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Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION

The Facilities Excellence Program

Purpose AFSPC Facilities Excellence Guide Facilities Excellence Program and Standards Handbook

Description of the Planning Process Organization

Introduction to the FEP Background Character Areas Site Design Architecture Interior Design Infrastructure and Engineering Links and Resources Web Tools Questions and Approvals What’s new in the FEP Search

Electronic Facilities Excellence Program Users’ Guide Introduction How to Use the Facilities Excellence Program Using the Search Option Symbols Need More Help?

Implementation Responsibilities Plan Maintenance Plan Revisions Plan Implementation Procedures

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BACKGROUND

Installation Description Installation Description History Local and Regional Conditions Vicinity Adjacent Neighborhoods Climate Regional Characteristics

Topography Regional Style

Sustainable Design Principles Sustainable Siting Principles Creating Sustainable Facilities

Force Protection

CHARACTER

Architectural Character Areas Historical District Character Area Historic District/ Landmark Sub-Area Design Intent

Barracks and Administrative Accompanied Housing Stables Community Facilities

Design Guidelines Facility Index Assets, Liabilities, and Recommendations Landscaping Design Matrix Historic Influence Sub-Area Design Intent Design Guidelines Facility Index Assets, Liabilities, and Recommendations Landscaping Design Matrix Industrial Design Intent Design Guidelines Facility Index Assets, Liabilities. and Recommendations Assets Landscaping Design Matrix Community Character Area Design Intent Design Guidelines Facility Index Assets, Liabilities, and Recommendations Landscaping

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Design Matrix

SITE DESIGN

Site Locations and Analysis Surrounding Natural Features Built Features

General Site and Landscaping Design Considerations Site Analysis – The Next Step Preservation of Natural Site Features Site/Historic Context Building and Site Configuration ADA Compliance

Hardscape Standards Recommendations Curbs

Barrier Curbs Mountable Curbs Header Curbs Painting

Parking Design Off-Street Parking Guidelines Parking Space Criteria Motorcycle Parking Bicycle Parking Open Storage Lots

Walkway and Bikeway System Overview Pathway Design Curb Ramps Steps Crosswalks

Bike Route Hike and Bike Trail Roads

Layout Hierarchy Intersections Road Standards Markings Utility Cuts

Gates Layout Barricades

Pavements Asphalt Concrete

Site Furnishings Courtyards and Plazas Pavilions and Shelters

Gazebos

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Motorcycle Shelters Bus Stop Shelters Picnic Shelters

Furnishings Benches and Tables Trash Receptacles and Newspaper Racks Planters Ash Urns and Sand Barrels Bike Racks Bollards Barricades Playground Equipment

Fences, Screening, and Enclosures Freestanding Walls Fences Dumpster/Utility Enclosures Berms Retaining Walls

Information Systems Newspaper Dispensers Postal Drop and Pick-up Boxes Vending Machines

Monuments and Displays Flag Displays Monuments Static Displays

Exterior Signage Base Identification Signs Military Identification Signs Community Identification Signs Directional Signs Regulatory Signs Motivational Signs Information Signs Electronic Marquee Signs Historic Interpretive Signs Lighting Area Lighting

Roadway Lighting Parking Lighting

Walkway and Pathway Lighting Facility Exterior Lighting Special Lighting Applications

Flagpole Static Displays Base Main Entrance Landscape Lighting

Landscape Developments General Recommendations

Historic District North/South District

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Landscape Character Areas Historic District North District South District

Corridors Xeriscaping

ARCHITECTURAL

Attitude Form, Shape, Proportion Size, Massing, Scale Elements Fenestration Entries Detailing Materials

INTERIORS

Design Process Design Development Interior Design Requirements Mission Physical Requirements Codes and Regulations Space Planning Criteria Furnishing Standards Finish Standards New Buildings Historic Buildings Interior Signage Observations and Recommendations Lighting

Artificial Lighting Natural Light

Air Quality and Temperature Acoustics Accessories Ancillary Spaces Specialized Facilities Dormitory Missile Alert Facilities Craftsmanship and Installation Ergonomics

INFRASTRUCTURE

Application Purpose Scope

References and Criteria General Requirements Sections

Submittals

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Design Reviews and Base Comments General Design and Construction Documents F.E. Warren AFB Guide Specifications

Computer Aided Design and Drafting AutoCAD Drawings Surveying

Architecture Design Excellence Codes, References, and Guidelines Engineering Technical Letters (ETLs) Design Guidance Base Information Design Requirements

Civil and Structural Engineering Codes, References, and Guidelines Civil Design Guidance Structural Design Guidance

Mechanical Engineering Codes, References, and Guidelines

Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) Design Guidance Preferred Systems Controls Construction Practices

Plumbing Water Pressure Design Guidance Metering Construction Practices

Natural Gas Utilities Fire Detection and Protection Engineering

Codes, References, and Guidelines Basewide System Water Pressure Design Guidance Construction Practices

Communications Codes, References, and Guidelines Protection Distribution System (PDS) Base Distribution System Facility Communications Rooms Facility Communications Standards Utility Service Interruptions Temporary Power

