BPM007303__RFP__Solicitation_Requirements__SEATs.pdf
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- Solicitation number
- BPM007303
- Issued by
- Arizona
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Solicitation Summary
This is a Request for Proposal (RFP) issued by the State of Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire Management (DFFM) for all-inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and services under Solicitation Number BPM007303. The solicitation seeks to establish one or more single-agency contracts for DFFM's sole use to provide Type 3 Single Engine Air Tankers along with fully contractor-operated equipment and services to support fire suppression operations statewide. Services include provision of aircraft, pilots, support personnel, fuel support vehicles, and all associated equipment capable of applying water, retardant, foam, gel, and water enhancers for fire suppression. Proposals are due January 2, 2026, at 3:00 P.M. Arizona Time via the Arizona Procurement Portal (APP). No pre-offer conference will be conducted. The solicitation anticipates awarding multiple contracts for both an Exclusive Use (EU) Period (typically April 15–July 24) guaranteeing 100 days of aircraft availability with no guaranteed flight time, and a Call When Needed (CWN) Period for services outside the EU timeframe. The contract term is twelve months from the effective date, with the State retaining discretion to extend in one-month or longer increments up to a maximum aggregate term of five years. The State makes no commitment regarding actual spending or flight hours under the contract.
Pricing shall be firm and fixed and must represent the contractor's best pricing for equivalent services. All costs are all-inclusive, encompassing daily availability (lodging, meals, ground transportation), flight time (including fuel), pilot duty and flight limitations, crew relief exchanges, mobilization/demobilization, and miscellaneous expenses such as landing fees and permits. Contractors must provide evidence of current Office of Aviation Services (OAS) approval for aircraft, pilots, and support vehicles prior to contract start. Aircraft must meet rigorous specifications including a minimum 800-gallon tank capacity, 6,900-pound payload capability, and IAB approval as a Type 3 SEAT. Pilots must hold FAA commercial certificates with instrument ratings, minimum 1,500 total flight hours (including specific experience in low-level flight, mountainous terrain, and fire suppressant dispensing), and either Level I or Level II OAS SEAT pilot certifications. Contractors must maintain comprehensive insurance coverage including $10,000,000 combined single limit aviation liability with passenger injury sub-limits of $2,000,000 per passenger and property coverage of $500,000. All proposed aircraft, pilots, and support vehicles must be submitted with OAS inspection documentation at time of offer submission to facilitate timely Cooperator Aircraft Approval from the Southwestern Region (R3) for use on federal lands. No minimum order commitments are guaranteed, and the State retains the right to cancel orders within a reasonable period after issuance.
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Request for Proposal under A.R.S. § 41-2534
Notice Page
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire
Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Suite 500
Phoenix, Arizona 85007
Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 8 | Revised 03-24 | Page 1 of 100
Solicitation Number: BPM007303
Description: All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
Solicitation Due Date and Time: January 2, 2026 at 3:00 P.M, Arizona Time
Pre-Offer Conference: Pre-Offer Conference will not be conducted
Proposals will only be accepted online in the “State’s eProcurement System”, Arizona Procurement Portal (APP), at https://app.az.gov until the “Bid/Offer Due Date” indicated in the “State’s eProcurement System” for the Solicitation No. shown at the top of this page. Proposals must be in the State Procurement Office’s possession online no later than that deadline.
Submit technical inquiries about navigating and/or submitting proposals in the State’s eProcurement System to the State’s eProcurement System Help Desk by phone at (602) 542-7600, option 2; or by email to app@azdoa.gov.
LATE PROPOSALS WILL NOT BE CONSIDERED. No extension or grace period will be given for delays or incomplete proposals caused by internet connectivity problems, file uploading difficulties, or misunderstanding of the requirements or procedures for online submission in the “State’s eProcurement System”.
It is the responsibility of the Prospective Offeror to routinely check the APP website for Solicitation Amendments. Additional instructions for preparing an Offer are included in this solicitation.
Persons with a disability may request a reasonable accommodation, such as a sign language interpreter, by contacting the Solicitation contact person. Requests shall be made as early as possible to allow time to arrange for the accommodation.
https://app.az.gov/ https://app.az.gov/ mailto:app@azdoa.gov
Table of Contents Request for Proposal under A.R.S. § 41-2534
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire
Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 2 of 100
Click here to return to the Table of Contents
Notice Page
Solicitation Summary 4
Scope of Work 6
Special Terms and Conditions 50
Addendum A to the Special Terms and Conditions 73
Addendum B to the Special Terms and Conditions 78
Uniform Terms and Conditions 10.5 83
Exhibits:
o Exhibit 1: Unacceptable Aircraft Lap Belt and Shoulder Harness Conditions o Exhibit 2: High Visibility Paint Schemes for SEAT Aircraft o Exhibit 3: First Aid and Survival Kit o Exhibit 4: Transportation Worksheet o Exhibit 5: AMD-23E, Aircraft Use Report o Exhibit 6: Conversion Chart, Mins To 100s o Exhibit 7: Task Order Template o Exhibit 8: Task Order Response (TORF)Template o Exhibit 9: Southwestern Region (R3) Map
Attachments:
o Attachment 1: Offer and Acceptance o Attachment 2: Confidential Information Designation
▪ Confidential Information Designation (for reference only) o Attachment 3: Conformance Statements and Exceptions Requests o Attachment 4: Key Personnel
Request for Proposal under A.R.S. § 41-2534
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire
Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 3 of 100 o Attachment 5: Letter of Insurability o Attachment 6: Organization Profile o Attachment 7: Proposed Subcontractors o Attachment 8: Experience and Capacity Response o Attachment 9: References o Attachment 10: Method of Approach o Attachment 11: Airplane Pilot Qualifications and Approval Record o Attachment 12: Equipment Information o Attachment 13: Personnel Information o Attachment 14: AC 43-9C, Airworthiness Directive Compliance Record o Attachment 15: Price List
Solicitation Summary
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire
Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 4 of 100
Solicitation Summary
1. What is the State Soliciting?
The Department of Forestry and Fire Management (DFFM) as authorized under A.R.S. § 41-2501 et seq, is seeking to establish one or more single-agency Contracts for their sole use, to provide All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services.
