2-11-4-25-LIBRARY-01 LEAD-XRF - FIREHOUSE-MAIN STREET KENT CT.pdf

140 Captain Thomas Blvd • Suite 201 • West Haven • CT 06516

(203) 623-3086 | Fax: (203) 553-9069 | vidyatrivedi2002@yahoo.com

November 04, 2025

Ms. Sarah Marshall, Director Kent Memorial Library 32 North Main Street Danbury, CT 06810

Reference: Limited & directed lead paint XRF screening of firehouse located at 30 North Main Street, Kent, CT

Dear Ms. Marshall, This letter is in reference to the recent lead screening conducted in the Firehouse at the above-mentioned facility. The purpose of this assessment was twofold: (1) to determine the concentration of lead on painted surfaces within the Firehouse, and (2) to evaluate construction-related waste materials in accordance with the regulations established by the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection

(DEEP).

On October 27, 2025, a representative from Reliance Environmental performed the lead screening using a RMD LPA-1 X-ray fluorescence (XRF) lead paint analyzer (Serial No. 3128). The inspection focused specifically on the kitchen area of the property.

Please refer to the table below for the detailed XRF lead readings obtained during the assessment.

Address: 30 North Main Street, Kent, CT Date: October 27, 2025

Abbreviations Used:

A Side: Front Side of the Building B, C & D Sides are right, rear & left side of the building respectively in the clockwise direction E Side Means Ceiling F Side Means Floor

Note: Please see the attached drawing for side reference.

Calibration at the beginning of Lead Screening = 0.9 mg/cm2 Calibration at the beginning of Lead Screening = 1.2 mg/cm2 Calibration at the beginning of Lead Screening = 1.0 mg/cm2

Calibration at the end of Lead Screening = 1.3 mg/cm2 Calibration at the end of Lead Screening = 0.9 mg/cm2 Calibration at the end of Lead Screening = 1.1 mg/cm2

Sample ID # Room Type Side Component Condition Results (mg/cm2) Comments

1 Firehouse – First Floor (Book Shelves Area) A - D Walls Intact -0.4 to -0.2 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

2 Firehouse – First Floor (Book Shelves Area) E Ceiling Intact -0.2 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

3 Firehouse – First Floor (Book Shelves Area) B & C Window Systems Intact -0.3 to -0.2 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

4 Firehouse – First Floor (Book Shelves Area) B & D Door Systems Intact -0.4 to -0.2 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

5 Firehouse – First Floor (Book Shelves Area) A - D Book Shelves Intact -0.2 to -0.1 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

6 Firehouse – First Floor (Bathroom) A - D Walls Intact -0.3 to -0.1 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

7 Firehouse – First Floor (Bathroom) E Ceiling Intact -0.3 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

8 Firehouse – First Floor (Stairs Area) A - D Walls Intact -0.3 to -0.2 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

9 Firehouse – First Floor (Stairs Area) B Window System Intact -0.2 to -0.1 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

10 Firehouse – First Floor (Room) A - D Walls Intact -0.5 to -0.2 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

11 Firehouse – First Floor (Room) B & C Window Systems Intact -0.2 to -0.1 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

12 Firehouse – First Floor (Room) D Door System Intact -0.5 to -0.2 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

13 Firehouse – First Floor (Mechanical Room) A - D Walls Intact -0.5 to -0.2 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

14 Firehouse – First Floor (Mechanical Room) E Ceiling Intact -0.2 to -0.1 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

15 Firehouse – First Floor (Mechanical Room) D Window System Intact -0.2 to 0.0 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

16 Firehouse – First Floor (Mechanical Room) C Furnace Intact -0.2 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

17 Firehouse – Second Floor (Main Area) A - D Walls Intact -0.4 to -0.2 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

18 Firehouse – Second Floor (Main Area) E Ceiling Intact -0.2 to -0.1 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

19 Firehouse – Second Floor (Main Area) A - D Window Systems Intact -0.3 to 0.1 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

20 Firehouse – Second Floor (Main Area) C & D Door Systems Intact -0.4 to -0.2 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

21 Firehouse – Second Floor (Closet #1) A - D Walls Intact -0.3 to -0.2 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

22 Firehouse – Second Floor (Closet #1) E Ceiling Intact -0.4 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

23 Firehouse – Second Floor (Closet #1) B Door System Intact -0.6 to -0.3 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

24 Firehouse – Second Floor (Closet #2) A - D Walls Intact -0.4 to -0.1 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

Due to the fact that painted surfaces within the scope of work were found to contain non-toxic level of lead, the waste is exempted from Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP-lead) testing and therefore can be disposed of as regular construction waste.

