Division 7 Specs - Thermal and Moisture Protection.pdf

SAMUEL S. STRATTON VA MEDICAL CENTER

DESIGN NEW EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT

VA PROJECT NO. 528-809

01-01-21

07 13 52 - 1

SECTION 07 13 52

MODIFIED BITUMINOUS SHEET WATERPROOFING

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes:

1. Modified bituminous sheet material used for exterior below grade waterproofing and wall cavity waterproofing.

1.2 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS

A. Comply with references to extent specified in this section.

B. Federal Specifications (Fed. Spec.):

UU-B-790A Notice 2 v04-1992 Building Paper, Vegetable Fiber: (Kraft, Waterproofed, Water Repellent, and Fire

Resistant).

C. ASTM International (ASTM):

C578-19.................Rigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal Insulation.

D41/D41M-11(2016).......Asphalt Primer Used in Roofing, Dampproofing and Waterproofing.

D4586/D4586M-07(2018)...Asphalt Roof Cement, Asbestos-Free.

D6380/D6380M-03(2018)...Asphalt Roll Roofing (Organic Felt).

D. American Hardboard Association (AHA):

A135.4-(r2020)..........Basic Hardboard.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Submittal Procedures: Section 01 33 23, SHOP DRAWINGS, PRODUCT DATA, AND SAMPLES.

B. Submittal Drawings: Show size, configuration, and installation details.

C. Manufacturer's Literature and Data:

1. Description of each product.

2. Installation instructions.

3. Warranty.

D. Samples:

1. Waterproofing and Flashing Sheet: 200 mm (8 inch) square, each type and color.

2. Insulation: 200 mm (8 inch) square.

E. Test reports: Certify products comply with specifications.

F. Certificates: Certify products comply with specifications.

G. Qualifications: Substantiate qualifications comply with specifications:

1. Installer with project experience list.

07 13 52 - 2

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Installer Qualifications:

1. Regularly installs specified products.

2. Installed specified products with satisfactory service on five similar installations for minimum five years.

a. Project Experience List: Provide contact names and addresses for completed projects.

1.5 DELIVERY

A. Deliver products in manufacturer's original sealed packaging.

B. Mark packaging, legibly. Indicate manufacturer's name or brand, type, color, production run number, and manufacture date.

C. Before installation, return or dispose of products within distorted, damaged, or opened packaging.

1.6 STORAGE AND HANDLING

A. Store products indoors in dry, weathertight conditioned facility.

B. Protect products from damage during handling and construction operations.

1.7 FIELD CONDITIONS

A. Environment:

1. Product Temperature: Minimum 4 degrees C (40 degrees F) for minimum

48 hours before installation.

2. Weather Limitations: Install waterproofing only during dry current and forecasted weather conditions.

1.8 WARRANTY

A. Construction Warranty: FAR clause 52.246-21, "Warranty of

Construction."

B. Manufacturer's Warranty: Warrant waterproofing system against material and manufacturing defects and agree to repair any leak caused by a defect in the waterproofing system materials or workmanship of the installer.

1. Warranty Period: 10 years.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

A. Waterproofing System: Modified bituminous sheet material for exterior waterproofing.

2.2 PRODUCTS - GENERAL

A. Provide each product from one manufacturer.

07 13 52 - 3

2.3 BITUMINOUS SHEET

A. Cold applied waterproofing membrane composed primarily of modified bituminous material prefabricated in sheet form designed for below grade exterior and cavity waterproofing. Sheet reinforced with fibers at manufacturer's option.

B. Thickness: Not less than 1.5 mm (60 mils), plus or minus 0.13 mm

(5 mils), and bonded to 0.1 mm (4 mil) thick plastic sheet.

C. Provide release sheet to prevent bonding of bituminous sheet to itself.

2.4 PROTECTION MATERIAL

A. Polystyrene Insulation: ASTM C578, Type I or VIII, 13 mm (1/2 inch) minimum thickness or as specified on drawings to meet required R-value.

B. Hardboard: AHA A135.4, Service Type, 6 mm (1/4 inch) thick.

C. Waterproofed Building Paper: Fed. Spec. UU-B-790A Notice 2, Type I, Grade C.

D. Roll Roofing: ASTM D6380/D6380M, Class S (smooth), Type III with minimum net mass per unit area of roofing, 2495 g/sq. m

(51 lbs./100 sq. ft.).

2.5 ACCESSORIES

A. Patching Compound: Factory-prepared, non-shrinking, fast-setting, cementitious adhesive compound containing no ferrous metal or oxide.

B. Primer: ASTM D41/D41M.

C. Roof Cement: ASTM D4586/D4586M.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION

A. Examine and verify substrate suitability for product installation.

1. Concrete surfaces cured minimum time recommended by waterproofing manufacturer.

2. Substrate to be dry as recommended by waterproofing manufacturer.

B. Protect existing construction and completed work from damage.

C. Correct substrate deficiencies.

1. Fill voids, joints, and cracks with patching compound.

D. Clean substrates. Remove contaminants capable of preventing full adhesion.

E. Priming:

1. Prime concrete and masonry surfaces.

07 13 52 - 4

2. Application method, amount of primer and condition or primer before installation of bituminous sheet as recommended by primer manufacturer.

3. Reprime when required according to manufacturer's instructions.

3.2 INSTALLATION - GENERAL

A. Install products according to manufacturer's instructions and approved submittal drawings.

1. When manufacturer's instructions deviate from specifications, submit proposed resolution for Contracting Officer's Representative consideration.

3.3 WATERPROOFING INSTALLATION

A. Bituminous Sheet Installation:

1. Remove release sheet before application.

2. Lay bituminous sheet from low point to high point so laps shed water.

3. Treat expansion, construction and control joints and evident working cracks as expansion joints. Apply bituminous sheet in double thickness over joint by first applying a strip of bituminous sheet minimum 200 mm (8 inches) wide, centered over joint.

4. Lap seams minimum 50 mm (2 inches).

5. Lay succeeding sheet with laps, and roll or press into place.

6. Repair misaligned or inadequately lapped seams according to manufacturer’s instructions.

7. Seal seams and terminations according to sheet manufacturer’s instructions.

B. Corner Treatment:

1. At inside and outside corners, apply double cover using an initial strip minimum 280 mm (11 inches) wide, centered along axis of corner.

