Laughlin_AFB_Installation Facilities Standards.pdf

Laughlin AFB IFS

9 MAY 2019

(PRE-FINAL)

LAUGHLIN AFB

INSTALLATION FACILITIES STANDARDS (IFS)

Installation Elements

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Site Development

Facilities Exteriors

Facilities Interiors

Installation Elements Site Development Facilities Exteriors Facilities Interiors

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Signature Field LIERLY.RANDALL.L.1230871775 Digitally signed by LIERLY.RANDALL.L.1230871775 Date: 2019.05.10 06:47:16 -05'00'

AIR FORCE

INSTALLATION

FACILITIES

STANDARDS

Laughlin Air Force Base IFS

Table of Contents

A. OVERVIEW

A01. Facility Hierarchy

A02. Facility Quality

A03. Facility Districts

B. INSTALLATION ELEMENTS

B01. Comprehensive Planning

B01.1. Installation Development Plan (IDP)

B01.1.1. IFS Component Plan of IDP B01.1.2. Brief History of Base B01.1.3. Future Development

B02. Street Envelope Standards

B02.1. Hierarchy of Streets

B02.1.1. Arterial Streets B02.1.2. Collector Streets B02.1.3. Local Streets B02.1.4. Special Routes

B02.2. Hierarchy of Intersections

B02.2.1. Arterials B02.2.2. Arterial/Collector B02.2.3. Collectors B02.2.4. Special Intersections B02.2.5. Street Frontage Requirements B02.2.6. Sight Lines

B02.3. Street Elements

B02.3.1. Paving B02.3.2. Curb and Gutter B02.3.3. Utility Service Elements B02.3.4. Traffic Signs B02.3.5. Street Lighting B02.3.6. Other

B03. Open Space / Public Space

B03.1. Plazas, Monuments and Static Displays

B03.1.1. Paved Plazas B03.1.2. Sculptures, Markers and Statuary B03.1.3. Static Display of Aircraft

B03.2. Grounds and Perimeters

B03.2.1. Parade Grounds B03.2.2. Parks

B03.2.3. Preserves B03.2.4. Perimeter Fence

C. SITE DEVELOPMENT

C01. Site Design

C01.1. Site Design Considerations

C01.2. Building Orientation

C02. Utilities

C02.1. Utility Components

C03. Parking Areas

C03.1. Configurations and Design

C03.1.1. Paving and Striping C03.1.2. Curbing C03.1.3. Internal Islands and Medians

C03.2. Parking Structures

C03.3. Connectivity

C04. Stormwater Management

C04.1. Stormwater Requirements

C05. Sidewalks, Bikeways and Trails

C05.1. Circulation and Paving

C05.1.1. Ramps and Stairs C05.1.2. Lighting

C06. Landscape

C06.1. Climate-based Materials

C06.1.1. Landscape Design Concept C06.1.2. Xeriscape Design Principles C06.1.3. Minimizing Water Requirements C06.1.4. Plant Material Selection C06.1.5. Water Budgeting (Hydrozones) C06.1.6. Base Entrance Landscaping C06.1.7. Streetscape Landscaping C06.1.8. Pedestrian Circulation Landscaping C06.1.9. Parking Lot Landscaping C06.1.10. Screen/Accent Landscaping C06.1.11. Other

C07. Site Furnishings

C07.1. Furnishings and Elements

Table of contents continued on next page

Table of contents continued

C07.2. Site Furnishings Products, Materials / Color .. 53

C07.2.1. Barbeque Grills C07.2.2. Benches C07.2.3. Bike Racks C07.2.4. Bike Lockers C07.2.5. Bollards C07.2.6. Bus Shelters C07.2.7. Drinking Fountains C07.2.8. Dumpster Enclosures / Gates C07.2.9. Fencing C07.2.10. Flagpoles C07.2.11. Lighting – Landscape / Accent C07.2.12. Litter and Ash Receptacles C07.2.13. Picnic Tables C07.2.14. Planters – Free Standing C07.2.15. Play Equipment C07.2.16. Screen Walls C07.2.17. Tree Grates C07.2.18. Other

C08. Exterior Signs

C08.1. Colors and Types

C08.1.1. Materials and Color Specifications C08.1.2. Installation and Gate Identification Signs C08.1.3. Building Identification Signs C08.1.4. Traffic Control Devices (Street Signs) C08.1.5. Directional and Wayfinding Signs C08.1.6. Informational Signs C08.1.7. Motivational Signs C08.1.8. Parking Lot Signs C08.1.9. Regulatory Signs C08.1.10. Other

