NAS Whiting Field IAP.pdf

PREPARED FOR

Commander, Navy Installation Command

Naval Air Station Whiting Field

PREPARED By parsons Norfolk, Virginia

April, 2013

UNDER THE DIRECTION OF

Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Southeast

FINAL

I N S T A L L A T I O N A P P E A R A N C E P L A N

NAVAL AIR STATION

NAS WHITING FIELD • INSTALLATION APPEARANCE PLAN

TABLE OF CON

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Table of Contents

ES

1.

2.

ES-1 OVERVIEW

ES-2 USING THIS INSTALLATION APPEARANCE PLAN

ES-3 INTRODUCTION

ES-3.1 Study Purpose and Focus ES-3.2 Installation Mission ES-3.3 Study Area ES-3.4 IAP Objectives

ES-4 EXISTING CONDITIONS SUMMARY

ES-4.1 Visual Environment ES-4.2 Functional Districts ES-4.3 Architectural Style ES-4.4 Circulation Routes

ES-5 DESIGN GUIDELINES OVERVIEW

ES-5.1 Design Theme Analysis ES-5.2 Design Theme Definition

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 INSTALLATION MISSION AND VISION

1.2 STUDY AREA

1.3 STUDY PURPOSE AND FOCUS

1.4 STUDY METHODOLOGY

1.5 GUIDELINE ELEMENTS

2.0 EXISTING CONDITIONS SUMMARY

2.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

2.2 PREVIOUS DESIGN GUIDELINE EFFORTS

2.3 VISUAL ENVIRONMENT

2.3.1 Functional Districts

2.3.2 Architecture

2.3.3 Building Access

2.3.4 Gateways and Circulation Routes

2.3.5 Landmarks and Reference Points

2.3.6 Significant Views

2.3.7 Activity Nodes

2.3.8 Antiterrorism Force Protection

2.3.9 Signage and Lighting

2.3.10 Natural Environment and Open Space

2.4 FUNCTIONAL DISTRICTS OVERVIEW

2.5 HISTORIC DISTRICT OVERVIEW

2.5.1 Historic Landmarks and Registered Buildings

2.5.2 NAS Whiting Field Historic District Architectural Styles

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3.0 BUILDING ENVELOPE APPEARANCE STANDARDS

3.1 GENERAL STANDARDS

3.2 USE

3.3 BUILDING SITE ELEMENTS

3.3.1 Massing and Height

3.3.2 Building Access and Entry

3.3.3 Siting and Placement

3.3.4 Parking Areas

3.3.5 Building Related Force Protection

3.4 ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS

3.4.1 Rooflines

3.4.2 Building Façade Design

3.4.3 Materials and Color

3.4.4 Signage and Lighting

3.5 SUSTAINABILITY

3.5.1 Optimize Site Potential

3.5.2 Optimize Energy Use

3.5.3 Protect and Conserve Water

3.5.4 Use Environmentally Preferable Products

3.5.5 Enhance Indoor Environmental Quality

3.5.6 Optimize Operations and Maintenance Practices

3.5.7. LEED Rating Systems

3.5.7.1 LEED for New Construction

3.5.7.2 LEED for Neighborhood Development

3.5.8 Sustainable Sites Initiative

3.5.9 Recommended Strategies

3.5.9.1 Reduce Development Footprint

3.5.9.2 Cool Roofs and Pavements

3.5.9.3 Vegetated Roofs

3.5.9.4 Renewable Energy

4.0 STREET ENVELOPE APPEARANCE STANDARDS

4.1 GENERAL STANDARDS

4.2 STREET ENVELOPE ELEMENTS

4.2.1 Vehicular Traffic Lane Widths

4.2.2 Curb Radii

4.2.3 Sidewalks

4.2.4 Tree Plantings

4.2.5 On-Street Parking Configurations

4.2.6 Signage and Lighting

4.3 ENTRY GATES AND VISITOR CENTERS STANDARDS

4.4 PRIMARY STREET ENVELOPE STANDARDS

4.5 SECONDARY STREET ENVELOPE STANDARDS

4.6 TERTIARY STREET ENVELOPE STANDARDS

4.7 SUSTAINABILITY

4.7.1 LEED Rating Systems

4.7.1.1 LEED for New Construction

4.7.1.2 LEED for Neighborhood Development

4.7.2 Sustainable Sites Initiative

4.7.3 Recommended Strategies

4.7.3.1 Alternative Transportation

4.7.3.2 Cool Pavements

4.7.3.3 Porous Pavements

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5.0 LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AND APPEARANCE STANDARDS

