dafi91-202.pdf

DAFI91-202_DAFGM2023-01

13 April 2023

MEMORANDUM FOR DISTRIBUTION C__

MAJCOMs/FLDCOMs/FOAs/DRUs

FROM: AF/SE

1400 Air Force Pentagon, Suite 5E1000 Washington, DC 20330-1400

SUBJECT: Department of the Air Force Guidance Memorandum to AFI 91-202, The US Air Force Mishap Prevention Program

By Order of the Secretary of the Air Force, this Department of the Air Force Guidance Memorandum immediately implements changes to AFI 91-202, US Air Force Mishap Prevention Program. Compliance with this memorandum is mandatory. To the extent its direction is inconsistent with other Department of the Air Force publications, the information herein prevails, in accordance with DAFI 90-160, Publications and Forms Management.

In advance of a rewrite of AFI 91-202, the Attachment to this Memorandum is updated to provide guidance changes that are effective immediately. This publication is applicable to the United States Space Force (USSF) and terminology should be interpreted to be inclusive of the USSF, as appropriate.

This memorandum becomes void after one-year has elapsed from the date of this memorandum, or upon incorporation of an Interim Change or rewrite of AFI 91-202, whichever is earlier.

JEANNIE M. LEAVITT

Major General, USAF Chief of Safety

Attachment:

Guidance Changes

DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE

HEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES AIR FORCE

WASHINGTON, DC

DAFI91-202_DAFGM2023-01, 13 April 2023

Attachment Guidance Changes

The below changes to AFI 91-202, dated 12 March 2020, are effective immediately.

1.6.13.13.5. Coordinating and processing annual and recurring safety awards in accordance with AFMAN 36-2806, Military Awards: Criteria and Procedures. Air Force Safety Award Guide functional community awards criteria can be located online at https://www.safety.af.mil/Home/Safety-Awards/. The eligibility criteria and submission procedures for Air Force level awards, functional community awards, and awards sponsored by other Federal agencies and non-Federal entities are provided online at https://access.afpc.af.mil/.

1.6.22.18. Accomplishes explosives siting requirements according to the Defense Explosives Safety Regulation (DESR) 6055.09_AFMAN 91-201, Explosives Safety Standards. Conducts review of base comprehensive plan map in conjunction with Civil Engineering (CE). (T-0)

1.6.25.3. Coordinates siting and construction plans with the installation safety office and ensure explosives site plans have been approved before beginning construction as required in DESR

6055.09_AFMAN 91-201. (T-0)

1.6.27.7. Ensure request for equipment, products and services using purchase orders and/or Government Purchase Card are reviewed for potential safety and health impact in accordance with AFI 64-117, Government Purchase Card Program, and AFMAN 32-7002, Environmental Compliance and Pollution Prevention. (T-2) Note: Ensure government purchase card program addresses requirement to coordinate purchase of hazardous chemicals, munitions and industry equipment through the installation safety office. (T-2)

1.6.27.14. Will ensure their safety office, if authorized one, accomplishes an APMR in accordance with this instruction. (T-1)

1.6.28.6. Ensure employees exposed or potentially exposed to hazardous chemicals or materials are trained on the hazards of those chemicals and materials per AFI 90-821, Hazard Communication (HAZCOM) Program, including information from the Safety Data Sheet for each chemical or material used. (T-0) BE and installation occupational safety office shall be consulted for selection of PPE. (T-1) In addition, ensure work center/shop is authorized to be used in accordance with AFMAN 32-7002. (T-0)

1.7.1. Waivers to safety explosive requirements will be processed in accordance with DESR

6055.09_AFMAN 91-201. (T-0)

2.1.1. Chief of Safety (COS). The Chief of Safety (or Director in a civilian-led unit or MAJCOM/Field Command (FLDCOM)/FOA/DRU) reports directly to the commander and manages the mishap prevention program for the commander (e.g., installation, wing, deltas, center, and NAF/MAJCOM/FLDCOM/FOA/DRU commanders). The COS must be qualified in a primary mission weapons system of the unit, if one exists, or if the COS is a civilian position, https://www.safety.af.mil/Home/Safety-Awards/ https://access.afpc.af.mil/ have a Safety Officer who is qualified in a primary mission weapon system. (T-1) Civilian COS must meet the qualification standards for Safety and Occupational Health professionals stated in the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) classification series (GS-0018 or GS-0803). (T-0) MAJCOM/FLDCOM/FOA/DRU Directors of Safety will have previous safety experience. (T-1) The AFRC equivalent to the above are Chiefs of Safety which are 2181-series (pilot)/2183-series (navigator) civilians.

2.1.2. Career Safety Professional. The Air Force/Space Force has an enlisted safety career field (Air Force Specialty Code (AFSC) 1S0X1) and a civilian safety career field (GS-0018, Safety and Occupational Health Manager or Specialist; GS-0019, Safety Technician; GS-0017, Weapons Safety Manager or Specialist; GS-1815, Air Safety Investigator; and GS-0803, Safety Engineer). These career safety personnel are assigned to positions authorized by the Unit Manning Document. The safety career field is addressed in AFMAN 36-2100, Military Utilization and Classification, and described in the Air Force Enlisted Classification Directory.

The civilian safety career program is described in DAFMAN 36-142, Civilian Career Field Management and Centrally-Managed Programs.

2.1.2.4. Ensure safety and health personnel are properly trained. 29 CFR § 1960.56, Training of Safety and Health Specialists, DoDI 6055.01, 29 CFR § 1960.7, Financial Management, and DAFI 36-2670, Total Force Development, discuss responsibilities for funding and ensuring safety and health personnel are trained to function effectively as safety and health advisors to commanders and management officials.

