UFC 3-600-01 Fire Protection Engineering for Facilities.pdf

UFC 3-600-01

8 August 2016

Change 6, 6 May 2021

UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC)

APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED

FIRE PROTECTION ENGINEERING

FOR FACILITIES

FIRE PROTECTION ENGINEERING FOR FACILITIES

Any copyrighted material included in this UFC is identified at its point of use.

Use of the copyrighted material apart from this UFC must have the permission of the copyright holder.

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS

NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING SYSTEMS COMMAND (Preparing Activity)

AIR FORCE CIVIL ENGINEER CENTER

Record of Changes (changes are indicated by \1\ ... /1/)

Change No. Date Location 1 28 Nov 2016 Change to definition of ‘AHJ’ (paragraph 2-1.3) required modifications to paragraphs 1-7.2.2, 1-9, 9-16.1, and 9-18.5.1. Change to paragraph 9-13.1.3 was a technical change.

2 25 Mar 2018 Clarification to definitions Fire Water Demand (2-1.11) and Multi-Family Housing (2-1.26), in addition to many clarifications of requirements. Paragraphs added for Hydroelectric Generating Plants(4-20) and Navigation Locks” (4-31). Change in requirements for Liquid Oxygen (4.3-33). Army eliminated the requirement for two water storage tanks. DLA requires redundant fire pump for large risk facilities. Dry pipe systems require nitrogen.

3 10 May 2019 Added Paragraph 1-2.1.3.1 referring to new Appendix G Change Paragraph 4-14.1 to apply to all family housing.

Added Paragraph 4-46 for wildland-urban interface.

Moved Paragraph 9-2.2.2 to where it should have been located.

Clarified Paragraph 9-5.3.2 to follow NFPA 20 for run time.

Changed Paragraph 9-6.3.5 friction loss requirements.

Added Paragraph 9-19.2.3, CO detection for large spaces.

Added Appendix G, requirements for Host Nation projects in Japan.

Some changes made to clarify requirements.

4 3 Feb 2020 Added/changed requirements (9-9.3 and 9-17) to comply with 2020 NDAA.

Added 4-38.2 to allow FEMA approved Tank and Pump Systems.

Other changes added clarity.

5 24 Sep 2020 Added section 4-2, Additive Manufacturing to address 3-D printing.

Added section 4-39, Privacy Pods or Privacy Enclosures Included Lake Projects to section 4-32, Navigation Locks.

Added a requirement in section 4-32 to protect hydraulic reservoir and pumping equipment.

Added section 10-5, Communicating Space to provide clarity to the code allowances.

Made changes to Chapter 34 to simplify requirements.

Other changes were made to provide coordination, clarification, or correct formatting.

6 6 May 2021 Added the following sections: 4-7, Animal Housing Facilities; 4-8, Battery Energy Storage Systems – Lithium; and, Section 10-7 Accessible Means of Egress Updated section 4-6, Anechoic Chambers, Updated and renamed the Ordnance section (4-33) to Ammunition and Explosives (4-5) Update section 9-3.6, Pressure Regulating Valves Changed “Authority Having Jurisdiction” to “Component Fire Protection Engineer”

This UFC supersedes UFC 3-600-01, dated 26 September 2006, Change 3 and all preceding changes.

FOREWORD

The Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) system is prescribed by MIL-STD 3007 and provides planning, design, construction, sustainment, restoration, and modernization criteria, and applies to the Military Departments, the Defense Agencies, and the DoD Field Activities in accordance with USD (AT&L) Memorandum dated 29 May 2002. UFC will be used for all DoD projects and work for other customers where appropriate. All construction outside of the United States is also governed by Status of Forces Agreements (SOFA), Host Nation Funded Construction Agreements (HNFA), and in some instances, Bilateral Infrastructure Agreements (BIA.)

Therefore, the acquisition team must ensure compliance with the most stringent of the UFC, the SOFA, the HNFA, and the BIA, as applicable.

UFC are living documents and will be periodically reviewed, updated, and made available to users as part of the Services’ responsibility for providing technical criteria for military construction. Headquarters, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (HQUSACE), Naval Facilities Engineering Systems Command (NAVFAC), and Air Force \2\ Civil Engineer Center (AFCEC) /2/ are responsible for administration of the UFC system. Defense agencies should contact the preparing service for document interpretation and improvements. Technical content of UFC is the responsibility of the cognizant DoD working group. Recommended changes with supporting rationale should be sent to the respective service proponent office by the following electronic form: Criteria Change Request. The form is also accessible from the Internet sites listed below.

UFC are effective upon issuance and are distributed only in electronic media from the following source:

• Whole Building Design Guide web site http://dod.wbdg.org/.

Hard copies of UFC printed from electronic media should be checked against the current electronic version prior to use to ensure that they are current.

AUTHORIZED BY:

JAMES C. DALTON, P.E.

JOSEPH E. GOTT, P.E.

Chief, Engineering and Construction Chief Engineer U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Naval Facilities Engineering Systems Command

EDWIN H. OSHIBA, SES, DAF MICHAEL McANDREW Deputy Director of Civil Engineers DASD (Facilities Investment and Management) DCS/Logistics, Engineering & Force Protection

Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Energy, Installations, and Environment) http://www.wbdg.org/pdfs/ufc_implementation.pdf http://www.wbdg.org/ccb/browse_cat.php?o=29&c=4 http://dod.wbdg.org/

REVISION SUMMARY SHEET

Document: UFC 3-600-01, Fire Protection Engineering for Facilities

Superseding: This UFC supersedes UFC 3-600-01, dated 26 September 2006, Change 3 and all preceding changes.