Crew engaged in renovation and demolition activity shall adhere to OSHA construction industry standard codified under 29 CFR 1926.62.

Please feel free to call me at (203) 623-3086 if you have any question or require clarification on the above.

Reliance Environmental, LLC

Vidya N. Trivedi, MS (Env Eng), PE, CHMM CT licensed Asbestos Project Designer • Project Monitor • Inspector • Management Planner CT licensed Lead Consultant Contractor • Lead Inspector • Risk Assessor • Planner & Project Designer AIHA & CT Department of Health Approved Lab Director • Fiber Analyst for PCM samples/Clearances American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) Asbestos Analyst Registry (AAR) #4386

25 Firehouse – Second Floor (Closet #2) D Door System Intact -0.5 to -0.2 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

26 Firehouse – Second Floor (Closet #1) E Ceiling Intact -0.1 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

27 Firehouse – Second Floor (Kitchen) A - D Walls Intact -0.8 to -0.5 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

28 Firehouse – Second Floor (Kitchen) E Ceiling Intact -0.2 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

29 Firehouse – Second Floor (Kitchen) C Window System Intact -0.3 to 0.1 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

30 Firehouse – Second Floor (Kitchen) A Door System Intact -0.7 to -0.5 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

31 Firehouse – Second Floor (Storage) A - D Walls Intact -0.4 to -0.2 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

32 Firehouse – Second Floor (Storage) E Ceiling Intact -0.2 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

33 Firehouse – Second Floor (Storage) C Window System Intact -0.2 to -0.1 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

34 Firehouse – Second Floor (Storage) B Door System Intact -0.5 to -0.4 Non-Toxic

Level of Lead

FIELD SKETCH

PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS SHEET

RMD LPA-1, PCS Edition 5 Page 1 of 4

Performance Characteristic Sheet

EFFECTIVE DATE: October 25, 2006 EDITION NO.: 5

MANUFACTURER AND MODEL:

Make: Radiation Monitoring Devices Model: LPA-1 Source: 57Co Note: This sheet supersedes all previous sheets for the XRF instrument of the make, model, and source shown above for instruments sold or serviced after June 26, 1995. For other instruments, see prior editions.

FIELD OPERATION GUIDANCE

OPERATING PARAMETERS:

Quick mode or 30-second equivalent standard (Time Corrected) mode readings.

XRF CALIBRATION CHECK LIMITS:

0.7 to 1.3 mg/cm2 (inclusive)

SUBSTRATE CORRECTION:

For XRF results below 4.0 mg/cm2, substrate correction is recommended for:

Metal using 30-second equivalent standard (Time Corrected) mode readings.

None using quick mode readings.

Substrate correction is not needed for:

Brick, Concrete, Drywall, Plaster, and Wood using 30-second equivalent standard (Time Corrected) mode readings Brick, Concrete, Drywall, Metal, Plaster, and Wood using quick mode readings

THRESHOLDS:

30-SECOND EQUIVALENT STANDARD

MODE READING DESCRIPTION SUBSTRATE THRESHOLD

(mg/cm2)

Results corrected for substrate bias on metal substrate only

Brick Concrete Drywall Metal

Plaster Wood

1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0

QUICK MODE

READING DESCRIPTION SUBSTRATE THRESHOLD

(mg/cm2)

Readings not corrected for substrate bias on any substrate

Brick Concrete Drywall Metal

Plaster Wood

1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

RMD LPA-1, PCS Edition 5 Page 2 of 4

BACKGROUND INFORMATION

EVALUATION DATA SOURCE AND DATE:

This sheet is supplemental information to be used in conjunction with Chapter 7 of the HUD Guidelines for the Evaluation and Control of Lead-Based Paint Hazards in Housing ("HUD Guidelines").

Performance parameters shown on this sheet are calculated from the EPA/HUD evaluation using archived building components. Testing was conducted on approximately 150 test locations in July 1995.

The instrument that performed testing in September had a new source installed in June 1995 with 12 mCi initial strength.