2.1.3. Occupational Safety Manager (OSM). The OSM manages the occupational safety program for the Director/Chief of Safety and the commander (e.g., installation, center, NAF/MAJCOM/FLDCOM/FOA/DRU commanders). (T-1) The OSM must be fully qualified to advise and execute decisions on safety matters for the primary mission of the unit. (T-1) The OSM should complete the Safety Manager Course (AFSEC Course WCIP05D) prior to assuming an OSM position. If this is not possible, they will complete the course within one year of assuming the OSM position. (T-1) Note: Previous courses such as the Senior Safety Professional’s Course or the Ground Safety Manager’s Course meet this requirement.

2.1.5.1. Individuals will complete the Aviation Safety Program Manager (ASPM) course, or AFSEC certified MAJCOM equivalent course, and attend the AMIC (WCIP05A) within 120 days of appointment. (T-1)

Table 3.1. Safety Evaluations, Assessments and Inspections.

Level Frequency Type By Note

MAJCOM/FLDCOM/DR

U/FOA

36 Months Safety Evaluation

AFSEC

NAF/Center/Wing/Delta 36 Months Safety Program Evaluation

MAJCOM/FLDC

OM/DRU/FOA

Squadron, Standalone Group, and DoD Schools

24/12 Months

Program Assessment &

Wing/Delta/Group

SE

2, 3

Safety Inspection

Wing, Delta, and below Monthly Spot Wing/Delta/Group / Squadron SE/Safety Representative/ Supervisor

Wing, Delta, and below Monthly High Interest Wing/Delta/Group

SE

Wing, Delta, and below Varies Special and Seasonal

Wing/Delta/Group

SE

Note 1: Conducted in accordance with this instruction, these Program Evaluations will be conducted for wing, delta, wing/delta-equivalent or higher with an assigned safety staff. (T-1) Exception: Air National Guard will complete this requirement not to exceed 48 month frequency. (T-1)

Note 2: Program Assessments are specified at a 24-month frequency, while safety inspections are at a 12-month frequency. Safety program assessments and inspections should be combined when conducted the same year to reduce the footprint within the affected organization.

Note 3: In accordance with DoD 1342.6-M, Administrative and Logistic Responsibilities for DoD Dependents Schools (August 1995), before the start of the school year, an inspection by qualified facility, physical security, safety, sanitation, bioenvironmental, and fire protection specialists to identify all facilities deficiencies and requirements and their relative priority for repair or maintenance. Additionally, in January, an inspection by qualified facility, physical security, safety, sanitation, bioenvironmental, and fire protection specialists to identify all facilities deficiencies and requirements and their relative priority for accomplishment. The second physical security inspection in January is not required for those schools located on military installations protected by positive entry control procedures.

3.2. Safety Evaluations. AFSEC will conduct safety evaluations of MAJCOMs/FLDCOMs/DRUs/FOAs with a Headquarters safety staff at 36 month intervals, not to exceed 48 months. (T-0) Waiver requests for deviation from the 48 month evaluation requirement from MAJCOMs/FLDCOMs/DRUs/FOAs will be processed through AFSEC, who, in turn, will process to SAF/IE to USD (P-R). These evaluations are conducted in accordance with DoDIs, AFIs, OSHA Standards and federal law. At the direction of the AF/SE, they will be rated with a two-tier (Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory) grading criteria. (T-1)

3.2.2. A written report will be prepared for each evaluation and sent to the commander and the safety staff of the MAJCOM/FLDCOM being evaluated. (T-1) This report will contain a statement to declare the mishap prevention program conformance and effectiveness under the systemic processes of the AFSMS was either Satisfactory or Unsatisfactory. (T-1)

3.4.4.1. Fall Protection. When performing safety inspections and assessments for fall protection, the following areas, as a minimum, will be looked at:

3.4.4.1.1. Equipment meets federal and Air Force standards. (T-1)

3.4.4.1.2. Personnel have the required fall protection equipment needed when working at height.

(T-1)

3.4.4.1.3. Job hazard analyses are developed and used. (T-1)

3.4.4.1.4. Rescue plans are developed for units with active fall protection equipment. (T-1)

3.4.4.1.5. Fall protection training is accomplished. (T-1)

3.4.4.1.6. Job-specific safety training is performed. (T-1)

3.7. Spot Inspections. Work center/shop supervisors, USRs and safety personnel will perform spot inspections to check the day-to-day safety and health of an organization, work center, facility, etc. (T-1) Work center/shop supervisors, USRs, squadron assigned flight safety officers and Additional Duty Weapons Safety Representatives will conduct and document monthly spot inspections. (T-2) See discipline specific chapters for additional operations and areas that need to be inspected or monitored.

3.13.3.2. The requirements documents will specify compliance with appropriate provisions of DESR 6055.09_AFMAN 91-201 and this instruction. (T-0)

4.3.4. For all hazard report submissions, regardless of methodology (e.g. AF Form 457, ASAP and telephonic), the Chief of Safety, in consultation with their safety staff, will determine the appropriate safety, fire or health discipline to investigate the reported hazard. (T-1) The assigned investigator will investigate the reported hazard within one (1) duty day for critical/imminent danger situations, and three (3) work days for potentially serious situations and 10 work days for lesser conditions. The investigator discusses the reported hazard with the member who submitted the report (if known), the responsible supervisor or manager and other parties involved to validate the hazard and determine the best interim control and corrective action. (T-1)

4.13. Installation Master Hazard Abatement Plan (MHAP). All RACs assigned 1, 2 and 3 will be entered into the MHAP, even if corrected the same day. (T-1) This ensures full accountability for hazards of this severity. Fire and Occupational Health offices will ensure all identified RAC 1, 2 and 3 hazards are communicated to the installation safety office for entry into the formal installation MHAP. (T-1) RACs can be applied to hazards that are not necessarily considered occupational hazards, but where the RAC is appropriate to ensure CE prioritizes the work to abate the hazard(s), i.e., military working dogs kennels that pose a hazard to the animals and AF owned playgrounds where liability to the AF is possible in the case of injury or death.