C09. Lighting

C09.1. Fixtures and Lamping

C09.2. Light Fixture Types

C09.2.1. Street Lighting C09.2.2. Parking Lot Lighting C09.2.3. Lighted Bollards C09.2.4. Sidewalk Lighting C09.2.5. Walls / Stairs Lighting C09.2.6. Other

D. FACILITIES EXTERIORS

D01. Supporting the Mission

D02. Sustainability

D03. Architectural Features

D03.1. Orientation, Massing and Scale

D03.2. Architectural Character

D03.3. Details and Color

D03.3.1. Climate-based Data D03.3.2. Natural Ventilation System D03.3.3. Thermal Mass

D03.3.4. Thermal Shading D03.3.5. Renewable Heating/Cooling D03.3.6. Solar Photovoltaic System D03.3.7. Solar Thermal System

D04. Building Entrances

D04.1. Primary Entrances

D04.2. Secondary Entrances

D05. Wall Systems

D05.1. Hierarchy of Materials

D05.2. Layout, Organization and Durability

D05.3. Equipment, Vents and Devices

D05.4 Wall Systems Materials

D05.4.1. Flat Metal Panels D05.4.2. Brick Veneer D05.4.3. Architectural Precast D05.4.4. Stucco Over Sheathing D05.4.5. Curtain Wall D05.4.6. Cast-in Place Concrete D05.4.7. Tilt-up Concrete D05.4.8. Ribbed Metal Sheeting

D05.4.9. EIFS

D05.4.10.GFRC

D05.4.11.Concrete Block D05.4.12. Fiber Cement Siding D05.4.13. Other

D06. Doors and Windows

D06.1. Types

D06.2. Layout and Geometry

D06.3. Glazing and Shading

D06.4. Hardware

D06.5. Doors and Windows Materials

D06.5.1. Anodized Aluminum D06.5.2. Hollow Metal D06.5.3. Aluminum-clad Wood D06.5.4. Other

D07. Roof Systems

D07.1. Roof Type and Form

D07.2. Roof Slope

D07.3. Parapets and Copings

D07.4. Color and Reflectivity

D07.5. Gutters, Downspouts, Scuppers, Drains

D07.6. Roof Vents and Elements

D07.7. Clerestories and Skylights

D07.8. Vegetated Roof

Table of contents continued on next page

Table of contents continued

D07.9. Roof Systems Materials

D07.9.1. Standing Seam Metal D07.9.2. Membrane Single-ply D07.9.3. Built-up Multi-ply D07.9.4. Concrete Tile D07.9.5. Clay Tile D07.9.6. Slate Shingles D07.9.7. Vegetated System D07.9.8. Ribbed Metal Sheeting D07.9.9. Composite Shingles D07.9.10. Other

D08. Structural Systems

D08.1. Systems and Layouts

D08.2. Structural Systems Materials

D08.2.1. Concrete D08.2.2. Insulated Concrete Forming (ICF) D08.2.3. Steel D08.2.4. Pre-Engineered Steel D08.2.5. Masonry D08.2.6. Heavy Timber D08.2.7. Light-gauge Steel D08.2.8. Lumber Framing D08.2.9. Other

D09. Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing

D09.1. Passive and Active Systems

D09.2. Functionality and Efficiency

E. FACILITIES INTERIORS

E01. Building Configurations

E01.1. Layout and Common Areas

E01.1.1. Interior Design Process E01.1.2. Codes and Regulations

E01.2. Quality and Comfort

E02. Floors

E02.1. Floor Materials

E02.1.1. Prepared Slabs E02.1.2. Natural Stone and Terrazzo E02.1.3. Quarry Tile E02.1.4. Ceramic Tile E02.1.5. Resilient Floor E02.1.6. Carpet E02.1.7. Rapidly-Renewable Products E02.1.8. Other

E03. Walls

E03.1. Wall Materials

E03.1.1. Concrete E03.1.2. Masonry E03.1.3. Ceramic Tile E03.1.4. Gypsum Board E03.1.5. Metal Panels E03.1.6. Wood Paneling E03.1.7. Rapidly-Renewable Products E03.1.8. Other