Description of Changes: This update to UFC 3-600-01 clarifies many of the requirements in the 26 September 2006, Change 3, 1 March 2013 version, as well as updates references, and further coordinates the Services’ requirements. This update also coordinated requirements with consensus standards and reorganized the document to match the organization of the IBC to make it easier to use for the Architectural-Engineering Firms. New criteria for the following were added:

• Planning Section

• Definitions

• Facilities Housing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) or Remotely Piloted

Aircraft (RPA)

• Military Operations on Urban Terrain (MOUT) Trainers

• Sensitive Compartmented Information Facility (SCIF)

Reasons for Changes:

• Planning Section is to help scope projects properly and assist in ensuring the proper funding is requested

• Definitions are to help clarify requirements

• Requirements were added for UAVs to ensure the UAVs and the facility are properly protected

• Information was added for MOUTs to ensure they have the proper protection and are not provided with unnecessary requirements.

• Requirements were added for SCIFs to ensure coordination with the security requirements.

Unification Issues:

Some criteria are Service specific as it will reference a Service UFC, FC, Instruction, or Manual.

Navy Unification Issues:

• Paragraph 7-2 – The spacing allowed by the IBC for the identification of the rated wall is too large and will not be easily seen by trade personnel performing work.

Air Force Unification Issues:

• Paragraph 9-5.4.3 – This paragraph is an option allowed by code. This choice only adds a single engine driven generator and associated maintenance burden, rather than add multiple engine driven drivers and the associated maintenance burden.

• Paragraph 34-10.1.1 – There are many existing Air Force Lodging and Billeting Facilities without sprinkler protection. Requirements are different and exceed those found in minimum criteria, including NFPA 101. The requirements are unique to the Air Force and this section is needed to prevent change to Air Force facilities simply because it is different.

Army Unification Issues:

• Paragraph 4-3.4.8 – Provides additional requirements for facilities that support UAV or UAS.\4\

• /4/Paragraphs 9-6.3.2 and 9-18.2 – Requires fire protection shop drawings prepared under the immediate supervision of and sealed by a professional engineer, who must certify in writing that the system was installed as designed.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

ii iii iv v vi vii viii ix x xi xii xiii xiv xv xvi xvii xviii

FIGURES

Figure 4-1 Examples of Weather Covering

Figure 4-2 Electric Traction Elevator

Figure 4-3 Direct Plunger Hydraulic Elevator

Figure 4-4 Holeless and Roped Hydraulic Elevator

TABLES

Table 3-1 Hazardous Materials Classification

Table 4-1 Electric Traction Elevator

Table 4-2 Direct Plunger Hydraulic Elevator

Table 4-3 Holeless Hydraulic and Roped Hydraulic Elevator

Table 4-4 Separation Distance Between Outdoor Insulated Transformers and Buildings

Table 4-5 Separation Distance Between Outdoor Fluid Insulated Transformers and Equipment (Including Other Transformers)

Table 4-6 Basic Allowable Area for Tensioned-Membrane/Fabric Structures

Table 9-3 Sprinkler Design Demand and Minimum K-Factor

Table 9-4 Hose Stream Demand and Duration

Table 10-1 Supplemental Occupant Load Factors

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INTRODUCTION

1-1 SCOPE AND ADMINISTRATION.

This UFC establishes fire protection engineering policy and criteria for Department of Defense Components (DoD Components). These criteria are based on commercial requirements set forth by national insurance underwriters and may exceed minimum national code requirements. The requirements in this UFC reflect the need for the protection of life, mission continuity, and property (building or contents) while taking into account the costs of implementing the criterion and risks associated with the Facility.

These criteria have been established in the best interest of DoD.

1-2 APPLICABILITY.

General.

The provisions of this UFC are applicable to all new and existing DoD Facilities located on or outside of DoD Installations, within the United States and its territories and possessions or outside the United States and its territories and possessions, whether owned or leased, by appropriated or non-appropriated funds, or third party financed and constructed.

The provisions of this UFC are applicable to all types of Facilities and their contents, structures, whether considered permanent, semi-permanent or temporary construction, mobile and stationary equipment, civil works or military facilities, hydroelectric plants, waterfront facilities, outside storage, and shore protection for ships and aircraft. \5\As required by DoDI 4165.56, these provisions are applicable to any structure that is used to provide the same capabilities as real property acquired facilities and structures./5/

Projects outside the United States and its territories and possessions must comply with provisions of this UFC and the host nation fire protection requirements. For conflicts between this UFC and the host nation fire protection requirements, the \6\ DFPE /6/ must be consulted.

\3\For projects in Japan, see specific mandatory requirements in Appendix G: "Criteria for Projects in Japan"./3/

Acronyms, Abbreviations, Defined Terms, and Referenced Criteria.

Acronyms and abbreviations used within this UFC are defined in Appendix F. The full name of referenced criteria, codes or standards can be found in Appendix A. Terms defined in Chapter 2 are italicized in this UFC.

Fire Department Operations.

Matters relating to fire department operations, staffing and firefighting equipment are outside the scope of this UFC.