Electrical Engineering Codes, References, and Guidelines Base Power Exterior Electrical Distribution System Protective Device Coordination and Source Transfer Functions Insulation Coordination Manholes, Handholes and Terminal Cabinets

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Conduit Conductors Grounding Switchgear Connections/Junctions Equipment Enclosures Facility Power System Cathodic Protection Lighting, Indoor Lighting, Exit and Emergency Lighting, Outdoor Pre-wired Systems and Office Furniture

Environmental Engineering Codes, References, and Guidelines Site Specific Regulations and Requirements General Base Information Permits Applications, Supporting Documents, and Fees Permits, Notices, Reviews, and/or Approvals Land Development Construction Permit Air Pollutant Emission Notice and Permit Fuel Storage Tank Registration NPDES General Permit for Storm Water Discharge Hazardous Waste Disposal of Contractor Generated Hazardous Wastes Recycling and Waste Minimization Construction Practices Affirmative Procurement Energy Conservation and Green Design Specific F.E. Warren AFB Requirements

Construction Management Construction Site Digging Permits, Crane Permits, Utility Locates, and Easements

LINKS

Bibliography Implementation

Introduction FEP Parallel Documents Setting Priorities FEP Administrator Updating the FEP Project Evaluation Project Review Review Checklist Landscape Design Landscape Inventory

Applicable Codes

-BIBLIOGRAPHY

Project Review Checklist

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Facility Excellence Force Protection Sustainable Design

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Introduction The Facilities Excellence Program

The Francis E. Warren Air Force Base (F.E. Warren AFB) Facilities Excellence Plan (FEP) is a tool used to guide the development or redevelopment of all facilities on the installation.

It provides guidance for all aspects of real property improvements including site development and design, architecture, interiors, and landscape architecture.

The FEP has several functions:

• Provides efficient, fully functional facilities that support mission function.

• Assures the optimum use of existing facilities to minimize new Military Construction requirements.

• Represents a wise investment of public funds.

• Assures mission requirements are fully met at an appropriately low life-cycle cost, while considering quality design, construction, maintenance, and repair of facilities/infrastructure.

Purpose

Achieving facility excellence requires careful planning and articulation of standards. The purpose of the FEP is to establish and document installation-specific standards and provide a tool to assure these standards are consistently applied. This FEP recognizes the cultural/historic, environmental, climatic, and existing facility conditions unique to F.E. Warren AFB and defines the appropriate styles, finishes, and materials to be used to achieve the best facility life-cycle costs, while retaining the appropriate environment for people to maximize their productivity.

AFSPC Facilities Excellence Guide

The Facilities Excellence Plan is a tool used to guide development of all facilities at F. E. Warren AFB.

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Air Force Space Command ( AFSPC) Facilities Excellence Guide is an overview document intended for use as a policy and reference document for all levels within AFSPC. It contains command policy and guidelines for installation development, planning, and design including pictorial examples. The AFCEE website is a destination to access the AFSPC Facilities Excellence Guide.

Facilities Excellence Program and Standards Handbook

Air Force Space Command Handbook (AFSPCH) 32-1004, Facilities Excellence Program and Standards Handbook provides guidance and standards to be applied when developing installation specific FEPs.

This FEP has been prepared utilizing this handbook for general guidance.

Description of the Planning Process

The previous FEP for the installation was completed in March of 1999, revalidated in June 2000, updated in 2004, and converted to an electronic format in 2005. The 2005 effort included simplifying the Architectural Character Areas to more closely match the established Landscape Development Plan, in addition to creating an updateable, electronic product for use of the installation’s intranet.

Organization

The FEP has been organized to promote ease of use and to accommodate routine updates and revisions. The following paragraphs describe the overall organization of the FEP and what is discussed in each primary category.

Introduction to the FEP

This portion of the FEP links the user to further FEP information from various different locations, helps users optimize viewing of the electronic FEP, and provides guidance for how to implement and maintain the FEP.

Background

The Background section of the FEP provides general information about F.E. Warren and its context. It also provides overall information on subjects that pertain to the installation as a whole such as, sustainability and force protection.

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Character Areas

The Character Areas section divides the base up into several areas with similar uses, site elements, and architectural character. It also provides specific design standard recommendations for items such as form, materials, roof shapes, fenestration, entries, service areas, and additions.

Site Design

The Site Design portion of the FEP contains everything you need to know regarding the various site elements, hardscape, landscaping, site furnishings, exterior signage, and lighting

Architecture

The Architecture section contains general architectural design guide information, as well as very specific information on design elements and materials to be used on the installation. The section also contains specific information on the materials to be used throughout the base.

Interior Design

The Interior Design portion of the FEP deals with everything inside the facilities. It describes how to work with an interior designer on a space, where signage is to go, and what types of sign to use. The section also gives specific information regarding the use of materials and different furniture systems.

Infrastructure and Engineering

This section provides designers and other professionals working on base projects with a list of requirements, applicable codes, and specific guidelines necessary for compliance with the installation, regarding various engineering disciplines.