The State anticipates awarding contract(s) with the intent to secure service coverage statewide. Whether or not it actually enters into any contracts, how many contracts it enters into, and how the work is awarded between those contracts are all at the State’s discretion. Furthermore, the State will use any awarded contracts on an as-needed basis, with no guarantee as to its actual spending under them. This solicitation may be subject to the A.R.S. § 41-2501(EE), which exempts DFFM from A.R.S. § 41-2501 for purchases and contracts relating to wildland fire suppression and pre-positioning equipment resources and for other activities related to combating wildland fires and other unplanned risk activities.
The State reserves the right to accept any item or combination of items specified in the Solicitation, unless the Offeror expressly restricts an item or combination of items in its Offer, and conditions its response on receiving all items for which it provided a proposal. In the event of such restriction, the State will evaluate if an award on such a basis will result in the best value and is in the best interest for the State. The State may otherwise determine, at its sole discretion, that such restriction is non-responsive and deem the Offeror ineligible for further evaluation.
2. What is in the Solicitation?
2.1. At the time of publication, the following documents are included in the Solicitation:
2.1.1. Attachment: BPM007303 Solicitation Requirements
2.1.1.1. Notice / Cover Page
2.1.1.2. Table of Contents
2.1.1.3. Solicitation Summary
2.1.1.4. Scope of Work
2.1.1.5. Special Terms and Conditions
2.1.1.6. Addendum A to the Special Terms and Conditions
2.1.1.7. Addendum B to the Special Terms and Conditions
2.1.1.8. Uniform Terms and Conditions
2.1.1.9. Exhibits
2.1.2. Attachment: BPM007303 Solicitation Instructions
2.1.2.1. Special Instructions to Offerors
2.1.2.2. Standard Instructions to Offerors (RFP)
Solicitation Summary
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire
Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 5 of 100
2.1.3. Solicitation Attachments
2.1.3.1. Attachment 1: Offer and Acceptance
2.1.3.2. Attachment 2: Confidential Information Designation
○ Confidential Information Designation (for reference only)
2.1.3.3. Attachment 3: Conformance Statements and Exceptions Requests
2.1.3.4. Attachment 4: Key Personnel
2.1.3.5. Attachment 5: Letter of Insurability
2.1.3.6. Attachment 6: Organization Profile
2.1.3.7. Attachment 7: Proposed Subcontractors
2.1.3.8. Attachment 8: Experience and Capacity Response
2.1.3.9. Attachment 9: References
2.1.3.10. Attachment 10: Method of Approach
2.1.3.11. Attachment 11: Airplane Pilot Qualifications and Approval Record
2.1.3.12. Attachment 12: Equipment Information
2.1.3.13. Attachment 13: Personnel Information
2.1.3.14. Attachment 14: AC 43-9C, Airworthiness Directive Compliance Record
2.1.3.15. Attachment 15: Price List
2.2. The State may issue a Solicitation Amendment at any time after Solicitation publication and before the Offer due date. It is the responsibility of the Prospective Offeror to routinely check the APP website for any Solicitation Amendments and revised documents.
Scope of Work
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and
Fire Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 6 of 100
Scope of W ork
Scope of Work
1. Purpose and Background
1.1. The purpose of this Solicitation is to establish the State’s program for single engine air tankers (SEATs) and operators to support fire suppression operations for the Department of Forestry and Fire Management (DFFM). Contractor services shall include: an airplane; pilot and support personnel; fuel support vehicle; and, all other associated equipment as outlined in the Scope of Work. The aircraft flight services shall support water, retardant, foam, gel, and water enhancer applications for fire suppression. DFFM shall determine at its sole discretion which fire suppression application shall be used for each incident.
1.2. Acronyms
1.2.1. AD Airworthiness Directive
1.2.2. AFF Automated Flight Following
1.2.3. ANSI American National Standards Institute
1.2.4. ASM Aviation Safety Manager
1.2.5. AT Air Tractor
1.2.6. ATC Air Traffic Control
1.2.7. ATGS Air Tactical Group Supervisor
1.2.8. AV Availability
1.2.9. BLM Bureau of Land Management
1.2.10. CFR Code of Federal Regulations
1.2.11. CO Fixed Wing Operations Coordinator
1.2.12. COR Fixed Wing Operations Coordinator Representative
1.2.13. COTR Fixed Wing Operations Coordinator’s Technical Representative
1.2.14. DFFM Department of Forestry and Fire Management
1.2.15. DFFM Department of Forestry and Fire Management
1.2.16. DG Directional Gyro
1.2.17. DOT Department of Transportation
1.2.18. EP Extended Pilot
1.2.19. EPA Environmental Protection Agency
1.2.20. ET Extended Truck
1.2.21. FAA Federal Aviation Administration
1.2.22. FAHD Fire Applications Help Desk
1.2.23. FAR Federal Aviation Regulation
1.2.24. FT Flight Time
1.2.25. FWC Fixed Wing Coordinator
1.2.26. GPS Global Positioning System
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and
Fire Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 7 of 100
1.2.27. ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization
1.2.28. IFR Instrument Flight Rules
1.2.29. IRS Internal Revenue Service
1.2.30. MAP Mandatory Action Period
1.2.31. MMSB Manufacturers Mandatory Service Bulletin
1.2.32. NAFA National Aerial Firefighting Academy
1.2.33. NFPA National Fire Protection Association
1.2.34. NTSB National Transportation Safety Board
1.2.35. OAS Office of Aviation Services
1.2.36. OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer
1.2.37. PFD Personal Flotation Device
1.2.38. PIC Pilot in Command
1.2.39. POH Pilot Operating Handbook
1.2.40. POV Privately Owned Vehicle
1.2.41. Rev. Revision
1.2.42. Safecom Safety Communication
1.2.43. SC Service Charges
1.2.44. SEAT Single Engine Air Tanker
1.2.45. SEMG Single Engine Air Tanker Manager
1.2.46. STC Supplemental Type Certificate
1.2.47. TBO Time Before Overhaul
1.2.48. TORF Task Order Response Form
1.2.49. TSO Technical Standard Order
1.2.50. VFR Visual Flight Rules
2. Definitions:
2.1. Task Order: Documents issued by Department of Forestry and Fire Management (DFFM), per project, which describe specific tasks, timelines, milestones and mandatory requirements for a defined DFFM need.