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1-3 PURPOSE.

This UFC must be used as the minimum standard for the planning and development of projects and, design, construction and commissioning documentation used for the procurement of Facilities. Examples include, but are not limited to, the development of scopes of work, DD1391 documentation, drawings, specification and request for proposals. It is the primary fire protection criteria reference document for services provided by architectural and engineering (A&E) firms and consultants in the development of both design-bid-build and design-build contracts. It is not intended to be used in lieu of detailed design documents in the procurement of Facility construction.

1-4 CRITERIA.

Federal Laws.

This UFC complies with all applicable Federal laws, including but not limited to:

UNITED STATES CODE http://uscode.house.gov/.

a. USC Title 10, Chapter 8, Subchapter II, Military Child Care.

b. USC Title 15, Section 272 Utilization of Consensus Technical Standards by Federal Agencies.

c. USC Title 15, Section 2225 Hotel-Motel Fire Safety.

d. USC Title 15, Section 2227 Fire Administration Authorization Act (also referred to as the Fire Safety Act).

e. USC Title 42, Section 4151 Architectural Barriers Act of 1968.

DoD Criteria.

UFC 3-600-01 supplements the requirements listed in UFC 1-200-01. UFC 3-600-01 supersedes NFPA and other industry standards, except where not specifically addressed by this UFC.

Features in excess of the requirements in this UFC must be approved by the \6\ Component Fire Protection Engineer (CFPE) /6/.

Where the IBC references the International Fire Code (IFC), the IFC must be replaced with NFPA 1, except where superseded by this UFC.

For leased Facilities, the criteria in this UFC must apply, unless it is determined by the DFPE it is not in the best interest of DoD. For conflicts between this UFC and the local municipal jurisdiction, the DFPE must be consulted.

http://uscode.house.gov/

Change 6, 6 May 2021

\6\ /6/ DoD Components issue specific technical guidance that expands the requirements of this UFC. For example, \6\ the Army issues engineering construction bulletins (ECB); the Navy issues interim technical guidance (ITG); and the Air Force issues guidance memorandums (AFGM) /6/.

a. For Army, Air Force, and Navy, see http://dod.wbdg.org/.

b. For Washington Headquarters Service (WHS), see WHS Building Code, http://www.wbdg.org/ccb

Where criteria are not included in this UFC, fire protection criteria must conform to the requirements of the latest editions of the National Fire Codes. Where criteria are not available from the National Fire Codes, a fire protection design analysis must be submitted to the DFPE for approval.

Standards, Codes and Guides.

Fire protection criteria must conform to the requirements of standards, codes and guides as modified or referenced in this UFC. The primary references include, but are not limited to, the most recent editions of the following:

a. National Fire Codes, published by the National Fire Protection Association

(NFPA).

b. FM Global (http://www.fmglobal.com/) Property Loss Prevention Data Sheets, as referenced by this UFC.

Note: NFPA 5000, state or local building or fire codes must not be used.

Antiterrorism and Security Standards.

Antiterrorism and security requirements noted in UFC 4-010-01, UFC 4-020-01 and other 4 series UFCs must not preclude any fire protection requirements. This UFC will be in coordination with the ATFP sections as noted in the other 4 series UFCs.

1-5 GENERAL BUILDING REQUIREMENTS.

Comply with UFC 1-200-01, general building requirements. UFC 1-200-01 provides applicability of model building codes and government unique criteria for typical design disciplines and building systems, as well as for accessibility, antiterrorism, security, high performance and sustainability requirements, and safety. Use this UFC in addition to UFC 1-200-01 and the UFCs and government criteria referenced therein.

http://dod.wbdg.org/

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1-6 REFERENCES AND DATES OF PUBLICATION.

General.

Appendix A contains a list of references used in this document. The publication date of codes or standards are not included in this document. Unless modified by UFC 1-200- 01, this document or the applicable contract, the latest available issuance of a reference must be used.

Project Delays.

For projects that have a delay, as defined in UFC 1-200-01, the DFPE has the responsibility to determine if design revisions are required based on an analysis performed by the Qualified Fire Protection Engineer (QFPE).

1-7 FIRE PROTECTION ENGINEERING SERVICES.

General.

Major Projects require the design, review and oversight services of a QFPE.

A QFPE must be involved in every aspect of the design, construction and testing/commissioning as it relates to fire protection and life safety. This includes, but is not limited to, building code analysis, life safety code analysis, design of automatic fire alarm, detection and suppression systems, water supply analysis, a multi-discipline review of the entire project, construction inspections and witnessing of fire protection acceptance testing/commissioning.

Note: Utilization of multiple QFPEs on the same project is permitted, but not preferred.

This requirement is applicable to engineering services for design-bid-build projects as well as all phases of design-build projects including RFP development, design development, and construction.

For the purpose of this UFC, the QFPE must submit, upon request, a written copy of their resume indicating education, professional registration and work experience, along with a letter attesting to their compliance with the requirements of this Section. The letter must include an imprint of their professional engineering stamp with signature.

Fire Protection Design Analysis and Life Safety Plans.

A fire protection design analysis and life safety plans must be provided for all Major Projects and must address the fire protection requirements of the project as required by this UFC. The fire protection design analysis and life safety plans must be submitted with the initial design submission, separate from other disciplines. The final design analysis and life safety plans must be signed and sealed by the QFPE.

