23 00 00 Air Supply, Distribution, Ventilation, and Exhaust Systems.pdf

SECTION 23 00 00

AIR SUPPLY, DISTRIBUTION, VENTILATION, AND EXHAUST SYSTEMS

08/18

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to within the text by the basic designation only.

ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA (ASA)

ASA S12.51 (2012; R 2017) American National Standard Acoustics - Determination of Sound Power Levels and Sound Energy Levels of Noise Sources using Sound Pressure - Precision Methods for Reverberation Test Rooms

AIR CONDITIONING CONTRACTORS OF AMERICA (ACCA)

ACCA Manual 4 (2001) Installation Techniques for Perimeter Heating and Cooling; 11th Edition

AIR MOVEMENT AND CONTROL ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL, INC. (AMCA)

AMCA 201 (2002; R 2011) Fans and Systems

AMCA 210 (2016) Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for Aerodynamic Performance Rating

AMCA 220 (2005;R 2012) Test Methods for Air Curtain Units

AMCA 300 (2014) Reverberant Room Method for Sound Testing of Fans

AMCA 301 (2014) Methods for Calculating Fan Sound Ratings from Laboratory Test Data

AMCA 500-D (2018) Laboratory Methods of Testing Dampers for Rating

AIR-CONDITIONING, HEATING AND REFRIGERATION INSTITUTE (AHRI)

AHRI 260 I-P (2012) Sound Rating of Ducted Air Moving and Conditioning Equipment

AHRI 350 (2015) Sound Rating of Non-Ducted Indoor Air-Conditioning Equipment

AHRI 410 (2001; Addendum 1 2002; Addendum 2 2005;

Addendum 3 2011) Forced-Circulation

Air-Cooling and Air-Heating Coils

AHRI 430 (2009) Central-Station Air-Handling Units

AHRI 440 (2008) Performance Rating of Room Fan-Coils

AHRI 880 I-P (2011) Performance Rating of Air Terminals

AHRI 885 (2008; Addendum 2011) Procedure for Estimating Occupied Space Sound Levels in the Application of Air Terminals and Air Outlets

AHRI DCAACP (Online) Directory of Certified Applied Air-Conditioning Products

AHRI Guideline D (1996) Application and Installation of Central Station Air-Handling Units

AMERICAN BEARING MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (ABMA)

ABMA 9 (2015) Load Ratings and Fatigue Life for Ball Bearings

ABMA 11 (2014) Load Ratings and Fatigue Life for Roller Bearings

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING

ENGINEERS (ASHRAE)

ASHRAE 15 & 34 (2013) ASHRAE Standard 34-2016 Safety Standard for Refrigeration Systems/ASHRAE Standard 34-2016 Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants-ASHRAE Standard 34-2016

ASHRAE 52.2 (2012) Method of Testing General Ventilation Air-Cleaning Devices for Removal Efficiency by Particle Size

ASHRAE 62.1 (2010) Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality

ASHRAE 68 (1997) Laboratory Method of Testing to Determine the Sound Power In a Duct

ASHRAE 70 (2006; R 2011) Method of Testing for Rating the Performance of Air Outlets and Inlets

ASHRAE 84 (2013; Addenda A 2013) Method of Testing Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers

ASHRAE 90.1 - IP (2013) Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings

ASHRAE 90.1 - SI (2013) Energy Standard for Buildings

Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings

ASME INTERNATIONAL (ASME)

ASME A13.1 (2015) Scheme for the Identification of Piping Systems

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

ASTM A53/A53M (2018) Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless

ASTM A123/A123M (2017) Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel Products

ASTM A167 (2011) Standard Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip

ASTM A924/A924M (2018) Standard Specification for General Requirements for Steel Sheet, Metallic-Coated by the Hot-Dip Process

ASTM B75/B75M (2011) Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Tube

ASTM B117 (2016) Standard Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus

ASTM B152/B152M (2013) Standard Specification for Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Rolled Bar

ASTM B209 (2014) Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate

ASTM B209M (2014) Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate (Metric)

ASTM B280 (2018) Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Tube for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Field Service

ASTM B766 (1986; R 2015) Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Cadmium

ASTM C553 (2013) Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for Commercial and Industrial Applications

ASTM C916 (2014) Standard Specification for Adhesives for Duct Thermal Insulation

ASTM C1071 (20162019) Standard Specification for Fibrous Glass Duct Lining Insulation

(Thermal and Sound Absorbing Material)

ASTM D520 (2000; R 2011) Zinc Dust Pigment

ASTM D1654 (2008; R 2016; E 2017) Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Painted or Coated Specimens Subjected to Corrosive Environments

ASTM D1785 (2015; E 2018) Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC), Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120

ASTM D2466 (2017) Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40

ASTM D2564 (2012) Standard Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping Systems

ASTM D2855 (2015) Standard Practice for Making Solvent-Cemented Joints with Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Fittings

ASTM D3359 (2017) Standard Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test

ASTM E84 (2018a) Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

ASTM E2016 (2015) Standard Specification for Industrial Woven Wire Cloth

CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH (CDPH)

CDPH SECTION 01350 (2010; Version 1.1) Standard Method for the Testing and Evaluation of Volatile Organic Chemical Emissions from Indoor Sources using Environmental Chambers

GERMAN INSTITUTE FOR STANDARDIZATION (DIN)

DIN EN 14037 (2016) Free Hanging Heating and Cooling Surfaces for Water with a Temperature Below 120 Degrees C - Part 1:

Pre-Fabricated Ceiling Mounted Radiant Panels for Space Heating

DIN EN 14240 (2004) Ventilation for Buildings

INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY (IEST)

IEST RP-CC-001 (2016; Rev 6) HEPA and ULPA Filters

NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (NEMA)