Links and Resources

The Links and Resources section contains all the Air Force Regulations, Engineering Technical Letters, and Instructions pertaining to FEP related issues. This section also contains a list of links to other FEP relevant sites.

Web Tools

This section contains an outline that also serves as a web site map. The outline is linked to the various pages in the web site for quick reference.

Questions and Approvals

This is where FEP users can send questions to the FEP manager and download approval forms to help them implement the FEP.

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What’s new in the FEP

What’s new in the FEP is a place for the FEP manager to post links to pages that have been updated. It is a quick reference for new information in the FEP.

Search

This plan is equipped with a search engine that searches the content of each page for keywords. This search engine allows users to get right to the information they need and be able to find all pages associated with the topic they are searching for.

Electronic Facilities Excellence Program Users’ Guide

The F.E. Warren Facilities Excellence Program can be viewed on the base intranet site, from a CD ROM, or on a local hard drive. This up-to-date, authoritative version contains intra-Facilities Excellence Program hypertext links, interactive maps, photographs, other graphics, and links to supporting source documents, database files, and F. E. Warren AFB and non- F. E. Warren AFB web sites. The following information will help you view this software to its maximum capabilities.

Introduction

Software Requirements Since the F. E. Warren FEP is essentially a self-contained website, it can be viewed using a standard internet browser such as, Microsoft Internet Explorer 4, or newer, and Netscape Navigator 4, or newer.

Tips and Hints Smaller computers (less than 32 MB RAM) may experience problems such as slow performance, hangs, and lock-ups when opening two or more interactive maps simultaneously.

If you have a pop-up window blocking software on your computer, you will need to turn it off to view the acronym pop-ups.

Map Viewing Software The computer program, Volo View Express 2.01, is required to view the interactive or “smart maps” contained within the FEP. A copy of the required program has been provided with the FEP.

When a link to a smart map is clicked on, the map viewing software will start and the map will be displayed.

How to Use the Facilities Excellence Program

The FEP application has an Autorun feature which causes the FEP to automatically run when the CD is inserted into the computer’s disk drive. If the FEP is running slow, you may want to copy the entire contents of the CD to the hard drive.

If viewing the FEP over your own computer, open the file named index.htm on your CD-ROM drive. You should see the FEP “Splash” page. Click on the image to enter the FEP.

To create a shortcut to the FEP, right click on the desktop (anywhere on the screen that is blank) and then follow these steps:

• You must first save the contents of the CD onto your hard drive or a networked server, taking care that all the files are saved in a single directory named F.E. Warren FEP.

• Left click “New,” then “Shortcut.”

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• Using the browse option, find the folder you saved the FEP application to. Under the F.E. Warren FEP folder, double-click on the index.htm file. You may need to change the "files of type" field to “all files” as shown on the following page.

• In Create Shortcut window, left click “Next>.”

• Type a shortcut name and click “Finish.”

From this point on, you can click on your F.E. Warren FEP shortcut icon to go directly to the FEP.

Specific Naming Instructions There are three parts to the page as you are viewing the F.E. Warren FEP, as shown below:

• Side Bar

• Top Bar

• Main Frame The text that reads “F.E. Warren Air Force Base” in the upper left corner is linked to the Start/Home Page and acts like your browser's “Home” button, bringing you back to the FEP home page. If you ever get lost while viewing the FEP, this will return you to a known starting point.

You will note a series of links in the top bar of the page. These links will appear on every page and allow you to move through the site according to your individual preferences.

If you are not sure where to begin, you can use the Search feature (in the side bar) to locate information on a specific topic, or simply begin at the beginning by reading through the Introduction.

Using the Search Option

There are two ways in the F.E. Warren FEP to conduct a search.

The first is the “Search” button on the side bar, which will produce the screen on the right. You may then type the text that you’re looking for. Once you’re on the desired page, you can further your search on that page by going to the menu bar and selecting “Edit” and then “Find (on this page).” Once you type in the text (or part of the text), the search will be conducted and the text highlighted.

The second is if you know the building number you are seeking, you may enter it in the “Building Search” box in the top bar.

Symbols

Key to Guidelines Throughout the site, guidelines are coded by the following symbols:

Mandatory Requirement

Guideline

Supplemental Information.

Directional Symbols Throughout the FEP, this symbol, when clicked, will take you back to the previous page in that particular section.

Another directional symbol, the symbol, when clicked, will take you back to the top of the page that you are on.

Other Symbols

Throughout the FEP, this symbol indicates that a picture can be enlarged by clicking on the symbol or the picture that the symbol is under.

The Bookmark symbol allows the user to know that they aren't linking out of the current page that they are in, but rather scrolling to a bookmark further down the page.

The Acronym Symbol , when clicked, will open a pop-up window that defines the acronym. Note: If you have a pop-up window blocking software on your computer, you will need to turn it off to view the acronym pop-ups

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Need More Help?