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Note: When directed by the DFPE, projects with little or no fire protection considerations may not require a fire protection design analysis or life safety plans.

Fire Protection Design Analysis.

Where applicable, discuss the following minimum fire protection provisions (include required vs. provided):

a. Identification of all fire protection and life safety related codes and standards applicable to the project, including the edition. This includes Host Nation requirements.

b. Building code analysis (e.g., type of construction, height and area limitations, building separation, exposure protection, etc.).

c. Classification of occupancy (both IBC and NFPA 101).

d. Requirements for fire walls, fire barriers, fire partitions, smoke barriers and smoke partitions, compartmentation and special hazard protection (both horizontal and vertical). Include the associated fire resistance rating.

e. Requirements for protection of horizontal and vertical penetrations and openings as well as the associated fire resistance rating.

f. Separation from hazards per NFPA 101.

g. Interior finish ratings.

h. Means of egress provisions and components (occupant load, exit capacity, exit width, travel distance, common path of travel, dead-end corridors, use of suites, etc.).

i. Water supplies, water distribution, location of fire hydrants, Fire Flow calculations.

j. Location of fire department connections (FDCs).

k. Location of post indicator valves (PIVs) and other control or isolation valves.

l. Analysis of automatic sprinkler and suppression systems and protected areas. Include supporting calculations used to establish system performance requirements such as hydraulic analysis of water demand or agent concentration and quantity.

m. Standpipe systems.

n. Portable fire extinguishers.

o. Fire detection (the type of detection and type/location of detectors).

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p. Fire alarm system (the type of alarm system, location of the fire alarm equipment and mass notification).

q. Smoke management or control methods.

r. Connection to and description of base Fire Alarm Reporting System.

s. Coordination with security and antiterrorism requirements, including connection to Installation-wide Mass Notification System.

t. Fire department access.

u. \6\ CFPE /6/ approved equivalencies \1\/1/ (see the paragraph entitled "Equivalencies" below).

v. For projects not within the United States or its territories, identify code/criteria conflicts and \6\ CFPE /6/ approved design solutions\1\ or/1/ equivalencies \1\/1/to DoD or Host Nation criteria necessary to resolve.

The analysis must also identify the associated impact on project cost.

w. Initial, or draft, integrated performance verification and testing plan(s) where multiple systems across multiple trades rely on an integrated operation to perform the desired result.

Life Safety.

Where applicable, the following minimum fire protection provisions must be included on the life safety plans:

a. All minimum fire protection provisions listed above, on a separate code summary sheet.

b. Capacity and number of occupants using each major means of egress component (e.g., stairs, stair doors, exterior doors, assembly exit doors).

c. Maximum travel distance, dead-end corridor, common path of travel, accessible means of egress and exit components for each floor and occupancy classification. When suites are used, indicate type, location, area and arrangement.

d. IBC and NFPA occupancy classification of each room, area or compartment (on the drawings or in tabular form). Include occupant load of each room, area or compartment. Similar occupancies can be grouped together for occupant load calculations.

e. Location and rating of all fire walls, fire barriers, fire partitions, smoke barriers and smoke partitions (both horizontal and vertical). Barriers requiring fire resistance rated supporting construction must be specifically identified for coordination with the structural design.

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f. Location of hazardous materials storage, handling and use that exceed the maximum allowable quantities.

g. Structural fireproofing locations and associated ratings.

Code Compliance Plans.

Code Compliance Summary Sheet.

Provide the building code and life safety code analyses included in the \4\ fire protection design analysis/4/. Specifically call out any approved criteria exemptions. For projects outside the United States and its territories and possessions, identify code/criteria conflicts and proposed design solutions to resolve.

Code Compliance Site Plan.

Where applicable, the following minimum fire protection provisions must be included on the Code Compliance Site Plan:

a. Line of encroachment identifying assumed property lines and minimum separation distances from adjacent buildings.

b. Building perimeter used for frontage increases.

c. Fire department access.

d. Fire lane width, marking and locations, approach roads and turn radius and location.

e. Type and quantity of antiterrorism secure access.

f. Intended fire department main entrance to facility.

g. Location of fire department connections.

h. Fire hydrants, post indicator valve or valves and their connected water distribution mains serving facility.

i. Fire pump room.

j. Water storage tanks.

k. Hazardous material spill containment\6\ /6/.

l. Backflow prevention assembly or assemblies serving water-based fire protection systems (if located outside of building).

Preliminary Hydraulic Analysis.

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Prepare a preliminary hydraulic analysis to demonstrate that the anticipated water demand(s), including those for fire, domestic, and industrial needs, will be satisfied by the available water supply. This analysis must include an estimate for the minimum required capacity of water, along with minimum volumetric waterflow rate and water pressure, with all assumptions clearly defined and referenced and must demonstrate that the available water supply is capable of meeting the required water demands in any project. Include a graphical analysis of the relationship between the Fire Water Demand and the available water supply.

For design-build projects, prepare the preliminary hydraulic analysis prior to advertisement of the request for proposal.

Final Design Submission.

The QFPE must review the complete 100 percent design drawings and specification submission (all disciplines) and document in writing that the design is in compliance with this UFC and all applicable fire protection and life safety design criteria. The review must provide verification that all items listed in the design analysis are correctly shown on the drawings and in the specification and list any approved equivalencies or deviations from this UFC. This design compliance document must be submitted with the final design submission as part of the design analysis and must bear the signature and professional seal of the QFPE.