NEMA ICS 6 (1993; R 2016) Industrial Control and Systems: Enclosures

NEMA MG 1 (2016; SUPP 20162018) Motors and Generators

NEMA MG 10 (2017) Energy Management Guide for Selection and Use of Fixed Frequency Medium AC Squirrel-Cage Polyphase Induction Motors

NEMA MG 11 (1977; R 2012) Energy Management Guide for Selection and Use of Single Phase Motors

NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (NFPA)

NFPA 70 (2017; ERTA 1-2 2017; TIA 17-1; TIA 17-2;

TIA 17-3; TIA 17-4; TIA 17-5; TIA 17-6;

TIA 17-7; TIA 17-8; TIA 17-9; TIA 17-10;

TIA 17-11; TIA 17-12; TIA 17-13; TIA

17-14; TIA 17-15; TIA 17-16; TIA 17-17 )

National Electrical Code

NFPA 90A (2018) Standard for the Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems

NFPA 96 (2017; TIA 17-1) Standard for Ventilation Control and Fire Protection of Commercial Cooking Operations

NFPA 701 (2019) Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Flame Propagation of Textiles and Films

SHEET METAL AND AIR CONDITIONING CONTRACTORS' NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

(SMACNA)

SMACNA 1403 (2008) Accepted Industry Practice for Industrial Duct Construction, 2nd Edition

SMACNA 1819 (2002) Fire, Smoke and Radiation Damper Installation Guide for HVAC Systems, 5th Edition

SMACNA 1884 (2003) Fibrous Glass Duct Construction Standards, 7th Edition

SMACNA 1966 (2005) HVAC Duct Construction Standards Metal and Flexible, 3rd Edition

SMACNA 1972 CD (2012) HVAC Air Duct Leakage Test Manual - 2nd Edition

SMACNA 1981 (2008) Seismic Restraint Manual Guidelines for Mechanical Systems, 3rd Edition

SOUTH COAST AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT (SCAQMD)

SCAQMD Rule 1168 (2017) Adhesive and Sealant Applications

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE (DOD)

MIL-STD-101 (2014; Rev C) Color Code for Pipelines and for Compressed Gas Cylinders

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (DOE)

Energy Star (1992; R 2006) Energy Star Energy Efficiency Labeling System (FEMP)

U.S. NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION (NARA)

40 CFR 82 Protection of Stratospheric Ozone

UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES (UL)

UL 6 (2007; Reprint Nov 2014) Electrical Rigid Metal Conduit-Steel

UL 94 (2013; Reprint Sep 2017) UL Standard for Safety Tests for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances

UL 181 (2013; Reprint Apr 2017) UL Standard for Safety Factory-Made Air Ducts and Air Connectors

UL 555 (2006; Reprint Aug 2016) UL Standard for Safety Fire Dampers

UL 555S (2014; Reprint Aug 2016) UL Standard for Safety Smoke Dampers

UL 586 (2009; Reprint Dec 2017) UL Standard for Safety High-Efficiency Particulate, Air Filter Units

UL 705 (2017; Reprint Oct 2018) UL Standard for Safety Power Ventilators

UL 723 (2018) UL Standard for Safety Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

UL 900 (2015) Standard for Air Filter Units

UL 1995 (2015) UL Standard for Safety Heating and Cooling Equipment

UL 2021 (2015; Reprint Dec 2016) UL Standard for Safety Fixed and Location-Dedicated Electric Room Heaters

UL Bld Mat Dir (updated continuously online) Building Materials Directory

UL Electrical Constructn (2012) Electrical Construction Equipment Directory

UL Fire Resistance (2014) Fire Resistance Directory

1.2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

Furnish ductwork, piping offsets, fittings, and accessories as required to provide a complete installation. Coordinate the work of the different trades to avoid interference between piping, equipment, structural, and electrical work. Provide complete, in place, all necessary offsets in piping and ductwork, and all fittings, and other components, required to install the work as indicated and specified.

1.2.1 Mechanical Equipment Identification

The number of charts and diagrams must be equal to or greater than the number of mechanical equipment rooms. Where more than one chart or diagram per space is required, mount these in edge pivoted, swinging leaf, extruded aluminum frame holders which open to 170 degrees.

1.2.1.1 Charts

Provide chart listing of equipment by designation numbers and capacities such as flow rates, pressure and temperature differences, heating and cooling capacities, horsepower, pipe sizes, and voltage and current characteristics.

1.2.2 Service Labeling

Label equipment, including fans, air handlers, terminal units, etc. with labels made of self-sticking, plastic film designed for permanent installation. Provide labels in accordance with the typical examples below:

SERVICE LABEL AND TAG DESIGNATION

Air handling unit Number AHU - [__1___]

Exhaust Fan Number EF - [__1___]

Identify similar services with different temperatures or pressures. Where pressures could exceed 125 pounds per square inch, gage, include the maximum system pressure in the label. Label and arrow piping in accordance with the following:

a. Each point of entry and exit of pipe passing through walls.

b. Each change in direction, i.e., elbows, tees.

c. In congested or hidden areas and at all access panels at each point required to clarify service or indicated hazard.

d. In long straight runs, locate labels at distances within eyesight of each other not to exceed 75 feet. All labels must be visible and legible from the primary service and operating area.