Commanders/Functional Managers will ensure AF Form 3s are initiated for any RAC 1, 2 or 3 hazard not abated within 30 days of identification. (T-1)

6.3.3.9.2. Deployed Weapons Safety Managers are responsible for initiating action for the explosives site planning of potential explosives sites at their base. Deployed Weapons Safety Managers will direct any problems involving explosives site planning to AFFOR/SEW. (T-1)

AFFOR/SEW will review all AOR explosives site plans and provide guidance/technical assistance to theater operating location Weapon Safety Managers. (T-1) Final approval must go through appropriate agencies as identified in DESR 6055.09_AFMAN 91-201. (T-0)

6.3.3.9.4. Radiation Hazard Zones. Ensure radiation hazard zones are established with the focus on personnel, electro-explosive devices and petroleum, oils and lubricants. Ensure interoperability with other systems deployed to the same location. (T-0) Refer to AFI 48-109, Electromagnetic Field Radiation (EMFR) Occupational and Environmental Health Program, AFI 48-139, Laser and Optical Radiation Protection Program, AFI 91-208, Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordnance (HERO) Certification and Management, and DESR 6055.09_AFMAN 91-201 for additional information.

7.3.3. Midair Collision Avoidance (MACA) Program. Units with flying programs must establish a written MACA program. (T-1) The unit safety office is responsible for its creation, documentation and upkeep. (T-2) The FSO/Flight Safety Manager works closely with the Operations Group-determined OPR and other interested parties such as the Airfield Operations Flight Commander, the airspace manager, local Fixed Base Operators, Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association, and the local Flight Standards District Officer, to establish a comprehensive MACA program. Use the resources and services of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Flight Standards District Office accident prevention specialists. Tailor the MACA program to meet local needs. As a minimum, the FSO/Flight Safety Manager will coordinate with appropriate agencies to accomplish these key objectives:

7.5.2. Maintenance units receive critical safety alerts, timely briefings on maintenance-related mishaps, and trends relevant to the unit’s mission/MDS. (T-2)

8.3.6. Review and recommend for approval, as appropriate, the use of new hazardous materials in accordance with AFMAN 32-7002. (T-1) Coordinate on updates of the installation’s hazardous materials Authorized User List when requested by the installation Environmental Management office under the installation Hazardous Materials Management Program. (T-1)

8.3.10. Work with contracting officials and unit purchasing personnel to ensure requests for equipment products and services using purchase orders and/or Government Purchase Card are reviewed for potential safety and health impact in accordance with DAFI 64-117, Government Purchase Card Program, AFMAN 32-7002 and Chapter 12, Contract Safety. (T-1)

9.2.4. Based on mission needs, Weapons Safety personnel are highly encouraged to attend the following courses: Mishap Investigation Non-Aviation (MINA), Introduction to Mishap Investigation, AMMO-47 Lightning Protection for Air Force Facilities, Explosives Safety Siting (ESS) Training and AMMO-65 DoD Contractor’s Explosives Safety Standards.

9.4.7.12. Installation support (Continental United States only) for Department of Energy (DoE) shipments (SAFE HAVEN). (T-2) Refer to DESR 6055.09_AFMAN 91-201 for additional guidance.

9.4.8. Annually review installation explosives location map and provide changes and corrections to CE. (T-2) Review must be documented and maintained by the safety office. (T-2) CE published maps should be coordinated with logistics, operations and safety. The reviews can be documented on separate logs and will include but not be limited to the following applicable areas:

9.4.8.1. Explosives safety “clear zones” required around each location based on approved site plans. (T-2)

9.4.8.2. Primary and alternate explosives movement routes through the installation. (T-2)

9.4.8.3. Authorized flight line locations for conducting explosives operations to include concurrent servicing operations activities, explosives aircraft cargo on or off loading, and combat aircraft explosives loading. (T-2)

9.4.8.4. Locations for handling hung ordnance and gun-clearing operations. (T-2)

9.4.8.5. Arm and de-arm areas. (T-2)

9.4.8.6. Explosives support workplaces, such as flightline munitions holding areas. (T-2)

9.4.8.7. Base explosives prohibited zones (see DESR 6055.09_AFMAN 91-201 and UFC 3-260- 01). (T-0) Note: At OCONUS locations, consideration must be given to Status of Forces Agreements, Host Nation Funded Construction Agreements and Bilateral Infrastructure Agreements. (T-0)

9.4.8.8. Vehicle inspection points and suspect vehicle areas. (T-2)

9.4.8.9. Parking spots for aircraft loaded with munitions or explosives identified in DESR

6055.09_AFMAN 91-201. (T-2)

9.4.8.10. DEW operations, including potential electromagnetic radiation hazard zones, and maintenance location hazard zones that could affect munitions operations. (T-2) After 100 percent evaluation, plot only those zones that actually impact munitions operations to include primary and alternate explosive routes. (T-2) Identify hazardous DEW effects to potential explosive sites, including ordnance and fuel. (T-2) The review must be documented and maintained by Weapons Safety. (T-2) The reviews can be documented on separate logs.

9.4.8.11. Explosives Ordnance Disposal range(s). (T-2)

9.4.8.12. Base weapons range(s). (T-2)

9.4.8.13. Restrictive easement(s). (T-2)

9.5.1. With the assistance of the installation CE and Safety offices, submit explosives site plans in accordance with DESR 6055.09_AFMAN 91-201. (T-0) The installation safety office is the OPR for all explosives site plans and will maintain a current installation ESS dataset. (T-2)

9.5.2. Request a license for facilities that store small quantities of explosives according to DESR

6055.09_AFMAN 91-201. (T-0)

9.8.3. In coordination with base/wing safety personnel, operational units will evaluate and document unit radio frequency weapons, laser weapons and other directed energy systems for operational compatibility with ordnance, electronics and fuel storage likely to be in the operating and maintenance environment of the directed energy system in accordance with DoDI 3222.03, DoD Electromagnetic Environmental Effects (E3) Program, DESR 6055.09_AFMAN 91-201, and this instruction. (T-0)

9.11.3. Weapons safety, Additional Duty Weapons Safety Representative or designated representative conducts explosives safety training, which augments the job training provided by the supervisor. (T-2) The installation weapons safety staff evaluates and monitors this training, approves lesson plans and reviews them annually. (T-2) All personnel (supervisory and non-supervisory) who operate, handle, transport, maintain, load, activate or dispose of missiles, explosives or nuclear weapons must receive initial explosives safety training before performing any of these tasks. (T-2) All personnel tasked to work on aircraft configured with explosives or ordnance will receive training that includes how to identify an armed aircraft and a familiarization of the hazards involved when working on or around explosives loaded aircraft.

