Top 100 Contractors in NAICS 54172: Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities, FY2021

Full ranking

Rank	Contractor	Net obligations	Share	Trend
1	Lockheed Martin Corporation 2 awardees Top agencies MDA (DOD Missile Defense Agency)	$154,775,480	13.2%	Rank history: #1 in FY2022, #2 in FY2023, #2 in FY2024 and #1 in FY2025; up 3 since FY2020.
2	The Rand Corporation Top agencies DHS (Department of Homeland Security) USAF (Department of the Air Force) HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$119,306,027	10.2%	Rank history: #3 in FY2022, #1 in FY2023, #3 in FY2024 and #8 in FY2025; up 3 since FY2020.
3	Mathematica Inc 2 awardees Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services) ED (Department of Education) SSA (Social Security Administration)	$105,728,194	9.0%	Rank history: #2 in FY2022, #3 in FY2023, #1 in FY2024 and #2 in FY2025; down 1 since FY2020.
4	Research Triangle Institute Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services) ED (Department of Education) USAF (Department of the Air Force)	$93,572,183	8.0%	Rank history: #5 in FY2022, #6 in FY2023, #4 in FY2024 and not on the FY2025 list; down 1 since FY2020.
5	American Institutes for Research In the Behavioral Sciences 2 awardees, including Impaq International, LLC Top agencies ED (Department of Education) HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$69,486,617	5.9%	Rank history: #7 in FY2022, #7 in FY2023, #7 in FY2024 and #10 in FY2025; up 2 since FY2020.
6	Westat, Inc. Top agencies ED (Department of Education) HHS (Department of Health and Human Services) SSA (Social Security Administration)	$60,710,209	5.2%	Rank history: #4 in FY2022, #5 in FY2023, #5 in FY2024 and #7 in FY2025; up 3 since FY2020.
7	National Opinion Research Center Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services) DHRA (Defense Human Resources Activity) DOL (Department of Labor)	$56,678,224	4.8%	Rank history: #8 in FY2022, #4 in FY2023, #6 in FY2024 and #6 in FY2025; up 1 since FY2020.
8	UnitedHealth Group Incorporated Through The Lewin Group, Inc. Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$40,341,683	3.4%	Rank history: #9 in FY2022, #10 in FY2023, #8 in FY2024 and #16 in FY2025; down 2 since FY2020.
9	Deloitte LLP Through Deloitte Consulting LLP Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$37,576,531	3.2%	Rank history: #37 in FY2022, #11 in FY2023 and not on the FY2024–FY2025 lists; up 6 since FY2020.
10	Educational Testing Service Top agencies ED (Department of Education)	$35,788,086	3.1%	Rank history: #10 in FY2022, #8 in FY2023, #9 in FY2024 and #3 in FY2025; up 1 since FY2020.
11	Fors Marsh Group LLC Top agencies DHRA (Defense Human Resources Activity) Army (Department of the Army) OSD (Office of the Secretary of Defense)	$30,672,503	2.6%	Rank history: #13 in FY2022, #9 in FY2023, #11 in FY2024 and #9 in FY2025; up 5 since FY2020.
12	The Mitre Corporation Top agencies Commerce (Department of Commerce) DHS (Department of Homeland Security) USAF (Department of the Air Force)	$26,487,622	2.3%	Rank history: #14 in FY2022, #12 in FY2023, #12 in FY2024 and #4 in FY2025; unchanged since FY2020.
13	Wayne State University Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$17,150,000	1.5%	Rank history: #15 in FY2022, #36 in FY2023 and not on the FY2024–FY2025 lists; up 4 since FY2020.
14	The Ohio State University Top agencies DOL (Department of Labor)	$14,464,087	1.2%	Rank history: #34 in FY2022, not on the FY2023–FY2024 lists and #44 in FY2025; up 11 since FY2020.
15	Booz Allen Hamilton Holding Corporation Through Booz Allen Hamilton Inc. Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$12,174,033	1.0%	Rank history: #21 in FY2022, #23 in FY2023, #33 in FY2024 and #32 in FY2025; up 3 since FY2020.
16	JJR Solutions LLC Top agencies USAF (Department of the Air Force)	$9,667,049	0.8%	Rank history: #19 in FY2022 and not on the FY2023–FY2025 lists; up 5 since FY2020.