2. Cover each strip completely by the regular application of bituminous sheet.

3. Provide a fillet or cant on inside corners.

4. Form cants using patching compound.

5. Do not use wood, fiber, and insulating materials for cants.

C. Projection Treatment:

1. Apply a double layer of bituminous sheet around pipes and similar projections at least 150 mm (6 inches) wide.

07 13 52 - 5

2. At drains, apply a bead of roof cement over a double layer of bituminous sheet under clamping rings.

D. Patching:

1. Repair tears, punctures, air blisters, and inadequately lapped seams, according to manufacturer’s instructions before protection course is applied.

E. Permanent Protection:

1. Vertical Surfaces:

a. Install hardboard, polystyrene insulation, or roll roofing protection material.

b. Extend protection full height from footing to top of backfill.

c. If graded backfill is used, use roll roofing or hardboard.

F. Horizontal Surfaces:

1. Install roll roofing protection under concrete wearing courses.

2. Install roll roofing, hardboard, or polystyrene insulation under earth backfill.

3. Where no concrete wearing course occurs or when surfaces will bear heavy traffic and will not immediately be covered with a wearing course, use protection specified for vertical surfaces.

G. Temporary Protection:

1. When waterproofing materials are subjected to damage by sunlight and cannot be immediately protected as specified, protect waterproofing materials by waterproof building paper or suitable coating approved by manufacturer of waterproofing system used.

3.4 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Field Tests: Performed by testing laboratory specified in Section

01 45 29, TESTING LABORATORY SERVICES.

B. Testing:

1. Before any protection or wearing course is applied, test all horizontal applications of waterproofing with a minimum of 25 mm

(1 inch) head of water above highest point and leave for 24 hours.

2. Mark leaks and repair when waterproofing is dry.

3. Certify, to Contracting Officer's Representative, that water tests have been made and that areas tested were found watertight.

C. Inspection:

1. Do not cover waterproofed surfaces by other materials or backfill until work is approved by Contracting Officer's Representative.

07 13 52 - 6

3.5 CLEANING

A. Remove excess adhesive before adhesive sets.

B. Clean exposed waterproofing surfaces. Remove contaminants and stains.

3.6 PROTECTION

A. Protect waterproofing from construction operations.

B. Remove protective materials immediately before acceptance.

C. Repair damage.

- - - E N D - - -

07 21 13 - 1

SECTION 07 21 13

THERMAL INSULATION

A. Section Includes:

1. Thermal insulation.

a. Board insulation at foundation perimeter.

b. Board insulation at masonry cavity walls.

c. Spray foam insulation at exterior walls.

2. Acoustical insulation.

a. Semi-rigid insulation at interior framed partitions.

b. Batt and blanket insulation at interior framed partitions ceilings.

c. Board insulation at interior concrete and masonry partitions.

1.2 RELATED WORK

A. Section 04 20 00, UNIT MASONRY: Insulation for Cavity Face of Masonry.

B. Section 07 40 00, ROOFING AND SIDING PANELS: Insulation for Insulated

Wall Panels.

C. Section 07 84 00, FIRESTOPPING: Safing Insulation.

D. Section 09 54 23. LINEAR METAL CEILINGS: Insulation for Sound

Absorptive Pad.

1.3 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS

A. Comply with references to extent specified in this section.

B. ASTM International (ASTM):

C552-17e1 ..............Cellular Glass Thermal Insulation.

C553-13(2019)...........Mineral Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for

Commercial and Industrial Applications.

C578-19.................Rigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal Insulation.

C591-20.................Unfaced Preformed Rigid Cellular

Polyisocyanurate Thermal Insulation.

C612-14(2019)...........Mineral Fiber Block and Board Thermal

Insulation.

C954-18.................Steel Drill Screws for the Application of

Gypsum Panel Products or Metal Plaster Base to

07 21 13 - 2

Steel Studs From 0.033 (0.84 mm) inch to 0.112 inch (2.84 mm) in thickness.

C1002-18................Steel Self-Piercing Tapping Screws for

Application of Gypsum Panel Products or Metal

Plaster Bases to Wood Studs or Steel Studs.

D312/D312M-16a..........Asphalt Used in Roofing.

E84-20..................Surface Burning Characteristics of Building

Materials.

F1667-18a...............Driven Fasteners: Nails, Spikes, and Staples.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

A. Submittal Procedures: Section 01 33 23, SHOP DRAWINGS, PRODUCT DATA, AND SAMPLES.

B. Submittal Drawings:

1. Show insulation type, thickness, and R-value for each location.

C. Manufacturer's Literature and Data:

1. Description of each product.

2. Adhesive indicating manufacturer recommendation for each application.

D. Sustainable Construction Submittals:

1. Recycled Content: Identify post-consumer and pre-consumer recycled content percentage by weight.

2. Low Pollutant-Emitting Materials: Show volatile organic compound types and quantities.

1.5 DELIVERY

A. Deliver products in manufacturer's original sealed packaging.

B. Mark packaging, legibly. Indicate manufacturer's name or brand, type, production run number, and manufacture date.

C. Before installation, return or dispose of products within distorted, damaged, or opened packaging.

1.6 STORAGE AND HANDLING

A. Store products indoors in dry, weathertight facility.

B. Protect products from damage during handling and construction operations.

C. Protect foam plastic insulation from UV exposure.

07 21 13 - 3

1.7 WARRANTY

A. Construction Warranty: FAR clause 52.246-21, "Warranty of

Construction."

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 INSULATION - GENERAL

A. Insulation Thickness:

1. Provide thickness required by R-value shown on drawings.

2. Provide thickness indicated when R-value is not shown on drawings.

B. Insulation Types:

1. Provide one insulation type for each application.

2.2 THERMAL INSULATION

A. Perimeter Insulation In Contact with Soil:

1. Polystyrene Board: ASTM C578, Type IV, V, VI, VII, or IX.

B. Exterior Framing or Furring Insulation:

1. Spray Polyurethane Foam;

a. Closed-Cell Spray Polyurethane Foam: ASTM C1029, Type II, minimum density of 1.5 lb/cu. ft. (24 kg/cu. M) and minimum aged R-value at 1-inch (25.4-mm) thickness of 6.2 deg F x h x sq. ft./Btu at

75 deg F (25 mm of 43 K x sq. m/W at 24 deg C).