(T-2) Ensure initial explosives safety training is provided before performing any of these tasks.

(T-2) Recurring training must be provided not later than the end of the 15th month following initial training. (T-2) Exception: Personnel who store and/or handle only the following are exempt from initial and refresher explosives safety training.

9.11.3.1. Small arms ammunition, including cartridge-actuated tools in quantity-distance hazard class/division 1.4. This exception also includes the use of cartridge-actuated tools, small arms ammunition, blanks and paint ball rounds for training and weapons qualification.

10.1. Program Management.

10.1.1. This chapter contains requirements for space safety offices at all command levels. Units conducting space-related missions must have a comprehensive Space Safety Program designed to improve operational effectiveness by identifying, managing and mitigating hazards, reducing mishaps, supporting mission assurance, and incorporating mishap prevention guidance across the life cycle of space systems and their unique support equipment. (T-1)

10.1.2. Applicability. All United States Space Force and Air Force organizations that develop, test, or operate any space system, or who provide launch/range services for space systems shall comply with this instruction. (T-1) This includes space systems under development, research and development systems, experimental systems, systems undergoing testing, operational systems, systems at end-of-life, software safety, system safety, integration, pre-launch, launch operations, range operations, space nuclear systems, orbital operations, reentry operations, and ground-based space systems. This chapter is applicable to the entire segment of the Space mission (e.g., systems architecting and design, manufacturing, launching, and operations through disposal) under Department of Air Force (DAF) control. Organizations designing and operating DAF/Space Force hosted payloads on non-DAF/Space Force satellite vehicles shall comply with this chapter for portions within their control. (T-3)

10.8.3.3.2. Total object-time of debris in Low Earth Orbit. For missions leaving debris in orbits passing through Low Earth Orbit, the total object-time of debris larger than five millimeters (5mm) in any dimension shall not exceed 25 years per object and 100 object-years per mission.

(T-0) The object-time of debris is calculated as the sum of time spent in Low Earth Orbit for all mission debris objects (below 2000 km altitude). Refer to NASA-STD-8719.14C, Process for Limiting Orbital Debris, for calculation of total object time. (T-3)

10.8.3.4.1. The program office PM for each spacecraft or launch vehicle shall demonstrate via failure mode and effects analyses (or equivalent) that the integrated probability of explosion for all failure modes (excluding collisions) is less than 1 x 10-3 (one in one thousand). (T-0)

10.8.3.6.1.1. Program office PMs shall demonstrate that, during the orbital lifetime of each spacecraft or launch vehicle component, the probability of accidental collision with space objects larger than 10 cm in diameter does not exceed 1 x 10-3 (one in one thousand). (T-0) For the assessment of collision probability, the orbital lifetime is defined as the time from end of launch collision avoidance to atmospheric reentry. The maximum time-period for assessment is 100 years.

10.8.3.6.2. Collisions with Small Objects. Program office PMs shall demonstrate that, during the mission of the space system, the probability of accidental collision with objects (including space debris and meteoroids) sufficient to prevent post-mission disposal is less than 1 x 10-2 (one in one hundred). (T-0) Refer to NASA-STD-8719.14C for additional guidance.

10.8.5.4.1. The probability of successful disposal shall be no less than 0.90 at end of life for reentry within 25 years, orbital storage disposal, or for direct retrieval. (T-0)

11.2.2.1. Middle-Tiered-Acquisition (MTA) Risk Acceptance Authorities. The Decision Authority is the acceptance authority for High system safety risks, and the PM is the acceptance authority for Serious, Medium, and Low system safety risks.

11.3.1. For hazards determined to have a High or Serious level of System Safety risk, programs shall prepare a System Safety Risk Assessment in accordance with paragraph 13.9. (T-1)

11.3.3. System safety risk acceptance packages are only necessary for those risks that are inside the design/specification/requirement envelope. Those outside the envelope are handled by the user's/operator's risk management process.

11.3.4.1. CAE-PEO (TEO)-PM Structured Programs. High System Safety risk assessments shall be coordinated with lead Acquisition MAJCOM, FLDCOM, Center/SE, or Air Force Life Cycle Management Center Engineering Office (AFLCMC/EN), as applicable, the lead MAJCOM/CC or CD, PEO and AF/SE before submission for acceptance by the CAE. (T-1)

11.3.5.1. CAE-PEO(TEO)-PM structured programs: Serious System Safety risk assessments shall be coordinated with lead Acquisition MAJCOM, FLDCOM, Center/SE (for non-space programs), AFLCMC/EN (for airworthiness), the lead MAJCOM/FLDCOM/A3/A4/SE and HQ AFSEC before submission for acceptance by the PEO. (T-1)

11.4.2.5. Safety investigation recommendations affecting the system. A discussion of mishaps that have occurred since the last meeting. (T-1)

11.4.2.8. Unmitigated hazards. (T-1) Those hazards with either no mitigation plan or hazards where there is a planned mitigation that has not been completely implemented.

11.7.4. An SRA is the summary document for a package of materials that provides supporting details for the assessment and a decision. Do not rely upon information presented to the decision-maker separately. The SRA combined with supporting documents forms an SRA package that must sufficiently document all aspects pertinent to the decision regarding the mission or activity, involved systems, identified hazard(s), risk calculations, data sources and the mitigation options considered. (T-2)

13.1.4.4. Act. Request corrective actions on significant differences between actual and planned results. Analyze the differences to determine their root causes. Determine where to apply changes that will include improvement of the process or product. (T-1) At the conclusion of the reviews in this part of the cycle, there should be evidence of the future direction of the mishap prevention program and any needed changes to the policy, priorities, objectives, resources or other program elements.