1.2.3 Color Coding

Color coding of all piping systems must be in accordance with MIL-STD-101.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation;

submittals not having a "G" designation are for information only. When used, a designation following the "G" designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government. Submit the following in accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

SD-03 Product Data

Metallic Flexible Duct

Insulated Nonmetallic Flexible Duct Runouts

Duct Connectors

Duct Access Doors; G

Manual Balancing Dampers; G

Diffusers

Registers and Grilles

Louvers

Panel Type Power Wall Ventilators

Centrifugal Type Power Wall Ventilators

Air Handling Units; G

Energy Recovery Devices; G

Test Procedures; G

SD-06 Test Reports

Performance Tests; G

Damper Acceptance Test; G

SD-07 Certificates

Bolts Ozone Depleting Substances Technician Certification

SD-08 Manufacturer's Instructions

Manufacturer's Installation Instructions

Operation and Maintenance Training

SD-10 Operation and Maintenance Data

Operation and Maintenance Manuals; G

Manual Balancing Dampers; G

Panel Type Power Wall Ventilators; G

Centrifugal Type Power Wall Ventilators; G

Air Handling Units; G

Energy Recovery Devices; G

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

Except as otherwise specified, approval of materials and equipment is based on manufacturer's published data.

a. Where materials and equipment are specified to conform to the standards of the Underwriters Laboratories, the label of or listing with reexamination in UL Bld Mat Dir, and UL 6 is acceptable as sufficient evidence that the items conform to Underwriters Laboratories requirements. In lieu of such label or listing, submit a written certificate from any nationally recognized testing agency, adequately equipped and competent to perform such services, stating that the items have been tested and that the units conform to the specified requirements. Outline methods of testing used by the specified agencies.

b. Where materials or equipment are specified to be constructed or tested, or both, in accordance with the standards of the ASTM International (ASTM), the ASME International (ASME), or other standards, a manufacturer's certificate of compliance of each item is acceptable as proof of compliance.

c. Conformance to such agency requirements does not relieve the item from compliance with other requirements of these specifications.

1.4.1 Prevention of Corrosion

Protect metallic materials against corrosion. Provide rust-inhibiting treatment and standard finish for the equipment enclosures. Do not use aluminum in contact with earth, and where connected to dissimilar metal.

Protect aluminum by approved fittings, barrier material, or treatment.

Provide hot-dip galvanized ferrous parts such as anchors, bolts, braces, boxes, bodies, clamps, fittings, guards, nuts, pins, rods, shims, thimbles, washers, and miscellaneous parts not of corrosion-resistant steel or nonferrous materials in accordance with ASTM A123/A123M for exterior locations and cadmium-plated in conformance with ASTM B766 for interior locations.

1.4.2 Asbestos Prohibition

Do not use asbestos and asbestos-containing products.

1.4.3 Ozone Depleting Substances Technician Certification

All technicians working on equipment that contain ozone depleting refrigerants must be certified as a Section 608 Technician to meet requirements in 40 CFR 82, Subpart F. Provide copies of technician certifications to the Contracting Officer at least 14 calendar days prior to work on any equipment containing these refrigerants.

1.4.4 Detail Drawings

Submit detail drawings showing equipment layout, including assembly and installation details and electrical connection diagrams; ductwork layout showing the location of all supports and hangers, typical hanger details, gauge reinforcement, reinforcement spacing rigidity classification, and static pressure and seal classifications. Include any information required to demonstrate that the system has been coordinated and functions properly as a unit on the drawings and show equipment relationship to other parts of the work, including clearances required for operation and maintenance.

Submit drawings showing bolt-setting information, and foundation bolts prior to concrete foundation construction for all equipment indicated or required to have concrete foundations. Submit function designation of the equipment and any other requirements specified throughout this Section with the shop drawings.

1.4.5 Test Procedures

Submit proposed test procedures and test schedules for the ductwork leak test, and performance tests of systems, at least 2 weeks prior to the start of related testing.

1.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

Protect stored equipment at the jobsite from the weather, humidity and temperature variations, dirt and dust, or other contaminants.

Additionally, cap or plug all pipes until installed.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 STANDARD PRODUCTS

Provide components and equipment that are "standard products" of a manufacturer regularly engaged in the manufacturing of products that are of a similar material, design and workmanship. "Standard products" is defined as being in satisfactory commercial or industrial use for 2 years before bid opening, including applications of components and equipment under similar circumstances and of similar size, satisfactorily completed by a product that is sold on the commercial market through advertisements, manufacturers' catalogs, or brochures. Products having less than a 2-year field service record are acceptable if a certified record of satisfactory field operation, for not less than 6000 hours exclusive of the manufacturer's factory tests, can be shown. Provide equipment items that are supported by a service organization.

2.2 STANDARD PRODUCTS

Except for the fabricated duct, plenums and casings specified in paragraphs "Metal Ductwork" and "Plenums and Casings for Field-Fabricated Units", provide components and equipment that are standard products of manufacturers regularly engaged in the manufacturing of products that are of a similar material, design and workmanship. This requirement applies to all equipment, including diffusers, registers, fire dampers, and balancing dampers.

a. Standard products are defined as components and equipment that have been in satisfactory commercial or industrial use in similar applications of similar size for at least two years before bid opening.

b. Prior to this two year period, these standard products must have been sold on the commercial market using advertisements in manufacturers' catalogs or brochures. These manufacturers' catalogs, or brochures must have been copyrighted documents or have been identified with a manufacturer's document number.

c. Provide equipment items that are supported by a service organization.

2.3 IDENTIFICATION PLATES

In addition to standard manufacturer's identification plates, provide engraved laminated phenolic identification plates for each piece of mechanical equipment. Identification plates are to designate the function of the equipment. Submit designation with the shop drawings. Provide identification plates that are layers, black-white-black, engraved to show white letters on black background. Letters must be upper case.

Identification plates 40 mm that are 1-1/2-inches high and smaller must be

1.6 mm 1/16-inch thick, with engraved lettering 3 mm 1/8-inch high;

identification plates larger than 40 mm 1-1/2-inches high must be 3 mm 1/8-inch thick, with engraved lettering of suitable height. Identification plates 40 mm 1-1/2-inches high and larger must have beveled edges. Install identification plates using a compatible adhesive.