Contact the FEP Architect, Jake Mennella. The FEP is intended to be a “living document” and will need your support to stay current and useful to the decision-makers here at F.E. Warren AFB

Implementation

The most effective means to improve facilities at F. E. Warren AFB is to officially adopt and implement this FEP. This section describes policies and procedures necessary to maintain and implement the FEP.

Responsibilities

The 90 SW Commander is responsible for the planning and management of installation resources.

Furthermore, the 90 SW Commander has site approval authority for future facilities as Chair of the Installation Facilities Board. Therefore, the 90 SW Commander has ultimate authority over revisions and implementation of the FEP.

The 90 CES Commander is responsible for maintenance of the FEP.

All senior commanders and staff must become familiar with the FEP, stay abreast of changing conditions and propose changes, when essential to accurately reflect existing conditions.

Plan Maintenance

The FEP is an on-going pursuit of betterment, a “living document” requiring updates and changes as needs of the base evolve over time. The Base Architect (90 CES/CECE), with support of staff in the appropriate areas of expertise, will maintain the document and update it when necessary.

Plan Revisions

Military installations are an ever-changing locale. Base missions may change, Major Command policies can evolve, and construction technology may advance. When such changes occur, the FEP will require revision. Due to its wide-ranging scope, the FEP affects all areas of F.E. Warren AFB. Consequently, revisions to this plan will be subject to formal approval.

Plan Implementation

In order to be effective, it will be necessary to enforce the use of, and conformance to FEP provisions.

The best way to implement the FEP is by familiarization. 90 CES will enforce compliance of FEP provisions through the design process. The scope of work, drawing and specification documents plus rigorous design review process and contractor selection process are the tools of enforcement.

Procedures

At a minimum, the FEP should be reviewed and revalidated annually as an action of the Base Facilities Board. The narrative and graphics should be updated on an as needed basis, a minimum of once every three years. All minor revisions should be approved by the Facilities Board and forwarded to HQ

AFSPC/CEPP.

Any proposed change that is considered significant to facilities design should be forwarded immediately to 90 CES/CECE.

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The custodian of the FEP shall maintain accurate distribution records in order to facilitate distribution of approved page changes.

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Background Installation Description

Francis E. Warren AFB occupies 5,866 acres, or approximately 9 square miles of Federally owned land, located on the western edge of the city of Cheyenne in southeastern Laramie County, Wyoming. The base is approximately 11 miles north of the Colorado border, just off Interstate 25 (I-25). Approximately 100 miles north of Denver, Colorado, and 45 miles east of Laramie, Wyoming, Interstate 25 intersects I-80 about three miles south of the Main Gate.

The 90th Space Wing (90 SW) has Missile Alert Facilities (MAFs) and Launch Facilities (LFs) supporting Minuteman III missiles. Missiles are deployed in an area encompassing 12,600 square miles in the states of Colorado, Nebraska, and Wyoming. There are numerous other associated units in both direct and indirect support of these missions.

The mission of the 90 SW is:

“Defending America with the world’s most powerful combat ready ICBM force.”

For detailed information on the base organization and associated units, refer to the F.E. Warren AFB General Plan.

Installation Description

Francis E. Warren AFB occupies 5,866 acres, or approximately 9 square miles of Federally owned land, located on the western edge of the city of Cheyenne in southeastern Laramie County, Wyoming. The base is approximately 11 miles north of the Colorado border, just off Interstate 25 (I-25). Approximately 100 miles north of Denver, Colorado, and 45 miles east of Laramie, Wyoming, Interstate 25 intersects I-80 about three miles south of the Main Gate.

The 90th Space Wing (90 SW) has Missile Alert Facilities (MAFs) and Launch Facilities (LFs) supporting Minuteman III missiles. Missiles are deployed in an area encompassing 12,600 square miles in the states of Colorado, Nebraska, and Wyoming. There are numerous other associated units in both direct and indirect support of these missions.

The mission of the 90 SW is:

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“Defending America with the world’s most powerful combat ready ICBM force.”

For detailed information on the base organization and associated units, refer to the F.E. Warren AFB General Plan.

History

Francis E. Warren AFB is the oldest continuously active military installation within the Air Force. The base had its beginning as a military post on July 4, 1867, when Fort D. A.

Russell was established to protect Union Pacific Railroad track-laying crews while they were laying track to California. Fort D.

A. Russell ultimately became one of the largest cavalry posts in the United States (U. S.) and remained an important Army post well into the next century. Over the years, the Army post supported artillery, cavalry, and infantry units. The post’s name was changed to Fort Francis E. Warren on January 1, 1930 in honor of Francis Emory Warren, a Civil War Medal of Honor winner, the first Governor of the State of Wyoming, and a United States Senator.

During the 1930s, Fort Warren transitioned from cavalry horses and mules to motorized vehicles. Infantry and field artillery units left the post in 1940. They were replaced by the Quartermaster Replacement Training Center, which supported about 26,000 troops at its peak and remained active for the duration of World War II. The Air Force assumed control of the base in 1947 under the newly formed Air Training Command (now Air Education and Training Command) and two years later, the base was renamed Francis E. Warren Air Force Base.