13.1.5. Deleted.

13.3.5.3.2. Be used to contest violations and/or seek lesser classification, i.e., Serious to Other- Than-Serious. (T-1) Note: Installations may only pursue an appeal to an OSHA Notice with concurrence of their MAJCOM/FLDCOM safety office and AFSEC/SEG. (T-1)

Table 13.1. Safety and Fire Hazard Risk Assessment Code Matrix.

Figure 13.4. Sample Risk Assessment Layout and Guidance.

Risk Assessment Title

1. Background: Broadly describe the situation being evaluated. Provide sufficient detail so the remainder of the risk assessment may be easily understood.

2. Hazard Identification: Accurately and succinctly describe the hazard (e.g., deficiency with engineering design, material, quality, software, operations, maintenance) being analyzed.

3. Initial Risk: Using quantitative (preferred) and qualitative (alternate) means, identify the probability and severity of a mishap that could result from the hazard, based upon the exposure of personnel or assets to the identified hazard. Use the baseline or “as designed” state as the basis for determining the initial risk. Fully explain the methodology used, data considered (e.g., reported mishaps/events, deficiency reports, test results, etc.) and rationale for determining initial risk.

4. Interim Risk: Many times initial mitigation steps have already been taken prior to the completion of a written risk assessment. These steps may include permanent risk mitigation measures or temporary stop-gap risk mitigation measures. Describe these measures and explain how the initial risk is being mitigated, their effectiveness and the resulting interim risk until final risk mitigating options can be implemented.

5. Risk Mitigation Options: It is likely several options still exist to mitigate the risk of the identified hazard. Effective control measures reduce or eliminate one of the three components (i.e., probability, severity or exposure) of risk. Investigate specific strategies and tools that reduce, mitigate or eliminate risk. Address each risk mitigation option separately. One option to always consider is “taking no further action” which is the equivalent of accepting the initial risk and acknowledging and accepting projected future losses.

6. For each option, including accepting the initial risk, address:

Description: Describe the option being evaluated.

Impact: Describe the impact of this option. What are its benefits; limitations?

Address its effectiveness and explain how it will eliminate or control future losses. Does it address other hazards/problems or introduce new ones?

Cost: Estimate the costs (i.e., financial, operational, maintenance) to implement this option.

Schedule: Estimated timeline needed to implement this option.

Target Risk: Great risk mitigation options eliminate hazards and their risk entirely; others only reduce the risk. Assuming this risk mitigation option is implemented; identify the probability and severity of a mishap that could result from the hazard based upon the exposure of personnel or assets to the identified hazard. Fully explain the methodology used (including analytical assumptions and limitations), data considered, and rationale for determining the target risk.

Projected Losses: Estimate the projected losses with implementation of this option. Projected losses quantifies the probability of occurrence for a given exposure. Express losses over a period of time, a number of events, number of flight hours, for a given population, etc. as appropriate. Fully explain the methodology used, data considered and rationale for determining these projected losses. Note: If qualitative means were used to determine the probability levels, a qualitative description of projected future losses may also be used. The projected future losses should not simply state the MIL-STD-882, or other applicable standard, qualitative probability levels. Instead, include the proposed exposure and effect of mitigations as appropriate (i.e. operating restrictions, remaining life of asset, limited period of test, etc.) to describe and substantiate the projected future losses.

7. Summary of Options: If the number of risk mitigation options is lengthy, a tabular summary may be appropriate. Include, as necessary.

8. Recommendation: State the recommended courses of action, including rationale.

9. Endorsements: Document the program office’s preparation and review of the risk assessment by providing dates, signature blocks and signatures for the risk assessment’s author, the System Safety Manager, the Chief Engineer, and the Program Manager.

14.1.2. Mandatory Items. The Job Safety Training Outline will be developed and used by supervisors to instruct all employees on work place specific hazards upon initial assignment and when work conditions or tasks change. (T-1) The items below are mandatory, minimum topics the supervisor must ensure their employees receive training on prior to performing tasks in the work center. Topics addressed by other sources can be directly referenced in the JSTO to prevent redundancy and still adequately cover the required topics. Document training as specified in paragraph 1.6.28.7.1. Deployed and installation commanders may dictate more stringent requirements.

Table 14.5. Aviation.

Course Name AFCAT Number Owning Organization

Security Assistance Training Program WCIP05U AFSEC Safety Office Course (IFSO)

Air Combat Command (ACC) Flight Safety Program Management Course

3J5ACC1XXXX 000 ACC

DCMA Aviation Safety Officer Course, ASO DCMA Air Reserve Component Chief of Safety Course

ARCCOS

Aviation Safety Program Manager’s Course

14.4.1.3. Establish and document an observation period for all applicants under consideration for retraining. The applicant must complete an assessment period of no less than three (3) duty days, but no more than seven (7) duty days with the local Occupational Safety office before the Evaluating Agent can make a recommendation. (T-1)

14.5.3.2. Safety staffs will use training rosters to update completion of SST in the Military Personnel Data System in accordance with PSDM 20-03, MilPDS Access Control Policy, Table

1. (T-1)

BY ORDER OF THE

SECRETARY OF THE AIR FORCE

AIR FORCE INSTRUCTION 91-202

12 MARCH 2020

Corrective Action applied on, 30 October 2020 Safety

THE US AIR FORCE MISHAP

PREVENTION PROGRAM

COMPLIANCE WITH THIS PUBLICATION IS MANDATORY

ACCESSIBILITY: Publications and forms are available for on the e-Publishing website at www.e-Publishing.af.mil downloading or ordering.

RELEASABILITY: There are no releasability restrictions on this publication.