2.2. Task Order Response Form: (TORF): Documents completed by Offerors in response to a Task Order that will indicate prices which will be used to select awards.
3. General Requirements
3.1. The contractor shall provide Type 3 Single Engine Air Tankers and all-inclusive services, and shall be fully contractor operated and equipped as outlined in the scope of work, and shall be inspected and approved by the Office of Aviation Services (OAS).
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and
Fire Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 8 of 100
3.2. Exclusive Use (EU) Period:
3.2.1. During the 100-day exclusive use period, Contractor shall guarantee DFFM a minimum of 100 days of availability of each aircraft. DFFM does not guarantee any flight time during this period.
3.2.1.1. EU Period is typically expected to be April 15th – July 24th, but dates may be revised to meet the needs of the agency. Date shifts may be up to two (2) calendar weeks prior to, and two (2) calendar weeks following the EU period.
3.2.2. Additional Aircraft
3.2.2.1. DFFM may identify a need for additional aircraft.
3.2.2.2. The option to provide additional aircraft will be first provided to the awarded Exclusive Use (EU) Period Contractor. If the EU Contractor is not able to provide additional aircraft, DFFM will issue a Task Order to eligible Call When Needed (CWN) Contractors accordingly.
3.2.2.3. Any additional aircraft provided shall meet the make and model requirements outlined in the Scope of Work.
3.2.2.4. All requirements, including cost, shall apply to any additional aircraft.
3.2.2.5. Additional aircrafts shall be added to this contract at DFFM’s option.
3.3. Call When Needed (CWN) Period: The Agency at its sole discretion may request CWN aircraft services which must follow the requirements below:
3.3.1. Any requests for aircraft services that fall outside of the periods described in scope of work section 3.2.1, Exclusive Use Period, shall be considered Call When Needed Periods.
3.3.2. Any aircraft received during this period shall be invoiced at the Call When Needed rates.
3.4. Contract Award:
3.4.1. The Department expects to award multiple contracts for the Exclusive Use Period and for the Call When Needed Use Period.
3.4.2. Offerors may bid on one or more Use Periods. Offeror shall identify the Use Periods included in their Offer by providing pricing for all or selected Use Periods in Attachment 15: Price List.
3.5. Task Orders:
3.5.1. All services under this contract will be solicited through a Task Order and will be subject to all requirements as outlined in the master Contract. Task Orders are issued on an as
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and
Fire Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 9 of 100 needed, as requested basis, and there are no guarantees that any company will receive any work associated with this solicitation.
3.5.2. A TORF signed by DFFM will constitute an awarded Task Order, after quote evaluation.
3.5.3. A Notice to Proceed with a Purchase Order will be issued in writing by DFFM for each TORF resulting from a Task Order. No work shall begin until receipt of a written Notice to Proceed from DFFM.
3.5.4. Each Task Order will designate a performance period. The performance period shall be established based on criteria determined by DFFM. Task Orders will contain the following information:
3.5.4.1. Task Order and Contract Number
3.5.4.2. Date of Order
3.5.4.3. Services to be rendered and SEAT quantity
3.5.4.4. Services Date(s)
3.5.5. The Contractor shall begin operations as soon as possible after a Task Order has been issued, or as directed by DFFM and as required by the Task Order.
3.5.6. Exhibit 7: Task Order Template
3.5.6.1. A standard template that is completed by DFFM and sent to awarded contractors detailing Scope of Work requirements specific to the project.
3.5.7. Exhibit 8: Task Order Response Form (TORF) Template
3.5.7.1. A standard form completed by offerors in response to a Task Order. TORFs function as bid documents by which DFFM can evaluate quotes and select an awardee.
3.6. Service Areas:
3.6.1. Contractor shall be required to provide services at DFFM and/or Federal bases, as directed by DFFM.
3.6.1.1. DFFM bases currently include Marana, AZ and Wickenburg, AZ.
3.6.1.1.1. DFFM bases may change and shall be updated through Contract Amendment.
3.6.1.2. Federal bases include Gateway, Libby, Prescott, and Winslow Air Tanker Bases.
3.6.2. Contractor shall be responsible for providing services from multiple airports throughout Arizona, as needed by DFFM.
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and
Fire Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 10 of 100
3.6.3. DFFM works with other Federal and State agencies, and may dispatch aircraft and personnel under this contract for such use.