2.4 EQUIPMENT GUARDS AND ACCESS

Fully enclose or guard belts, pulleys, chains, gears, couplings, projecting setscrews, keys, and other rotating parts exposed to personnel contact according to OSHA requirements. Properly guard or cover with insulation of a type specified, high temperature equipment and piping exposed to contact by personnel or where it creates a potential fire hazard. The requirements for catwalks, ladders, and guardrails are specified in Section 05 50 13

MISCELLANEOUS METAL FABRICATIONS.

2.5 ELECTRICAL WORK

a. Provide motors, controllers, integral disconnects, contactors, and controls with their respective pieces of equipment, except controllers indicated as part of motor control centers. Provide electrical equipment, including motors and wiring, as specified in Section 26 20 00 INTERIOR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM. Provide manual or automatic control and protective or signal devices required for the operation specified and control wiring required for controls and devices specified, but not shown. For packaged equipment, include manufacturer provided controllers with the required monitors and timed restart.

b. For single-phase motors, provide high-efficiency type, fractional-horsepower alternating-current motors, including motors that are part of a system, in accordance with NEMA MG 11. Provide premium efficiency type integral size motors in accordance with NEMA MG 1.

c. For polyphase motors, provide squirrel-cage medium induction motors, including motors that are part of a system , and that meet the efficiency ratings for premium efficiency motors in accordance with NEMA MG 1. Select premium efficiency polyphase motors in accordance with NEMA MG 10.

d. Provide motors in accordance with NEMA MG 1 and of sufficient size to drive the load at the specified capacity without exceeding the nameplate rating of the motor. Provide motors rated for continuous duty with the enclosure specified. Provide motor duty that allows for maximum frequency start-stop operation and minimum encountered interval between start and stop. Provide motor torque capable of accelerating the connected load within 20 seconds with 80 percent of the rated voltage maintained at motor terminals during one starting period.

Provide motor starters complete with thermal overload protection and other necessary appurtenances. Fit motor bearings with grease supply fittings and grease relief to outside of the enclosure.

e. Where two-speed or variable-speed motors are indicated, solid-state variable-speed controllers are allowed to accomplish the same function. Use solid-state variable-speed controllers for motors rated

7.45 kW 10 hp or less and adjustable frequency drives for larger motors.

2.6 ANCHOR BOLTS

Provide anchor bolts for equipment placed on concrete equipment pads or on concrete slabs. Bolts to be of the size and number recommended by the equipment manufacturer and located by means of suitable templates.

Installation of anchor bolts must not degrade the surrounding concrete.

2.7 Omitted

2.8 PAINTING

Paint equipment units in accordance with approved equipment manufacturer's standards unless specified otherwise. Field retouch only if approved.

Otherwise, return equipment to the factory for refinishing.

2.9 INDOOR AIR QUALITY

Provide equipment and components that comply with the requirements of ASHRAE 62.1 unless more stringent requirements are specified herein.

2.10 DUCT SYSTEMS

2.10.1 Metal Ductwork

Provide metal ductwork construction, including all fittings and components, that complies with SMACNA 1966, as supplemented and modified by this specification .

a. Construct ductwork meeting the requirements for the duct system static pressure specified in APPENDIX D of Section 23 05 93 TESTING, ADJUSTING

AND BALANCING FOR HVAC.

b. Provide ductwork that meets the requirements of Seal Class A.

c. Provide ductwork that meets the requirements of Seal Class A.

d. Provide sealants that conform to fire hazard classification specified in Section 23 07 00 THERMAL INSULATION FOR MECHANICAL SYSTEMS and are suitable for the range of air distribution and ambient temperatures to which it is exposed. Do not use pressure sensitive tape as a sealant.

Provide duct sealant products that meet either emissions requirements of CDPH SECTION 01350 (limit requirements for either office or classroom spaces regardless of space type) or VOC content requirements of SCAQMD Rule 1168 (HVAC duct sealants are classified as "Other" within the SCAQMD Rule 1168 sealants table). Provide validation of indoor air quality for duct sealants.

2.10.1.1 Metallic Flexible Duct

a. Provide duct that conforms to UL 181 and NFPA 90A with factory-applied insulation, vapor barrier, and end connections. Provide duct assembly that does not exceed 25 for flame spread and 50 for smoke developed.

Provide ducts designed for working pressures of 497 Pa 2 inches water gauge positive and 373 Pa 1.5 inches water gauge negative. Provide flexible round duct length that does not exceed 1525 mm 5 feet. Secure connections by applying adhesive for 51 mm 2 inches over rigid duct, apply flexible duct 51 mm 2 inches over rigid duct, apply metal clamp, and provide minimum of three No. 8 sheet metal screws through clamp and rigid duct.

b. Inner duct core: Provide interlocking spiral or helically corrugated flexible core constructed of zinc-coated steel, aluminum, or stainless steel; or constructed of inner liner of continuous galvanized spring steel wire helix fused to continuous, fire-retardant, flexible vapor barrier film, inner duct core.

c. Insulation: Provide inner duct core that is insulated with mineral fiber blanket type flexible insulation, minimum of 25 mm 1 inch thick.

Provide insulation covered on exterior with manufacturer's standard fire retardant vapor barrier jacket for flexible round duct.

2.10.1.2 Insulated Nonmetallic Flexible Duct Runouts

Use flexible duct runouts only where indicated. Runout length is indicated on the drawings, and is not to exceed 1.5 m 5 feet. Provide runouts that are preinsulated, factory fabricated, and that comply with NFPA 90A and UL 181. Provide either field or factory applied vapor barrier. Provide not less than 0.60 L 20 ounce glass fabric duct connectors coated on both sides with neoprene. Where coil induction or high velocity units are supplied with vertical air inlets, use a streamlined, vaned and mitered elbow transition piece for connection to the flexible duct or hose.