5.1 GENERAL STANDARDS

5.2 MAINTENANCE AND IMPROVEMENTS

5.3 LANDSCAPING GUIDING PRINCIPLES

5.4 LANDSCAPING DESIGN STANDARDS

5.5 PLANTING AND MAINTENANCE

5.6 RECOMMENDED PLANTS AND TREES

5.7 SITE ELEMENTS AND APPEARANCE STANDARDS

5.7.1 Storage Buildings and Containers

5.7.2 Shelters

5.7.3 Smokers’ Shelter

5.7.4 Walls, Fences, and Screening

5.7.5 Memorials and Static Displays

5.7.6 Parks and Ceremonial Grounds

5.7.7 Site Signage

5.7.8 Site Lighting

5.7.9 Paving Surfaces

5.7.10 Site Furniture

5.8 SAFETY THROUGH LANDSCAPE DESIGN

5.9 SUSTAINABILITY

5.9.1 LEED Rating System

5.9.2 LEED for New Construction

5.9.3 LEED for Neighborhood Development

5.9.4 Sustainable Sites Initiative

5.9.5 Recommended Strategies

5.9.5.1 Tree Planting

5.9.5.2 Bioinfiltration Systems

5.9.5.3 Vegetated Roofs

5.9.5.4 Rainwater Recycling

5.9.5.5 Exterior Lighting

5.9.5.6 Renewable Energy

6.0 DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR SPECIFIC FUNCTIONAL DISTRICTS

6.1 GENERAL STANDARDS

6.2 AIRFIELD FUNCTIONAL DISTRICT

6.2.1 Building Envelope Appearance Standards

6.2.2 Street Envelope Appearance Standards

6.2.3 Landscape Appearance Standards

6.3 INDUSTRIAL FUNCTIONAL DISTRICT

6.3.1 Building Envelope Appearance Standards

6.3.2 Street Envelope Appearance Standards

6.3.3 Landscape Appearance Standards

6.4 ADMINISTRATIVE AND TRAINING FUNCTIONAL DISTRICT

6.4.1 Building Envelope Appearance Standards

6.4.2 Street Envelope Appearance Standards

6.4.3 Landscape Appearance Standards

6.5 COMMUNITY SUPPORT FUNCTIONAL DISTRICT

6.5.1 Building Envelope Appearance Standards

6.5.2 Street Envelope Appearance Standards

6.5.3 Landscape Appearance Standards

5.

6.

NAS WHITING FIELD • INSTALLATION APPEARANCE PLANvi

7.0 IAP PROJECTS

7.1 TOWN SQUARE

7.2 JOINT HEADQUARTERS SITE IMPROVEMENTS

7.3 RE-OPENING OF ENTERPRISE STREET

7.4 LANGLEY STREET

7.5 AUDITORIUM PLAZA

7.6 RECREATIONAL VEHICLE LANDSCAPE BUFFER

7.7 NEW CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTER

7.8 NEW SQUADRON

7.9 HOUSING COURTYARDS

7.10 NAVAL AIR PARK

APPENDIX A: SUMMARY OF FIELD WORK

APPENDIX B: REFERENCES

APPENDIX C: COLOR SCHEMES

APPENDIX D: REGULATING STANDARDS

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List of Tables Table 2.1 Historic Landmarks and Registered Buildings Table 3.1 Functional District Building Types Table 3.2 Recommended LEED-NC Credits and Prerequisites Table 3.3 Recommended LEED-ND Credits and Prerequisites Table 4.1 Lane Width Guidelines Table 4.2 Curb Radii Guidelines Table 5.1 Shade Trees for Streets, Parking Lots Table 5.2 Shade Trees for Open Spaces Table 5.3 Evergreen Trees for Accent Table 5.4 Ornamental Trees for Accent Table 5.5 Evergreen Shrubs for Screening Table 5.6 Groundcovers and Grasses Table 7.1 Town Center Table 7.2 Joint Headquarters Site Improvements Table 7.3 Re-opening of Enterprise Street Table 7.4 Langley Street Table 7.5 Auditorium Plaza Table 7.6 Recreational Vehicle Landscape Buffer Table 7.7 New Child Development Center Table 7.8 New Squadron Table 7.9 Housing Courtyards Table 7.10 Naval Air Park

List of Figures Figure ES-1 IAP Color Codes Figure ES-2 IAP Study Area Figure 1.1 NAS Whiting Field and NOLF Locations Figure 2.1 NAS Whiting Field Functional Districts Figure 2.2 NAS Whiting Field Gateways and Circulation Routes Figure 2.3 NAS Whiting Field Landmarks and Reference Points Figure 2.4 NAS Whiting Field Significant Views Figure 2.5 NAS Whiting Field Activity Nodes Figure 2.6 NAS Whiting Field Natural Environment and Open Space Figure 2.7 NAS Whiting Field Historic District Figure 3.1 Building Envelope Elements - Plan View Figure 3.2 Building Envelope Elements - Cross Section View Figure 3.3 Freestanding Building Identification Sign (Type A) Figure 3.4 Freestanding Building Identification Sign (Type B) Figure 4.1 NAS Whiting Field Master Plan Proposed Circulation Routes ....................... 52/53 Figure 4.2 Sign Components Figure 4.3 Whiting Field Functional District Color Band Assignment Figure 4.4 Proposed Site Entry Signage Figure 4.5 Street Name Identification Figure 4.6 Vehicular Directional Sign Figure 4.7 Pedestrian Directional Sign Figure 4.8 NAS Whiting Field Primary Circulation Routes Figure 4.9 Primary Street Cross Section Figure 4.10 NAS Whiting Field Secondary Circulation Routes Figure 4.11 Secondary Street Cross Section Figure 6.1 Airfield Functional District Figure 6.2 Industrial Functional District Figure 6.3 Administrative and Training Functional District Figure 6.4 Community Support Functional District

NAS WHITING FIELD • INSTALLATION APPEARANCE PLANviii

Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym Definition

ADAAG Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines AT/FP Anti-Terrorism/Force Protection BEAP Base Exterior Architecture Plan BES Building Envelope Standards BIPV Building Integrated Photovoltaic BOS Base Operating Support CFC Chlorofluorocarbon CNIC Commander Navy Installations Command CNO Chief of Naval Operations CO Commanding Officer

COL Common Operating Levels DOT Department of Transportation FEC Facilities Engineering Command FSC Forest Stewardship Council

HCFC Hydrochlorofluorocarbon IAG Installation Appearance Guide IAP Installation Appearance Plan

LEED Leadership In Energy and Environmental Design LEED-NC Leadership In Energy and Environmetanl Design-New Construction LEED-ND Leadership In Energy and Environmetanl Design-Neightborhood Development

LID Low Impact Development MUTCD Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices MWR Morale, Welfare and Recreation NAS Naval Air Station

NOLF Navy Outlying Landing Fields PCB Polychlorinated Biphenyls RBL Required Building Line ROW Right-of-Way SES Street Envelope Standards U.S. United States

UFAS Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards UFAS Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards UFC Unified Facilities Criteria

USGBC U.S. Green Building Council VOC Volatile Organic Compound

WW II World War Two

ES EXECUTIVE SUM

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Executive Summary

The design guidelines summarize the recommended design styles and elements for the Installation, which has been subdivided into functional districts. The basic process for using this document for a design project is as follows:

• Consult Figure 2.1, NAS Whiting Field Functional Districts, to determine approximate project location.