3.6.3.1. DFFM will obtain the Cooperator Aircraft Approval from Southwestern Region (R3) for work with such agencies.
3.6.3.2. Pilots used under this contract shall meet interagency standards as a Level I or Level II SEAT pilot and be appropriately carded by OAS.
3.6.4. Aircraft shall be carded and approved for use on federal lands by OAS to be eligible for use.
3.6.4.1. The aircraft shall be inspected and approved by OAS prior to the start of the Exclusive Use or Call When Needed period.
3.6.4.2. Contractor shall submit evidence of the current inspection year OAS approval for all aircraft, pilots, and support vehicles with their offer.
3.6.4.3. Contractor shall provide DFFM with the scheduled OAS inspection date(s) for all aircraft, pilots, and support vehicles throughout the term of the Contract.
3.6.4.4. Throughout the term of the contract, Contractor shall provide copies of all annual OAS inspection carding within three (3) business days of receiving approval.
3.6.5. Contractor shall be on continuous standby duty for each day of ordered contract service, this requirement applies to both aircraft and pilots.
3.6.6. The pilot and aircraft shall maintain standby at the assigned base, unless call back standby is authorized by the State Aviation Manager or Fixed Wing Coordinator. The aircraft shall be airborne within 15 minutes of the dispatch orders being provided to the pilot unless directed otherwise by the State Aviation Manager or Fixed Wing Coordinator.
3.7. Aircraft Minimum Requirements:
3.7.1. Performance calculations based on the requirements outlined in the Scope of Work shall be for maximum cruise power and optimum altitude with 30 minutes fuel reserve.
3.7.2. Aircraft shall have a Standard and/or Restricted Airworthiness Certificate.
3.7.3. Aircraft shall be certified under 14 CFR 23 or 25.
3.7.4. An aircraft make and model for which engineering and logistical support, for continued airworthiness, is provided from the current type certificate holder or supplemental type certificate holder.
3.7.5. Visual Flight Rules (VFR), Day Only.
3.7.6. Minimum tank capacity of 800 US gallons.
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and
Fire Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 11 of 100
3.7.7. Minimum payload of 6,900 pounds with IAB approved gate system installed, 1.5 hrs. fuel and a 200 lb. pilot at 7,000ft and 30° Celsius.
3.7.8. Operational Endurance of at least one hour and 30 minutes (1.5 hours) at 75% power, with 6,900 pounds of retardant, and a 200-lb pilot.
3.7.9. Capable of takeoff as configured above at 7,000 feet pressure altitude and 30° Celsius.
3.7.10. Performance calculations shall be for maximum cruise power and optimum altitude with 30 minutes fuel reserve.
3.7.11. All firefighting equipment shall be available or installed at the time of inspection, including upon arrival to base, preflight, and OAS inspections.
3.7.12. Carded Fuel Support Vehicles equipped as outlined in the Scope of Work.
3.8. Crew Requirements:
3.8.1. One primary pilot with Level I (preferred) or Level II endorsement and one relief pilot with Level I (preferred) or Level II endorsement carded by OAS.
3.8.2. The contractor shall be responsible for providing a trained, prepared, and proficient pilot that meets the requirements of the contract.
3.8.3. One Fuel Support Vehicle driver/operator and one relief driver/operator. Contractor shall be responsible for providing a trained, prepared, and proficient Fuel Support Vehicle driver/operator that meets the requirements of the contract.
3.9. Acceptable Aircraft Types:
3.9.1. Air Tractor AT-802A, or similar.
3.10. Fuel Support Vehicle Requirements:
3.10.1. Contractor shall provide one fully operational and maintained combination Fuel Support Vehicle per aircraft.
3.10.2. Fuel Support Vehicles shall have all couplers required to interface with State and Federal equipment.
3.10.3. Fuel Support Vehicles must meet all additional requirements of the National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC) vehicle standards listed in section B8 Fuel Service Vehicle (FSV)- REQUIRED and SEAT Support Vehicle (SSV)–OPTIONAL On Call/Combined SEAT Services Contract.
https://www.nifc.gov/sites/default/files/blm/aviation/BLMseat/2024%20On%20Call- Combined%20SEAT%20Services%20Contract.docx https://www.nifc.gov/sites/default/files/blm/aviation/BLMseat/2024%20On%20Call-Combined%20SEAT%20Services%20Contract.docx https://www.nifc.gov/sites/default/files/blm/aviation/BLMseat/2024%20On%20Call-Combined%20SEAT%20Services%20Contract.docx
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and
Fire Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 12 of 100
3.11. Certification Requirements
3.11.1. The contractor shall be certificated under 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 137 “Agricultural Aircraft Operations.”
3.11.2. Any contract aircraft shall be certified under 14 CFR Part 23 and have engineering and parts manufacturing support from the original equipment manufacturer.
3.11.3. Aircraft shall also be certificated in the Restricted Category under 14 CFR Part 21.25 and 21.185 to include the special purpose of forest and wildlife conservation (fire suppression) work or certificated in a Standard Airworthiness Category under 14 CFR Part 21.187 (Multiple Airworthiness Certification.) The installation of any special equipment called for by this contract must be Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) approved.
3.11.4. The SEAT, pilot, and Support Vehicle provided under this Contract shall all be inspected and approved by OAS on an annual basis. The OAS approval shall be provided to DFFM within three (3) business days of receiving approval.
3.11.4.1. Contractor shall maintain OAS carding compliance throughout the term of the Contract.
3.11.4.2. DFFM will secure a Cooperator Aircraft Approval from Southwestern Region (R3) allow the equipment’s use on Federal lands and fires.
3.11.5. The Contractor is required to have and use a written operations manual. The manual must include the company’s standard operational procedures for each model of contracted aircraft.