Provide a die-stamped elbow and not a flexible connector as the last elbow to these units other than the vertical air inlet type. Insulated flexible connectors are allowed as runouts. Provide insulated material and vapor barrier that conform to the requirements of Section 23 07 00 THERMAL INSULATION FOR MECHANICAL SYSTEMS. Do not expose the insulation material surface to the air stream.

2.10.1.3 General Service Duct Connectors

Provide a flexible duct connector approximately 150 mm 6 inches in width where sheet metal connections are made to fans or where ducts of dissimilar metals are connected. For round/oval ducts, secure the flexible material by stainless steel or zinc-coated, iron clinch-type draw bands. For rectangular ducts, install the flexible material locked to metal collars using normal duct construction methods. Provide a composite connector system that complies with NFPA 701 and is classified as "flame-retardent fabrics" in UL Bld Mat Dir.

2.10.1.4 Omitted

2.10.1.5 Omitted

2.10.1.6 Omitted

2.10.1.7 Corrosion Resisting (Stainless) Steel Sheets

ASTM A167

2.10.2 Duct Access Doors

Provide hinged access doors conforming to SMACNA 1966 in ductwork and plenums where indicated and at all air flow measuring primaries, automatic dampers, fire dampers, coils, thermostats, and other apparatus requiring service and inspection in the duct system. Provide access doors upstream and downstream of air flow measuring primaries and heating and cooling coils. Provide doors that are a minimum 375 by 450 mm 15 by 18 inches, unless otherwise shown. Where duct size does not accommodate this size door, make the doors as large as practicable. Equip doors 600 by 600 mm 24 by 24 inches or larger with fasteners operable from inside and outside the duct. Use insulated type doors in insulated ducts.

2.10.3 Omitted

2.10.4 Manual Balancing Dampers

Furnish manual balancing dampers with accessible operating mechanisms. Use chromium plated operators (with all exposed edges rounded) in finished portions of the building. Provide manual volume control dampers that are operated by locking-type quadrant operators. Install dampers that are 2 gauges heavier than the duct in which installed. Unless otherwise indicated, provide opposed blade type multileaf dampers with maximum blade width of 300 mm 12 inches. Provide access doors or panels for all concealed damper operators and locking setscrews. Provide stand-off mounting brackets, bases, or adapters not less than the thickness of the insulation when the locking-type quadrant operators for dampers are installed on ducts to be thermally insulated, to provide clearance between the duct surface and the operator. Provide stand-off mounting items that are integral with the operator or standard accessory of the damper manufacturer.

2.10.5 Manual Balancing Dampers

a. Furnish manual balancing dampers with accessible operating mechanisms.

Use chromium plated operators (with all exposed edges rounded) in finished portions of the building. Provide manual volume control dampers that are operated by locking-type quadrant operators.

b. Unless otherwise indicated, provide opposed blade type multileaf dampers with maximum blade width of 300 mm 12 inches. Provide access doors or panels for all concealed damper operators and locking setscrews. Provide access doors or panels in hard ceilings, partitions and walls for access to all concealed damper operators and damper locking setscrews. Coordinate location of doors or panels with other affected contractors.

c. Provide stand-off mounting brackets, bases, or adapters not less than the thickness of the insulation when the locking-type quadrant operators for dampers are installed on ducts to be thermally insulated, to provide clearance between the duct surface and the operator.

Provide stand-off mounting items that are integral with the operator or standard accessory of the damper manufacturer.

2.10.5.1 Omitted

2.10.5.1.1 2.10.5.1.1.1

2.10.5.2 Round Dampers

2.10.5.2.1 Frames

Size Galvanized Steel Thickness

Length

100 to 500 mm4 to 20 inches

Minimum 0.91 mm 20 gauge Minimum 152 mm 6 inches

550 to 750 mm 22 to 30 inches

Minimum 0.91 mm 20 gauge Minimum 250 mm 10 inches

775 to 1000 mm 32 to 40 inches

Minimum 1.6 mm 16 gauge Minimum 250 mm 10 inches

2.10.5.2.2 Blades

Size Galvanized Steel Thickness

100 to 500 mm4 to 20 inches Minimum 0.91 mm 20 gauge

550 to 750 mm 22 to 30 inches Minimum 1.6 mm 16 gauge

775 to 1000 mm 32 to 40 inches Minimum 3.5 mm 10 gauge

2.10.5.2.3 Blade Axles

To support the blades of round dampers, provide galvanized steel shafts supporting the blade the entire duct diameter frame-to-frame. Provide axle shafts that extend through standoff bracket and hand quadrant.

Size Shaft Size and Shape

100 to 500 mm4 to 20 inches Minimum 10 mm 3/8 inch square

550 to 750 mm 22 to 30 inches Minimum 13 mm 1/2 inch square

775 to 1000 mm 32 to 40 inches Minimum 19 mm 3/4 inch square

2.10.5.2.4 Axle Bearings

Support the shaft on each end at the frames with shaft bearings constructed of oil-impregnated bronze, or solid nylon, or a solid plastic equivalent to nylon. Press fit shaft bearings configuration to provide a tight joint between blade shaft and damper frame.

Size Material

100 to 500 mm4 to 20 inches solid nylon, or equivalent solid plastic, or oil-impregnated bronze

550 to 750 mm 22 to 30 inches solid nylon, or equivalent solid plastic, or oil-impregnated bronze

775 to 1000 mm 32 to 40 inches oil-impregnated bronze, or stainless steel sleeve bearing

2.10.5.2.5 Control Shaft/Hand Quadrant

Provide dampers with accessible locking-type control shaft/hand quadrant operators.

Provide stand-off mounting brackets, bases, or adapters for the locking-type quadrant operators on dampers installed on ducts to be thermally insulated. Provide a minimum stand-off distance of 50 mm 2 inches off the metal duct surface. Provide stand-off mounting items that are integral with the operator or standard accessory of the damper manufacturer.