Host Nation.

For projects outside the United States and its territories and possessions, a Host Nation Code Compliance certification must be performed by a Host Nation fire protection consultant. For each item of conflict or nonconformance with the Host Nation codes, the certification must include the following:

a. Item of conflict.

b. Translation of Host Nation requirement to the English language.

c. Recommended resolution.

d. Additional costs, both engineering effort to prepare the design modification and estimated construction costs.

1-8 EQUIVALENCIES.

Alternative design approaches proposed as equivalencies to established criteria must be approved by the \6\ CFPE /6/. Requests for approval must include written justification for the deviation from established criteria and demonstrate how the proposed alternative solution provides an equivalent level of fire protection and life safety. Requests must also include hazard analysis, compensatory features, comparative cost analyses (first cost and life cycle cost), criteria used, and other pertinent data. Lack of funds is not considered sufficient justification for an equivalency to established criteria. Approved equivalencies and alternatives apply only to the

Change 6, 6 May 2021 specific Facility or project involved, and do not constitute blanket approval for similar cases.

1-9 EXEMPTIONS.

Exemptions to established criteria must be submitted to the \1\Service Signature Authority/1/ for determination. The exemption must demonstrate that the criteria cannot be technically executed, or execution of the criteria will increase a hazard or create a new hazard and no technical alternatives exist. Written request for exemptions must include justification, hazard analysis, cost comparison, alternatives considered, and other pertinent data. Lack of funds or cost savings are not considered sufficient justification for deviation from established criteria. Exemptions will only apply to the specific Facility or project involved and do not constitute blanket approval for similar cases. Exemptions must follow the process outlined in MIL-STD-3007.

1-10 PERFORMANCE-BASED FIRE SAFETY DESIGN.

General.

The use of performance-based fire safety design methods may only be permitted upon authorization by the \6\ CFPE /6/.

Performance-based fire safety design must comply with the procedures, provisions and applicable requirements of Appendix C.

Note: Appendix C is in accordance with the performance-based option of NFPA 101 and the performance-based fire safety design approach of the Society of Fire Protection Engineers (SFPE), Introduction to Performance-Base Fire Safety.

A QFPE must perform the performance-based fire safety design.

Application.

Performance-based fire safety design methods may not be used to eliminate required exiting requirements of NFPA 101, nor may it be used to eliminate automatic sprinkler systems required by DoD criteria.

The use of performance-based fire safety design will only be considered for the following:

Existing facilities where it is not feasible to meet prescriptive requirements of this UFC.

New facilities for which established prescriptive criteria does not exist.

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1-11 FIRE PROTECTION DURING CONSTRUCTION.

Contract specifications must reference the USACE Engineering Manual (EM), EM-385- 1-1 and NFPA 241 and must contain the requirement that the Installation’s fire regulations be followed.

1-12 PLANNING\2\ (CONTRACT DOCUMENT DEVELOPMENT)/2/.

General.

The criteria in this UFC must be used in project planning or the development of projects \2\and contract documents/2/. The information in this section must be reviewed during the planning phase to verify that adequate Installation infrastructure exists.

It is DoD’s responsibility to determine whether or not the Installation infrastructure is adequate to support the project.

Note: Examples of infrastructure include water supply and fire department access.

The requirement for a QFPE must be included in the statement of work for design services as well as design/build services.

Installation Water Supply.

The quantity of water required is equal to the greater of the largest Fire Water Demand or Fire Flow for the required duration. This quantity represents fire water supply requirements only, that must be available at all times. Water supply for domestic, industrial, and other demands must be added to these requirements to determine the total amount of water required at an Installation.

The water supply analysis must include an analysis of the domestic water quantity using diurnal curves if time of day water curves are not available The analysis must include historical data to address seasonal water supply fluctuations, peak water demand and average daily demand and its effect on fire suppression water availability.

Installation Water Distribution.

Note: The requirements of this section apply to the Installation, as defined in Chapter 2, not the individual Facility.

Except as modified below, water distribution mains, service mains and service laterals must be designed in accordance with AWWA M31, NFPA 24 and UFC 3- 230-01.

\2\For service laterals \6\ /6/, the velocity must not exceed 10 feet per second (3 m/s).

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/2/One or more of the following reliable means must provide fire protection water to an Installation:

Multiple connections to looped or gridded public Service Main(s) arranged so that during any single-point failure, at least 50 percent of the maximum required Fire Flow plus 100 percent of domestic demand can still be supplied to the Installation.

A single connection to a public Service Main(s), plus on-site storage sized in accordance with UFC 3-230-01, in the event the connection to the public system is lost.

One or more on-site sources, such as wells or open bodies of water, with treated water storage capacity sized in accordance with UFC 3-230-01.

For a small Installation, such as a Reserve Training Center, a single connection to a looped or gridded public water Service Main, capable of providing concurrent domestic demand and Fire Flow to the Installation, is acceptable.

For service mains served by fire pumps or service laterals serving fire pumps, velocities must be calculated using 150 percent of the rated capacity of the fire pump.

Installation On-Site \2\Water/2/ Storage.

\2\/2/

Water level must be remotely monitored in accordance with NFPA 22 and NFPA 72 at a constantly attended location, preferably at the Installation’s remote supervising station.