3.11.5.1. At a minimum, the manual shall include the following procedures:
3.11.5.1.1. Method for calculating current aircraft weight, balance and performance based on actual loads and environmental conditions. Load calculations must be retained for 30 days
3.11.5.1.2. Procedures for identifying limitations and remaining within limitations
3.11.5.1.3. FAA approved inspection program, to include completion of 14 CFR 91 required airworthiness inspections, and approval for return-to-service in accordance with 14 CFR 43.5
3.11.5.1.4. Reporting and recording of mechanical irregularities, corrective actions and deferred discrepancies will be readily available throughout the contract period.
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and
Fire Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 13 of 100
3.11.5.1.5. Obtaining repair, preventive maintenance, and servicing of the aircraft during operations away from the contractor’s normal operating base.
3.11.5.1.6. Determining that mechanical irregularities or defects reported during previous flights have been adequately corrected/ repaired (or deferred if appropriate) before the next flight.
3.11.5.1.7. Fueling the aircraft including the detection of fuel contamination, and protection from fire (including electrostatic protection) including detailed procedures for any hot/rapid refueling program.
3.11.5.1.8. Complying with flight manual “emergency procedures” and reporting abnormal conditions or potentially unsafe conditions.
3.11.5.1.9. Continuity of operations. Procedures for when personnel, aircraft or equipment become unavailable.
3.11.5.1.10. One copy of the manual must be maintained at the operator's principal operations base. Additional copies shall be readily available to pilots and support personnel while on contract away from the base.
3.11.5.1.11. Offeror shall submit one (1) complete electronic copy of the Contractor’s operations manual with their offer. The document shall remain part of the Contract. Contractor shall notify DFFM of any changes made to the manual and shall provide an updated copy to DFFM within ten (10) calendar days of implementation, as applicable.
3.12. Training, Recruitment, and Retention Program Requirements
3.12.1. The Contractor is required to establish and implement a training program for pilots and support personnel that satisfies the requirements of this contract and ensures that each pilot and support person is adequately trained to perform their assigned duties.
3.12.2. This training program must have written initial and recurrent training curriculums.
3.12.3. Personnel shall be required to perform the required training on an annual basis. Offers shall submit evidence of recurring training with their offer submission and on an annual basis upon completion.
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and
Fire Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 14 of 100
3.12.4. One complete copy (an electronic copy is acceptable) of the Contractor’s training, recruitment and retention program is required to be submitted with offer submission and will remain as part of the Contract.
3.13. Equipment Condition Requirements
3.13.1. All furnished aircraft, vehicles, and other equipment shall be operable, free of damage, and in good repair in accordance with the requirements outlined in Exhibit 1:
Unacceptable Aircraft Lap Belt and Shoulder Harness Conditions.
3.13.2. Aircraft shall remain in an airworthy condition, and systems and components shall be free of leaks except where specified by the manufacturer.
3.13.3. Prior to inspection and acceptance, the Contractor shall permanently repair or replace all windows and windshields that have been temporarily repaired.
3.13.3.1. All windows and windshields shall be continuously maintained and shall be clean and free of scratches, cracks, crazing, distortion, or repairs which hinder visibility.
3.13.4. The aircraft interior shall be clean and orderly with no unrepaired tears, rips, or other damage.
3.13.5. The aircraft exterior finish, including the paint, shall be clean, neat and in airworthy condition.
3.13.6. Any corrosion on the aircraft shall be within FAA acceptable limits.
3.13.7. The aircraft shall be free of chemical odor and residue.
3.13.8. The entire aircraft, including hopper tanks, shall be rinsed with a neutralizer prior to the Exclusive Use Period and ahead of any OAS inspection.
3.13.8.1. One acceptable product would be “Wipe OUT” by Helena Chemical Co.
or approved equal
3.14. Aircraft Equipment Requirements
3.14.1. The Contractor shall provide fully compliant aircraft equipped with the following:
3.14.1.1. Instruments, as required by certification and in accordance with 14 CFR Parts 91.205 (DAY VFR.)
3.14.1.2. The following additional instruments shall be installed, operable and airworthy:
3.14.1.2.1. Gyroscopic or digital rate-of-turn, slip/skid indicator (turn and bank) or gyroscopic or digital artificial horizon.
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and
Fire Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 15 of 100
3.14.1.2.2. Directional Gyro (DG), or digital, or a Vertical Card Compass designed and manufactured in accordance with a technical standard order (TSO) authorization.
3.14.1.2.3. Free air temperature indicator.
3.14.1.2.4. Rate-of-climb indicator.
3.14.1.2.5. Landing lights.
3.14.1.2.6. White wing-tip strobe lights.
3.14.1.2.7. High visibility, pulsating, forward facing, conspicuity lighting. One source for this equipment may be Field Support Services, 770-454-1130.
3.14.1.2.8. For loading, 3-inch male Kamlock couplers (Mil C 27487 or approved equal) accessible from both sides of the aircraft (i.e. load from either side.)
3.14.1.2.9. One 1 ½ inch female National Hose Thread and one 2 ½ inch female National Hose Thread adapters to 2 inch and 3-inch male and female Kamlock couplers must be carried on board the aircraft.