OPERATING PARAMETERS:

Performance parameters shown in this sheet are applicable only when properly operating the instrument using the manufacturer's instructions and procedures described in Chapter 7 of the HUD Guidelines.

XRF CALIBRATION CHECK:

The calibration of the XRF instrument should be checked using the paint film nearest 1.0 mg/cm2 in the NIST Standard Reference Material (SRM) used (e.g., for NIST SRM 2579, use the 1.02 mg/cm2 film).

If readings are outside the acceptable calibration check range, follow the manufacturer's instructions to bring the instruments into control before XRF testing proceeds.

SUBSTRATE CORRECTION VALUE COMPUTATION:

Chapter 7 of the HUD Guidelines provides guidance on correcting XRF results for substrate bias.

Supplemental guidance for using the paint film nearest 1.0 mg/cm2 for substrate correction is provided:

XRF results are corrected for substrate bias by subtracting from each XRF result a correction value determined separately in each house for single-family housing or in each development for multifamily housing, for each substrate. The correction value is an average of XRF readings taken over the NIST SRM paint film nearest to 1.02 mg/cm2 at test locations that have been scraped bare of their paint covering. Compute the correction values as follows:

Using the same XRF instrument, take three readings on a bare substrate area covered with the NIST SRM paint film nearest 1 mg/cm2. Repeat this procedure by taking three more readings on a second bare substrate area of the same substrate covered with the NIST SRM.

Compute the correction value for each substrate type where XRF readings indicate substrate correction is needed by computing the average of all six readings as shown below.

For each substrate type (the 1.02 mg/cm2 NIST SRM is shown in this example; use the actual lead loading of the NIST SRM used for substrate correction):

Correction value = (1st + 2nd + 3rd + 4th + 5th + 6th Reading) / 6 - 1.02 mg/cm²

Repeat this procedure for each substrate requiring substrate correction in the house or housing development.

EVALUATING THE QUALITY OF XRF TESTING:

Randomly select ten testing combinations for retesting from each house or from two randomly selected units in multifamily housing. Use either the Quick Mode or 30-second equivalent standard (Time Corrected) Mode readings.

RMD LPA-1, PCS Edition 5 Page 3 of 4

Conduct XRF re-testing at the ten testing combinations selected for retesting.

Determine if the XRF testing in the units or house passed or failed the test by applying the steps below.

Compute the Retest Tolerance Limit by the following steps:

Determine XRF results for the original and retest XRF readings. Do not correct the original or retest results for substrate bias. In single-family and multi-family housing, a result is defined as a single reading. Therefore, there will be ten original and ten retest XRF results for each house or for the two selected units.

Calculate the average of the original XRF result and retest XRF result for each testing combination.

Square the average for each testing combination.

Add the ten squared averages together. Call this quantity C.

Multiply the number C by 0.0072. Call this quantity D.

Add the number 0.032 to D. Call this quantity E.

Take the square root of E. Call this quantity F.

Multiply F by 1.645. The result is the Retest Tolerance Limit.

Compute the average of all ten original XRF results.

Compute the average of all ten re-test XRF results.

Find the absolute difference of the two averages.

If the difference is less than the Retest Tolerance Limit, the inspection has passed the retest. If the difference of the overall averages equals or exceeds the Retest Tolerance Limit, this procedure should be repeated with ten new testing combinations. If the difference of the overall averages is equal to or greater than the Retest Tolerance Limit a second time, then the inspection should be considered deficient.

Use of this procedure is estimated to produce a spurious result approximately 1% of the time. That is, results of this procedure will call for further examination when no examination is warranted in approximately 1 out of 100 dwelling units tested.

BIAS AND PRECISION:

Do not use these bias and precision data to correct for substrate bias. These bias and precision data were computed without substrate correction from samples with reported laboratory results less than 4.0 mg/cm2 lead. The data which were used to determine the bias and precision estimates given in the table below have the following properties. During the July 1995 testing, there were 15 test locations with a laboratory-reported result equal to or greater than 4.0 mg/cm2 lead. Of these, one 30-second standard mode reading was less than 1.0 mg/cm2 and none of the quick mode readings were less than 1.0 mg/cm2.

The instrument that tested in July is representative of instruments sold or serviced after June 26, 1995.

These data are for illustrative purposes only. Actual bias must be determined on the site. Results provided above already account for bias and precision. Bias and precision ranges are provided to show the variability found between machines of the same model.