E04. Ceilings

E04.1. Ceiling Materials

E04.1.1. Exposed Framing (Roof / Floor Structure Above) E04.1.2. Exposed Concrete E04.1.3. Grid and Acoustical Tile E04.1.4. Gypsum Board E04.1.5. Metal Panels E04.1.6. Wood E04.1.7. Rapidly-Renewable Products E04.1.8. Other

E05. Doors and Windows

E05.1. Doors and Windows and Frames Materials

E05.1.1. Aluminum E05.1.2. Hollow Metal E05.1.3. Wood E05.1.4. Other

E06. Casework Systems

E06.1. Casework Materials

E06.1.1. Plastic Laminate E06.1.2. Solid Polymer Surface E06.1.3. Rapidly-Renewable Products E06.1.4. Metal E06.1.5 Other

E06.2. Countertop Materials

E06.2.1. Plastic Laminate E06.2.2. Solid Polymer Surface E06.2.3. Natural Stone E06.2.4. Cast Stone E06.2.5. Metal E06.2.6 Other

E07. Furnishings

E07.1. Durability and Serviceability

E07.2. Accessories

E08. Interior Signs

E08.1 Types and Color

E08.2. Interior Signs Materials

E09. Lighting, Power and Communication

E09.1. Functionality and Efficiency

E09.2. Types and Color

F. Appendices

G. Appendices

Version 02.00.10

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A. OVERVIEW

Comply with Air Force Corporate Standards for Overview:

http://afcfs.wbdg.org/index.html

This Installation Facilities Standards (IFS) document is part of the Air Force Corporate Facilities Standards (AFCFS) program to assist bases in implementing and maintaining facilities standards as appropriate for efficient operations within the respective climate region. IFS fully replaces, consolidates and simplifies existing facilities standards documents, such as the Architectural Compatibility Plan (ACP) or ACGs, FEPs, etc., and organizes information using the same structure, or Table of Contents, as the AFCFS website.

IFS reflects the AFCFS’ concepts of "Facility Hierarchy" (categorizing facilities into group numbers) and “Facility Quality” (assigning an appropriate level of quality to each group number) and applies these principles at the base level. Applicable DoD and Air Force criteria such as UFCs, AFIs, Memoranda, and UFGSs (Guide Specs) are referenced and linked within IFS to ensure the document is always current.

Navigating within this IFS is efficient and straightforward. Please use the interactive Table of Contents to locate subject matter, and click on the title of a section to access it. From any page, click on the “Back to Table of Contents” footer to return. Content is organized into 4 major sections: Installation Elements, Site Development, Facilities Exteriors and Facilities Interiors.

This IFS document begins as a fill-in PDF form, which is fully editable, and becomes a "living document" that can be regularly updated by base-level personnel following a format that is consistent across the Air Force. While the format is standardized, IFS content is customized for base operations and the local climate to ensure mission success while emphasizing reduced maintenance and reduced initial costs, life-cycle costs, energy use, and water use.

1. Conformance to Air Force Corporate Facilities Standards (AFCFS) and Installation Facilities Standards (IFS) are required by Air Force Instruction (AFI) 32-1023 and Air Force Memorandum. Please refer to the AFCFS website for links to documentation on current policy.

2. Requests to deviate from any installation facilities standards, that are Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) requirements, will follow the process outlined in the AFCFS for UFC waivers and exemptions.

3. The IFS is a component plan of the Installation Development Plan (IDP) per Air Force Instruction (AFI) 32-7062 (replacing the Architectural Compatibility Plan). All military construction projects and Non-Appropriated Funds (NAF) facilities are required to comply with the IDP and its IFS component plan by AFI 32-1023. The Base Civil Engineer (BCE) maintains and implements the IDP and its component plans, to include the IFS.

4. Please refer to the AFCFS website as a portal to reference materials and requirements documents for design and construction projects (via links). Specific references to current DoD memoranda and Air Force criteria are updated periodically to provide the most current guidance and requirements. Programming, design and contract documents should list “current edition” for all reference and requirements documents. The documents in force at the date of execution of the design and/or construction contract shall be the governing version.

5. Advanced Modeling Requirements:

For all Air Force projects requiring advanced modeling, to include 3D visualization, Building Information Modeling (BIM), facility data, quantity take-off, geospatial, etc., follow the Army standards. Refer to USACE Minimum Model Matrix (M3) and Project Execution Plan (PxP) which outline required model uses. Refer to CAD BIM Technology Center (Contract Requirements) for more information on M3 and PxP.