3.14.2. The Pilot in Command (PIC) shall ensure the following equipment is current, operable, and accessible at the pilot station:
3.14.3. Approved Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) including performance charts as appropriate.
3.14.4. Cockpit checklist containing the following procedures:
3.14.4.1. Prefight:
3.14.4.1.1. Before starting engines
3.14.4.1.2. Before drop
3.14.4.1.3. After drop
3.14.4.1.4. Before takeoff
3.14.4.1.5. Before landing
3.14.4.1.6. Cruise
3.14.4.1.7. After landing
3.14.4.1.8. Stopping engine
3.14.4.1.9. Removal/Disabling of Locking Devices
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and
Fire Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 16 of 100
3.14.4.2. Emergencies:
3.14.4.2.1. Fuel
3.14.4.2.2. Hydraulic
3.14.4.2.3. Electrical
3.14.4.2.4. Mechanical
3.14.5. Current aviation sectional charts covering area of operations in either paper or electronic form.
3.14.6. Each aircraft shall carry a loading graph chart to determine the appropriate retardant/suppressant load capability for the environmental conditions present within authorized maximum weight limits for that specific aircraft.
3.14.6.1. The chart shall not supersede any FAA approved or recognized manuals or charts.
3.14.6.2. The chart shall remain in the aircraft and be accessible to the pilot during loading operations.
3.14.7. The Contractor shall maintain a copy of the contract and all modifications in each contract aircraft throughout the life of the contract (paper or electronic).
3.15. Aircraft Tank and Apparatus for Fire Suppressant Materials
3.15.1. The tank shall have a computer/electronically controlled gate/door system that allows the volume of the tank to be released in the selected drop configurations including full salvo, reduced flow/extended trail, or partial tank (split) drops.
3.15.1.1. Minimum fluid opening shall be 350 square inches, with appropriate tank venting for the applicable tank capacity.
3.15.1.2. Control may be mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, or a combination.
3.15.1.3. The pilot operated switch (retardant release switch) location shall be standardized across the Contractor’s fleet of aircrafts provided under this Contract.
3.15.2. All systems shall have an emergency dump feature which enables the pilot to drop the load in less than six seconds.
3.15.2.1. The emergency dump feature shall be operated by the standard or existing “dump handle”, which is the lever normally used for operating the gate during the application of dry material, in a single, one step operation.
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and
Fire Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 17 of 100
3.15.3. Isolated pneumatic or hydraulic pressure emergency systems so that function or failure of the normal system pressure does not affect the emergency system pressure.
3.15.4. Emergency systems dependent on normal operating systems for initial charge shall have a pressure gauge or indicator readily visible to the crew.
3.15.5. Emergency systems dependent on pre-charged bottles shall have a positive means of checking system charge during preflight.
3.15.6. The primary emergency dump control shall be positioned within accessible reach of the pilot while strapped in their seat. Electrically operated controls shall be wired directly from a source of power isolated from the normal aircraft electrical bus and shall be protected by a fuse or circuit breaker.
3.15.7. A Kamlock coupler which allows the aircraft tank contents to be offloaded through it.
3.15.8. The tanks and all operating mechanisms shall be Original Aircraft Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) as listed on the type certificate or other approved data or installed in accordance with a FAA STC or FAA field approval. All dispensing equipment shall be maintained in accordance with 14 CFR Part 43.
3.15.9. Prior to DFFM’s initial inspection and at least annually thereafter, the Contractor shall inspect all tanks and dumping systems, including all associated tubing and electrical systems.
3.15.10. Offerer shall provide at least one Type 3 SEAT aircraft that is IAB approved or interim approved as a Single Engine Air Tanker.
3.15.10.1. The complete IAB document can be found at:
https://www.nwcg.gov/committees/interagency-airtanker-board
3.15.11. As a part of these inspections, the Contractor shall perform a leak test by filling the tanks to their capacity with water.
3.15.12. Tanks shall be in leak free condition throughout the period of performance.
3.16. Aircraft Marking
3.16.1. The aircraft shall have a high visibility White and Red paint scheme, conforming to the national standards as listed in Exhibit 2: High Visibility Paint Schemes for SEAT Aircraft.
3.17. Tail Numbers
3.17.1. The assigned tanker number shall be displayed on both sides of the vertical stabilizer and/or rudder. The numbers shall be no less than 12 inches high with the format and spacing the same as aircraft “N” number (ref 14 CFR Part 45.29.)
4.
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and
Fire Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 18 of 100
4.1. Fire Extinguishers
4.1.1. One handheld bottle, minimum 2-B-C rating must be mounted and accessible to the flight crew while seated. The fire extinguisher(s) must be maintained in accordance with National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 10, Standards for Portable Fire Extinguishers or the Contractor’s operations manual.
4.2. First Aid Kit & Survival Kit
4.2.1. A survival kit containing items specified Exhibit 3: First Aid and Survival Kit shall be carried aboard the aircraft on all flights and shall be included in weight and balance load calculations.
4.2.2. A first aid kit containing items specified in Exhibit 3: First Aid and Survival Kits shall be carried aboard the aircraft on all flights.
4.3. Avionics Requirements
4.3.1. Each aircraft shall be equipped with the following minimum avionics, which shall be installed and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications and the installation and maintenance standards outlined in the Scope of Work.
4.3.2. Detailed avionics systems performance requirements are listed FS/OAS A-24, Avionics operational test standards for contractually required/offered equipment available through the NIFC website:
https://www.nifc.gov/sites/default/files/NIICD/docs/avionics/FSOAS_A24F.pdf
4.4. Avionics Installation and Maintenance Standards
4.4.1. Strict adherence to the recommendations in FAA AC 43.13-1B Chapter 11, “Aircraft Electrical Systems,” and Chapter 12, “Aircraft Avionics Systems,” as well as AC 43.13- 2B Chapter 1, “Structural Data,” Chapter 2, Communication, Navigation and Emergency Locator Transmitter System Installations, and Chapter 3, “Antenna Installation”.
4.4.2. All avionics systems requiring an antenna shall be installed with a properly matched, aircraft certified antenna, unless otherwise specified.
4.4.2.1. Antennas shall be polarized as required by the avionics system and have a forward/reflected Voltage Standing Wave Radio (VSWR) ratio of 3.0 to 1 or better.