The installation was utilized as a training base until 1958, when it was assigned to the Strategic Air Command (SAC). At this time, it became the first Air Force installation dedicated solely to Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) operations. Atlas D and E missiles were deployed to sites in northern Colorado, western Nebraska, and eastern Wyoming.

The 90th Strategic Missile Wing (90 SMW) was activated on July 1, 1963, becoming the free world’s largest ICBM unit. In the early 1960s, 200 Minuteman I missiles replaced the Atlas ICBMs. By 1975, all Minuteman I missiles had been replaced by the Minuteman III weapon system.

In June 1992, as part of the restructuring of the Air Force, the 90 SMW was re-designated the 90th Missile Wing (90 MW) and reassigned to Air Combat Command (ACC), concurrent with the inactivation of SAC. On July 1, 1993, the realignment of the 20th Air Force (20 AF) from ACC to AFSPC placed the 90 MW under its third Major Command in less than two years.

Twentieth Air Force, the headquarters for all the Nation’s ICBM units, relocated to F.E.Warren AFB on October 1, 1993.

On October 1, 1997, the 90 MW was re-designated the 90th Space Wing. The 4th Command and Control Squadron (4CACS) was activated on July 7, 1999 and re-designated 153CACS in 2002. Deactivation of the Peacekeeper missile system began in October 2002.

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Local and Regional Conditions

Vicinity Adjacent Neighborhoods Climate Regional Characteristics

Vicinity

The City of Cheyenne, the state capital and seat of Laramie County, is just east of and adjacent to F.E. Warren AFB.

Downtown Cheyenne is located approximately one mile due east of the base’s main gate. Unincorporated Laramie County surrounds F.E. Warren AFB to the north, south, and west.

According to the U.S. Census, in 2000 the population of Cheyenne was 53,011, an increase of 3,003 persons since 1990 or six percent growth. The population of Laramie County was 82,894 in 2002, up from 73,142 in 1990, indicating a positive growth trend for the County.

Adjacent Neighborhoods

Several residential neighborhoods are directly adjacent to the installation boundary. The residential neighborhood near Gate 1 consists of small, well-kept houses constructed between 1900 and 1940. Neighborhood landscapes are composed of mature trees and maintained lawns. The Western Hills residential neighborhood abuts the northeastern installation boundary. Homes in this area were constructed between the late 1960s to about 1980. Adjacent land near Gate 2 is sparsely developed with industrial and commercial uses.

For detailed information on existing and future off-installation land uses, refer to the F.E. Warren AFB General Plan.

Climate

The area in the immediate vicinity of the installation experiences moderately warm summers and cold winters. The average annual temperature is 8°C, or 48°F. The average daily maximum and minimum temperatures are 28°C (83°F) in July and -3.3°C (26°F) in January. Temperature extremes range from -37°to 38°C (- 34°to 100°F). Prevailing winds are from the northwest to west throughout the year, with secondary peaks in wind frequency from south to north, spring through autumn.

The annual average wind speed is 13 miles per hour. Annual average precipitation is about 14". Winter is

Attachment 10 the driest season, with average monthly precipitation of less than 1". Late spring and early summer are the wettest times of the year, with just over 2" average monthly precipitation.

Regional Characteristics

Topography

Broad plateaus and the flood plain of Crow Creek characterize the topography of F.E. Warren AFB. The plateaus are nearly flat in the historic core and increase in slope along the ridgelines and along Crow Creek. Elevation ranges from about 6,080' in the southeastern corner of the base to 6,365' in the northern portion, where there is a predominant east-west ridgeline known as Base Line Ridge.

Regional Style

The high plains of central Wyoming were chosen for a military post on July 4, 1867, when Fort D. A.

Russell was established to protect track-laying crews of the Union Pacific Railroad. Fort D. A. Russell ultimately became one of the largest cavalry posts in the United States. The personality of F.E. Warren AFB, as it exists today, is derived from the historic facilities that were constructed in the late 1800s and early 1900s.

The original design for Fort D. A. Russell was a direct outgrowth of the City Beautiful Movement of the late nineteenth century. The movement emphasized an urban design philosophy that embraced the beaux-arts principles of classical aesthetics and social order. Key elements were the conscious placement of facilities, landscaping, and circulation systems to create vistas and reinforce space and massing hierarchies. These, in turn, helped separate and define the social strata of the base.

Barracks buildings, stables, and other types of facilities have been creatively adapted to accommodate new uses while maintaining their historical significance. New construction on the installation uses elements, materials, and the ambiance of the existing historic district to continue the cohesiveness of the installation and bring the F.E. Warren AFB into the next century.

The Cheyenne, Wyoming area has developed over the years without the emergence of a recognizable regional "style" of architecture. Much of the architectural expression in the area has been borrowed from other regions, often from other time periods. Architecture in Wyoming could be characterized as a variety of eclectic styles and influences, with no dominant architectural group that can be readily associated with the region.

Sustainable Design Principles

Sustainable planning and development is mandated and guided by several Executive Orders and Federal policies.