OPR: AFSEC/SEG

Supersedes: AFI 91-202, 24 June 2015;

AFI 91-217, 11 April 2014

Certified by: AFSEC/CV

(Colonel William Culver)

Pages: 203

This instruction implements Air Force Policy Directive (AFPD) 91-2, Safety Programs, relevant safety portions of Department of Defense Directive (DoDD) 3100.10, Space Policy, DoD

Instruction (DoDI) 3100.12, Space Support, DoDI 3200.18, Management and Operation of the

Major Range and Test Facility Base, and the Memorandum of Agreement between the Department of the Air Force and the Federal Aviation Administration on Safety for Space Transportation and

Range Activities. This instruction implements North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Standardization Agreements (STANAGs) 3101, Exchange of Flight Safety Information, and 3102, Flight Safety Cooperation in Common Ground/Air Space. It establishes mishap prevention program requirements, assigns responsibilities for program elements and contains program management information. It applies to all Regular Air Force, Air Force Reserve and Air National

Guard (ANG) military and civilian personnel. For the purposes of this instruction, ANG and Air

Force Reserve Command (AFRC) are included in all references to Major Commands

(MAJCOMs). At joint bases, Air Force units will follow the requirements in this instruction, along with guidance contained within inter-service and/or inter-agency agreements. At enduring and contingency locations outside the United States, follow the requirements in this instruction so long as they do not conflict with applicable requirements from any of the following: host nation requirements made applicable by international agreement, Overseas Environmental Baseline

Guidance Document standards, country-specific Final Governing Standards, Geographic

Combatant Command policy, environmental annex to operational order, operational plan

(OPLAN) or other operational directive. This publication may be supplemented at any level, but all direct Supplements must be routed to the OPR of this publication for coordination prior to http://www.e-publishing.af.mil/

2 AFI91-202 12 MARCH 2020

certification and approval. Send major command, field operating agency and direct reporting unit

(MAJCOM/FOA/DRU) supplements to Air Force Safety Center (AFSEC)/SE Org Box, 9700 G

Avenue, Kirtland AFB NM 87117-5670, for coordination and approval before publication. Refer recommended changes and questions about this publication to the Office of Primary Responsibility

(OPR) using the AF Form 847, Recommendation for Change of Publication; route AF Forms 847 from the field through the appropriate functional’s chain of command. All requests for changes, interpretations or clarifications concerning this publication must be forwarded through the

MAJCOM/FOA/DRU safety organization, who, in turn, as applicable, will forward to AFSEC.

The authorities to waive wing/unitlevel requirements in this publication are identified with a Tier

(“T-0, T-1, T-2, T-3) number following the compliance statement. See AFI 33-360, Publications and Forms Management, for a description of the authorities associated with Tier numbers. Submit requests for waivers through the chain of command to the appropriate Tier waiver approval authority, or alternately, to the requestor’s commander for non-tiered compliance items. Submit waiver requests for Secretary of the Air Force, Inspector General (SAF/IG) consideration through

SAF/IGI. To meet the intent of AFI 33-360, e-mail finalized waivers (AF Form 679, Air Force

Publication Compliance Item Waiver Request/Approval) to SAF/IGI (usaf.pentagon.saf-ig.mbx.saf-igi-workflow@mail.mil). Ensure that all records created as a result of processes prescribed in this publication are maintained in accordance with (IAW) Air Force Manual

(AFMAN) 33-363, Management of Records, and disposed of IAW Air Force Records Disposition

Schedule and disposed of IAW Air Force Records Information Management System. The use of the name or mark of any specific manufacturer, commercial product, commodity, and/or service in this publication does not imply endorsement by the Air Force. This Instruction requires the collection and/or maintenance of information protected by the Privacy Act of 1974 authorized by

Title 29 United States Code (USC), Section 668, Program of Federal Agencies; Executive Order

12196, Occupational Safety and Health Programs for Federal Employees; Part 1960, Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Basic Program Elements for Federal Employee Occupational

Safety and Health Programs and Related Matters; Title 5 USC § 7902, Safety Program, and DoD

Directive (DoDD) 5134.01, Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics

(USD(AT&L)). All records created, collected and stored under the guidance of this instruction are subject to the provisions of the Freedom of Information Act, as authorized by Title 5 USC § 552, Public Information; Agency Rules, Opinions, Orders, Records, and Proceedings, and IAW DoDM

5400.07_AFMAN 33-302, Freedom of Information Act Program. The System of Records Notice

F036 AF PC Q, Personnel Data System (PDS); F024 AF IL C Motor Vehicle Operator’s Records, and F032 AF ILE, Enterprise Environmental, Safety and Occupational Health-Management

Information System (EESOH-MIS) are available at:

https://dpcld.defense.gov/privacy/SORNS.aspx.

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

This document is substantially revised and must be completely reviewed. This revision clarifies requirements of the mishap prevention program as framed within the Air Force Safety

Management System. Chapter 12, Hazard Abatement, was consolidated with Chapter 4, Hazard

Identification and Reporting, and renamed Chapter 4, Hazard Identification, Reporting and

Abatement. Chapter 12, Contract Safety, was added to give Air Force safety professionals more insight on the contract safety process. Chapter 10, Space Safety, incorporates substantial changes.

Chapter 1, Program Overview, Chapter 2, Safety Organization, and Chapter 11, System Safety mailto:usaf.pentagon.saf-ig.mbx.saf-igi-workflow@mail.mil mailto:usaf.pentagon.saf-ig.mbx.saf-igi-workflow@mail.mil https://dpcld.defense.gov/privacy/SORNS.aspx

AFI91-202 12 MARCH 2020 3

and Safety Risk Assessments, have changes regarding space safety and/or space systems. Program management questions have been added at the end of each chapter to assist managers and supervisors in managing their programs. Attachments have been incorporated in the body of the instruction and now reside in Chapter 13, Supporting Guidance, Chapter 14, Safety Training, and Chapter 15, Miscellaneous Safety Information.