17	Fundacion Inciensa Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$9,652,480	0.8%	Rank history: #16 in FY2022, #15 in FY2023, #28 in FY2024 and #12 in FY2025; up 10 since FY2020.
18	University of Washington 2 awardees Top agencies Navy (Department of the Navy) USAF (Department of the Air Force) HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$7,743,891	0.7%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; down 4 since FY2020.
19	Acumen LLC Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$7,506,811	0.6%	Rank history: #59 in FY2022, #20 in FY2023, #16 in FY2024 and #11 in FY2025; down 9 since FY2020.
20	New South Associates, Inc. Top agencies Army (Department of the Army) DOI (Department of the Interior)	$7,260,997	0.6%	Rank history: #22 in FY2022, #24 in FY2023, #19 in FY2024 and #13 in FY2025; up 2 since FY2020.
21	Econometrica, Inc. Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$7,159,433	0.6%	Rank history: #32 in FY2022, #32 in FY2023, #22 in FY2024 and #27 in FY2025; up 14 since FY2020.
22	ABT Global LLC 2 awardees Top agencies ED (Department of Education) SSA (Social Security Administration) HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$6,991,977	0.6%	Rank history: #11 in FY2022, #14 in FY2023, #13 in FY2024 and #20 in FY2025; down 3 since FY2020.
23	Regents of the University of Michigan Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services) NSF (National Science Foundation) Army (Department of the Army)	$6,575,104	0.6%	Rank history: #31 in FY2022, #30 in FY2023, #34 in FY2024 and #23 in FY2025; up 15 since FY2020.
24	Sanametrix Inc. Top agencies ED (Department of Education)	$6,260,841	0.5%	Rank history: #43 in FY2022 and not on the FY2023–FY2025 lists; up 10 since FY2020.
25	University of Utah Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$6,076,756	0.5%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 114 since FY2020.
26	NCS Pearson Inc. Top agencies ED (Department of Education)	$5,971,938	0.5%	Rank history: #17 in FY2022, #26 in FY2023 and not on the FY2024–FY2025 lists; up 3 since FY2020.
27	L&M Policy Research, LLC Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$5,682,521	0.5%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 17 since FY2020.
28	The Regents of the University of Colorado 2 awardees Top agencies NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) Army (Department of the Army)	$5,480,457	0.5%	Rank history: #26 in FY2022, #25 in FY2023, #35 in FY2024 and #28 in FY2025; up 5 since FY2020.
29	Northrop Grumman Corporation 3 awardees, including Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation Top agencies DFAS (Defense Finance and Accounting Service) Army (Department of the Army) DODEA (Department of Defense Education Activity)	$5,037,267	0.4%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; down 16 since FY2020.
30	National Academy of Sciences Top agencies SSA (Social Security Administration) OSD (Office of the Secretary of Defense) HUD (Department of Housing and Urban Development)	$4,252,317	0.4%	Rank history: #33 in FY2022, #17 in FY2023, #21 in FY2024 and #25 in FY2025; unchanged since FY2020.
31	Tetra Tech, Inc. Through Tetra TECH ES, Inc. Top agencies USAID (US Agency for International Development)	$4,100,000	0.4%	Rank history: #23 in FY2022, #22 in FY2023 and not on the FY2024–FY2025 lists; up 10 since FY2020.
32	Far Western Anthropological Research Group, Inc. Top agencies Navy (Department of the Navy)	$3,760,611	0.3%	Rank history: #47 in FY2022, #39 in FY2023, #25 in FY2024 and not on the FY2025 list; up 7 since FY2020.
33	Berytech Foundation Top agencies USAID (US Agency for International Development)	$3,750,000	0.3%	Rank history: #46 in FY2022, #38 in FY2023, #23 in FY2024 and not on the FY2025 list; up 19 since FY2020.
34	Actuarial Research Corporation Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$3,111,184	0.3%	Rank history: #35 in FY2022, #35 in FY2023, #27 in FY2024 and #50 in FY2025; up 9 since FY2020.
35	Mdrc Top agencies ED (Department of Education)	$2,965,325	0.3%	Rank history: #62 in FY2022, not on the FY2023 list, #32 in FY2024 and not on the FY2025 list; up 31 since FY2020.
36	Southwest Research Institute Top agencies NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)	$2,929,891	0.3%	Rank history: #24 in FY2022, not on the FY2023–FY2024 lists and #57 in FY2025; up 21 since FY2020.