C. Masonry Cavity Wall Insulation:

1. Mineral Fiber Board: ASTM C612, Type II, with vapor retarder facing;

maximum permeance 29 ng/Pa/s/sq. m (0.5 perms).

2. Polyurethane or Polyisocyanurate Board: ASTM C591, Type I, with vapor retarder facing; maximum permeance 29 ng/Pa/s/sq. m

(0.5 perms).

3. Polystyrene Board: ASTM C578, Type X.

2.3 ACOUSTICAL INSULATION

A. Semi Rigid, Batts and Blankets:

1. Widths and lengths to fit tight against framing.

2. Mineral Fiber boards: ASTM C553, Type II, flexible, or Type III, semi rigid, FSK faced.

a. Density: nominal 4.5 pound.

3. Mineral Fiber Batt or Blankets: ASTM C665 unfaced.

4. Maximum Surface Burning Characteristics: ASTM E84.

a. Flame Spread Rating: 25.

b. Smoke Developed Rating: 450.

07 21 13 - 4

2.4 ACCESSORIES

A. Fasteners:

1. Staples or Nails: ASTM F1667, zinc-coated, size and type to suit application.

2. Screws: ASTM C954 or ASTM C1002, size and length to suit application with washer minimum 50 mm (2 inches) diameter.

3. Impaling Pins: Steel pins with head minimum 50 mm (2 inches) diameter.

a. Length: As required to extend beyond insulation and retain cap washer when washer is placed on pin.

b. Adhesive: Type recommended by manufacturer to suit application.

B. Insulation Adhesive: Nonflammable type recommended by insulation manufacturer to suit application.

C. Tape: Pressure sensitive adhesive on one face.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION

A. Examine and verify substrate suitability for product installation.

B. Protect existing construction and completed work from damage.

C. Clean substrates. Remove contaminants capable of affecting subsequently installed product's performance.

3.2 INSTALLATION - GENERAL

A. Install products according to manufacturer's instructions and approved submittal drawings.

1. When manufacturer's instructions deviate from specifications, submit proposed resolution for Contracting Officer's Representative consideration.

B. Install insulation with vapor barrier facing the heated side, unless indicated otherwise.

C. Install board insulation with joints close and flush, in regular courses, and with end joints staggered.

D. Install batt and blanket insulation with joints tight. Fill framing voids completely. Seal penetrations, terminations, facing joints, facing cuts, tears, and unlapped joints with tape.

E. Fit insulation tight against adjoining construction and penetrations, unless indicated otherwise.

07 21 13 - 5

3.3 THERMAL INSULATION

A. Perimeter Insulation In Contact with Soil:

1. Vertical insulation:

a. Fill joints of insulation with same material used for bonding.

b. Bond polystyrene board to surfaces with adhesive.

c. Bond cellular glass insulation to surfaces with hot asphalt or adhesive cement.

B. Exterior Framing Spray Foam Insulation:

1. General:

a. Open voids are not acceptable.

b. Spray insulation around door frames and windows, in building expansion joints, door soffits, and other voids.

c. Spray behind outlets, around pipes, ducts, and services encased in walls.

d. Comply with insulation manufacturer's written instructions applicable to products and applications.

e. Apply in multiple passes to not exceed maximum thicknesses recommended by manufacturer. Do not spray into rising foam.

2. Metal Studs: Fasten insulation between metal studs, framing, and furring with pressure sensitive tape continuous along flanged edges.

3. Ceilings and Soffits:

a. Metal Framing:

1) Fasten insulation between metal framing with pressure sensitive tape continuous along flanged edges.

2) At metal framing and ceilings suspension systems, install insulation above suspended ceilings and metal framing at right angles to main runners and framing.

3) Tape insulation tightly together without gaps. Cover metal framing members with insulation.

b. Ceiling Transitions:

1) In areas where suspended ceilings transition to structural ceiling, install blanket or batt insulation.

2) Extend insulation from suspended ceiling to underside of structure above.

3) Secure blanket and batt with continuous cleats to structure above.

07 21 13 - 6

C. Inside Face of Exterior Wall Insulation:

1. Location: Apply sprayfoam insulation to interior face of sheathing of hollow metal stud walls of cavity walls or insulated metal panels as indicated in drawings.

D. Floor Assemblies Above Unconditioned Spaces:

1. Apply sprayfoam insulation to underside of horizontal surfaces.

Space fastenings as required to hold insulation in place and prevent sagging.

a. Bond insulation with adhesive when separate vapor retarder is used.

E. Masonry Cavity Wall Insulation:

1. Install insulation on exterior faces of sheathing of hollow metal stud walls of cavity walls.

2. Bond polystyrene board to surfaces with adhesive.

3. Bond polyurethane or polyisocyanurate board, and perlite board to surfaces with adhesive.

4. Bond cellular glass insulation to surfaces with hot asphalt or adhesive cement.

5. Fill insulation joints with same material used for bonding.

3.4 ACOUSTICAL INSULATION

A. General:

1. Install insulation without voids.

2. Pack insulation around door frames and windows, in building expansion joints, door soffits, and other voids.

3. Pack behind outlets, around pipes, ducts, and services encased in walls.

4. Hold insulation in place with pressure sensitive tape.

5. Lap facer flanges together over framing for continuous surface. Seal all penetrations through the insulation and facers.

6. Do not compress insulation below required thickness except where embedded items prevent required thickness.

B. Semi Rigid, Batts and Blankets:

1. When insulation is not full thickness of cavity, adhere insulation to one side of cavity, maintaining continuity of insulation and covering penetrations or embedments.

a. Metal Framing:

07 21 13 - 7

1) Fasten insulation between metal framing with pressure sensitive tape continuous along flanged edges.

2) At metal framing or ceilings suspension systems, install blanket insulation above suspended ceilings or metal framing at right angles to the main runners or framing.