Chapter 1—PROGRAM OVERVIEW AND RESPONSIBILITIES 10

1.1. Purpose

1.2. Vision

1.3. The Air Force Mishap Prevention Program

1.4. Mishap Prevention Program Disciplines (Aviation, Occupational, Weapons, Space, etc.)

1.5. Air Force Occupational Safety and Health (AFOSH) Guidance and Applying

Standards

1.6. Roles and Responsibilities

1.7. Waivers

1.8. Military-Unique and Nonmilitary-Unique Policy

Chapter 2—SAFETY ORGANIZATION 50

2.1. Safety Staff

2.2. Unit Safety Representative (USR)

2.3. Safety Education/Training

2.4. Safety Office Vehicles and Equipment

2.5. Safety Library

2.6. Environment, Safety and Occupational Health Councils (ESOHC)

2.7. Non-USAF Councils and Committees

2.8. Major Range and Test Facility Base (MRTFB) Safety Programs

Chapter 3—SAFETY ASSURANCE 59

3.1. General

Table 3.1. Safety Evaluations, Assessments and Inspections

3.2. Safety Evaluations

3.3. Safety Program Evaluation (SPE)

4 AFI91-202 12 MARCH 2020

3.4. Safety Program Assessments

3.5. Annual Program Management Review (APMR)

3.6. Annual Safety Inspections

3.7. Spot Inspections

3.8. High Interest Areas

3.9. Administrative Areas

3.10. Special and Seasonal Inspections

3.11. Staff Assistance Visits (SAV)

3.12. Federal/State Inspections and Investigations

3.13. Contract Performance Assessment

Chapter 4—HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, REPORTING AND ABATEMENT 68

4.1. Hazard Identification

4.2. Reporting Criteria

4.3. Hazard Reporting System

4.4. Additional Reporting Procedures

4.5. Air Force Form 457, Airmen Appeal Procedures

4.6. Risk Reduction and Mitigation

4.7. Preparation of Risk Assessments

4.8. Hazard Abatement

4.9. Hazard Control Hierarchy

4.10. Hazard Abatement Requirements

4.11. Critical/Imminent Danger Situations

4.12. Posting Notification of Hazards

4.13. Installation Master Hazard Abatement Plan (MHAP)

4.14. Funding for Hazard Abatement

4.15. End of Year Annual Master Hazard Abatement Survey and Facility/Workplace

Inspection Report

Chapter 5—INFORMATION AND DATA ANALYSIS 76

5.1. Information Protection

AFI91-202 12 MARCH 2020 5

5.2. Recurring Publications

5.3. Methods of Information Distribution

5.4. Mishap Analysis Program

5.5. Mishap Prevention Analysis Methods

5.6. Use of Analyzed Data

5.7. Air Force Combined Mishap Reduction System

5.8. Organizational Safety Assessment (OSA)

5.9. Military Flight Operations Quality Assurance (MFOQA)

5.10. Airman Safety Action Program (ASAP)

5.11. Line Operations Safety Audit

5.12. Standard Mishap Metrics

5.13. Calculating Federal Employee Compensation Metric (Rate)

5.14. AFSAS Analysis and Query Tools

Chapter 6—DEPLOYMENT AND CONTINGENCY SAFETY 83

6.1. Deployment and Contingency Safety Program

6.2. Air Force Forces Chief of Safety (AFFOR/SE)

6.3. AFFOR Deployed Unit Safety Functions and Organizations

6.4. Mishap Prevention Program

6.5. Monthly, Quarterly and Annual Safety Awards

6.6. AFFOR/SE Visits

Chapter 7—AVIATION SAFETY 89

7.1. Program Management

7.2. Plans

7.3. Programs

7.4. Aero Club Operations

7.5. Training Meetings and Briefings

7.6. Inspections/Assessments and Monitoring

7.7. Airfield Maintenance, Construction and Waivers (Installation)

6 AFI91-202 12 MARCH 2020

Chapter 8—OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY 96

8.1. Program Management

8.2. Assurance Requirements

8.3. Installation Occupational Safety Staff Responsibilities

8.4. Tenant Unit and Geographically Separated Unit Responsibilities

8.5. Unit Safety Representative (USR) Responsibilities

8.6. Hazard Identification and Abatement

8.7. Federal/State Inspections of DoD Working Conditions and Mishap

Investigations

8.8. DoL Occupational Safety and Health Administration Annual Visit Summary

8.9. Occupational Safety Corporate Committee

Chapter 9—WEAPONS SAFETY 101

9.1. Program Management

9.2. Weapons Safety Personnel Management and Manning Plan

9.3. Explosives Safety Standards

9.4. Weapons Safety Personnel

9.5. Weapons Safety Program Requirements

9.6. Missile Safety

9.7. Nuclear Surety

9.8. Unit Directed Energy Safety Program Functions

9.9. Munitions Rapid Response Team

9.10. Department of Defense Explosives Safety Board (DDESB)

9.11. Weapons, Explosives and DEW Training

9.12. Weapons Safety Committees

Chapter 10—SPACE SAFETY 107

10.1. Program Management

10.2. Space Safety Responsibilities

10.3. Space Safety Council (SSC)

10.4. Space Nuclear Safety

AFI91-202 12 MARCH 2020 7

10.5. Ground Based Space System Safety

10.6. Pre-Launch

10.7. Launch Safety

10.8. Orbital Safety

Chapter 11—SYSTEM SAFETY & SAFETY RISK ASSESSMENTS 121

11.1. Overview

11.2. System Safety Applied to Acquisition Activities

11.3. System Safety Risk Acceptance Process

11.4. System Safety Groups (SSG)

11.5. Non-Developmental Items

11.6. System Safety Engineering Analysis (SSEA)

11.7. Application of a Safety Risk Assessment (SRA)

11.8. Safety Risk Assessment Purpose and Risk Decision Authority Empowerment

11.9. Core Safety Risk Assessment Principles

11.10. Safety Office SRA Reviews

Chapter 12—CONTRACT SAFETY 132

12.1. Contract Safety Program

12.2. Contract Types

Table 12.1. Contract Considerations

12.3. Contractor Compliance

12.4. Safety Office

Chapter 13—SUPPORTING GUIDANCE 135

13.1. Air Force Safety Management System (AFSMS)

Figure 13.1. AFSMS Pillars

Figure 13.2. AFSMS Framework

Figure 13.3. The Air Force 5-Step RM Process

13.2. Annual Program Management Review (APMR)

13.3. Federal/State Inspections of DoD Working Conditions and Mishap

Investigations

8 AFI91-202 12 MARCH 2020

13.4. USAF Aviation Safety Equipment Database Reporting

13.5. Mishap Response

13.6. Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)