6. Joint Bases shall implement IFS under their Joint-Base designation with volume numbers for individual installations following the IFS Development Tool template. For example, for Joint Base Langley-Eustis, provide: Vol. 1 Langley AFB and Vol. 2 Fort Eustis.

7. References and Supplementary Documents listed in Appendix G are included in these Installation Facilities Standards by reference and are fully part of this document. Please refer to Appendix G for a listing of documents, which are available via hyperlink for viewing and downloading.

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Static Display of Aircraft

A01. FACILITY HIERARCHY

Comply with AF Corporate Standards for Facility Hierarchy (and subsections):

http://afcfs.wbdg.org/facility-hierarchy/index.html

A02. FACILITY QUALITY

Comply with AF Corporate Standards for Facility Quality (and subsections):

http://afcfs.wbdg.org/facility-quality/index.html

A03. FACILITY DISTRICTS

Comply with AF Corporate Standards for Facility Districts (and subsections):

http://afcfs.wbdg.org/facility-districts/index.html

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Note: Apply the base-wide standards in this IFS for Installation Elements, Site Development, Facilities Exteriors and Facilities Interiors (products, materials, color, etc.). Following application of the base-wide standards, refer to the Appendix and apply any additional requirements specifically related to the Facility District.

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Overview Map:Laughlin Air Force Base IFS

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B. INSTALLATION ELEMENTS

Comply with Air Force Corporate Standards for Installation Elements:

http://afcfs.wbdg.org/installation-elements/index.html

B01. COMPREHENSIVE PLANNING

Comply with Air Force Corporate Standards for Comprehensive Planning:

http://afcfs.wbdg.org/installation-elements/comprehensive-planning/index.html

B01.1. Installation Development Plan (IDP)

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Department of Defense, Department of the Air Force and Air Force Base Criteria

1. The Base Civil Engineer is responsible for developing, maintaining and implementing the installation’s Comprehensive Planning documents and to ensure that the Installation Development Plan (IDP) is prepared, maintained, and implemented following AFI 32-7062.

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B01.1.1. IFS Component Plan of IDP

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Park Site Plan

Park Playground Plan

1. Maintain this Installation Facilities Standards (IFS) as a Component Plan of the base's Installation Development Plan (IDP).

B01.1.2. Brief History of Base

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B-17 Flown by Jack T. Laughlin

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Main Gate c. 1955

Created by the U.S. Army Air Corps in early July 1942, Laughlin Army Air Field began as a B-26 Marauder and Douglas A-26 Invader flight training school. Teaching bomber crews to fly was the base's mission during the Second World War. It performed its function well in what were often regarded as primitive conditions. The Army decided in September 1945 to close the base and keep the land Laughlin was built on, though it was leased to local goat farmers for use as grazing land.

Tension with the Soviet Union flared quickly after World War II, and the U.S. Air Force reopened Laughlin Air Force Base as a flight training school for American and allied nations pilots in May 1952. Later that year, the Air Force redesignated the wing as the 3645th Flying Training Wing. The 3645th's primary mission provided jet fighter combat operations (gunnery and weapons delivery) training in the T-33 Shooting Star, F-80 Shooting Star, and the F-84 Thunderjet. Given the shifting nature of the threats the U.S. the U.S. faced during the Cold War and the massive peacetime military buildup of the 1950s and 1960s, the USAF continually moved units around to make better use of land, airspace, and technology. As such, on April 1, 1957, the Air Force transferred Strategic Air Command's 4080th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing, Light, from Turner AFB, Georgia to Laughlin, while Air Training Command inactivated the 3645th.

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The 4080th deployed aircraft and personnel worldwide and provided high altitude reconnaissance and meteorological gathering (the latter for operational weather forecasting), conducted signal and electronic intelligence flights and collected air samples from nuclear above-ground tests using the Lockheed U-2F and the Martin RB-57D Canberra. On June 15, 1960, the 4080th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing, Light, was redesignated the 4080th Strategic Wing. In mid-October 1962 at the height of the Cuban Missile Crisis Major, Rudolph Anderson, Jr., while flying the U-2F, took photographs of Soviet missile sites, giving the US conclusive proof of Soviet long-range missiles in Cuba. Flying again on October 27, Major Anderson became the only casualty of enemy action during the Cuban Missile Crisis when Anderson was shot down near Banes, Cuba, with a surface-to-air missile.