3) Tape insulation tightly together so no gaps occur and metal framing members are covered by insulation.

3.5 CLEANING

A. Remove excess adhesive before adhesive sets.

3.6 PROTECTION

A. Protect insulation from construction operations.

B. Repair damage.

- - E N D - -

07 22 00 - 1

SECTION 07 22 00

ROOF AND DECK INSULATION

A. Section Includes:

B. Roof and deck insulation, vapor retarder, and cover board on new concrete and metal deck substrates ready to receive roofing or waterproofing membrane.

C. Repairs and alteration work to existing roof insulation.

1.2 RELATED WORK

A. Section 06 10 00, ROUGH CARPENTRY: Wood Cants, Blocking, and Edge

Strips.

1.3 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS

A. Comply with references to extent specified in this section.

B. American Society of Civil Engineers

ASCE 7-16...............Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures

C. American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

(ASHRAE):

Standard 90.1-13........Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise

Residential Buildings.

D. ASTM International (ASTM):

C208-12(2017)e2.........Cellulosic Fiber Insulating Board.

C726-17.................Mineral Fiber Roof Insulation Board.

C1177/C1177M-17.........Glass Mat Gypsum Substrate for Use as

Sheathing.

C1289-19................Faced Rigid Cellular Polyisocyanurate Thermal

Insulation Board.

D41/D41M-11 (2016)......Asphalt Primer Used in Roofing, Dampproofing, and Waterproofing.

D312/D312M-16a..........Asphalt Used in Roofing.

D1970/D1970M-20.........Self-Adhering Polymer Modified Bituminous Sheet

Materials Used as Steep Roofing Underlayment for Ice Dam Protection.

D2178/D2178M-15a........Asphalt Glass Felt Used in Roofing and

Waterproofing.

07 22 00 - 2

D4586/D4586M-07(2018)...Asphalt Roof Cement, Asbestos-Free.

E84-20..................Surface Burning Characteristics of Building

Materials.

E. National Roofing Contractors Association (NRCA):

Manual-15...............The NRCA Roofing Manual: Membrane Roof Systems-

2019.

F. UL LLC (UL):

Listed Online Certifications Directory.

G. U.S. Department of Commerce National Institute of Standards and

Technology (NIST):

DOC PS 1-19.............Structural Plywood.

DOC PS 2-18.............Performance Standard for Wood-Based

Structural-Use Panels.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

A. Submittal Procedures: Section 01 33 23, SHOP DRAWINGS, PRODUCT DATA, AND SAMPLES.

B. Submittal Drawings:

1. Show size, configuration, and installation details.

a. Nailers, cants, and terminations.

b. Layout of insulation showing slopes, tapers, penetrations, and edge conditions.

C. Manufacturer's Literature and Data:

1. Description of each product.

D. Samples:

1. Roof insulation, each type.

E. Qualifications: Substantiate qualifications meet specifications.

1. Installer.

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Installer Qualifications: Same installer as Division 07 roofing section installer.

1.6 DELIVERY

A. Comply with recommendations of NRCA Manual.

B. Deliver products in manufacturer's original sealed packaging.

C. Mark packaging, legibly. Indicate manufacturer's name or brand, type, and manufacture date.

07 22 00 - 3

D. Before installation, return or dispose of products within distorted, damaged, or opened packaging.

1.7 STORAGE AND HANDLING

A. Comply with recommendations of NRCA Manual.

B. Store products indoors in dry, weathertight facility.

C. Protect products from damage during handling and construction operations.

1.8 FIELD CONDITIONS

A. Environment: Install products when existing and forecasted weather permit installation according to manufacturer's instructions.

1.9 WARRANTY

A. Construction Warranty: FAR clause 52.246-21, "Warranty of

Construction."

B. Manufacturer's Warranty: Warrant substrate board, vapor retarder, insulation, and cover board against material and manufacturing defects as part of Division 07 roofing system warranty.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

A. Insulation Thermal Performance:

1. Overall Average R-Value: RSI-57 (R-33), minimum.

2. Any Location R-Value: RSI-17 (R-10), minimum.

B. Fire and Wind Uplift Resistance: Provide roof insulation complying with requirements specified in Division 07 roofing section.

C. Insulation with fire resistance requirements at exterior entrance and ambulance canopies: UL labeled indicating compliance with one of the following:

1. UL Listed.

2. Insulation Surface Burning Characteristics: When tested according to

ASTM E84.

a. Flame Spread Rating: 75 maximum.

b. Smoke Developed Rating: 150 maximum.

2.2 PRODUCTS - GENERAL

A. Provide each product from one manufacturer.

2.3 ADHESIVES

A. Primer: ASTM D41/D41M.

B. Asphalt: ASTM D312, Type III or IV for vapor retarders and insulation.

07 22 00 - 4

C. Modified Asphaltic Insulation Adhesive: Insulation manufacturer's recommended modified asphaltic, asbestos-free, cold-applied adhesive formulated to adhere roof insulation to substrate or to another insulation layer.

D. Bead-Applied Urethane Insulation Adhesive: Insulation manufacturer's recommended bead-applied, low-rise, one- or multicomponent urethane adhesive formulated to adhere roof insulation to substrate or to another insulation layer.

E. Full-Spread Applied Urethane Insulation Adhesive: Insulation manufacturer's recommended spray-applied, low-rise, two-component urethane adhesive formulated to adhere roof insulation to substrate or to another insulation layer.

F. Roof Cement: Asbestos free, ASTM D2822/D2822M, Type I or Type II; or, ASTM D4586/D4586M, Type I or Type II.

2.4 ROOF AND DECK INSULATION

A. Roof and Deck Insulation, General: Preformed roof insulation boards approved by roofing manufacturer.

B. Polyisocyanurate Board Insulation: ASTM C1289, Type II, Class 1, Grade

2, faced with glass fiber reinforced cellulosic felt facers on both major surfaces of the core foam.

C. Non-combustible stone wool insulation board faced with mineral coated white fleece insulation: Surface Burning characteristics ASTM E84, Moisture Resistance: absorption per ASTM C1104.