• Consult the Design Guidelines in Section 6 to determine the recommended design guidelines for major architectural and site development categories.

• Consult the appearance standards in Sections 3, 4, and 5 for more detailed design development information.

The appearance standards include instructions on the following topics:

• Building Envelopes: building design, building entrances, building renovations and additions, historic architecture, and the building color design guide

• Street Envelopes: gates, roadways and access, parking, and pedestrian circulation

• Landscape Architecture: maintenance and improvements [Common Operating Levels (COLs), focal point devices, memorials and static displays, flagpoles, plant material, signage, paving services, bollards, and fencing, utilities]

The IAP is divided into nine sections to make it quick and straightforward to find the exact entry a user may be looking for. As shown in Figure ES-1, IAP Color Codes, the sections are color-coded for easy reference.

ES-1 OVERVIEW

Coordinated with other planning documents, such as the NAS Whiting Field Master Plan, the IAP appearance standards address the appearance and design of buildings, site features, and landscape architecture on the Installation. The IAP identifies projects that contain high-impact improvements that achieve IAP and Navy-wide standards and appearance goals established in the Installation Appearance Guide (IAG) for Regions and Installations fulfilling the NAV2030 Guiding Principle of Installation Appearance. The IAP is a tool to be used as a guide to aid planners, programmers, and design professionals in preparing a variety of projects to improve the appearance of NAS Whiting Field.

ES-2 USING THIS INSTALLATION

APPEARANCE PLAN

The Installation Appearance Plan (IAP) provides direction for designing, developing, and reviewing all Installation construction and renovation projects at Naval Air Station (NAS) Whiting Field.

Sections 1, 2, and Appendix A provide a comprehensive historical background of the Installation and its existing infrastructure. The design guidelines in Sections 3, 4, and 5 provide direction that upon implementation will make NAS Whiting Field a more attractive and functionally organized Installation, and encourage creativeness in architecture, planning, landscape architecture, and streetscape design.

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ES-3 INTRODUCTION

ES-3.1 Study Purpose and Focus

The IAP implements Installation Planning Standards in Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) 2-100-01, Installation Master Planning (15 May 2012), and is aligned with the NAS Whiting Field Master Plan. This IAP provides aesthetic and functional direction for new development and renovation efforts, and encourages preservation of the Installation’s natural and historic resources. Though preservation of resources must be a high priority, the guidelines must be flexible enough to allow for renovation, expansion, or demolition of inadequate facilities that will someday be removed to make room for other mission essential facilities.

The contents of the IAP relate to the new Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) 2-100-01, Installation Master Planning, and the recently updated NAS Whiting Field Master Plan. These documents incorporate new approaches to master planning that create more connected and visually pleasing environments by coordinating development, enforcing consistent architectural themes, creating appropriate pedestrian and vehicle circulation patterns, and focusing on Installation appearance. Sections 3, 4, and 5 of the IAP reinforce NAS Whiting Field’s form based code planning in the Master Plan by establishing appearance standards and recommendations for building and street envelopes, as well as landscape design.

ES-3.2 Installation Mission The mission of NAS Whiting Field is to produce the military’s best trained “Aviation Warfighter; and to support other activities and units as designated by the Chief of Naval Operations (CNO).

ES-3.3 Study Area

NAS Whiting Field lies in central Santa Rosa County, Florida, approximately seven miles north of the city of Milton. The Installation includes 13 Navy Outlying Landing Fields (NOLFs) located in five counties inside Florida and Alabama that are within a 50-mile radius of NAS Whiting Field. The IAP addresses the main site, and does not include the NOLFs (See Figure ES-2, IAP Study Area).

1.0 Introduction 2.0

Existing Conditions Summary

3.0 Building Envelope

Appearance Standards

4.0 Street

Envelope Appearance Standards 6.0

Design Guidelines for

Functional Districts

7.0 Special IAP

Projects

5.0 Landscape Architecture Appearance Standards

FIGURE ES-1 IAP COLOR CODES

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FIGURE ES-2 IAP STUDY AREA

Lexington Cir Ranger St

Enterprise St

Enterprise St

R anger St

Langley St Ticonderoga St

Langley StYorktown St

Wasp St

Hornet St Tow Ln

Saratoga St

M ag na V illa ge

AL GA

SC

MS

FL

GULF OF MEXICO

SCALE IN FEET

4,8003,6002,4001,2000

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ES-3.4 IAP Objectives The Navy’s Installation Appearance Guide, the implementing document for installation appearance, defines ten objectives to improve the appearance of installations. The objectives below serve as a reference for Installation personnel to ensure completion of all of the required tasks.

1. Identify and strengthen the formal site planning elements at NAS Whiting Field.

2. Identify and protect the Historic District’s significant resources. Provide recommendations for maintenance of the historic resources and spaces in the Historic District. This IAP will focus on the exterior visual environment where buildings form the edges of spaces as well as the site “grounds” within the Historic District.