4.4.3. Although the aircraft is not required to be certified for flight under instrument rules (IFR,) the aircraft’s static pressure system, altimeter instrument system, and automatic pressure altitude reporting system shall be maintained in accordance with the IFR requirements of 14 CFR Part 91.411 and inspected and tested every 24 calendar months, as specified by 14 CFR Part 43, appendices E and F.
https://www.nifc.gov/sites/default/files/NIICD/docs/avionics/FSOAS_A24F.pdf
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and
Fire Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 19 of 100
4.4.4. Transmitters shall not open squelch on, or interfere with, other AM or FM transceivers in the aircraft which are monitoring different frequencies. “Transmit Interlock” functions shall not be used with communication transceivers.
4.4.4.1. Avionics equipment shall not be mounted under seats designed for deformation during energy attenuation. In all instances, the designated areas for collapse must be protected.
4.5. Communications Systems Requirements
4.5.1. One (1) automatic portable/automatic-fixed or automatic-fixed 406 MHz Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT/AP or ELT/AF) meeting FAA TSO-C126 and COSPAS/SARSAT specifications, shall be installed per the manufacturer’s installation manual in a conspicuous or marked location.
4.5.1.1. The ELT shall be currently registered with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), or the national civil aviation authority with which the aircraft is registered and include a 121.5 MHz homing beacon.
4.5.1.2. ELT antennas shall be mounted externally to the aircraft unless installed in a location approved by the aircraft manufacturer.
4.5.2. Two (2) panel-mounted VHF-AM (VHF-1, VHF-2) aeronautical transceivers, each having a minimum of 760 channels covering 118.000 to 136.975 MHz, both with channels selectable in no greater than 25 kHz increments, and a minimum of 5 watts carrier output power, must be installed in the aircraft. Each transceiver’s operational controls must be mounted in a location which is readily visible and accessible to the pilot.
4.5.3. One (1) P25-compliant VHF-FM aeronautical transceiver (FM-1) which provides selection of both narrowband analog (12.5 kHz) or narrowband digital (12.5 kHz) operation on each of a minimum of 100 channels. The transceiver’s operational controls shall be located and arranged so that the pilot, when seated, has full and unrestricted movement of each control without interference from clothing, the cockpit, or the flight controls.
4.5.3.1. The transceiver’s operational frequency range shall include the band of
136.000 MHz to 173.9975 MHz. The operator(s) shall be able to program any usable channels within that band, along with any required CTCSS tones, National Access Codes (NAC’s), or Talk Group ID’s (TGID’s), while in flight. The transceiver shall also incorporate a separate, programmable GUARD receiver, with accompanying GUARD transmit capability. Unless instructed by the Government for use on a specific project, all frequencies programmed for use under this Contract shall be in the narrowband analog mode.
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and
Fire Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 20 of 100
4.5.3.2. Carrier output power for the transceiver must be 10 watts nominal value (original design specifications.) The transceiver shall be capable of displaying receiver and transmitter operating frequency, alpha-numeric channel labels, and shall provide both receiver and transmitter activation indicators for MAIN and GUARD. Simultaneous monitoring of both MAIN and GUARD receivers is required. Scanning of the Guard frequency is not acceptable.
4.5.3.3. Prior to any commencement of work, Contractor shall program the transceiver with the narrowband analog GUARD with “receive” and “transmit” frequencies of 168.625 MHz, with a 110.9 Hz CTCSS tone on transmit only.
4.5.3.4. The following models of VHF-FM aeronautical transceivers are known to meet the listed requirements:
4.5.3.4.1. COBHAM: Formerly-NAT (Northern Airborne Technology)
NPX-136D-070
4.5.3.4.2. Technisonic: TDFM-136, TDFM 136A, TDFM 136/NV, TDFM
136A/NV, TDFM 136B, TDFM 136B/NV.
4.6. Automated Flight Following (AFF) Requirements
4.6.1. One (1) satellite-based aircraft tracking hardware compatible with the Agency’s Automated Flight Following (AFF) aircraft hardware compatible with the AFF tracking network (https://aff.gov.) The contractor shall ensure that the aircraft hardware offered is compatible with AFF as not all available satellite-based tracking systems are known to be compatible with the AFF program or to meet AFF’s requirements. Offerors shall contact the AFF Help Desk directly for questions related to compatibility requirements.
4.6.1.1. The Help Desk is available through: https://www.aff.gov.
4.6.2. The AFF aircraft hardware shall be powered by the aircraft’s electrical system, installed per the manufacturer’s installation manual, and remain operational in all phases of flight. AFF aircraft hardware shall utilize as a minimum: Satellite communications, an externally or internally mounted antenna, provide data to the AFF viewing software, use aircraft power via a dedicated circuit breaker for power protection and be mounted to not endanger any occupant from AFF aircraft hardware during periods of turbulence. Antennas shall be placed where they are determined to have the best view of the overhead sky as possible. Externally mounted antennas are recommended to improve system performance. Any AFF manufacturer required pilot display(s) or control(s) will be visible/selectable by the pilot(s). Remote equipment having visual indicators shall be mounted in such a manner as to allow visual indicators to be easily visible.
https://www.aff.gov/
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and
Fire Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 21 of 100
4.6.3. AFF communications shall be fully operational in all 50 states.
4.6.4. The contractor shall maintain any applicable subscription services required to ensure active AFF position reporting for satellite tracking via the AFF viewing software.
Position reporting intervals shall be every two (2) minutes while the aircraft is in flight.
