTM C 552 II 2 No Inside Bldg. Flex Elast Cell'r ASTM C 534 I No Faced Phenol Foam ASTM C 1126 II Yes

TABLE 1

Insulation Material For Piping (°F)

Service Material Spec. Type Class Vapor Retarder/ Vapor Barrier Required Brine Systems Cellular Glass ASTM C 552 II 2 No Cryogenics Flex Elast Cell'r ASTM C 534 I No (Minus 30 Faced Phenol Foam ASTM C 1126 III Yes to 0°F) Polyisocianurate ASTM C 591 I Yes Brine Systems Cellular Glass ASTM C 552 II 2 No Cryogenics Flex Elast Cell'r ASTM C 534 I No (Zero to 34°F) Faced Phenol Foam ASTM C 1126 III Yes Polyisocianurate ASTM C 591 I Yes

TABLE 2

Piping Insulation Thickness (inch and °F)

Tube And Pipe Size (Inches)

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 19

Service Material <1 1- <1.5 1.5- <4 4- <8 >or = to 8

Chilled Water Cellular Glass 1.5 2 2 2.5 3 (Supply & Faced Phenol Foam 1 1 1 1.5 1.5 Return, & Dual Polyisocianurate 1 1 1 1 1 Temperature Mineral Fiber with 1 1.5 1.5 2 2 Piping) (40°F Wicking Material Nominal)

Heating Hot Water Mineral Fiber 1.5 1.5 2 2 2 Supply & Return, Heated Oil (Max. Cellular Glass 2 2 5 3 3 3 250°F) Perlite 2.5 2.5 3 3 3 Polyisocianurate 1 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 Cold Domestic Cellular Glass 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Water Piping, Flex Elas Cell'r 1 1 1 N/A N/A Makeup Water, & Faced Phenol Foam 1 1 1 1 1 Drinking Fountain Polyisocianurate 1 1 1 1 1 Drain Piping Hot Domestic Mineral Fiber 1 1 1 1.5 1.5 Water Supply and Cellular Glass 1.5 1.5 1.5 2 2 Recirculating Flex Elas Cell'r 1 1 1 N/A N/A Piping (Max 200°F) Polyisocianurate 1 1 1 1 1.5

TABLE 2

Piping Insulation Thickness (inch and °F)

Tube And Pipe Size (Inches)

Service Material <1 1- <1.5 1.5- <4 4- <8 >or = to 8

Refrigerant Flex Elas Cell'r 0.5 0.5 1 N/A N/A Suction Piping Cellular Glass 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 (35°F nominal) Faced Phenol Foam 1 1 1 1 1 Polyisocianurate 1 1 1 1 1 Compressed Air Mineral Fiber 1.5 1.5 2 2 2 Discharge, 1.5* 2* 2.5* 3* 3.5* Steam, and Calcium Silicate 2.5 3 4 4 4.5 Condensate Return Cellular Glass 2 2.5 3 3 3 (201°F to 250°F) Perlite 2.5 3 4 4 4.5 Polyisocianurate 1.5 1.5 2 2 2 Exposed Lavatory Flex Elas Cell'r 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Drains, Exposed

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Domestic Water Piping & Drains to Areas for Handicap Personnel Horizontal Roof Cellular Glass 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Drain Leaders Flex Elas Cell'r 1 1 1 1 1 (including Faced Phenol Foam 1 1 1 1 1 Underside of Roof Polyisocianurate 1 1 1 1 1 Drain Fitting)

A/C condensate Cellular Glass 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Drain Located Flex Elas Cell'r 1 1 1 N/A N/A Inside Bldg. Faced Phenol Foam 1 1 1 1 1

Brine Systems Cellular Glass 2.5 2.5 3 3 3.5 Cryogenics Flex Elas Cell'r 1 1 N/A N/A N/A (Minus 30 to Faced Phenol Foam 1.5 1.5 2 2 2 Zero°F) Polyisocianurate 1.5 1.5 2 2 2 Brine Systems, Cellular Glass 2 2 2 2.5 3 Cryogenics Flex Elas Cell'r 1 1 1 N/A N/A (Zero to 34°F) Faced Phenol Foam 1 1 1 1.5 1.5 Polyisocianurate 1 1 1 1.5 1.5

3.2.2 Aboveground Cold Pipelines

The following cold pipelines for minus minus 30 to plus 60 degrees F, shall be insulated per Table 2 except those piping listed in subparagraph Pipe Insulation in PART 3 as to be omitted. This includes but is not limited to the following:

a. Domestic cold and chilled drinking water.

b. Make-up water.

c. Horizontal and vertical portions of interior roof drains.

d. Refrigerant suction lines.

e. Chilled water.

f. Dual temperature water, i.e. HVAC hot/chilled water.

g. Air conditioner condensate drains.

h. Brine system cryogenics

i. Exposed lavatory drains and domestic water lines serving plumbing fixtures for handicap persons.