In 1961, the USAF announced that Laughlin's mission would expand to include an undergraduate pilot training (UPT) program, while the 4080th remained as a tenant unit. Effective February 15, 1962, the USAF redesignated the 3645th as the 3646th Pilot Training Wing. In April 1963, the 4080th moved to Arizona, and UPT remained Laughlin's only mission. Change was constant here, but finally, on September 1, 1972, USAF inactivated the 3646th Pilot Training Wing and activated the 47th Flying Training Wing. Laughlin's critical mission has remained the same since 1962: train and develop the finest military pilots. Beginning with the first UPT class in the mid-1950s, silver wings have been pinned on nearly 21,000 pilots. Currently, the base uses the T-6 Texan II, T-38C Talon, and the T-1A Jayhawk to teach American and allied nation's pilots to fly.

B01.1.3. Future Development

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1. Follow AFI 32-7062 for Air Force Comprehensive Planning, the Comprehensive Planning Process, Comprehensive Planning Requirements, and Geospatial Mapping.

2. Address all future development under the Installation Development Plan (IDP).

B02. STREET ENVELOPE STANDARDS

Comply with Air Force Corporate Standards for Installation Elements:

http://afcfs.wbdg.org/installation-elements/index.html

Comply with AF Corporate Standards for Street Envelope Standards:

http://afcfs.wbdg.org/installation-elements/street-envelope-standards/index.html

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B02.1. Hierarchy of Streets

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Hierarchy of Streets

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Street Envelope Section

1. Develop and evolve a hierarchical transportation network of arterial, collector and local streets following UFC 3-201-01 and its industry references.

2. Provide consistent functionality throughout the installation and a level of visual quality relating to the adjacent Facility Group number.

3. Routes along facilities in Group 1 may have materials, finishes and features with a higher visual quality than Groups 2, 3 and 4.

Reduce maintenance requirements by installing highly durable materials and finishes in routes along Group 3 industrial facilities.

4. Special routes may have a visual quality comparable to those along facilities in Group 1. Guest/VIP tour

5. Create and maintain arterials with two lanes of traffic in each direction with landscaped or paved medians as applicable to the local climate and adjacent facility group designation / land use.

6. Minimize stops and turns along arterials. Eliminate on-street parking along arterials and collector streets.

7. Connect arterials to local streets with appropriately scaled collector streets.

8. Provide appropriate landscape setbacks and pedestrian buffers along all streets.

9. Minimize and consolidate curb cuts along streets.

10. Ensure access for emergency and service vehicles.

11. Define bicycle traffic routes in the Installation Development Plan or its applicable component plans.

12. Provide illustrations in the Installation Facilities Standards (IFS) to include street cross-sections and plans for every type of street specified on the installation. At a minimum provide dimensions for vehicular traffic-lanes, curb radii, medians, bike lanes, pedestrian buffers, sidewalks, crosswalks, tree planting areas, and on-street parking configurations.

13. Define appropriate force protection features, site furnishings, signs, lighting, utilities, and paving in the IFS.

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B02.1.1. Arterial Streets

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Travel Lane (a): 12’ Median (b): 12’ Curb and Gutter (c): 2’ Sidewalk / Landscape (d): 12’) Setback (f): Min. 35' or per ATFP

Paved Median

Arterial Street

Arterial Street

1. Minimum arterial street dimensions shall be as follows:

a. Travel Lane. 12'

b. Median (if used). 12'

c. Curb and Gutter. 2'

d. Sidewalk. 6'

e. Parking. 12' setback

f. Buildings. 30' setback

g. Obstructions. 6' setback

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2. Stops and turns should be minimized and on-street parking shall not be allowed at any point along arterial streets.

3. Provide sidewalks on at least one side of arterial streets and both sides of arterial streets in developed areas. Provide a 6 foot buffer between the road and sidewalk where space allows.

4. Limit curb cuts on arterial streets to entries into major facilities, building groups and major parking areas.

5. Signs, plantings and street lighting should be added to reinforce the importance of arterial streets.

B02.1.2. Collector Streets

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Travel Lane (a): 12’ Median (b): N/A Curb and Gutter (c): 2’ Landscape (d): 10’ Sidewalk (e): 6’ Setback (f): Min. 35' or per ATFP

Typical Collector Streetscape

Setback with Streetscape Elements

Approach to Intersection

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1. Minimum arterial street dimensions shall be as follows:

a. Travel Lane. 12'

b. Median (if used). 12'

c. Curb and Gutter. 2'

d. Sidewalk. 6'

e. Parking. 12' setback

f. Buildings. 15' setback

g. Obstructions. 3' setback

2. Traffic stops are frequent and speeds are low on collector streets.

3. Provide sidewalks on at least one side of collector streets. Buffers are preferred but not required on collector streets.