3. Improve wayfinding for Installation occupants, their customers and visitors by developing a hierarchy of roadways and pedestrian paths, and establishing visual wayfinding elements including signage systems.

4. Identify visual assets and liabilities on NAS Whiting Field. Provide direction to maintain assets and change liabilities.

5. Recognize and analyze the unique visual and historic districts within NAS Whiting Field boundaries to classify the built environment style and a harmonizing theme to strengthen each district.

6. Initiate a process to control the architectural style and direction for all planned and imminent construction.

7. Establish clear visual environment design guidance in a general sense and specific to individual districts.

8. Establish a process by which the guidance in the plan is routinely and effectively administered and implemented within each new modification or project.

9. Develop guidelines that apply to all built environment elements including buildings, walls, fencing, landscaping, utilities and pavements related to personnel and vehicular movement.

10. Recommend materials and construction elements that can realistically be maintained by local resources.

ES-4 EXISTING CONDITIONS SUMMARY

ES-4.1 Visual Environment This section defines the major components and terminology used in analyzing key components at NAS Whiting Field. They include functional districts, architectural styles, and circulation routes. (See Section 2.3, Visual Environment, for a more detailed discussion of the Installation’s architectural styles and components and See Appendix A: Summary of Field Work, for the visual environment surveys.)

ES-4.2 Functional Districts Individuals typically use a mental visual-spatial map that helps them navigate and interact with their environment.

We rely heavily on the visual environment and tend to organize areas into perceptual units. To visually comprehend the complexities associated with a Naval Installation with numerous structures that employs and houses large numbers of personnel, it is appropriate to subdivide the Installation into areas called functional districts.

A functional district on a Navy Installation is a geographic area or a grouping of buildings that primarily perform the same or related functions. The functional districts are based on definitions provided in the IAG. At NAS Whiting Field, there are four predominant functional districts;

Training and Administration, Community Support, Airfield, and Industrial (See Figure 2.1, NAS Whiting Field Functional Districts). The IAP functional districts are aligned with the districts identified in the NAS Whiting Field Master Plan.

Special attention should be given to enhance landscaping.

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Example of existing sidewalk with landscaping.

ES-4.3 Architectural Style NAS Whiting Field’s architecture includes a variety of materials, forms, and characteristics since many of its buildings were constructed incrementally following the initial construction of several wartime temporary structures. The most prevalent and enduring architectural style is WWII coastal frame, which communicates a casual and functional character corresponding with the NAS Whiting Field’s rural location. Good examples of this style are evident on the Chapel, Installation headquarters, and the physical fitness center. As buildings are renovated or improved, new changes should reflect the scale, material, and fenestration of this style. This IAP also recommends that building exteriors represent the theme of the district. A concise set of paint colors for building exteriors should be selected, such that when implemented over time, will yield a unifying effect to the assemblage of buildings.

ES-4.4 Circulation Routes Circulation routes determine the basis for much of what a person sees as they travel, and routes include all roads, sidewalks, and unimproved paths. The primary circulation routes, the roadways, become a framework for the organization of the Installation. Circulation routes provide physical access to all areas of the Installation and are used for wayfinding purposes.

ES-5 DESIGN GUIDELINES OVERVIEW

The guidelines in the IAP are intended to enhance and preserve the positive qualities and features of NAS Whiting Field, correct, and improve negative elements of the visual environment. This IAP is organized around three topics of Installation appearance that include the building, street, and landscape envelopes. The envelopes specifically address the three-dimensional space containing and surrounding buildings, streets, and landscape environments at NAS Whiting Field.

ES-5.1 Design Theme Analysis An overall Installation architectural theme sets the framework for guidelines and standards. This theme integrates the goals for the built environment with broader non-facility goals and objectives of the mission at NAS Whiting Field. Existing settings, buildings, and structures were analyzed to determine the factors to provide the framework for the overall theme. (See Appendix A: Summary of Field Work.) This analysis concluded:

• An overall predominant architectural style presently does not exist at NAS Whiting Field, but is reflective of the numerous additions and subtractions to its building fabric over its 60-year history.

• Predominant materials, color, and forms do exist at NAS Whiting Field, but can be integrated better between functional districts. The current materials and forms can be applied and modified in new projects to produce a more cohesive architectural style.

NAS WHITING FIELD • INSTALLATION APPEARANCE PLAN6

• Architectural character and positive visual impressions can be found in many areas of NAS Whiting Field and certain buildings carry significant functional meaning and visual presence. Careful application of the design guidelines can help unify these buildings to create a common linking theme to connect the Installation’s variety of styles.

In addition to architecture, other visual support or infrastructure elements have been evaluated. This analysis concluded:

• The primary and secondary streets are well established and provide a strong road network for the Installation. However, pedestrian and bicycle circulation needs improvement.

• The large scale landscape elements (trees and other mature vegetation including natural areas) contribute to the character of NAS Whiting Field and should be preserved wherever possible. The existing tree line along Langley and Enterprise Streets are an asset to Installation occupants and enhances their quality of life.

• Streetscape and site elements are ready for improvement. Green space, sidewalks, and trees can be added to right of ways and signage and pavers can articulate major intersections to help reduce vehicular and pedestrian traffic conflicts.

Parking areas are vast and can be broken up with landscaping, bio-swales, and porous pavers.

Pedestrian paths need to be clearly defined, especially in the Community Support and Administrative and Training Districts.

• Signage and lighting are coordinated between functional districts, but can be improved. Signage should have consistent material, font size, and color throughout the Installation. However, accent colors should vary for each functional district. Lighting should expand to major pedestrian corridors such as those connecting activity nodes.