RMD LPA-1, PCS Edition 5 Page 4 of 4

30-SECOND STANDARD MODE

READING MEASURED AT SUBSTRATE BIAS (mg/cm2) PRECISION* (mg/cm2)

0.0 mg/cm2 Brick

Drywall Metal

Plaster Wood

0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

0.5 mg/cm2 Brick

Drywall Metal

Plaster Wood

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

1.0 mg/cm2 Brick

Drywall Metal

Plaster Wood

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

2.0 mg/cm2 Brick

Drywall Metal

Plaster Wood

-0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.1

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

*Precision at 1 standard deviation.

CLASSIFICATION RESULTS:

XRF results are classified as positive if they are greater than the upper boundary of the inconclusive range, and negative if they are less than the lower boundary of the inconclusive range, or inconclusive if in between. The inconclusive range includes both its upper and lower bounds. Earlier editions of this XRF Performance Characteristics Sheet did not include both bounds of the inconclusive range as "inconclusive." While this edition of the Performance Characteristics Sheet uses a different system, the specific XRF readings that are considered positive, negative, or inconclusive for a given XRF model and substrate remain unchanged, so previous inspection results are not affected.

DOCUMENTATION:

An EPA document titled Methodology for XRF Performance Characteristic Sheets provides an explanation of the statistical methodology used to construct the data in the sheets, and provides empirical results from using the recommended inconclusive ranges or thresholds for specific XRF instruments. For a copy of this document call the National Lead Information Center Clearinghouse at 1-800-424-LEAD. A HUD document titled A Nonparametric Method for Estimating the 5th and 95th Percentile Curves of Variable-Time XRF Readings Based on Monotone Regression provides supplemental information on the methodology for variable-time XRF instruments. A copy of this document can be obtained from the HUD lead web site, www.hud.gov/offices/lead.

This XRF Performance Characteristic Sheet was developed by QuanTech, Inc., under a contract from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). HUD has determined that the information provided here is acceptable when used as guidance in conjunction with Chapter 7, Lead-Based Paint Inspection, of HUD’s Guidelines for the Evaluation and Control of Lead-Based Paint Hazards in Housing.

LEAD LICENSES

10011 51 SP 116•1 -COl -POl 15-1-1

RELIANCE ENVIRONMENTAL LLC

11 OLD FARM RD

WOODBRIDGE CT 06525-2400

Dear RELIANCE ENVIRONMENTAL LLC, Attached you will find your validated license for the coming year.

Should you have any questions about your license renewal, please do not hesitate to write or call:

Department of Public Health P.O. Box 340308

M.S.#12MQA

(860) 509-7603 oplc.dph@ct.gov www.ct.gov/dph/license Hartford, CT 06134-0308

MANISHA JUTHANI, MD, COMMISSIONER

DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEAL TH

STATE OF CONNECTICUT

DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH

PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE GENERAL STATUTES OF CONNECTICUT

THE INDIVIDUAL NAMED BELOW IS LICENSED

BY THIS DEPARTMENT A S A

LEAD CONSUL TANT CONTRACTOR

LICENSE NO.

RELIANCE ENVIRONMENTAL LLC

002070

CURRENT THROUGH

08/31/26

VALIDATION NO.

03-203425

EMPLOYER'S COPY

STATE OF CONNECTICUT

DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH

NAME

RELIANCE ENVIRONMENTAL LLC

VALIDATION NO. LICENSE NO. CURRENT THROUGH

03-203425 002070 08/31/26

PROFESSION

LEAD CONSULTANT CONTRACTOR

INSTIWCTIONS:

I. 0l'h1ch ::i nd ~lgn c11c h or the Gtrds un I his fonu

2. Display the lnr:,:c rnnl in :1 1m u11 i1u•r11 pl:i cc iu ~:our 11 mcc or tll :11.: l' of huNiuos.

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WALLBI'CARD

STATE OF CONNECTICUT

DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC 1-IEALTI-I

NAME

RELIANCE ENVIRONMENTAL LLC

VALIDATION NO. LICENSE NO. CURRENT THROUGH

03-203425 002070 08/31/26

PROFESSION

LEAD CONSULTANT CONTRACTOR

~ 'N • '! /UN~ SHA ,COMMISSIONER

Vidya N. Trivedi, MS (Env Eng), PE, CHMM