D. Cellulosic Fiber Board Insulation: ASTM C208, Type II, Grade 2 for single-ply roofing.

E. Tapered Roof Insulation System:

1. Fabricate of stone wool fiberboard or polyisocyanurate. Use only one insulation material for tapered sections. Use only factory-tapered insulation.

2. Cut to provide high and low points with crickets and slopes as shown.

3. Minimum thickness of tapered sections; 38 mm (1-1/2 inch).

4. Minimum slope 1/48 (1/4 inch per 12 inches).

2.5 INSULATION ACCESSORIES

A. Glass (Felt): ASTM D2178/D2178M, Type VI, heavy duty ply sheet.

B. Vapor Retarder:

07 22 00 - 5

1. Self-Adhering Sheet Vapor Retarder: ASTM D1970/D1970M, minimum

1.0 mm (40 mils) thick membrane of HDPE film fully coated with asphalt adhesive, or 0.76 to 1.0 mm (30 to 40 mils) thick membrane of butyl rubber-based adhesive backed by a layer of high density cross-laminated polyethylene; maximum permeance rating of

6 ng/Pa/s/sq. m (0.1 perms).

C. Cover Board:

1. Glass-Mat, Water-Resistant Gypsum Roof Board: ASTM C1177/C1177M, 13 mm (1/2 inch), factory primed.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Comply with requirements of Division 07 roofing section.

3.2 PREPARATION

A. Examine and verify substrate suitability for product installation.

B. Protect existing construction and completed work from damage.

3.3 INSTALLATION - GENERAL

A. Install products according to manufacturer's instructions.

1. When manufacturer's instructions deviate from specifications, submit proposed resolution for Contracting Officer's Representative consideration.

B. Comply with requirements of UL for insulated steel roof deck.

C. Attach products to meet requirements of Division 07 roofing section.

3.4 VAPOR RETARDER INSTALLATION

A. Vapor Retarder Installation, General:

1. Install continuous vapor retarder on roof decks where indicated.

2. At vertical surfaces, turn up vapor retarder to top of insulation or base flashing.

3. Seal penetrations through vapor retarder with roof cement to prevent moisture entry from below.

B. Cast in Place Concrete Decks, Except Insulating Concrete:

1. Prime deck as specified.

2. Apply two plies of asphalt saturated felt mopped down to deck.

3.5 INSULATION INSTALLATION

A. Insulation Installation, General:

07 22 00 - 6

1. Base Sheet: Where required by roofing system, install one lapped base sheet specified in Division 07 roofing section by mechanically fastening to roofing substrate before installation of insulation.

2. Cant Strips: Install wood cant strips specified in Section 06 10 00

ROUGH CARPENTRY at junctures of roofing system with vertical construction.

B. Insulation Thickness:

1. Thickness of roof insulation shown on drawings is nominal. Provide thickness required to comply with specified thermal performance.

2. Insulation on Metal Decks: Provide insulation in minimum thickness recommended by insulation manufacturer to span deck flutes. Support edges of insulation on metal deck ribs.

3. When actual insulation thickness differs from drawings, coordinate alignment and location of roof drains, flashing, gravel stops, fascias and similar items.

4. Where tapered insulation is used, maintain insulation thickness at high points and roof edges shown on drawings.

a. Low Point Thickness: Minimum 38 mm (1-1/2 inches).

5. Use minimum two layers of insulation when required thickness is

68 mm (2.7 inch) or greater.

C. Lay insulating units with close joints, in regular courses and with end joints staggered.

1. Stagger joints between layers minimum 150 mm (6 inches).

D. Lay units with long dimension perpendicular to the rolled

(longitudinal) direction of the roofing felt.

E. Seal cut edges at penetrations and at edges against blocking with bitumen or roof cement.

F. Cut to fit tightly against blocking or penetrations.

G. Cover all insulation installed on the same day; comply with temporary protection requirements of Division 07 roofing section.

H. Installation Method:

1. Adhered Insulation:

a. Prime substrate as required.

b. Set each layer of insulation firmly in solid mopping of hot asphalt.

07 22 00 - 7

c. Set each layer of insulation firmly in ribbons of bead-applied insulation adhesive.

d. Set each layer of insulation firmly in uniform application of full-spread insulation adhesive.

2. Mechanically Fastened Insulation:

a. Fasten insulation according to requirements in Division 07 roofing section.

3. Adhered Insulation:

a. Fasten each subsequent layer of insulation according to "Adhered

Insulation" requirements.

b. Fasten insulation to resist uplift pressures specified in

Division 07 roofing section and ASCE-7.

3.6 COVER BOARD INSTALLATION

A. Install cover boards over insulation with long joints in continuous straight lines with staggered end joints.

B. Offset cover board joints from insulation joints 150 mm (6 inches), minimum.

C. Secure cover boards according to "Adhered Insulation" requirements.

07 27 26 - 1

SECTION 07 27 26

FLUID-APPLIED MEMBRANE AIR BARRIERS, VAPOR PERMEABLE

A. Section Includes:

1. Fluid-applied vapor-permeable air barrier at exterior above grade wall assemblies.

2. Connection to adjacent air barrier components providing a durable, continuous, full building air barrier.

1.2 RELATED WORK

A. Section 01 45 29 TESTING LABORATORY SERVICES: General Quality Assurance and Quality Control Requirements.

B. Section 01 91 00 GENERAL COMMISSIONING REQUIREMENTS: Commissioning of building envelope components.

C. Section 04 20 00 UNIT MASONRY: Masonry Unit Air Barrier Substrates.

D. Section 07 40 00 ROOFING AND SIDING PANELS: Flashing Components of

Factory Finished Roofing and Wall Systems Requiring Air Barrier

Transitions.

E. Section 07 60 00 FLASHING AND SHEET METAL: Metal Flashing Requiring Air

Barrier Transitions.

F. Section 07 92 00, JOINT SEALANTS: Joint Sealants.

G. Division 08 sections for : Exterior Wall Openings Requiring Air Barrier

Transitions.

H. Section 09 29 00 GYPSUM BOARD: Wall Sheathings Air Barrier Substrates.

1.3 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS

A. Comply with references to extent specified in this section.

B. Air Barrier Association of America (ABAA):

Quality Assurance Program.