In geographic locations having a 99.6% dry bulb temperature less than 32°F (0°C) per UFC 3-400-02 Engineering Weather Data, water temperature of aboveground storage tanks must likewise be monitored at a constantly attended location.

Provide an external visual water-level gauge on each non-elevated or below ground tank.

Waterflow Testing.

Conduct waterflow tests, in accordance with the procedures contained in NFPA 291, to determine available water supply for the water-based fire extinguishing systems. The flow test must be performed under the direction of the DFPE.

Advertisement of the project must not occur without obtaining water supply information.

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Fire Flow.

Fire Flow for any proposed Facility must be calculated to determine if upgrades to the Installation water supply is required. Fire Flow must be calculated in accordance with Chapter 9.

Where the Fire Flow cannot be met, the DFPE is permitted to approve a reduction in Fire Flow.

When the required Fire Flow cannot be provided by the existing infrastructure, a cost and benefit analysis must be conducted by the DFPE, or their representative, to determine if additional fire protection systems, features, or design changes that provide more favorable factors, such as type of construction or sprinkler protection, are more cost effective than providing the required Fire Flow.

Fire Pumps.

The DFPE must determine the need for a fire pump in the planning stages of a project in order to ensure adequate space is available at the Facility.

The DFPE must determine if a Reliable Power Source is available to the Installation or Facility in the planning stages of the project in order to ensure that the cost and space associated with secondary power is considered and included in the project.

\2\Where a fire pump is needed, a single pump is satisfactory for ordinary value and ordinary use structures. For structures with critical missions or very high values, the \6\ CFPE /6/ may require redundancy in fire pump capacity such, as two pumps at 100% capacity or three pumps at 50% capacity. /2/

Automatic Sprinkler Systems.

\2\For facilities that do not require sprinkler protection as required in the “Special Detailed Requirements Based On Use” or “Fire Protection Systems” chapters of this UFC,/2/ the DFPE must determine if an automatic sprinkler or other fire suppression system is required for the Facility based on mission, hazard of contents, value of contents or other criteria. This determination must be included in the contract documents for design services or design-build services.

Prior to the installation of backflow preventers in an existing fire suppression system, a thorough hydraulic analysis, including hydraulic calculations and flow test, must be performed to ensure that the water supply is still adequate for the system with the backflow preventer. If the backflow preventer causes the demand to exceed the water supply, the backflow preventer must not be installed until the water supply is corrected to support the new demand.

Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems.

The DFPE must determine if a connected reserve supply should be provided.

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Note: A reserve supply should only be considered if replacement cannot be delivered to the site within 24 hours. This would typically apply to locations outside the United States and its territories and possessions.

Rural, Remote, \3\and Range/3/ Locations.

Fire protection water supplies supporting rural, remote, \3\or range/3/ Facility locations without water distribution systems must be in accordance with NFPA 1141 and NFPA 1142.

Military Operations on Urban Terrain (MOUT) Trainers.

See the paragraph entitled "MOUT" in the “Special Detailed Requirements Based on Use” Chapter in this UFC.

Warehouses and Storage Facilities.

The DFPE must determine if sprinkler protection must be provided for facilities less than 5,000 ft2 containing materials, equipment and supplies that are critical to operations, pose a severe fire hazard, are of high monetary value, pose a safety or environmental health risk, or expose an important structure.

The DFPE must determine the commodity classification and maximum storage height and include this information in the contract documents when this information differs from the minimum noted in the section on "Warehouse and Storage Facilities" in this UFC.

\2\Information such as the storage configuration (racks, shelves, palletized, bin box, and solid-piled), aisle width, clearance to ceiling, and ceiling sprinkler temperature rating must be evaluated prior to developing contract documents in order to provide the proper sprinkler protection./2/

See the section on "Warehouse and Storage Facilities" in this UFC for additional requirements.

Existing Facilities.

When planning any \5\ work /5/ to existing facilities, determine if the facility has any existing or outstanding fire protection or life safety deficiencies and include them into the work being planned.

If work is being phased, the total floor area of all the phased work must be used to determine if the facility needs to be brought into compliance with new criteria in lieu of just the work being performed. See the section for "Phased Projects" in this UFC.

See the "Existing Facilities" Chapter in this UFC for additional requirements.

1-13 CYBERSECURITY.

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All control systems (including systems separate from an energy management control system) must be planned, designed, acquired, executed, and maintained in accordance with DoD Instruction 8500.01, DoD Instruction 8510.01, and as required by individual Service Implementation Policy.

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DEFINITIONS

2-1 GENERAL.

The definitions contained in this chapter apply to the terms used in this UFC. Where terms are not defined in this chapter or within another chapter, they are defined in the referenced UFC, code or standard applicable to the context in which they are used.

Plural terms must have the same definition as singular terms.

Addition.

An increase in the building area, aggregate floor area, building height, or number of stories of a structure. [NFPA 101]

\6\ Ammunition and Explosives.

Includes, but is not limited to, all items of U.S.-titled (i.e., owned by the U.S.

Government through the DoD Components) ammunition; primers, propellants, liquid and solid; pyrotechnics; high explosives; guided missiles; warheads; devices; and chemical agent substances, devices, and components presenting real or potential hazards to life, property, and the environment. Excluded are wholly inert items and nuclear warheads and devices, except for considerations of storage and stowage compatibility, blast, fire, and nonnuclear fragment hazards associated with the explosives. [DESR 6055.09] /6/

/1/Bin Storage.