37	Toxcel LLC Top agencies DOT (Department of Transportation)	$2,929,367	0.3%	Rank history: #42 in FY2022, #43 in FY2023, #40 in FY2024 and #24 in FY2025; up 141 since FY2020.
38	Insight Policy Research, Inc. Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$2,748,715	0.2%	Rank history: #41 in FY2022 and not on the FY2023–FY2025 lists; down 14 since FY2020.
39	Dobson Davanzo & Associates, LLC Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$2,655,404	0.2%	Rank history: #44 in FY2022, #54 in FY2023 and not on the FY2024–FY2025 lists; up 10 since FY2020.
40	Optimal Solutions Group, L.l.c Top agencies ED (Department of Education)	$2,557,632	0.2%	Rank history: #40 in FY2022, not on the FY2023 list, #66 in FY2024 and #52 in FY2025; up 15 since FY2020.
41	Insignia Health, LLC Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$2,352,072	0.2%	Rank history: #45 in FY2022, #42 in FY2023 and not on the FY2024–FY2025 lists; up 10 since FY2020.
42	Human Resources Research Organization (Humrro) Top agencies Army (Department of the Army)	$2,078,045	0.2%	Rank history: #57 in FY2022, #44 in FY2023, not on the FY2024 list and #56 in FY2025; up 28 since FY2020.
43	Kudu Dynamics LLC Top agencies DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency)	$2,000,000	0.2%	Rank history: #100 in FY2022 and not on the FY2023–FY2025 lists; up 15 since FY2020.
44	Paleowest LLC Top agencies USDA (Department of Agriculture) Navy (Department of the Navy) DOI (Department of the Interior)	$1,910,574	0.2%	Rank history: #36 in FY2022 and not on the FY2023–FY2025 lists; up 24 since FY2020.
45	R. Christopher Goodwin & Associates, Inc. Top agencies Army (Department of the Army)	$1,903,243	0.2%	Rank history: #54 in FY2022, not on the FY2023 list, #98 in FY2024 and #94 in FY2025; up 61 since FY2020.
46	Telemus Group LLC Top agencies WHS (DOD Washington Headquarters Service)	$1,867,535	0.2%	Rank history: #61 in FY2022, #49 in FY2023, #49 in FY2024 and #29 in FY2025; up 2 since FY2020.
47	Teachley, LLC Top agencies ED (Department of Education)	$1,800,000	0.2%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 94 since FY2020.
48	Louisiana State University Through Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$1,772,202	0.2%	Rank history: #55 in FY2022, #53 in FY2023 and not on the FY2024–FY2025 lists; up 11 since FY2020.
49	Avar Consulting Inc. Top agencies ED (Department of Education)	$1,672,988	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 11 since FY2020.
50	Gramercy Research Group, L.l.c Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$1,629,181	0.1%	Rank history: #63 in FY2022 and not on the FY2023–FY2025 lists; up 73 since FY2020.
51	General Dynamics Corporation Through General Dynamics Information Technology, Inc. Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$1,615,531	0.1%	Rank history: #48 in FY2022, #18 in FY2023, #20 in FY2024 and #19 in FY2025; new, not ranked in FY2020.
52	Nana Regional Corporation Inc Through Ikun LLC Top agencies DOJ (Department of Justice)	$1,490,319	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 10 since FY2020.
53	ICF International, Inc. 2 awardees, including ICF Incorporated, L.L.C. Top agencies Army (Department of the Army)	$1,349,507	0.1%	Rank history: #49 in FY2022, #58 in FY2023 and not on the FY2024–FY2025 lists; up 18 since FY2020.
54	Nationwide Children'S Hospital Through Research Institute At Nationwide Children's Hospital Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$1,248,877	0.1%	Rank history: #75 in FY2022, #57 in FY2023 and not on the FY2024–FY2025 lists; new, not ranked in FY2020.
55	Dynamis, Inc. Top agencies WHS (DOD Washington Headquarters Service)	$1,208,755	0.1%	Rank history: #64 in FY2022, #63 in FY2023, #56 in FY2024 and #71 in FY2025; up 95 since FY2020.
56	Harris Environmental Group Inc. Top agencies USDA (Department of Agriculture) DOI (Department of the Interior)	$1,180,135	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; new, not ranked in FY2020.
57	BW Research Partnership Inc. Top agencies DOE (Department of Energy)	$1,150,000	0.1%	Rank history: #58 in FY2022, #55 in FY2023, #87 in FY2024 and #30 in FY2025; new, not ranked in FY2020.