The contractor shall register their AFF aircraft hardware through https://www.aff.gov and shall provide the following information: Complete tail number; manufacturer and serial number of the AFF transceiver; aircraft make and model; and Contractor contact information. If the Contractor relocates any previously registered AFF aircraft hardware into another aircraft, then the Contractor shall be responsible for contacting the AFF Program to register the appropriate changes prior to aircraft use. The contractor shall ensure that the correct aircraft information is indicated within AFF for all use cases. The contractor shall contact the AFF with any system changes, scheduled maintenance, and planned service outages, as applicable. Aircraft registration instructions and additional information can be accessed by selecting the HELP page available at: https://www.aff.gov.
4.6.5. Prior to the aircraft’s annual contract inspection and throughout the life of the Contract, the Contractor shall ensure compliance with all AFF systems requirements.
The contractor shall also perform an operational check of the system. As a minimum, the operational check shall include confirmation the aircraft being tested is displayed in AFF (indicating it is currently transmitting date to AFF) and that all information displayed in AFF is current. A username and password are required to access AFF. Log on to the AFF website at htps://www.aff.gov to request a username and password by selecting the HELP page and following instructions there.
4.6.6. If AFF becomes inoperable/unreliable the aircraft may, at the discretion of DFFM, remain available for service utilizing radio/voice system for flight following. Contact the AFF help desk via telephone at 866-224- 7677 or 616-323-1667 ONLY in the event of an AFF outage. The contractor shall return the AFF system to full operational capability within 72 hours after the inoperative/unreliable unit is first discovered as defective.
4.7. Navigational Systems Requirements
4.7.1. One (1) permanently installed, panel-mounted global positioning system (GPS-1) utilizing a fixed external aircraft antenna and powered by the aircraft electrical system.
4.7.2. An aviation portable GPS unit (Garmin GPS Map 296/396/496 or equivalent) that is securely mounted, presents information from an overhead orientation, and is powered by the aircraft electrical system shall also be acceptable.
4.7.2.1. The GPS (permanently installed or portable) shall utilize the WGS-84 datum and reference latitude and longitude coordinates in the degrees/minutes/decimal minutes (DM) mode for aircraft positioning.
http://www.aff.gov/ https://www.aff.gov/ http://www.aff.gov/
Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and
Fire Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 22 of 100
The GPS navigation database shall be updated annually covering the geographic areas where the aircraft will operate.
4.7.2.2. Portable units designed for road use shall not be permitted.
4.8. Audio Systems Requirements
4.8.1. One (1) audio control system equipped with controls for selection and operation of all installed transceivers via a single set of jacks through which the helmet mounted noise cancelling microphone and earphones are connected.
4.8.2. Transmitter selection controls must be provided for the microphone/PTT inputs. The system must be configured so the pilot may simultaneously select and utilize a different transmitter via their respective microphone/PTT and single set of jacks through which the helmet-mounted, noise-cancelling microphone and earphones are connected.
4.8.3. Receiver controls must be provided for the pilot to select audio from one or any combination of available receivers.
4.8.4. The audio system(s) controls must be located and arranged so that the pilot, when seated, has full movement of their respective controls without interference from their clothing, the cockpit structure, or the flight controls.
4.9. Transponder Requirements
4.9.1. One (1) Air Traffic Control ATC transponder and altitude reporting system which complies with the requirements of 14 CFR Part 91.215 (a) and (b.)
4.9.2. Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B) Requirements
4.9.2.1. All aircraft shall be equipped to comply with the ADS-B OUT requirements of 14 CFR 91.225. ADS-B OUT systems shall be approved to either TSO- C154c (978MHz Universal Access Transceiver [UAT]) or TSO-C166b (1090MHz Extended Squitter [1090ES]).
4.9.2.2. ADS-B IN system is required. The system shall be TSO-approved, receive both UAT and 1090ES, and be interfaced to a multifunction display (MFD) capable of displaying TIS-B traffic and FIS-B weather.
4.9.2.3. All furnished ADS-B OUT systems shall allow the pilot the capability to edit the aircraft flight ID in the cockpit without the need for additional tools or equipment. The Contractor shall ensure the pilot is trained to change the aircraft flight ID when requested by DFFM personnel. All flight ID changes must comply with 14 CFR 91.227(d)(7).
4.9.2.4. Two (2) circuit breaker-protected USB charging ports for powering EFBs, GPS devices, tablets, etc. The ports shall be approved under TSO-C71, Solicitation No. BPM007303 All-Inclusive Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) and Services
State of Arizona Department of Forestry and
Fire Management Procurement Services
1110 West Washington, Solicitation Requirements | Revision No. 9 | Revised 09-24 | Page 23 of 100 each be equipped with USB connectors, each providing a maximum of 2.1A power at 5VDC and mounted in a location convenient to the pilot and copilot/observer positions.
4.10. Pilot Requirements and Authority
4.10.1. The Contractor shall furnish a pilot at minimum one (1) Level 1, or pilots, for each day the aircraft is required to be available. The pilot shall have the authority to represent the Contractor in all matters, except changes in price and time unless the DFFM State Aviation Manager or Fixed Wing Coordinator (CO) approves otherwise, in writing, prior to performance
4.10.2. The Contractor must provide a qualified relief pilot that is available to perform duties on the primary pilot’s scheduled days off. The relief PIC may be either Level I or Level II qualified.
4.10.3. Primary Pilot – (required) A Pilot assigned to a specific aircraft on a specific contract.
Normally, the primary pilot will staff an aircraft all of the time that flight and duty limitations will allow. The Contractor may choose to cover an aircraft with more than one primary pilot. Costs associated with providing a primary pilot must be included in the basic availability rate.
4.10.4. Relief Pilot – (required) A pilot assigned to staff an aircraft when the primary pilot is not available.
4.11.
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