Bin storage consists of five-sided, open from top or side storage containers, stacked in rack structures. They are commonly used in automatic storage and retrieval systems.

Note: Bin storage requires unique considerations for fire protection. Bin storage configurations do not limit oxygen supply. Horizontal flame spread can be rapid. The narrower the aisles and the higher the storage, the less ceiling sprinkler water penetration is delivered to control the fire.

\5\/5/ \6\ Component Fire Protection Engineer (CFPE).

The term “CFPE” as used in this UFC means the Fire Protection Engineer assigned to the Military Department or Defense Agency office of responsibility listed below. Where the codes and standards referenced in this UFC refer to an individual responsible for enforcing the requirements of a code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials, an installation, or a procedure will be interpreted to mean the CFPE. The exercise of CFPE is contingent upon maintaining the qualifications required of the Fire Protection Engineer. For the Defense Departments or Defense Agencies not listed, and where a listed Defense Component is unable to maintain the qualifications of the Fire Protection Engineer, CFPE falls to the Military Service with jurisdiction of the Installation on which the facility is located. /6/

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\6\ CFPE /6/ offices are as follows/1/:

a. U.S. Army - HQ USACE/CECW-CE.

b. U.S. Navy - NAVFACENGSYSCOM HQ, \6\ Chief Fire Protection Engineer /6/.

c. U.S. Marine Corps - HQMC Code LF.

d. U.S. Air Force - AFCEC/CO.

e. \1\Defense Logistics Agency (DLA), DS-IE./1/

f. National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) - Security and Installations.

g. National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) - MS&O/ESO.

h. Washington Headquarters Services (WHS) - Office of the Pentagon Fire Marshal.

i. National Security Agency/Central Security Service - Office of Occupational Health, Environmental and Safety Services (NSA/CSS OHESS).\1\

Distribution Main.

Any pipe in a water distribution system other than a Service Main or Service Lateral. A distribution main carries water from the original source (i.e. tank or underground water source) to the Service Main. A distribution main can be connected to the source, Service Main or another distribution main. A distribution main cannot connect to a Service Lateral.

DoD Component.

The specific DoD branch or subunit of a branch or service. For the purpose of this UFC, this includes, but is not limited to, Army, Navy, Marines, Air Force, NRO, WHS, NGA and NSA.

Dwelling Unit.

One or more rooms arranged for complete, independent housekeeping purposes, with space for eating, living, and sleeping; facilities for cooking; and provisions for sanitation.

[NFPA 101]

Electronic Equipment Area.

Areas of a Facility that include, but are not limited to data centers, communication centers, and command and control systems. Electronic equipment areas are also areas

Change 6, 6 May 2021 containing telecommunication equipment that serves more than one Facility, a portion of an Installation or the entire Installation. This section does not apply to the room in a Facility that contains the incoming telecommunications service for that specific Facility or Incidental Electronic Equipment rooms.

Exemption.

The authority to deviate from a UFC requirement indefinitely. See MIL-STD-3007.

\6\ Exposed Explosives.

Explosives that are open to the atmosphere (such as unpackaged bulk explosives, or disassembled or open components) and that are susceptible to initiation directly by static or mechanical spark, or create (or accidentally create) explosive dust, or give off vapors, fumes, or gases in explosives concentrations. This also includes exudation and explosives exposed from damaged munitions such as gun powder or rocket motors.

[DESR 6055.09_and AFMAN91-201] /6/

Facility.

This includes all types of buildings and their contents, structures, mobile and stationary equipment, civil works or military buildings, hydroelectric plants, waterfront structures, outside storage, and shore protection for ships and aircraft. A facility can be either of temporary or permanent construction.

Fire Alarm Reporting System.

Fire alarm reporting systems are the Installation-wide reporting systems that connect the Facility fire alarm control panel(s) to a constantly attended location staffed with qualified operators for the receipt and processing of emergency communications.

Consider compatibility of extensions of fire reporting systems with existing equipment.

Fire Area.

The aggregate floor area enclosed and bounded by fire walls, fire barriers, exterior walls or horizontal assemblies of a Facility. Areas of the Facility not provided with surrounding walls must be included in the Fire Area if such areas are included within the horizontal projection of the roof or floor above. [IBC]

Fire Flow.

The flow rate of a water supply, measured at 20 psi (138 kPa) residual pressure that is available for firefighting. [NFPA 1]

Fire Water Demand.

The fire water demand is the water flow required for the fire suppression system plus \2\interior/exterior hose stream demands./2/

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Fire Protection Engineer.

Designated (or Service) Fire Protection Engineer (DFPE).

The DoD fire protection engineer that oversees that Area of Responsibility for that project. This is sometimes referred to as the “cognizant” fire protection engineer.

Note 1: For USACE, this is usually the District or Center FPE.

Note 2: For NAVFAC, this is usually the Facilities Engineering Command (FEC) FPE.

Qualified Fire Protection Engineer (QFPE).

\2\An individual who is a registered professional engineer (P.E.) who has passed the fire protection engineering \6\ /6/ examination administered by the National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES) and has relevant fire protection engineering experience./2/

[C] 2-1.16.2

The QFPE can act as the designer of record and/or quality control representative for fire protection matters.

Incidental Electronic Equipment.