2.10.5.2.6 Finish

Mill Galvanized

2.10.6 Automatic Balancing Dampers

Provide dampers as specified in paragraph SUPPLEMENTAL COMPONENTS/SERVICES, subparagraph CONTROLS.

2.10.7 Omitted

2.10.8 Omitted

2.10.9 Omitted

2.10.10 Air Deflectors (Volume Extractors) and Branch Connections

Provide air deflectors (volume extractors) at all duct mounted supply outlets, at takeoff or extension collars to supply outlets, at duct branch takeoff connections, and at 90 degree elbows, as well as at locations as indicated on the drawings or otherwise specified. Conical branch connections or 45 degree entry connections are allowed in lieu of deflectors for branch connections. Furnish all air deflectors (volume extractors), except those installed in 90 degree elbows, with an approved means of adjustment. Provide easily accessible means for adjustment inside the duct or from an adjustment with sturdy lock on the face of the duct.

When installed on ducts to be thermally insulated, provide external adjustments with stand-off mounting brackets, integral with the adjustment device, to provide clearance between the duct surface and the adjustment device not less than the thickness of the thermal insulation. Provide factory-fabricated air deflectors consisting of curved turning vanes or louver blades designed to provide uniform air distribution and change of direction with minimum turbulence or pressure loss. Provide factory or field assembled air deflectors (volume extractors). Make adjustment from the face of the diffuser or by position adjustment and lock external to the duct. Provide stand-off brackets on insulated ducts as described herein.

Provide fixed air deflectors (volume extractors), also called turning vanes, in 90 degree elbows.

2.10.11 Plenums and Casings for Field-Fabricated Units

2.10.11.1 Plenum and Casings

Fabricate and erect plenums and casings as shown in SMACNA 1966, as applicable. Construct system casing of not less than 1.6 mm 16 gauge galvanized sheet steel. Furnish cooling coil drain pans with 25 mm 1 inch threaded outlet to collect condensation from the cooling coils. Fabricate drain pans from not lighter than 1.6 mm 16 gauge steel, galvanized after fabrication or of 1.3 mm 18 gauge corrosion-resisting sheet steel conforming to ASTM A167, Type 304, welded and stiffened. Thermally insulate drain pans exposed to the atmosphere to prevent condensation.

Coat insulation with a flame resistant waterproofing material. Provide separate drain pans for each vertical coil section, and a separate drain line for each pan. Size pans to ensure capture of entrained moisture on the downstream-air side of the coil. Seal openings in the casing, such as for piping connections, to prevent air leakage. Size the water seal for the drain to maintain a pressure of at least 500 Pa 2 inch water gauge greater than the maximum negative pressure in the coil space.

2.10.11.2 Casing

Terminate casings at the curb line and bolt each to the curb using galvanized angle, as indicated in SMACNA 1966.

2.10.11.3 Access Doors

Provide access doors in each section of the casing. Weld doorframes in place, gasket each door with neoprene, hinge with minimum of two brass hinges, and fasten with a minimum of two brass tension fasteners operable from inside and outside of the casing. Where possible, make doors 900 by 450 mm 36 by 18 inches and locate them 450 mm 18 inches above the floor.

Where the space available does not accommodate doors of this size, use doors as large as the space accommodates. Swing doors so that fan suction or pressure holds doors in closed position, airtight. Provide a push-button station, located inside the casing, to stop the supply.

2.10.11.4 Factory-Fabricated Insulated Sheet Metal Panels

Factory-fabricated components are allowed for field-assembled units, provided all requirements specified for field-fabricated plenums and casings are met. Provide panels of modular design, pretested for structural strength, thermal control, condensation control, and acoustical control. Seal and insulate panel joints. Provide and gasket access doors to prevent air leakage. Provide panel construction that is not less than one mm 20 gauge galvanized sheet steel, assembled with fasteners treated against corrosion. Provide standard length panels that deflect not more than 13 mm 1/2 inch under operation. Construct details, including joint sealing, not specifically covered, as indicated in SMACNA 1966. Construct the plenums and casings to withstand the specified internal pressure of the air systems.

2.10.11.5 Duct Liner

Unless otherwise specified, duct liner is not permitted.

2.10.12 Sound Attenuation Equipment

2.10.12.1 Omitted

2.10.12.2 System with total pressure of 1 kPa 4 Inch Water Gauge and Lower

Use sound attenuators only where indicated. Provide factory fabricated sound attenuators that are constructed of galvanized steel sheets. Provide attenuator with outer casing that is not less than 0.85 mm 22 gauge.

Provide fibrous glass acoustical fill. Provide net sound reduction indicated. Obtain values on a test unit not less than 600 by 600 mm 24 by 24 inches outside dimensions made by a certified nationally recognized independent acoustical laboratory. Provide air flow capacity as indicated or required. Provide pressure drop through the attenuator that does not exceed the value indicated, or that is not in excess of 15 percent of the total external static pressure of the air handling system, whichever is less. Acoustically test attenuators with metal duct inlet and outlet sections while under the rated air flow conditions. Include with the noise reduction data the effects of flanking paths and vibration transmission.

Construct sound attenuators to be airtight when operating at the internal static pressure indicated or specified for the duct system, but in no case less than 500 Pa 2 inch water gauge.

2.10.12.3 Omitted

2.10.13 Diffusers, Registers, and Grilles

Provide factory-fabricated units of steel or corrosion-resistant steel that distribute the specified quantity of air evenly over space intended without causing noticeable drafts, air movement faster than 0.25 m/s 50 fpm in occupied zone, or dead spots anywhere in the conditioned area. Provide outlets for diffusion, spread, throw, and noise level as required for specified performance. Certify performance according to ASHRAE 70.

Provide sound rated and certified inlets and outlets according to ASHRAE 70.