• Executive Order 13101 “Greening the Government through Waste Prevention, Recycling, and Federal Acquisition,” September 14, 1998 – Affirmative Procurement Program.

• Executive Order 13148 “Greening the Government through Leadership in Environmental Management,” April 26, 2000.

"Green" architecture or sustainability is responsible stewardship of our natural, human, and financial resources through a practical and balanced approach. Sustainable development requires changes to the facility design and construction process to ensure the "best fit" of the built environment to the natural

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Attachment 10 environment. Sustainability integrates "green" or environmentally responsible practices into the process of facility delivery from the very beginning.

These sustainable practices are an investment in the future. Through conservation, improved maintainability; recycling, reduction, and reuse of waste; and other actions and innovations, we can meet today's needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own.

The overall goal is not merely to produce environmental demonstration projects, but to become environmentally responsible in the delivery of all Air Force facilities. Specific goals are:

• To use resources efficiently and to minimize raw material consumption, including energy, water, land, and materials, both during the construction process and throughout the life of the facility.

• To maximize resource reuse, while maintaining financial stewardship.

• To move away from fossil fuels and towards renewable energy sources.

• To create a healthy working environment for all who use the facility.

• To build facilities of long-term value.

• To protect and, where appropriate, to restore the natural environment.

Emphasis on sustainable design is rapidly becoming more important. The USAF has reevaluated construction practices and created policies such as “affirmative procurement,” which emphasize sustainability principles and concepts to be incorporated into the design of all projects. F.E. Warren AFB is committed to the implementation of sustainable and integrated designs responding to the specific climatic conditions at F.E. Warren.

The measurement and verification of sustainable actions is key to achieving the goals established for all development in general, and for particular projects. The Air Force is currently using a sustainable rating tool established by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC), titled Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEEDTM).

The recently completed Fitness Center introduces significant amounts of natural light into its interior.

LEEDTM is a nationally recognized, voluntary rating system that has been endorsed by the Air Force.

LEEDTM defines a threshold for green buildings and introduces a tool to promote a whole building approach that encourages and guides a collaborative, integrated design and construction process. LEEDTM is performance based, compatible with standard design processes, self-evaluating, self-documenting, but not self-certifying. Certification is done solely by USGBC. The five primary LEEDTM categories include:

• Sustainable Sites

• Water Efficiency

• Energy and Atmosphere

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• Materials and Resources

• Indoor Environmental Quality Some aspects of sustainable design are not new. Attention has been given in the past to energy conservation and efficiency, water conservation, recycling, reduced use of ozone depleting substances, and avoidance of the use of certain harmful substances such as asbestos, lead based paints, and PCBs.

The key to success is an integral design approach, where evaluation of any building element, material, or system is not viewed solely on the basis of its own isolated merits and cost, but is designed and appraised as an integrated part of the entire facility. The goal is to design a facility for which overall quality is higher, life-cycle costs are lower, and sustainability concepts and principles are incorporated to the greatest extent possible.

Detailed guidance and technical resources for sustainable design are contained on AFCEE’s Environmental Quality Home Page. Some of the topics addressed are:

• Affirmative Procurement

• Air Quality

• Contracting Services

• ECAMP

• Education and Training

• EPCRA

• Hazardous Materials Managements

• Model Shop

• P2 Toolbox

• PRO-ACT

• RCRA/Hazardous Waste

• Ranges and Munitions

• Spill Response Management

• Sustainable Development

• Integrated Solid Waste Management

• Water Quality

Sustainable Siting Principles

Siting a building on an east-west axis with the longest wall along a southern exposure will optimize solar heat in the winter. Provision of louvers or recessed windows and doors will provide shading in the summer. Use of surrounding deciduous trees provides shade in summer and sun in winter. Incorporating these passive solar design principles into buildings can reduce energy requirements. Preserving the integrity of the site by properly locating a building to preserve natural grades and use landforms to block winter winds results in a low-impact site development. Minimizing grading maintains the land's hydrologic functions and can therefore reduce stormwater runoff.

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Changing irrigation practices and behavior can reduce water consumption, which in turn saves energy. The use of native or XeriscapeTM landscape materials can significantly reduce maintenance costs, providing a real “sense of place,” while reflecting the unique indigenous surrounding environment.

Larger community issues of site planning and zoning are also important to consider. Siting buildings near supporting or complementary uses/facilities can increase mission efficiency, while promoting pedestrian traffic. Site improvements such as walking and bicycle paths also help ensure pedestrian use, thus reducing reliance on the automobile. Proper coordination of these goals should be implemented with the 90th Civil Engineer Squadron (90 CES).

The installation’s sustainable design goals related to site development include:

• Minimize erosion and sediment impacts during the construction process.

• Accommodate alternative transportation options, including efficient, easily accessible bicycle circulation systems.

• Incorporate methods and strategies that minimize site disturbances (over lot grading, removal of trees, changing of natural drainages, etc.).

• Utilize roadway and parking design solutions that are efficient, minimize impervious surfaces, and reduce the urban heat island effect, while meeting force protection criteria.