58	Statistical Research Inc. Top agencies Navy (Department of the Navy) DOI (Department of the Interior)	$1,144,679	0.1%	Rank history: #74 in FY2022 and not on the FY2023–FY2025 lists; up 108 since FY2020.
59	Myriad Sensors, Inc. Top agencies ED (Department of Education)	$1,100,000	0.1%	Rank history: #83 in FY2022 and not on the FY2023–FY2025 lists; up 148 since FY2020.
60	Bric LLC Top agencies DOI (Department of the Interior)	$1,078,662	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; new, not ranked in FY2020.
61	JBS International, Inc. Top agencies CNCS (Corporation for National and Community Service)	$1,072,419	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 18 since FY2020.
62	Rainmakers Strategic Solutions LLC Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$1,058,212	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; new, not ranked in FY2020.
63	Center for Strategic & International Studies Inc. Top agencies WHS (DOD Washington Headquarters Service) USAID (US Agency for International Development)	$1,000,667	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022 list, #93 in FY2023, #68 in FY2024 and #58 in FY2025; up 310 since FY2020.
64	The Trustees of Columbia University In the City of New York 2 awardees Top agencies NSF (National Science Foundation) HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$978,000	0.1%	Rank history: #50 in FY2022 and not on the FY2023–FY2025 lists; new, not ranked in FY2020.
65	2M Research Services LLC Top agencies HUD (Department of Housing and Urban Development) NEA (National Endowment for the Arts)	$955,436	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 51 since FY2020.
66	Dunlap and Associates, Inc. Top agencies DOT (Department of Transportation)	$900,853	0.1%	Rank history: #18 in FY2022, #52 in FY2023, #26 in FY2024 and not on the FY2025 list; new, not ranked in FY2020.
67	Beach Day Studios LLC Top agencies ED (Department of Education)	$900,000	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 151 since FY2020.
68	Analytic Measures Incorporated Top agencies ED (Department of Education)	$900,000	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 144 since FY2020.
69	Muzology LLC Top agencies ED (Department of Education)	$900,000	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 141 since FY2020.
70	King's Peak Technology, Inc. Top agencies ED (Department of Education)	$900,000	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 144 since FY2020.
71	Attainment Co., Inc. Top agencies ED (Department of Education)	$900,000	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 138 since FY2020.
72	Hoogalit, Inc. Top agencies ED (Department of Education)	$900,000	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 144 since FY2020.
73	Kooapps LLC Top agencies ED (Department of Education)	$900,000	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 146 since FY2020.
74	Learning Ovations Inc. Top agencies ED (Department of Education)	$900,000	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 134 since FY2020.
75	Gartner, Inc. Through Personnel Decisions Research Institutes, LLC Top agencies Army (Department of the Army)	$891,407	0.1%	Rank history: #67 in FY2022, #69 in FY2023 and not on the FY2024–FY2025 lists; up 25 since FY2020.
76	Hudson Institute, Inc. Top agencies WHS (DOD Washington Headquarters Service)	$875,648	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 115 since FY2020.
77	J Michael Consulting LLC Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$867,345	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; new, not ranked in FY2020.
78	Drasgow Consulting Group, LLC Top agencies Army (Department of the Army)	$866,755	0.1%	Rank history: #98 in FY2022 and not on the FY2023–FY2025 lists; down 3 since FY2020.
79	Core Correctional Solutions, LLC Top agencies CSOSA (Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency)	$863,653	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022 list, #91 in FY2023, not on the FY2024 list and #76 in FY2025; new, not ranked in FY2020.
80	Espinoza Cultural Services, LLC Top agencies Army (Department of the Army) USDA (Department of Agriculture) DOI (Department of the Interior)	$860,382	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 29 since FY2020.
81	Sri International Top agencies DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency)	$800,000	0.1%	Rank history: #28 in FY2022, #29 in FY2023, #30 in FY2024 and #37 in FY2025; down 39 since FY2020.
82	The Washington University Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$783,929	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022 list, #37 in FY2023, #36 in FY2024 and not on the FY2025 list; new, not ranked in FY2020.
83	ASH Stevens LLC Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$774,032	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 10 since FY2020.
84	Hacks / Hackers Top agencies NSF (National Science Foundation)	$748,829	0.1%	Rank history: #39 in FY2022, #48 in FY2023 and not on the FY2024–FY2025 lists; new, not ranked in FY2020.