Provide sound power level as indicated. Provide diffusers and registers with volume damper with accessible operator, unless otherwise indicated; or if standard with the manufacturer, an automatically controlled device is acceptable. Provide opposed blade type volume dampers for all diffusers and registers, except linear slot diffusers. Provide linear slot diffusers with round or elliptical balancing dampers. Where the inlet and outlet openings are located less than 2 m 7 feet above the floor, protect them by a grille or screen according to NFPA 90A.

2.10.13.1 Diffusers

Provide round or square "Drop T" diffuser types. Furnish ceiling mounted units with anti-smudge devices, unless the diffuser unit minimizes ceiling smudging through design features. Provide diffusers with air deflectors of the type indicated. Provide air handling troffers or combination light and ceiling diffusers conforming to the requirements of UL Electrical Constructn for the interchangeable use as cooled or heated air supply diffusers or return air units. Install ceiling mounted units with rims tight against ceiling. Provide sponge rubber gaskets between ceiling and surface mounted diffusers for air leakage control. Provide suitable trim for flush mounted diffusers. For connecting the duct to diffuser, provide duct collar that is airtight and does not interfere with volume controller.

2.10.13.2 Omitted

2.10.13.3 Omitted

2.10.13.4 Omitted

2.10.13.5 Return Air Grilles

Return air grilles are constructed of same materials as supply air diffusers. Inlet of grilles shall be egg crate or perforated plate type.

Furnish registers with sponge-rubber gasket between flanges and ceiling.

Provide grilles as specified for registers, without volume control damper.

2.10.13.6 Omitted

2.10.13.7 Omitted

2.10.13.8 Omitted

2.10.13.9 Omitted

2.10.13.10 Omitted

2.10.14 Louvers

Provide louvers for installation in exterior walls that are associated with the air supply and distribution system. See architectural drawings and scope of work.

2.10.15 Omitted

2.10.16 Bird Screens and Frames

Provide bird screens that conform to ASTM E2016, No. 2 mesh, aluminum or stainless steel. Provide "medium-light" rated aluminum screens. Provide "light" rated stainless steel screens. Provide removable type frames fabricated from either stainless steel or extruded aluminum.

2.10.17 Omitted

2.11 AIR SYSTEMS EQUIPMENT

2.11.1 Fans

Test and rate fans according to AMCA 210. Calculate system effect on air moving devices in accordance with AMCA 201 where installed ductwork differs from that indicated on drawings. Install air moving devices to minimize fan system effect. Where system effect is unavoidable, determine the most effective way to accommodate the inefficiencies caused by system effect on the installed air moving device. The sound power level of the fans must not exceed 85 dBA when tested according to AMCA 300 and rated in accordance with AMCA 301. Provide all fans with an AMCA seal. Connect fans to the motors either directly or indirectly with V-belt drive. Use V-belt drives designed for not less than 120 percent of the connected driving capacity.

Provide variable pitch motor sheaves for 11 kW 15 hp and below, and fixed pitch as defined by AHRI Guideline D (A fixed-pitch sheave is provided on both the fan shaft and the motor shaft. This is a non-adjustable speed drive.). Select variable pitch sheaves to drive the fan at a speed which can produce the specified capacity when set at the approximate midpoint of the sheave adjustment. When fixed pitch sheaves are furnished, provide a replaceable sheave when needed to achieve system air balance. Provide motors for V-belt drives with adjustable rails or bases. Provide removable metal guards for all exposed V-belt drives, and provide speed-test openings at the center of all rotating shafts. Provide fans with personnel screens or guards on both suction and supply ends, except that the screens need not be provided, unless otherwise indicated, where ducts are connected to the fan. Provide fan and motor assemblies with vibration-isolation supports or mountings as indicated. Use vibration-isolation units that are standard products with published loading ratings. Select each fan to produce the capacity required at the fan static pressure indicated. Provide sound power level as indicated. Obtain the sound power level values according to AMCA 300. Provide standard AMCA arrangement, rotation, and discharge as indicated. Provide power ventilators that conform to UL 705 and have a UL label.

2.11.1.1 Centrifugal Fans

Provide fully enclosed, single-width single-inlet, or double-width double-inlet centrifugal fans, with AMCA Pressure Class I, II, or III as required or indicated for the design system pressure. Provide impeller wheels that are rigidly constructed and accurately balanced both statically and dynamically.

Provide forward curved or backward-inclined airfoil design fan blades in wheel sizes up to 750 mm 30 inches. Provide backward-inclined airfoil design fan blades for wheels over 750 mm 30 inches in diameter.

Provide open-wheel radial type booster fans for exhaust dryer systems, and fans suitable for conveying lint and the temperatures encountered. Equip the fan shaft with a heat slinger to dissipate heat buildup along the shaft. Install an access (service) door to facilitate maintenance to these fans.

Provide fan wheels over 900 mm 36 inches in diameter with overhung pulleys and a bearing on each side of the wheel. Provide fan wheels 900 mm 36 inches or less in diameter that have one or more extra long bearings between the fan wheel and the drive.

Provide sleeve type, self-aligning and self-oiling bearings with oil reservoirs, or precision self-aligning roller or ball-type with accessible grease fittings or permanently lubricated type. Connect grease fittings to tubing for serviceability from a single accessible point. Provide L50 rated bearing life at not less than 200,000 hours as defined by ABMA 9 and

ABMA 11.

Provide steel, accurately finished fan shafts, with key seats and keys for impeller hubs and fan pulleys. Provide fan outlets of ample proportions, designed for the attachment of angles and bolts for attaching flexible connections.

Provide automatically operated inlet vanes on suction inlets. Provide automatically operated outlet dampers. Unless otherwise indicated, provide motors that do not exceed 1800 rpm and have open, dripproof, totally enclosed, or explosion-proof enclosures. Provide reduced-voltage-start type motor starters with general-purpose.