C. ASTM International (ASTM):

C920-18.................Elastomeric Joint Sealants.

C1193-16................Use of Joint Sealants.

D412-16.................Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic

Elastomers-Tension.

E96/E96M-16.............Water Vapor Transmission of Materials.

07 27 26 - 2

E162-16.................Surface Flammability of Materials Using a

Radiant Heat Energy Source.

E783-02(2018)...........Field Measurement of Air Leakage Through

Installed Exterior Windows and Doors.

E1186-17................Air Leakage Site Detection in Building

Envelopes and Air Barrier Systems.

E2178-13................Air Permanence of Building Materials.

E2357-18................Determining Air Leakage of Air Barrier

Assemblies.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

A. Submittal Procedures: Section 01 33 23, SHOP DRAWINGS, PRODUCT DATA, AND SAMPLES.

1. Show size, configuration, and fabrication and installation details.

B. Manufacturer's Literature and Data:

1. Description of each product.

2. Installation instructions.

C. Test reports:

1. Submit field inspection and test reports.

D. Certificates: Certify each product complies with specifications.

1. Compatibility: Certify products are compatible with adjacent materials.

E. Qualifications: Substantiate qualifications comply with specifications.

1. Manufacturer with project experience list.

2. Installer with project experience list .

a. Include personnel qualifications.

b. Field supervisor qualifications.

c. Certify installer approval by air barrier manufacturer.

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Coordinate work with adjacent and related work to provide continuous, unbroken, durable air barrier system.

B. Manufacturer Qualifications:

1. Regularly and presently manufactures specified products.

2. Manufactured specified products with satisfactory service on five similar installations for minimum five years.

C. Installer Qualifications:

07 27 26 - 3

1. Regularly and presently installs specified products.

2. Approved by manufacturer.

3. Applicators trained and certified by manufacturer of air barrier system.

4. Full time on-site field supervisor has completed three projects of similar scope within last year.

D. Testing Agency Qualifications:

1. Accredited by International Accreditation Service, Inc. or American

Association for Laboratory Accreditation.

2. Staff experienced in installation of specified system and qualified to perform observation and inspection specified and determine compliance with project requirements.

1.6 DELIVERY

A. Deliver products in manufacturer's original sealed packaging.

B. Mark packaging, legibly. Indicate manufacturer's name or brand, type, production run number, and manufacture date.

C. Before installation, return or dispose of products within distorted, damaged, or opened packaging.

1.7 STORAGE AND HANDLING

A. Store products indoors in dry, weathertight, conditioned facility.

B. Protect products from damage during handling and construction operations.

1.8 FIELD CONDITIONS

A. Environment:

1. Work Area Ambient Temperature Range: 4 to 32 degrees C (40 to

90 degrees F) continuously, beginning 48 hours before installation.

2. Surface Requirements: visibly dry, and complying with manufacturer's instructions.

1.9 WARRANTY

A. Construction Warranty: FAR clause 52.246-21, "Warranty of

Construction."

07 27 26 - 4

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

A. Air-Barrier Assembly Air Leakage: Maximum 0.2 L/s/square meter

(0.04 cfm/square feet) of surface area at 75 Pa (1.57 psf) differential pressure when tested according to ASTM E2357.

B. Full Building Air Leakage: Refer to Section 01 45 29 TESTING LABORATORY

SERVICES.

C. Provide full system of compatible materials under conditions of service and application required. Compatibility based on testing by material manufacturer.

D. Perform as continuous vapor permeable air barrier and moisture drainage plane.

E. Transition to adjacent flashings and discharge water to building exterior.

F. Accommodate substrate movement and seal expansion and control joints, construction material transitions, opening transitions, penetrations, and perimeter conditions without moisture deterioration and air leakage exceeding performance requirements.

2.2 PRODUCTS - GENERAL

A. Provide air barrier system components from one manufacturer.

2.3 AIR BARRIER

A. Fluid-Applied, Vapor-Permeable Membrane Air Barrier:

1. Elastomeric, modified bituminous or synthetic polymer membrane.

2. Air Permeance: ASTM E2178: 0.02 L/s/square meter

(0.004 cfm/square feet) of surface area at 75 Pa (1.57 psf) differential pressure.

3. Vapor Permeance: ASTM E96/E96M: Minimum 580 ng/Pa/s/square meter

(10 perms).

4. Elongation: Ultimate, ASTM D412, Die C: 200 percent, minimum.

5. Thickness: Minimum 1.0 mm (40 mils) dry film thickness, applied in single continuous coat.

6. Surface Burning Characteristics: When tested according to ASTM E84.

a. Flame Spread Rating: 25 maximum.

b. Smoke Developed Rating: 450 maximum.

07 27 26 - 5

2.4 ACCESSORIES

A. Primer: Waterborne primer complying with VOC requirements, recommended air barrier manufacturer to suit application.

B. Counterflashing Sheet: Modified bituminous, minimum 1.0 mm (40 mils) thick, self-adhering composite sheet consisting of minimum 0.8 mm

(33 mils) of rubberized asphalt laminated to polyethylene film.

C. Substrate Patching Material: Manufacturer's standard trowel-grade filler material.

D. Sprayed Polyurethane Foam Sealant: Foamed-in-place, 24 to 32 kg/cu. m

(1.5 to 2.0 pcf) density, with maximum flame-spread index of 25 when tested according to ASTM E84.

E. Flexible Opening Transition: Cured low-modulus silicone extrusion with reinforcing ribs, sized to fit opening widths, designed for adhesion to or insertion into aluminum framing extrusions, and compatible with air barrier system materials and accessories.

F. Joint Sealant: ASTM C920, single-component, neutral-curing silicone;

Class 100/50 (low modulus), Grade NS, Use NT related to exposure, approved by membrane air barrier manufacturer for adhesion and compatibility with membrane air barrier and accessories.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION

A. Examine and verify substrate suitability for product installation.

B. Protect existing construction and completed work from damage.

C. Correct substrate deficiencies:

1. Remove projections and excess materials and fill voids with substrate patching material.

2. Remove contaminants capable of affecting subsequently installed product's performance.

D. Prepare and treat substrate joints and cracks according to ASTM C1193 and membrane air barrier manufacturer's instructions.