85	Auxilio Management Services Top agencies Army (Department of the Army)	$747,803	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022 list, #65 in FY2023, #90 in FY2024 and not on the FY2025 list; new, not ranked in FY2020.
86	National Institute of Statistical Sciences Top agencies ED (Department of Education) DOL (Department of Labor)	$736,733	0.1%	Rank history: #96 in FY2022 and not on the FY2023–FY2025 lists; down 8 since FY2020.
87	President and Fellows of Harvard College Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$698,305	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022 list, #59 in FY2023 and not on the FY2024–FY2025 lists; new, not ranked in FY2020.
88	Advanced LAN Techs Inc. Top agencies WHS (DOD Washington Headquarters Service)	$684,512	0.1%	Rank history: #69 in FY2022, #64 in FY2023 and not on the FY2024–FY2025 lists; down 16 since FY2020.
89	University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 2 awardees, including North Carolina State University Top agencies VA (Department of Veterans Affairs) DOT (Department of Transportation) HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$652,267	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 100 since FY2020.
90	American Indian Development Associates, LLC Top agencies DOJ (Department of Justice)	$634,958	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 13 since FY2020.
91	Cornerstone Environmental Consulting LLC Top agencies USDA (Department of Agriculture)	$606,291	0.1%	Rank history: #56 in FY2022 and not on the FY2023–FY2025 lists; up 55 since FY2020.
92	Vsgi LLC Top agencies Commerce (Department of Commerce)	$599,856	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2023 lists, #96 in FY2024 and not on the FY2025 list; up 41 since FY2020.
93	The Pennsylvania State University Top agencies NSF (National Science Foundation) DOE (Department of Energy)	$594,525	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2024 lists and #96 in FY2025; up 203 since FY2020.
94	The Johns Hopkins University Top agencies HHS (Department of Health and Human Services)	$592,106	0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 14 since FY2020.
95	Forward Solutions LLC Top agencies DHRA (Defense Human Resources Activity)	$576,139	<0.1%	Rank history: #76 in FY2022, #85 in FY2023 and not on the FY2024–FY2025 lists; new, not ranked in FY2020.
96	Stratevarious Inc. Top agencies WHS (DOD Washington Headquarters Service)	$572,535	<0.1%	Rank history: #53 in FY2022, #46 in FY2023, #47 in FY2024 and #47 in FY2025; up 9 since FY2020.
97	Quanterix Corporation Top agencies VA (Department of Veterans Affairs)	$564,080	<0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; new, not ranked in FY2020.
98	Analog Photonics LLC Top agencies Army (Department of the Army)	$554,724	<0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 17 since FY2020.
99	Woods Canyon Archaeological Consultants, Inc. Top agencies USDA (Department of Agriculture) DOI (Department of the Interior)	$552,178	<0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 68 since FY2020.
100	Perigean Technologies LLC Top agencies Army (Department of the Army)	$536,586	<0.1%	Rank history: not on the FY2022–FY2025 lists; up 32 since FY2020.

Rankings for the codes under NAICS 54172

How this ranking works

• Source: every contract action FPDS records (as published on SAM.gov) in the period, as GovTribe received it.
• Amounts are net obligations: what was obligated, less what was deobligated. Shares are of $1.17 billion obligated before deobligations, so they never pass 100%.
• Parent companies: each action counts under the ultimate parent its award record names, or under the awardee when it names none, so no dollar counts twice. Parents of the same name (Inc., LLC and the like aside) count as one company, since FPDS records a company's parent under more than one UEI over time. GovTribe corrects a few parents and names by hand; see the corrections.
• Fiscal year 2021 ran Oct 1, 2020 – Sep 30, 2021. The Department of Defense reports its contract actions to FPDS about 90 days late, so a fiscal year is ranked once they're in, in February, and the list doesn't change after.
• Rank changes compare with FY2020. "New" marks a company outside that period's top 500, and "Returned" one of those that was on an earlier fiscal year's list.
• Rank lines show each company's rank on every fiscal year's list since FY2021, #1 at the top, on a scale that gives the top of the list more room. A dashed stretch spans years it wasn't on the list. The step from FY2020 takes the color of the rank change beside it.
• Placeholder recipients FPDS uses when it names no company ("Miscellaneous Foreign Contractors" and the like) aren't ranked.

Quick answers