13.7. Risk Assessment Codes (RAC)

Table 13.1. Safety and Ergonomic Hazard Risk Assessment Code Matrix

13.8. Abatement Priority Number (APN)

Table 13.2. Severity and Probability Multiplier Matrix

Table 13.3. Abatement Priority Number Index

13.9. Preparation of Safety Risk Assessments

Figure 13.4. Sample Risk Assessment Layout and Guidance

13.10. Safety Release

Figure 13.5. Safety Release Letter (Example)

13.11. Launch Vehicle Space Debris Assessment Report (SDAR)

Table 13.4. SDAR Format

13.12. Combined Space Vehicle Space Debris Assessment Report/End-of-Life Plan

(SDAR/EOLP)

Table 13.5. Contents of SDAR/EOLP

Chapter 14—SAFETY TRAINING 162

14.1. Job Safety Training Outline

14.2. Continuing Education and Training Courses

Table 14.1. Continuing Career Safety Professional Development (Recommended Safety

Courses)

Table 14.2. Continuing Career Safety Professional Development (AFSEC Courses Awarding

Continuing Education Units)

14.3. Safety Education and Training

Table 14.3. Mishap Investigation

Table 14.4. Unit Safety Representative (USR)

Table 14.5. Aviation

Table 14.6. Occupational

Table 14.7. Weapons

AFI91-202 12 MARCH 2020 9

Table 14.8. Space

Table 14.9. System Safety

Table 14.10. Management

Table 14.11. Risk Management (RM)

Table 14.12. Other

14.4. 1S0X1 Retrainee Evaluation Process

Figure 14.1. 1S0 Safety Retraining Memorandum (Example)

14.5. Supervisor Safety Training

Chapter 15—MISCELLANEOUS SAFETY INFORMATION 173

15.1. Instructions for Completing AF Form 1118, Notice of Hazard

15.2. Instructions for Completing AF Form 3, Hazard Abatement Plan

15.3. Pre-Departure Travel Safety (Examples Only)

15.4. Air Force Off-Duty High-Risk Activities Program

Attachment 1—GLOSSARY OF REFERENCES AND SUPPORTING INFORMATION 179

10 AFI91-202 12 MARCH 2020

Chapter 1

PROGRAM OVERVIEW AND RESPONSIBILITIES

1.1. Purpose. The purpose of the Air Force Mishap Prevention Program is to minimize the loss of Air Force resources and protect Air Force personnel from death, injuries or occupational illnesses by managing risks on and off-duty. This program is aligned with and framed using the

Air Force Safety Management System as the core structure and applies to all Air Force organizations and personnel. The Air Force Safety Management System is a systematic approach to managing safety and includes the necessary organizational structures, accountabilities, policies, and procedures. The overarching mishap prevention program is system compliant with the tenants of the American National Standards Institute Z-10 and the Federal Aviation Administration, Aviation Safety Management Program, which were used as the foundational sources of the Air

Force Mishap Prevention Program. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s (OSHA)

Voluntary Protection Program is recognized as a form of a Safety Management System, and is closely aligned with the Air Force Safety Management System. Units employing the Voluntary

Protection Program will follow the USAF mishap prevention program guidance contained within this instruction. (T-1)

1.2. Vision. AFSEC’s vision is to be a world leader in safety management and provide care for our Airmen, resources and our environment to meet our air, space and cyberspace missions.

Accordingly, the Air Force is committed to the following three priorities:

1.2.1. Compliance. Comply with all safety and regulatory guidelines.

1.2.2. Risk Reduction. Protect our assets, personnel and material by effectively identifying and managing risks.

1.2.3. Continuous Improvement. Instill a culture that encourages and supports continuous improvement.

1.3. The Air Force Mishap Prevention Program. This instruction is the foundational guidance document for the implementation of the Air Force Mishap Prevention Program. Commanders at all levels will adhere to these requirements unless proper waivers, deviations or exemptions are approved as defined within this instruction. (T-1) Refer to paragraph 13.1, Air Force Safety

Management System, for additional guidance.

1.4. Mishap Prevention Program Disciplines (Aviation, Occupational, Weapons, Space, etc.). Each mishap prevention program discipline will direct more specific functional management responsibilities and risk management (RM) processes via AFIs, standards and manuals, as determined applicable at the various program discipline levels. (T-1) Air Force installation and tenant safety offices will implement these programs IAW this instruction. (T-1)

Any inter-organization and inter-service agreements will be addressed in formal support documents. (T-1) Regardless of any support agreement or executive agency guidelines, requirements of this instruction must be satisfied. (T-1) The mishap prevention program will address:

1.4.1. Methods to target groups at increased risk for mishaps, injury or illness as directed by the commander or as indicated through hazard identification processes. (T-1)

AFI91-202 12 MARCH 2020 11

1.4.2. Processes for tracking and trending hazards and incidents, as well as methods for determining program effectiveness. (T-1)

1.4.3. Funding for safety programs. (T-1)

1.4.4. Metrics for measuring effectiveness (See examples in Chapter 5, Information and Data

Analysis). (T-1)

1.4.5. Safety goals, objectives and milestones that support Air Force established goals. (T-1)

1.4.6. Methods to identify and disseminate safety “best practices,” “benchmarks,” etc.