3.2 INSTALLATION - AIR BARRIER

A. Install products according to manufacturer's instructions and approved submittal drawings.

07 27 26 - 6

1. When manufacturer's instructions deviate from specifications, submit proposed resolution for Contracting Officer's Representative consideration.

B. Apply primer.

C. Install transition strips and accessory materials.

D. Seal air barrier to adjacent components of building air barrier system.

E. Install flexible opening transition at each opening perimeter. Extend transition onto each substrate minimum 75 mm (3 inches).

1. Fill gaps at perimeter of openings with foam sealant.

F. At penetrations, seal transition strips around penetrating objects with termination mastic.

1. Fill gaps at perimeter of penetrations with sprayed polyurethane foam sealant.

G. At top of through-wall flashings, seal with continuous transition strip of manufacturer's recommended material to suit application.

H. Apply air barrier in full contact with substrate to produce continuous seal with transitions.

I. Apply fluid membrane in thickness recommended by manufacturer, and minimum specified thickness.

J. Leave air barrier exposed until tested and inspected and approved by

Contracting Officer’s Representative.

3.3 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Field Inspections and Tests: Performed by testing laboratory specified in Section 01 45 29, TESTING LABORATORY SERVICES.

1. Perform inspections and tests before concealing air barrier with subsequent work.

B. Inspections:

1. Compatibility of materials within air barrier system and adjacent materials.

2. Suitability of substrate and support for air barrier.

3. Suitability of conditions under which air barrier is applied.

4. Adequacy of substrate priming.

5. Application and treatment of joints and edges of transition strips, flexible opening transitions, and accessory materials.

07 27 26 - 7

6. Continuity and gap-free installation of air barrier, transition strips, and accessory materials.

C. Tests:

1. Qualitative air-leakage testing according to ASTM E1186.

2. Quantitative air-leakage testing according to ASTM E783.

D. Inspection and Test Frequency: Determined by installed air barrier surface area.

1. Up to 900 square meter (10,000 square feet): One inspection.

2. 901 - 3,300 square meter (10,001 - 35,000 square feet): Two inspections.

3. 3,300 - 7,000 square meter (35,001 - 75,000 square feet): Three inspections.

4. 7,001 - 11,600 square meter (75,001 - 125,000 square feet): Four inspections.

5. 11,601 - 19,000 square meter (125,001 - 200,000 square feet): Five inspections.

6. Over 19,000 square meter (200,000 square feet): Six inspections.

E. Submit inspection and test reports to Contracting Officer’s

Representative within seven calendar days of completing inspection and test.

F. Audit:

1. Provide installer and site inspections audit by ABAA.

2. Coordinate scheduling of work and associated audit inspections.

3. Cooperate with ABAA’s testing agency. Allow access to work and staging areas.

4. Notify ABAA in writing of schedule for Work of this Section to allow sufficient time for testing and inspection.

G. Defective Work:

1. Correct deficiencies, make necessary repairs, and retest as required to demonstrate compliance with specified requirements.

3.4 CLEANING

A. Remove masking materials.

B. Clean spills and overspray using cleaning agents recommended by manufacturers of affected construction.

07 27 26 - 8

3.5 PROTECTION

A. Protect air barrier from construction operations.

B. Protect air barrier from exposure to UV light exposure exceeding manufacturer's recommendation.

C. Replace overexposed materials and retest.

07 40 00 - 1

SECTION 07 40 00

ROOFING AND SIDING PANELS

1.1 DESCRIPTION

A. This section specifies insulated metal wall panels as shown on contract documents installed as wall panels and soffit panels.

1.2 RELATED WORK

A. Section 07 92 00, JOINT SEALANTS: Sealant.

B. Section 09 06 00, SCHEDULE FOR FINISHES: Color and texture of finish.

1.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Manufacturer’s Qualifications: Provide metal wall panel products of a manufacturer regularly engaged for not less than five (5) years in the fabrication of metal panels of the type and design indicated.

B. Installer: A firm with three (3) years of successful experience with installation of siding panels of type and scope equivalent to Work of this Section. Submit installer qualifications.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

A. Submit in accordance with Section 01 33 23, SHOP DRAWINGS, PRODUCT

DATA, AND SAMPLES.

B. Samples: Metal panel, 152 mm (6 inch) square, showing finish, each color and texture.

C. Shop Drawings: Wall panels, showing details of construction and installation, collateral steel framing, U value thickness and kind of material, closures, flashing, fastenings and related components and accessories. Show interfaces and relationships to work at other trades and continuity with adjacent thermal, weather, air and vapor barriers.

D. Manufacturer's Literature and Data: Wall panels

E. Fire Test Report: Report of fire test by recognized testing laboratory for fire rating specified, showing details of construction.

F. Manufacturer’s Certificates: Indicating manufacturer’s qualifications specified.

G. Installer qualifications.

H. Manufacturer warranty.

07 40 00 - 2

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Approval by Contracting Officer Representative (COR) is required of products of proposed manufacturer.

B. Certify manufacturer has five (5) years continuous documented experience in fabrication of metal siding panels.

C. Source: For each material type required for work of this section, provide primary materials, which are products of one manufacturer.

Provide secondary or accessory materials, which are acceptable to manufacturers of primary materials.

D. Installer: A firm with a minimum of three (3) years’ experience in type of work required by this section and which is acceptable to manufacturers of primary materials.

1.6 WARRANTY

A. Construction Warranty: Comply with FAR clause 52.246-21 “Warranty of

Construction”.

B. Manufacturer Warranty: Manufacturer shall warranty their metal wall panels for a minimum of ten (10) years from the date of installation and final acceptance by the Government. Submit manufacturer warranty.

C. Warranty on Panel Finishes: Manufacturer’s shall warrant their wall panel finish and provide standard agreement to repair finish or replace metal panels that show evidence of deterioration of factory-applied finishes within specified warranty period.

1. Exposed Panel Finish: Deterioration includes, but is not limited to, the following:

a. Color fading more than 5 Hunter units when tested according to

ASTM D2244.

b. Chalking in excess of a No. 8 rating when testing according to

ASTM D4214.

c. Cracking, checking, peeling, or failure of paint to adhere to bare metal.