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 21

3.2.2.1 Insulation Material and Thickness

Insulation thickness for cold pipelines shall be determined using Table 2.

3.2.2.2 Factory or Field applied Jacket

Insulation shall be covered with a factory applied vapor retarder jacket/vapor barrier or field applied seal welded PVC jacket or greater than 3 ply laminated self-adhesive (minimum 2 mil) adhesive, 3 mils) embossed) vapor barrier/weatherproofing jacket - less than 0.0000 permeability, standard grade, sliver, white, black and embossed for use with Mineral Fiber, Cellular Glass, Phenolic Foam, and Polyisocyanurate Foam Insulated Pipe. Insulation inside the building, to be protected with an aluminum jacket or greater than 3ply vapor barrier/weatherproofing self-adhesive (minimum 2 mils adhesive, 3 mils) embossed) product, less than 0.0000 permeability, standard grade, Embossed Silver, White & Black, shall have the insulation and vapor retarder jacket installed as specified herein. The aluminum jacket or greater than 3ply vapor barrier/weatherproofing self-adhesive (minimum 2 mils) adhesive, 3 mils embossed) product, less than

0.0000 permeability, standard grade, embossed silver, White & Black, shall be installed as specified for piping exposed to weather, except sealing of the laps of the aluminum jacket is not required. In high abuse areas such as janitor closets and traffic areas in equipment rooms, kitchens, and mechanical rooms, aluminum jackets or greater than 3 ply vapor barrier/weatherproofing self-adhesive (minimum 2 mils adhesive, 3 mils embossed) product, less than 0.0000 permeability, standard grade, embossed silver, white & black, shall be provided for pipe insulation to the 6 ft level.

3.2.2.3 Installing Insulation for Straight Runs Hot and Cold Pipe

a. Insulation shall be applied to the pipe with joints tightly butted. All butted joints and ends shall be sealed with joint sealant and sealed with a vapor retarder coating, greater than 3 ply laminate jacket - less than 0.0000 perm adhesive tape or PVDC adhesive tape.

b. Longitudinal laps of the jacket material shall overlap not less than 1-1/2 inches. Butt strips 75 mm( 3 inches) wide shall be provided for circumferential joints.

c. Laps and butt strips shall be secured with adhesive and stapled on 4 inc) centers if not factory self-sealing. If staples are used, they shall be sealed per item "e." below. Note that staples are not required with cellular glass systems.

d. Factory self-sealing lap systems may be used when the ambient temperature is between 40 and 120 degrees F during installation.

The lap system shall be installed in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations. Stapler shall be used only if specifically recommended by the manufacturer. Where gaps occur, the section shall be replaced or the gap repaired by applying adhesive under the lap and then stapling.

e. All Staples, including those used to repair factory self-seal lap systems, shall be coated with a vapor retarder coating or PVDC adhesive tape or greater than 3 ply laminate jacket - less than

SECTION 23 07 00 Page 22

0.0000 perm adhesive tape. All seams, except those on factory self-seal systems shall be coated with vapor retarder coating or PVDC adhesive tape or greater than 3 ply laminate jacket - less than 0.0000 perm adhesive tape.

f. Breaks and punctures in the jacket material shall be patched by wrapping a strip of jacket material around the pipe and securing it with adhesive, stapling, and coating with vapor retarder coating or PVDC adhesive tape or greater than 3 ply laminate jacket - less than 0.0000 perm adhesive tape. The patch shall extend not less than 1-1/2 inches past the break.

g. At penetrations such as thermometers, the voids in the insulation shall be filled and sealed with vapor retarder coating or PVDC adhesive tape or greater than 3 ply laminate jacket - less than 0.0000 perm adhesive tape or greater than 3 ply laminate jacket - less than 0.0000 perm adhesive tape.

h. Installation of flexible elastomeric cellular pipe insulation shall be by slitting the tubular sections and applying them onto the piping or tubing. Alternately, whenever possible slide un-slit sections over the open ends of piping or tubing. All seams and butt joints shall be secured and sealed with adhesive. When using self seal products only the butt joints shall be secured with adhesive. Insulation shall be pushed on the pipe, never pulled.

Stretching of insulation may result in open seams and joints. All edges shall be clean cut. Rough or jagged edges of the insulation shall not be permitted. Proper tools such as sharp knives shall be used. Grade 1, Type II sheet insulation when used on pipe larger than 6 inches shall not be stretched around the pipe. On pipes larger than 12 inches, adhere sheet insulation directly to the pipe on the lower 1/3 of the pipe.

3.2.2.4…