2.11.1.2 In-Line Centrifugal Fans

Provide in-line fans with centrifugal backward inclined blades, stationary discharge conversion vanes, internal and external belt guards, and adjustable motor mounts. Mount fans in a welded tubular casing. Provide a fan that axially flows the air in and out. Streamline inlets with conversion vanes to eliminate turbulence and provide smooth discharge air flow. Enclose and isolate fan bearings and drive shafts from the air stream. Provide precision, self aligning ball or roller type fan bearings that are sealed against dust and dirt and are permanently lubricated.

Provide L50 rated bearing life at not less than 200,000 hours as defined by ABMA 9 and ABMA 11. Provide motors with open, dripproof, totally enclosed, or explosion-proof enclosure. Provide magnetic motor starters across-the-line with general-purpose enclosures.

2.11.1.3 Axial Flow Fans

Provide axial flow fans complete with drive components and belt guard, with steel housing, cast fan wheel, cast or welded steel diffusers, fan shaft, bearings, and mounting frame as a factory-assembled unit. Provide fan wheels that are dynamically balanced and keyed to the fan shaft, with radially projecting blades of airfoil cross-section. Enclose and isolate fan bearings and drive shafts from the air stream. Permanently lubricate fan bearings or provide them with accessible grease fittings. Provide precision self-aligning ball or roller type fan bearings that are sealed against dust and dirt. Provide fan bearings that have a L50 rated bearing life at not less than 200,000 hours of operation as defined by ABMA 9 and ABMA 11. Provide fan inlets with an aerodynamically shaped bell and an inlet cone. Install diffuser or straightening vanes at the fan discharge to minimize turbulence and provide smooth discharge air flow. Furnish fan unit with inlet and outlet flanges, duct equalizer section, and automatic operation adjustable inlet vanes. Unless otherwise indicated, provide motors that do not exceed 1800 rpm and have open, dripproof, totally enclosed, or explosion-proof enclosure. Provide magnetic motor starters across-the-line with general-purpose enclosure.

2.11.1.4 Panel Type Power Wall Ventilators

Provide propeller type fans, assembled on a reinforced metal panel with venturi opening spun into panel. Provide direct or V-belt driven fans with wheels less than 600 mm 24 inches in diameter and provide V-belt driven fans with wheels 600 mm 24 inches in diameter and larger. Provide fans with wall mounting collar. Provide lubricated bearings. Equip fans with wheel and motor side metal or wire guards which have a corrosion-resistant finish. Provide dripproof type motor enclosure. Install gravity backdraft dampers where indicated.

2.11.1.5 Centrifugal Type Power Wall Ventilators

Provide direct driven centrifugal type fans with backward inclined, non-overloading wheel. Provide removable and weatherproof motor housing.

Provide unit housing that is designed for sealing to building surface and for discharge and condensate drippage away from building surface.

Construct housing of heavy gauge aluminum. Equip unit with an aluminum or plated steel wire discharge bird screen, disconnect switch, stainless steel wall grille, manufacturer's standard gravity damper, an airtight and liquid-tight metallic wall sleeve. Provide dripproof type motor enclosure. Use only lubricated bearings.

2.11.1.6 Omitted

2.11.1.7 Omitted

2.11.1.8 Omitted

2.11.1.9 Omitted

2.11.2 Omitted

2.11.2.1 Direct-Expansion Coils

Provide suitable direct-expansion coils for the refrigerant involved.

Provide refrigerant piping that conforms to ASTM B280 and clean, dehydrate and seal. Provide seamless copper tubing suction headers or seamless or resistance welded steel tube suction headers with copper connections.

Provide supply headers that consist of a distributor which distributes the refrigerant through seamless copper tubing equally to all circuits in the coil. Provide circuited tubes to ensure minimum pressure drop and maximum heat transfer. Provide circuiting that permits refrigerant flow from inlet to suction outlet without causing oil slugging or restricting refrigerant flow in coil. Provide field installed coils which are completely dehydrated and sealed at the factory upon completion of pressure tests.

Pressure test coils in accordance with UL 1995.

2.11.2.2 Omitted

2.11.2.3 Omitted

2.11.2.4 Omitted

2.11.2.5 Electric Heating Coil

Provide an electric duct heater coil in accordance with UL 1995 and NFPA 70.

Provide duct- or unit-mounted coil. Provide nickel chromium resistor, single stage, strip, or nickel chromium resistor, single stage, strip or stainless steel, fin tubular type coil. Provide coil with a built-in or surface-mounted high-limit thermostat interlocked electrically so that the coil cannot be energized unless the fan is energized. Provide galvanized steel or aluminum coil casing and support brackets. Mount coil to eliminate noise from expansion and contraction and for complete accessibility for service.

2.11.2.6 Omitted

2.11.2.7 Omitted

2.11.2.8 Omitted

2.11.3 Air Filters

List air filters according to requirements of UL 900, except list high efficiency particulate air filters of 99.97 percent efficiency by the DOP Test method under the Label Service to meet the requirements of UL 586.

2.11.3.1 Omitted

2.11.3.2 Omitted

2.11.3.3 Cartridge Type Filters

Provide 12 inch depth, sectional, replaceable dry media type filters of the size indicated with a MERV of 13 when tested according to ASHRAE 52.2.

Provide initial resistance at 500 fpm that does not exceed 0.56 inches, water gauge. Provide UL class 1 filters, and pleated microglass paper media with corrugated aluminum separators, sealed inside the filter cell to form a totally rigid filter assembly. Fluctuations in filter face velocity or turbulent airflow have no effect on filter integrity or performance.

Install each filter [with an extended surface pleated media panel filter as a prefilter] in a factory preassembled side access housing, or a factory-made…