• Develop design solutions that conserve site open space and cluster buildings efficiently on the site, while meeting force protection criteria. Consider additions to existing buildings, rather than new construction, to minimize force protection setback areas.

Creating Sustainable Facilities Energy-efficient floor plans place the primary workspaces on the south side and lesser-used rooms, such as storage and utility rooms, on the colder north side. Zoning a floor plan to group similar functions together can reduce heating and cooling costs by similarly zoning the mechanical system to those areas.

Solar water heating can reduce carbon emissions created through conventional heating systems. Ground source heating systems utilize the earth’s consistent temperature to heat and cool a building, reducing the need for fossil fuels. Natural light should be introduced into the interior environment to further reduce energy needs and improve quality of life.

Creating Sustainable Facilities

Energy-efficient buildings are more airtight and therefore hold greater potential for indoor air quality problems, especially if not properly ventilated. A properly designed mechanical system should provide a steady, controlled stream of fresh air to help remove pollutants and improve indoor air quality. Building products can contribute to poor air quality; however, potential problems can be reduced by selecting materials lower in chemicals and toxins. When specifying for construction, solid wood or metal materials should be strongly considered, since manufactured wood products can contain glues and use finishes that are high in formaldehyde. Manufactured wood products can also use materials constructed with water based adhesives and caulks.

Many manufacturers, with readily-available materials, have established programs aimed at sustainable concepts. A practical and balanced approach between utilization of materials provided by environmentally responsible manufacturers versus economics must be employed. Materials manufactured locally promote the local economy and reduce energy consumption due to eliminating the need for long distance shipping . Recycled materials use less energy to manufacture than virgin materials. At a minimum, only appliances with the Energy Star label should be acquired; these are no more expensive

Sustainable design goals related to site development include maximizing erosion and sediment control during the construction process.

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Attachment 10 than “conventional” appliances. Care should be taken in specifying window selection to ensure proper insulation values to reduce energy costs and consumption.

Other sustainability resources:

• Greening Federal Facilities; An Energy Environmental, and Economic Resource Guide for Federal Facility Managers and Designers, Second Edition, Department of Energy (DOE/GO-102001-1165)

• ETL 00-1: EPA Guideline Items in Construction and Other Civil Engineering Specifications

• Guide to Green Purchasing: The Air Force Affirmative Procurement Program, AFCEE (Brooks Air Force Base, Texas)

• ETL 1110-3-491: Sustainable Design for Military Facilities, Department of the Army (USA)

• Sustainable Development Policy, Dec. 19, 2001

• USAF Environmentally Responsible Facilities Guide

• Affirmative Procurement Program Overview

• Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Building Savings: Strategies for Waste Reduction of Construction and Demolition Debris from Buildings

• Green Building Program for Military Construction Headquarters US Army Corps of Engineers

• The White House: Protection our Environment and Public Health a Record of Accomplishment, April 21, 2000

• The White House: “Greening the Government”, April 22, 2000

Force Protection

All site planning at F.E. Warren AFB must address Anti- Terrorism/Force Protection (AT/FP) requirements, as described in the United States Air Force Installation Force Protection and in The Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) 4-010-01, DoD Minimum Antiterrorism Standards for Buildings.

The United States Air Force Installation Force Protection Guide contains information on installation planning, engineering design, and construction techniques that can preclude or minimize the effects of terrorist attacks upon existing and future facilities through the comprehensive planning process, facility site design, and building systems design.

UFC 4-010-01 DoD Minimum Antiterrorism Standards provides mandatory DoD minimum anti-terrorism standards for new and existing inhabited buildings, meeting prescribed inhabitance and adjacency triggers.

Implementing appropriate force protection measures at the planning stage of a project can reduce and/or eliminate piecemeal and costly security enhancements later. Force protection objectives must be balanced with other planning objectives, such as efficient use of land and resources and preservation of historic buildings, and should take into account existing physical, programmatic, aesthetic, and fiscal requirements. If force protection requirements are properly considered at the project’s inception the criteria can be incorporated seamlessly and attractively into each project on the installation.

Assessing and selecting stand-off distances should be considered during the initial stages of site planning.

Standoff distances and building separation – controlled perimeter.

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While the ultimate responsibility for force protection rests with the Installation Commander, the specific force protection requirements should be coordinated through 90 CES and the 90th Security Forces Group.

Permanent, passive barriers that visually enhance and complement the design of a facility are preferable to temporary, tacked-on, out of context elements. Integrating landscape planning, site furnishing,s and site elements such as fences, courtyards, screen walls, ditches, berms, bollards, planters, and retaining walls can be effective protective measures. Some of these site elements can also easily be designed to match the main facility and produce one overall design theme through the consistent use and application of forms, materials, and colors.

Vehicle and traffic obstacles such as the Jersey Barrier, concrete cubes, cylinders, tetrahedrons, King Tut Block, heavy equipment tires, and 55-gallon (208.2 L) drums are visual liabilities and should only be used as additional, temporary protection.

Force protection within the Historic District needs to be incorporated in such a way that it does not detract from the overall ambiance of the area.