• The environmental setting offers a great mixture of the natural and built environment. The open space and natural areas provide an opportunity for scenic views throughout the Installation.

ES-5.2 Design Theme Definition Defining a design theme for the Installation is one of the functions of this IAP. Conferring prominence to specific areas enhances orientation and wayfinding by highlighting their distinctiveness and sense of place within an overall coherent physical arrangement that visually and cognitively unifies the Installation.

Fieldwork revealed that NAS Whiting Field exhibits a compact campus core set within two airfields to the north and to the south. The road systems and placement of buildings follow a clear orthogonal pattern with a primary east-west roadway (Yorktown and Langley Streets) and a primary north-south roadway (Enterprise Street) that make for an easily comprehensible Installation for residents, personnel, and visitors. With the Headquarters, Chapel, auditorium, and physical fitness center landmarks at the intersection of the major roadways, the base exhibits a strong civic core as well.

This is reinforced by the quality and character of the architecture in this core area, which references well the vernacular of the Florida Gulf Coast.

However, the quality and character of the architecture is reduced outside the center area. Extending outwards from the core, buildings have larger set backs from the streets, are skewed from the grid of roads, and pervasive parking lots contribute to a fragmented campus structure. This, coupled with varying architectural styles and an absence of streetscape elements, creates an environment scaled to the automobile, not the pedestrian. It is the intent of the IAP to mitigate these issues and to foster a walkable environment that is pleasing to view and comfortable to walk through.

Another key attribute of the framework of the Installation is that the campus core is formal in landscape character, with less formal appearance as one moves out from the center, culminating in the natural landscape of the surrounding fields and woods. This gradient of landscape character is intermittent outside the core and incomplete at the edges of the Installation. Therefore, the IAP recommends landscape improvements that clarify that gradient, from formal at the core to completely native at the perimeter, both for its appearance and for its maintenance burden, with the highest maintenance in the core and the lowest maintenance at the perimeter.

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

NAS Whiting Field is known as the place where the future of Naval Aviation begins. The Installation is the host of 20 tenant activities and 1,200 students complete their flight training at NAS Whiting Field annually. NAS Whiting Field operates two separate airfields known as North and South Field and has a fleet of over 132 T-6’s and 119 TH-57s. North Field provides primary and intermediate flight training, and South Field is used for helicopter training. There are also 13 Navy Outlying Landing Fields (NOLFs) located in two states and five counties.

NAS Whiting Field is a part of the United States (U.S.)

Navy’s Navy Region Southeast and is responsible for an estimated 46 percent of the Chief of Naval Air Command’s total flight time and over 10 percent of Navy and Marine Corps total flight time. The U.S. Navy is dedicated to maintaining high appearance and design standards at all of its facilities, and these standards are especially important for NAS Whiting Field given its high degree of visibility and use.

Improvements to the overall visual organization and aesthetics of NAS Whiting Field will not occur by simply writing a generalized set of guidelines. Likewise, changes to the visual environment will not be positive unless they are following a prescribed format and intended direction.

Guidelines are the starting point, but the implementation of a review process that directs development must be part of the process to positively affect the Installation.

This Installation Appearance Plan is intended to cover the first few steps in the process that will eventually help improve the overall visual environment and contribute to protecting the positive elements already present.

Section 1 Introduction

This IAP is a working document that will function as a guide to physical development, while at the same time, is flexible enough to account for changing conditions, priorities, and programs. The decision making process for physical development must address site planning and design issues, as well as the financial and functional requirements of physical design and development.

Aesthetic improvements cannot be achieved on a site-by-site or problem-by-problem basis, but must be based on a master plan which is properly conceived to allow each problem to be resolved as part of a total concept.

This document is NAS Whiting Field’s official direction on facility, street, and site development. It should be used in developing, designing, and reviewing all construction and renovation projects on the Installation. The guidelines are meant to be specific enough to provide direction on how to make NAS Whiting Field a more attractive and functionally organized Installation, but they are also meant to encourage creativity in site design, planning, architecture, and landscape architecture. The guidelines do not cover all physical elements commonly addressed by facility development. They only cover those elements required to produce a historically correct design theme, where appropriate, and coherent physical arrangement of the Installation.

NAS Whiting Field installation logo

NAS WHITING FIELD • INSTALLATION APPEARANCE PLAN8

1.1 INSTALLATION MISSION AND VISION

The NAS Whiting Field mission is:

To produce the military’s best trained “Aviation Warfighter.”

The NAS Whiting Field vision is:

To effectively support the mission accomplishment of multiple tenant commands’ training of U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, Coast Guard and International students, by efficiently providing high quality installation facilities and operational services at 2 primary airfields and 13 Navy Outlying Landing Fields.

1.2 STUDY AREA

NAS Whiting Field lies in central Santa Rosa County, Florida, approximately seven miles north of the city of Milton. The 13 NOLFs are located in five counties inside Florida and Alabama that are within a 50-mile radius of NAS Whiting Field. Figure 1.1, NAS Whiting Field and NOLF Locations, shows the location of the Installation’s sites. The property owned, leased, and in easement totals over 12,000 acres.

Rotary-Wing Navy Outlying Landing Fields:

• NOLF Spencer (Florida)

• NOLF Santa Rosa (Florida)

• NOLF Harold (Florida)

• NOLF Pace (Florida)

• NOLF Site 8 (Florida)

Fixed-Wing Navy Outlying Landing Fields:

• NOLF Barin (Alabama)

• NOLF Brewton (Alabama)

• NOLF Silverhill (Alabama)

• NOLF Summerdale (Alabama)

• NOLF Evergreen (Alabama)

• NOLF Wolf (Alabama)

• NOLF Choctaw (Florida)

• NOLF Holley (Florida)

The title NAS Whiting Field will be assumed to include the main site and all NOLFs, unless specifically noted otherwise.