2. Finish Warranty Period: 20 years from date of installation and final acceptance by the COR.

1.7 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS

A. The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extend referenced. The publications are referenced in the text by the basic designation only.

07 40 00 - 3

B. American Architecture Manufacturers Association (AAMA):

611-14 ................. Anodized Architectural Aluminum

621-02 ................. Voluntary Specifications for High Performance

Organic Coatings on Coil Coated Architectural

Hot Dipped Galvanized (HDG) and Zinc-Aluminum

Coated Steel Substrates

2605-13 ................ Voluntary Specification, Performance

Requirements and Test Procedures for Superior

Performing Organic Coatings on Aluminum

Extrusions and Panels

C. American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI):

SG03-02 ................ Cold-Formed Steel Design Manual

D. ASTM International (ASTM):

A463/A463M-15 .......... Steel Sheet, Cold-Rolled, Aluminum-Coated, by the Hot-Dip Process

A653/A653M-20 .......... Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized), or Zinc-

Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed) by the Hot-Dip

Process.

A924/A924M-19 .......... Steel Sheet, Metallic Coated by the Hot-Dip

Process

A1008/A1008M-18 ........ Steel, Sheet, Cold-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High Strength Low Alloy

B209-14 ................ Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Sheet and Plate

B209M-14 ............... Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Sheet and Plate

(Metric)

C553-19 ................ Mineral Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for

Commercial and Industrial Applications

C591-20. ............... Unfaced Preformed Rigid Cellular

Polyisocyanurate Thermal Insulation

C612-14(2019) .......... Mineral Fiber Block and Board Thermal

Insulation

C1396/C1396M-17 ........ Gypsum Board

D2244-16 ............... Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color

Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color

Coordinates

07 40 00 - 4

D4214-07(2015) ......... Test Methods for Evaluating the Degree of

Chalking of Exterior Paint Films

E119-20 ................ Fire Test of Building Construction and

Materials

E283-19 ................ Test Method for Determining Rate of Air Leakage

Through Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and

Doors Under Specified Pressure Differences

Across the Specimen

E331-00(2016) .......... Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior

Windows, Skylight, Doors, and Curtain Walls by

Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference

E1592-05(2017) ......... Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Sheet Metal Roof and Siding Systems by

Uniform Static Air Pressure Method

E. FM Global:

4471-10 ................ Class 1 Panel Roofs

F. Underwriters Laboratories (UL):

580-05(R2018) .......... Tests for Uplift Resistance of Roof Assemblies

Fire Resistance Directory

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 INSULATED METAL WALL PANELS:

A. BASIS-OF-DESIGN: Kingspan Insulated Panels, Inc., KS-series

1. Panels to consist of a structurally reinforced insulated core, fastened between an exterior face sheet and an interior liner sheet.

2. Exterior Face Sheets:

a. 0.889 mm (0.035 inch) thick uncoated steel.

3. Interior Liner Face Sheet:

a. 0.584 mm (/0.023 inch) galvanized steel.

4. Insulation:

a. Provide polyisocyanurate having a “U” value of 0.0714 W/ (square meter x K) .

B. Fabricate wall louvers and frames used in conjunction with walls panels to be of same material, thickness and finish as exterior face sheets of wall system. Louver assembly to be designed and installed to prevent infiltration of water into structure.

07 40 00 - 5

2.2 FINISH

A. For insulated and uninsulated wall panels, provide finishes as follows for face sheets. Prepare, pretreat, and apply coating to exposed metal surfaces to comply with coating and resin manufacturers’ written instructions.

B. Provide aluminum alloy for color coating as required to produce specified color. Provide color as specified in Section 09 06 00, SCHEDULE FOR FINISHES. Color for sheet aluminum to not deviate more than the colors of extrusion samples.

1. Three-Coat Fluoropolymer: AAMA 2605. Fluoropolymer finish coating not less than 70 percent PVDF resin by weight in both color coat and clear topcoat.

2. Metallic Fluoropolymer: AAMA 2605. Three-coat fluoropolymer finish with suspended metallic flakes containing not less than 70 percent

PVDF resin by weight in both color coat and clear topcoat.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLATION

A. General: Install panels in accordance with the manufacturer's approved erection instructions and diagrams, except as specified otherwise.

B. Install panels in full and firm contact with supports and with each other at side and end laps.

C. Where panels are cut in the field, or where factory applied coverings or coatings are abraded or damaged in handling or installation, make finish repairs with material of the same type and color as the weather coating, before being installed.

D. Seal cut ends and edges, including those at openings through the sheets.

E. Correct defects or errors in the materials in a manner approved by the

COR.

F. Replace defective materials which cannot be corrected with nondefective material.

G. Provide molded closure strips where indicated and whenever sheets terminate with open ends after installation.

H. Wall Panels:

1. Apply panels with the configuration in a vertical position.

07 40 00 - 6

2. Provide panels in the longest obtainable lengths, with end laps occurring only at structural members full heights from base to eave with no horizontal joints except at the junctions of door frames, window frames, louver panels, and similar locations.

3. Seal side and end laps with joint sealing material.

4. Flash and seal walls at the base, at the top, around windows, door frames, framed louvers, and other similar openings. Install closure strips, flashings, and sealing material in an approved manner that will assure complete weather tightness.

5. Flashing is not required where approved "self-flashing" panels are use

I. Flashing:

1. Provide flashing and related closures and accessories in connection with the preformed metal panels as indicated and as necessary to provide a watertight installation.

2. Install details of installation, which are not indicated, in accordance with the panel manufacturer's printed instruction and details, or the approved shop drawings.

3. Allow for expansion and contraction of flashing.

J. Fasteners:

1. Space fasteners in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, and as necessary to withstand the design loads indicated.

2. Install fasteners in valleys or crowns as recommended by the manufacturer of the panel being used.

3. Install fasteners in straight lines within a tolerance of 13 mm

(1/2-inch) in the length of a bay.

4. Drive exposed penetrating type fasteners normal to the surface, and to a uniform depth to seat gasketed washers properly, and drive so as not to damage factory applied coating.

5. Exercise care in…