• Vehicle Intrusion Deterrent Fences are used within the Historic District to meet force protection requirements for certain buildings. The approved fencing material is black pipe rail with either stone or brick piers.

• Within the Historic District, no fences or walls should be placed between buildings along Randall Avenue. These types of fences detract from the historic pattern and spacing of buildings.

Standoff distances and building separation – no controlled perimeter.

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Attachment 10

Attachment 10

Extracted from EPIC on 12 Oct 2005, 10:10

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Attachment 10

Character Architectural Character Areas

The Architectural Character Area section of the FEP has been developed to provide a one-stop reference guide for specific building design, landscape design, and site element information within each area of the installation. Discussions of their location, original design intent, design objectives for future projects, and visual assets and liabilities are included to help familiarize the FEP user with the individual character areas and their distinctive design characteristics.

A Facility Index and a Design Matrix are included with each Character Area section to directly link you to the standard elements that are to be used in the various areas.

F.E. Warren has been divided into three visually and functionally different main character areas:

Historical District Character Area Historic District / Landmark Sub Area Historic Influence Sub Area Industrial Character Area Community Character Area These areas have been designated based on the installation’s existing land use pattern, and the use of a consistent design vocabulary.

The Historic District Character Area creates a lasting impression of the installation.

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Historical District Character Area

The Historical District Character Area is divided into two sub-areas. The Historic/Landmark Sub-Character Area contains the actual Historic District.

The Historic Influence Sub-Character Area is located outside the Historic District, but contains facilities that pull design characteristics from the Historic District.

The Historical District Character Area creates a positive and lasting impression of F.E. Warren AFB. This character area, as defined in the Facilities Excellence Program, represents a combination of both the existing and proposed land use plan and the current Historic District and Historic Landmark Boundary.

Building 129

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Historic District/ Landmark Sub-Area

This sub-area is made up of a combination of varying size, scale, and types of buildings within the National Register of Historic Places’ Fort D. A.

Russell National Historic Landmark and Historic District. The eastern boundary follows the installation’s eastern edge to include land just north of the Main Gate on Randall Avenue and turns to follow North Fort Steele Way to a line just north and parallel of Fort Banner Way across the southern section of the Golf Course. At a point north of the Medical Clinic, the boundary turns southwest to the area near Fam Camp Road to a southern line along Crow Creek.

Design Intent Design Guidelines Facility Index Assets, Liabilities, and Recommendations Landscaping Design Matrix

Design Intent

The original design for Fort D. A. Russell was a direct outgrowth of the City Beautiful Movement of the late nineteenth century. The movement emphasized an urban design philosophy that embraced the beaux-arts principles of classical aesthetics and social order. Key elements were the conscious placement of facilities, landscaping, and circulation systems to create vistas and reinforce space and massing hierarchies.

These, in turn, helped separate and define the social strata of the base. The linear layout and large, distinctive neo-colonial buildings of the Historic/Landmark District create a formal impression upon entering the base. Groupings of buildings include:

• Barracks and administrative buildings along the south side of Randall Avenue

• Accompanied Housing

• Stables

• Community Facilities

Barracks and Administrative

The similarity of the administrative buildings’ details leads to a perception of continuity, although the buildings serve many different purposes and have unique variations. The administrative buildings are typically two to two and one-half story buildings. Building 34 is a complex “H” design, with the north leg having an “E” plan layout.

Buildings 213 and 215 are early (1885) one-story barracks that were originally built in a “U” shaped layout and were later filled in to create the existing rectangular layout. Some wood porch floors have been replaced with concrete.

The barracks and dorms are simple forms with detail limited primarily to the porches and cornices. The early barracks buildings (207, 212, 213, 214 and 216) are single-story structures with side gables and shed roofed porches. Two wings were added and then in-filled to create the rectangular plan. The early 1900 barracks along Randall Avenue are of different designs, which vary somewhat in massing, Historical Landmark Area Map

Building 262.

Building 34.

Attachment 10 plan, and detail. All are two to two and one-half stories facing north and in a “U” shaped plan configuration surrounding a rear courtyard. The symmetrical facades typically feature Tuscan-columned two-story porches with a slightly recessed or projected center mass, projecting end pavilions. These buildings have been modified for use as administrative facilities.

Built as the barracks for the medical complex, the 20th Air Force Headquarters, Building 65, is a two-story structure with hipped roof pavilions connected by a slightly recessed, side gabled center block and a single-story brick porch. A detailed cornice is located below the hipped roofs. Buildings 34 and 37 were also part of the original hospital complex.

While enhancing interior quality by providing light and ventilation, windows feature prominently in façade design. Flush segmental arches and jack arches typically span windows and doors. Window configurations vary depending on the year of original construction and subsequent renovation efforts. Many of the original windows have been replaced with 1/1-sash or 2/2-sash double hung thermal pane windows. Some of the buildings feature Palladian window arrangements at the attic level of the front gables. The older barracks feature 6/6-sash windows. During various renovation projects, some window locations were in-filled with brick. Most of the original doors have been replaced in these buildings.

Building 150.

Building 250.

Building…