Vision

To effectively support the mission accomplishment of multiple tenant commands’ training of U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, Coast Guard and International students, by efficiently providing high quality installation facilities and operational services at 2 primary airfields and 13 Navy Outlying Landing Fields.

Iconic view of NAS Whiting Field Station Headquarters Building.

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FIGURE 1.1 NAS WHITING FIELD AND NOLF LOCATIONS

1.3 STUDY PURPOSE AND FOCUS

This IAP updates the previous Installation Appearance Plan Naval Air Station Whiting Field, June 2009. This IAP guides the aesthetic and functional direction for new development and renovation efforts, and it helps to protect and preserve the Installation’s natural and historic resources. Though preservation of resources must be a high priority, the guidelines must be flexible enough to allow for renovation, expansion, or demolition of inadequate facilities that may need to be removed to make room for other mission essential facilities.

1.4 STUDY METHODOLOGY

Major phases for the IAP include:

• Identify the overall project goals;

• Complete field work to determine assets, liabilities, dominant elements, perceptual districts and spatial structure;

• Develop objectives for site planning, architecture, landscape architecture, signage and lighting;

• Map perceptual districts and spatial structure;

• Map historic structures and districts;

• Map road hierarchy and structure;

• Develop specific guidelines;

• Develop examples of best practices;

Santa Rosa County

Escambia County

Escambia County

Baldwin County

Conecuh County

Covington County

Okaloosa County

ALABAMA

Gulf of Mexico

NAS

Whit ing

Field

NOLF

Harold

NOLF

Brewton

NOLF

Evergreen

NOLF

Santa Rosa

NOLF

Choctaw

NOLF

Spencer

NOLF

Site 8

NOLF

Pace

NOLF

Barin

NOLF

Wolf

NOLF

Summerdale

NOLF

Si lverhi l l

NOLF

Hol ley

FLORIDA

Mobile

Pensacola

Gulf Breeze

Milton

Stapleton

Valparaiso

For t Walton

Brewton

NAS WHITING FIELD • INSTALLATION APPEARANCE PLAN10

• Describe acceptable building materials;

• Summarize Secretary of Interior Standards to be used for Historic Districts;

• Determine maintenance processes and guidelines;

• Develop a review process at local, regional and Facilities Engineering Command (FEC) levels;

• Obtain consensus and approval on the guidelines;

1.5 GUIDELINE ELEMENTS

This IAP is written in alignment with section 3-7 Installation Planning Standards of the UFC, Installation Master Planning, 2-100-01 15 (May 2012) document. In accordance with the UFC, specific design standards have been developed for three distinct categories:

• Building Envelopes: building massing and height, placement, building entrances, building renovations and additions, historic architecture, and building materials and colors

• Street Envelopes: gates, roadways and access;

parking; pedestrian circulation; vehicular traffic-lane widths; curb radii, sidewalk and tree planting area dimensions, and on-street parking configurations

• Landscape Architecture: focal point devices, memorials and static displays, flagpoles, plant material, signage, paving services, bollards, fencing, utilities

Overall Project Objectives The IAG, defines ten objectives to improve the appearance of installations. The objectives below serve as a reference for Installation personnel to ensure completion of all of the required tasks.

1. Identify and strengthen the formal site planning elements at NAS Whiting Field.

2. Identify and protect the Historic District’s significant resources. Provide recommendations for maintenance of the historic resources and spaces in the Historic District. This IAP will focus on the exterior visual environment where buildings form the edges of spaces as well as the site “grounds” within the Historic District.

3. Improve wayfinding for Installation occupants, their customers and visitors by developing a hierarchy of roadways and pedestrian paths, and establishing visual wayfinding elements including signage systems.

4. Identify visual assets and liabilities on NAS Whiting Field. Provide direction to maintain assets and change liabilities.

5. Recognize and analyze the unique visual and historic districts within NAS Whiting Field boundaries to classify the built environment style and a harmonizing theme to strengthen each district.

6. Initiate a process to control the architectural style and direction for all planned and imminent construction.

7. Establish clear visual environment design guidance both in a general sense and specific to individual districts.

8. Establish a process by which the guidance in the plan is routinely and effectively administered and implemented within each new modification or project.

9. Develop guidelines that apply to all built environment elements including buildings, walls, fencing, landscaping, utilities and pavements related to personnel and vehicular movement.

10. Recommend materials and construction elements that can realistically be maintained by local resources.

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2.0 Existing conditions summary

This section provides an overview of existing conditions within NAS Whiting Field. It contains Installation information that outlines and describes the Installation’s current characteristics. This data is used to assess current conditions, identify assets and liabilities, and determine opportunities for improvement within NAS Whiting Field.

2.1 Historical Background

In July 2012, NAS Whiting Field celebrated its 69th year of continuous operation. What started as a vacant field in the 1940’s has become the backbone of the Navy’s flight program. During its history, NAS Whiting Field has served as a prisoner-of-war camp for German soldiers, home of the famed Blue Angels Flight Demonstration Team, and home of the Navy’s first jet training unit. Before its official commissioning, personnel were already being trained as “the world’s best aviators.” Squadron 3-B of Naval Auxiliary Air Station (NAAS) Saufley Field, Pensacola, Florida, began operations on July 1, 1943. Squadron 3-B was later joined by Squadron 3-A of Chevalier Field to form Training Squadron THREE. In only 14 weeks, NAS Whiting Field was established to fulfill the need for pilot training commands in World War II (WWII). Commissioning ceremonies for NAS Whiting Field were held July 16, 1943, in the South Field Hanger. At 11:00 A.M. that day Rear Admiral George D. Murray, Commandant of the Naval Air Training Center, welcomed 1,500 aviators and introduced Mrs.