4. On street parking may be allowed on one side where secondary roads are over 34 feet wide. Parking shall not interfere with intersections or traffic flow.

5. Signs, plantings and street lighting should be added to reinforce the importance of arterial streets.

B02.1.3. Local Streets

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Travel Lane (a): 11’ Median (b): N/A Curb and Gutter (c): 1.5’ Landscape (d): 15’ Sidewalk (e): 6’

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Group 3 Local Street

Group 4 Local Street

Streetscape along Local Street

1. Minimum arterial street dimensions shall be as follows:

a. Travel Lane. 11'

b. Curb and Gutter. 1.5'

c. Sidewalk. 5'

d. Landscape. 15' setback

e. Buildings. 15' setback

f. Obstructions. 3' setback

2. Traffic stops are frequent and speeds are low on collector streets.

3. Provide sidewalks on at least one side of collector streets. Buffers are preferred but not required on collector streets.

4. On street parking may be allowed on one side where secondary roads are over 34 feet wide. Parking shall not interfere with intersections or traffic flow.

5. Signs, plantings and street lighting should be added to reinforce the importance of arterial streets.

6. Cul-de-sacs are to only be used in the military housing area. The minimum radius for cul-de-sacs shall be 50'.

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B02.1.4. Special Routes

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Array of Flags and Markers along Special Route

1. Develop all special intersections consistently with those adjacent to Group 1 facilities.

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B02.2. Hierarchy of Intersections

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Turnoff to VCC at West Gate

Local Intersection

Colored Paving at Crosswalk

1. Provide a hierarchy of intersections to include arterial, arterial-collector, collector, collector-local and local following UFC 3-201-01 and its industry references.

2. Passive systems such as traffic circles are preferred to active systems such as signalized intersections. Aggressively pursue passive systems to lower maintenance requirements and reduce energy use.

3. Use a level of visual quality for an intersection equal to the quality found in the related streetscape, which corresponds to the adjacent Facility Group number.

B02.2.1. Arterials

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1. Provide an informal grouping of low lying native ground cover and shrubs with trees as a backdrop at all four corners. Accent boulders and rock mulch may be appropriate. Monument walls with signage are appropriate adjacent to Group 1 facilities.

Maintain appropriate sight lines at all intersections.

B02.2.2. Arterial/Collector

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1. Provide an informal grouping of low lying native ground cover and shrubs with trees as a backdrop at all four corners. Accent boulders and rock mulch may be appropriate. Maintain appropriate sight lines at all intersections.

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B02.2.3. Collectors

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Integrated Street Elements

Landscape Defining Space

Typical Collector Intersection

1. Provide an informal grouping of low lying native ground cover and shrubs with trees as a backdrop at all four corners.

Maintain appropriate sight lines at all intersections.

B02.2.4. Special Intersections

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Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (small: 250 px x 188 px) to insert 3 Image Tool 250 x 188

Insert Special Intersections graphic

Special Paving and Elements

Group 1 level of Quality

Intersection of Pedestrian Plaza Access

1. Develop all special intersections consistently with those adjacent to Group 1 facilities.

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B02.2.5. Street Frontage Requirements

Applicable N/A Large graphics do not apply

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (small: 250 px x 188 px) to insert 3 Image Tool 250 x 188

Insert Street Frontage Requirements graphic

Typical Street Frontage

Minimal Landscape at Group 3

Trees and Grasses as Focus

1. Consistently maintain open space buffers following B03.2.3. Preserves.

2. Refer to C06.1.7. Streetscape Landscaping for planting and screen wall requirements along street frontage.

B02.2.6. Sight Lines

Applicable N/A Large graphics do not apply

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (small: 250 px x 188 px) to insert 1 Image Tool 250 x 188

Insert Sight Lines graphic

Preserved Sight Lines

1. Provide adequate sight lines for an effective and safe traffic operation per American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) standards and local municipality guidelines.

2. Maintain a 45 foot clear zone free of visual barriers over 18 inches in height at uncontrolled intersections. Maintain a 15 foot clear zone free of visual barriers over 18 inches in height at controlled intersections with vehicle speeds of 30 mph or less.