Word processing stations, printers, and systems; desk top computers; office automation systems; individual data output stations (i.e. printers, etc.); individual computer work stations; telephones; communication equipment; video conference centers;

administrative telephone rooms; reproduction equipment; and similar equipment.

Incidental Electronic Equipment includes building only or building-wide communication/telephone/LAN equipment typically found in communication, data or telephone rooms that do not serve an essential mission or purpose for National Defense. This includes the room in a Facility that contains the incoming telecommunications service for that specific Facility.

\5\/5/Installation.

As used in this document, the Installation is the DoD base, post, camp, fort, station, airfield or other similar complex that shelters military equipment or personnel or facilitates training and operation. An Installation includes one or more DoD Facilities.

Life Safety System.

Those systems that enhance or facilitate evacuation, smoke control, compartmentalization or isolation. [NFPA Glossary of Terms]

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Major Project.

A project that includes any one of the following:

a. \5\ Adding /5/ to an existing Facility.

b. \5\Work to a facility that consists /5/ of 50 percent or more of the total floor area of an existing Facility.

c. Design or construction of a new Facility.

d. New installation or \5\ work to /5/ an area of construction greater than 5,000 ft2 of floor area that involves existing or new fire barriers or fire-rated construction; Life Safety Systems; \6\ modifying, moving, adding 20 or more sprinklers; /6/ fire alarm or detection systems; fire suppression systems.

e. New installation or \5\ work to an /5/ existing HVAC systems that removes or installs the duct work passing through fire-rated or smoke partitions/barriers or interconnected plenum areas serving an area greater than 5,000 ft2 of floor area.

Mass Notification System.

Refer to UFC 4-021-01.

\2\/2/Medical Facilities.

Also referenced as Medical Treatment Facilities (MTFs), includes medical and dental treatment facilities, medical training facilities, medical research facilities, and veterinary facilities in the Military Health System (MHS)

Missile Alert Facilities (MAF).

The aboveground Facilities that support underground ballistic missile launch control centers.

Missile Assemblies.

Missile assemblies are considered to be large rocket type, cruise missiles without their ordnance, intercontinental ballistic missiles, or Poseidon missiles.

\5\/5/Multi-Family Housing.

More than two Dwelling Units under one roof intended for occupancy by spouses or dependents of DoD personnel. \2\Multi-Family Housing does not include multiple single-family dwellings, i.e., townhouses./2/

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Noncombustible Material.

A material that, in the form in which it is used and under the conditions anticipated will not ignite, burn, support combustion, or release flammable vapors, when subjected to fire or heat. Materials that are reported as passing ASTM E136 must be considered noncombustible materials. [NFPA 102]

Ordnance Facility.

A Facility or area used for the manufacturing, storage, maintenance or demilitarization of ordnance including, but not limited to, munitions, weapons, missile assemblies.

\5\/5/Reliable Power Source.

For a Facility located on an Installation, reliability is determined at the power source serving the Installation. For a Facility not located on an Installation, reliability is determined at the power source to the Facility.

Note: For example, if the building in question is located on a Navy Base, Army Post or similar, reliability is determined by when power is lost to the entire Base, Post or similar, not the actual building. If the building is located away from a Base, Post or similar, reliability is determined by when power is lost to the building itself.

Unless otherwise noted, a reliable power source is a power source having forced down time, excluding scheduled repairs, that does not exceed 8 consecutive hours for any one incident within the last 3 years, or more than 24 hours cumulatively over the last 3 years.

\5\ /5/Review Stamp.

A stamp certifying that the QFPE has reviewed the document and finds that it meets all contractual requirements. A Review Stamp is not a professional engineer stamp or seal.

Sensitive Compartmented Information Facility (SCIF).

Accredited areas, room(s), or building(s) where Sensitive Compartmented Information (SCI), is stored, used, processed or discussed. SCIF are only required for SCI and not necessarily required for Secret or Top Secret information. [UFC 4-010-05]

Service Lateral.

A pipe that connects to the Service Main and terminates at a fire hydrant or a Facility. A service lateral to a Facility is permitted to have no more than two fire hydrants. A service lateral does not connect from one Service Main to a second Service Main.

\4\/4/.

Service Main.

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A pipe that transports water from the Distribution Main to the Service Lateral. A service main can be connected to a Distribution Main, Service Lateral or another service main.

A main with three or more fire hydrants connected to it is a service main. A main from a fire pump to more than one building is a service main.

Stakeholders.

A group of identified individuals or representatives, typically having authoritative control or input, having a share or interest in the successful completion of a project. A project's identified stakeholders must include the building's design and construction team members, security, the \6\ CFPE /6/, accreditation agencies, tenants, supported commands and emergency responders.

Telecommunications Equipment Areas.

See “Electronic Equipment Areas”.

Tension Membrane Structure.

A membrane structure incorporating a membrane and a structural support system such as arches, columns, and cables, or beams wherein the stresses developed in the tension membrane interact with those in the structural support so that the entire assembly acts together to resist the applied loads. [NFPA 102]

Very Early Warning Smoke Detection.

Detection that is listed as being capable of providing the level of protection as defined in NFPA 76 for Very Early Warning Fire Detection. Aspirating smoke detection installed in Europe must comply with Class A requirements as specified in EN54 (Fire Detection and Fire Alarm Systems), Part 20 (Aspirating…