Kenneth Whiting, the widow of Naval hero, Captain Kenneth Whiting, for whom the station was named.

The commissioning of NAS Whiting Field took place at a crucial time in American history, since only six days before the commissioning the invasion of Sicily had occurred. Throughout WWII, NAS Whiting Field’s mission was to train aviators for the fleet.

Section 2 Existing Conditions Summary

In January 1972, because of a major reorganization of the Naval Air Training Command, NAS Whiting Field became the home of Training Air Wing FIVE. In 1973, Helicopter Training Squadrons 8 and 18 were assigned to South Whiting Field. Since then, all graduates of Navy helicopter training have received their Wings of Gold certification at NAS Whiting Field.

Today, NAS Whiting Field is 100 percent complete in its transition from the T-34 aircraft to the new T-6B.

The Installation currently hosts six Training Squadrons and two Instructor Squadrons and is composed of two separate primary airfields and uses 13 NOLFs to support both primary and intermediate flight training. NAS Whiting Field is the busiest Naval air training station in the world, accounting for nearly 1.5 million annual flight operations including an annual throughput of over 1,200 primary flight training students.

NAS Whiting Field supports naval air training with the new T-6B.

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2.2 PrEvious dEsign guidElinE Efforts

Prior to this IAP, a number of plans addressed Installation appearance and design. From 1984 to 2009, new construction and redevelopment at NAS Whiting Field was governed by the Base Exterior Architectural Plan (BEAP), which provided practical guidance on improving the visual environment in the areas of exterior architecture, landscape architecture, and site features. In 2009, the first IAP was written to enhance the Installation’s identity and aesthetic qualities and provide a more consistent and appealing framework of design, colors, and materials.

2.3 visual EnvironmEnt The visual environment defines the major perceptual environment components and the terminology used in analyzing those components at NAS Whiting Field. They include Functional Districts, architectural styles, entries, landmarks and reference points, significant views, activity nodes, circulation routes, and Installation edges.

2.3.1 Functional Districts

A functional district is a geographic area or a grouping of buildings that primarily perform the same or related functions. The architectural and site appearance of each functional district should reflect its role with the Navy, but still integrate within the design theme of NAS Whiting Field’s overall design theme. The identified functional districts at NAS Whiting Field include:

• Administrative and Training

• Community Support

• Airfield

• Industrial

Figure 2.1, NAS Whiting Field Functional Districts, shows the Installation’s four functional districts.

administrative and training

Administrative and training functional districts should set the standard for appearance on the Installation.

Buildings in this district should display a very prominent architecture theme that uniquely defines the Installation. Administrative and training facilities must be flexible spaces (reconfigurable) and centrally located on Navy installations. They will be pedestrian friendly through interconnected pedestrian pathways and will include green space and park areas for visual effect and social gathering. Prominent signage must be provided to allow personnel from both on and off- Installation to easily find a specific administrative office or training facility. In some cases, administrative and training functions are located in scattered areas with elements appearing in all functional districts. When an administrative or training function is present in another district, it becomes increasingly important to adhere to the theme of the Installation to provide the sailor with visual cues to the building’s function.

This IAP updates the first IAP written in 2009.

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FIgure 2.1 NAS WhITINg FIeld FuNcTIoNAl dISTrIcTS

Lexington Cir Ranger St

Enterprise St

Enterprise St

R anger St

Langley St Ticonderoga St

Langley StYorktown St

Wasp St

Hornet St Tow Ln

Saratoga St

M ag na V illa ge

SCALE IN FEET

9,6007,2004,8002,4000

L E G E N D

AdmINISTrATIve ANd TrAININg commuNITy SuPPorT AIrFIeld INduSTrIAl nas whiting Field • installation appearance plan14

The Navy administrative area of the future will resemble a consolidated, flexible, and centrally located complex of administrative space. This concept will enhance efficiencies of NAS Whiting Field administrative and training areas through consolidating functions and demolishing old, unattractive buildings.

Administrative and training functional districts at NAS Whiting Field are composed of single and multi-story office buildings and education centers that are densely occupied by a fixed daytime workforce or students. Several distinct areas at NAS Whiting Field can be classified as administrative and training districts.

The most prominent of these is the central core encompassing the Main Administrative Headquarters (Building 1401) and the MWR building (Building 1417).

Adjacent to the south and associated with South Field is a core training area that includes a Helicopter Trainer (Building 3005), a Flight Instruction Building (Building 2977) and several general instruction facilities. To the north of the central core is another training area adjacent to North Field.

community support

The community support district consists of facilities related to support of the Sailor and their family members, generally during off-duty hours. Facilities located in this district could include Unaccompanied Quarters, Navy Lodge, Food Service, Clubs, Fire and Security Facilities, Medical and Dental Clinics, Family Services, Schools, Childcare, Youth Programs, Religious Facilities, Banks, Navy Exchange, Commissary, Library, Morale, Welfare and Recreation facilities, Pool, and Campgrounds among others.

Examples of community support at NAS Whiting Field are the block to the south of the Main Administrative Headquarters where the Fleet and Family Services Center, Police Station, and Medical/Dental Clinic are located.

Other areas of concentrated support functions include the Bachelor Housing complex (Buildings 2942, 2957 and 2958), and the athletic fields to the west of the administrative core.

Building 2977, a flight instruction facility.

Building 3044, the Navy exchange.