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B02.3. Street Elements

Applicable N/A Large graphics do not apply

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (small: 250 px x 188 px) to insert 3 Image Tool 250 x 188

Insert Street Elements graphic

Coordinated Force Protection Elements

Paved Traffic Circle

Controlled Access

1. Emulate the streetscape area's pre-development hydrology using passive and active design features to help sustain the adjacent regionally appropriate landscape. Coordinate with the base Stormwater Management Plan.

2. Employ systems, materials and techniques to maximize streetscape sustainability. Consider pervious paving and reflectivity of surfaces appropriate for the local climate.

3. Install at-grade curbing and/or raised-profile curb and gutter as applicable to direct stormwater to bioswales and rain gardens as source water for vegetation. Do not paint concrete curbing.

4. Provide all on-site utility service lines and equipment below grade when adjacent to Facility Group 1. In routes along Group 2, 3 and 4, when mounting elements such as utility cabinets, communications equipment and water valves above grade is unavoidable, paint these consistently and provide visual screening following Installation Facilities Standards (IFS).

5. Provide traffic control devices including access control point/entry control facility signs, speed limit signs and street name signs following the current edition of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) per UFC 3-120-01.

6. Crosswalk markings shall follow the MUTCD for Streets and Highways, current edition. Provide white markings that define the edges of the crosswalk or a tone of lines defining the area of the crosswalk consistent with common practices found in the adjacent municipality.

7. Follow UFC 3-120-01 for directional and wayfinding signs and address both vehicular and pedestrian traffic.

8. Reduce energy consumption and reduce maintenance requirements by providing street lighting only when functionally required to ensure safety and to address antiterrorism following UFC 4-010-01. Ensure the quality and quantities of lighting and fixtures are appropriate for the adjacent Facility Group number.

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B02.3.1. Paving

Applicable N/A Large graphics do not apply

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (small: 250 px x 188 px) to insert 3 Image Tool 250 x 188

Insert Paving graphic

Typical Asphalt Concrete Paving

Standard Striping at Crosswalk

Striping at Speed Control Elements

1. Pavement design shall comply with UFC 3-250-01. Ensure appropriate analysis and design of subgrade conditions to promote low maintenance, high performance pavements. Apply all applicable best practices from Appendix B of the UFC.

2. Materials shall be specified in accordance with UFC 3-250-01 and must conform to requirements set forth in the Unified Facility Guide Specifications (UFGS) for concrete and bituminous pavement.

B02.3.2. Curb and Gutter

Applicable N/A Large graphics do not apply

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (small: 250 px x 188 px) to insert 6 Image Tool 250 x 188

Insert Curb and Gutter graphic

Barrier Curb

Mountable Curb

Standard Curb and Gutter

Page 22 of 144Laughlin Air Force Base IFS Back to Table of Contents

Island at Street Transition

Group 4 Curb and Gutter

Coordinated Stormwater Element

1. Continuous concrete curbs shall be provided for paved roads in developed areas and parking areas adjacent to Group 1, Group 2 and Group 4 facilities. Asphalt curbs may be used at roads and parking areas adjacent to Group 3 facilities where needed.

2. A minimum standard curb height of 6 inches shall be consistently maintained. Rolled mountable curbs are not allowed.

3. Painted curbs are prohibited because they are very difficult to maintain.

B02.3.3. Utility Service Elements

Applicable N/A Large graphics do not apply

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (small: 250 px x 188 px) to insert 3 Image Tool 250 x 188

Insert Utility Service Elements

Access Control Devices

Fire Hydrant

Integrated Barrier

1. Provide all utility service lines below grade when streets are adjacent to Facility Group 1.

2. When mounting elements such as utility cabinets, communications equipment and water valves above grade is unavoidable, paint these items consistently in standard base colors and provide visual screening following Site Development, Landscaping.