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Airfield

Airfield facilities are those associated with activities related to aircraft and their maintenance and support functions. Airfields contain runways, taxiways, aircraft maintenance/storage hangars, wing headquarters facilities, air operations structures, air terminal facilities, training facilities, and line-shacks, as well as fueling areas and other utility service areas.

Airfield facilities are characterized by an industrial appearance but by necessity must be maintained in a cleaner state than a typical industrial site. Airfield pavement must be well maintained and free of debris.

Because of this, landscaping is not typically placed on the air-side of the flight line. However, a minimal amount of lawn area may be placed on the air-side of an air operations or air terminal building. Landscaping on the land-side of the district should be introduced to provide a more pleasant environment

The majority of the Installation is devoted to air operations, including the North and South airfields and associated operational support facilities. Several prominent hangars (Buildings 1424, 2941, 1406, and 1454) and a number of warehouses and repair facilities are located in proximity to both airfields, as well as concentrated in the area to the northeast of the administrative core.

Industrial Industrial facilities are those associated with all manner of activities not directly aligned with either a waterfront or an airfield. These could be shipyards, ordnance handling/storage, storage warehouses, manufacturing facilities, maintenance shops, or other types of support facilities.

Industrial facilities can be characterized by a fully utilitarian appearance, with little architectural detailing or style. Temporary buildings, common to industrial areas, should be minimized as they are generally non-uniform in construction, size, and color, and generally present an unsightly appearance.

Landscaping will typically be absent from industrial districts. Extensive paving, fencing, and exterior material storage will be prevalent.

The industrial district at NAS Whiting Field has been defined as the area surrounding the Base Operating Support (BOS) and Public Works Shop, Building 1429. The area surrounding the structure is the primary industrial facility on Installation. Additional facilities are located off Saratoga Street behind the bowling alley and gas station.

The airfield functional district supports NAS Whiting Field’s air operations mission.

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2.3.2 Architecture

NAS Whiting Field has a variety of architectural styles reflective of the numerous additions and changes to its building fabric over its almost 70-year history.

Five prominent architectural styles found at NAS Whiting Field include the following:

wwii

World War II (WWII) architecture is characterized by its casual and functional elements that relate to NAS Whiting Field’s rural location. Physical characteristics of the WWII construction include symmetrical design;

verandas and porches; cupolas; wood plank siding; and soft and neutral color palettes. At NAS Whiting Field, the WWII style can be seen on the Chapel and IT&T office (Building 1417), the Physical Fitness Center (Building 3148), and the Station Headquarters (Building 1401). The two-story Installation Headquarters is the most character defining facility at NAS Whiting Field and stands out with its veranda, and the cupola/lantern marking the main entry. The building is finished in grey siding with white trim, and a grey roof. In keeping with the architecture of the period, the porch and colonnade are character defining features of the architecture.

Modern

Modern architecture is distinguished by simplification of building form and the creation of ornament from the structure and theme of the building. Attributes of this style typically include block or brick construction, flat roof, overhangs, and a red brick or tan and off-white color scheme. The style also includes massing with shallow spans to allow easy access to natural light. Examples of modern architecture at NAS Whiting Field include the squadron headquarters (Buildings 2944 and 2977) and Sikes Hall (Building 2942). These buildings are notable for their use of simple forms, red brick, tan aggregate, stucco, or concrete, and flat or low-pitch roofs. Many of the buildings in the training districts of the base are from this style, and newer additions to training districts have appropriately tried to maintain the same pool of materials to maintain similar character. Making minor modifications to key buildings of this style in order to strengthen entrance features and using similar methods for the Station Headquarters Building. Noted above, will help create a bridge between the different styles of architecture and help join the architectural fabric across the base.

Building 1401 is the Station headquarters facility and reflects the WWII style.

Building 2946, is an example of the modern style architecture at NAS Whiting Field.

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Brutalist

Brutalist architecture was derived from the modernist architectural movement and thrived from 1965 to 1980. Brutalist buildings are typically constructed with repetitive, angular geometries. Where concrete is used on buildings, the areas often reveal the texture of the wooden forms used for the in situ casting. Although concrete is the material most widely associated with Brutalist architecture, not all brutalism buildings are formed from concrete. Instead, a building may achieve its Brutalist quality through a rough, blocky appearance and through the expression of its structural materials, forms, and in some cases services on its exterior. Brutalist building materials also include brick, glass, and steel. The Auditorium Building (Building 2980), Fleet and Family Services (Building 3025), and the Police Station (Building 3026) present the Brutalism style, in which architectural structural elements are combined with raw textures and finishes. While these building are strong conceptual pieces, the style does not blend well with adjacent simple frame structures.

contemporary

Contemporary architecture features of visual expression of strong horizontal compositions, and integration of multiple building materials. This style is prominent in most of the new construction located in the administrative and training and community support functional districts. Attributes of this style include red-orange and beige brick, tan and dark brown accent colors, and standing seam metal roofs sand siding. At NAS Whiting Field, there are a number of buildings that fall into the contemporary category and include the Navy Exchange and Commissary (Buildings 3026 and 3027), which are flat roof buildings with tan striated decorative concrete block walls. The Naval Branch Health Clinic (Building 1985) and Golf Club (Building 2895) are newer structures that incorporate the brick and tan stucco and painted concrete features.

Building 2980 is NAS Whiting Field’s Auditorium facility and reflects the Brutalist style.

The Navy exchange and commissary, Buildings 3044 and 3060, are examples of the contemporary style.

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Utilitarian Light Industrial

The utilitarian light industrial style maximizes utility with the use of simple enclosures, large spans, and minimal exterior detail. It is useful for industrial and training programs that require large flexible spaces such as warehouse, industrial, and storage facilities.