3. Overhead service lines along streets adjacent to Facility Groups 2, 3 and 4 are discouraged.

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B02.3.4. Traffic Signs

Applicable N/A Large graphics do not apply

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (small: 250 px x 188 px) to insert 3 Image Tool 250 x 188

Insert Traffic Signs graphic

Standard Street Signs

Coordinated Rock Mulch Bed

Uniform Traffic Control Device

1. Refer to Exterior Signs, Colors and Types for Traffic Control Devices, which includes signs.

B02.3.5. Street Lighting

Applicable N/A Large graphics do not apply

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (small: 250 px x 188 px) to insert 3 Image Tool 250 x 188

Insert Street Lighting graphic

Lighting along Arterial Street

Lighting along Collector Street

Lighting in Facility Group 4

1. Refer to the Lighting section for appropriate applications along streets.

B02.3.6. Other

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B03. OPEN SPACE / PUBLIC SPACE

Comply with Air Force Corporate Standards for Installation Elements:

http://afcfs.wbdg.org/installation-elements/index.html

Comply with AF Corporate Standards for Open Space / Public Space:

http://afcfs.wbdg.org/installation-elements/open-space-public-space/index.html

B03.1. Plazas, Monuments and Static Displays

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (large: 800 px x 440 px) to insert 1 Image Tool 800 x 440

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (small: 250 px x 188 px) to insert 3 Image Tool 250 x 188

Insert Plazas, Monuments and Static Displays graphic

Installation Flagpole and Plaza

Insert Plazas, Monuments and Static Displays graphic

Flag Grouping Plaza

Formal Arrangement

Memorial Plaza

1. Natural features and culturally or historically significant features or events may be recognized and acknowledged with

Page 25 of 144Laughlin Air Force Base IFS Back to Table of Contents physical elements such as plazas, monuments and static displays. However, limit these elements on the base to ensure judicious use of resources and to reduce ongoing maintenance requirements.

2. Design highly durable plazas, monuments and static displays with a level of quality comparable to Facility Group 1.

3. Link plazas, monuments and static displays to the pedestrian circulation system. Install landscaping, site furnishings and lighting appropriate for the application and local climate following Installation Facilities Standards (IFS).

4. Select systems, products and materials for paving, walls, and structures following IFS.

B03.1.1. Paved Plazas

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (large: 800 px x 440 px) to insert 1 Image Tool 800 x 440

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (small: 250 px x 188 px) to insert 3 Image Tool 250 x 188

Insert Paved Plazas graphic

Amphitheater and Plaza with Integrated Landscape and Lighting

Concrete Paving and Seating

Brick Paving and Concrete Edging

Contrasting Paving

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1. Mitigate heat island by providing high-albedo, shaded plazas. Pervious pavers shall be used on all plazas and courtyards in Facility Groups 1 and 2; use pervious concrete in Groups 3 and 4. The designer shall incorporate appropriate expansion and construction joints.

2. Pavers shall match the color of pavers used on adjacent sidewalks using base standard range of earth tones colors. Bricks used on plazas shall typically be 4” x 8” size.

B03.1.2. Sculptures, Markers and Statuary

Applicable N/A Large graphics do not apply

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (small: 250 px x 188 px) to insert 3 Image Tool 250 x 188

Insert Sculptures, Markers and Statuary graphic

Commemorative Plaque

Memorial Cast Plaque

Bronze Sculpture

1. Relate new sculpture, markers and statuary to the base's architectural design theme. Generally limit these elements to frequently used locations adjacent to Facility Group 1 and highly traveled community pedestrian spaces.

2. Consider entry gates as possible sites for new displays.

3. All proposed memorials shall follow AFI 36-3108 and be limited to highly deserving individuals or groups as deemed appropriate by the installation leadership. Living memorials (tree plantings / etc.) are discouraged due to added maintenance requirements.

4. When sculpture requires a base, match the materials and / or color palette of adjacent buildings.

5. Use direct or indirect lighting to accentuate features or enhance an intended effect.

6. Ensure that all sculpture, markers and statuary are honorable and inspiring, provide a sense of place, positively contribute to the base's visual quality, and encourage pride for the community and the US Air Force.

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B03.1.3. Static Display of Aircraft

Applicable N/A Large graphics do not apply

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (small: 250 px x 188 px) to insert 3 Image Tool 250 x 188

Insert Static Display of Aircraft

Dynamic Mounting

Ground-Level Mounting

Display with Integrated Markers

1. Follow IFS base-wide standards for all elements of the display area with specific attention to traffic sight lines, pedestrian circulation, site furnishings, signs, and lighting. Address requirements for the Facility District as well.

2. Generally locate concrete base/foundation structures for static displays below grade.

3. At static displays where pedestrian paths are provided, a minimum of one trash receptacle and one bench shall be provided.

Receptacle and bench design must conform to IFS requirements.

B03.2. Grounds and Perimeters

Applicable N/A Large graphics do not apply

Applicable N/A Small graphics do not apply

1. Provide formal spaces for parade and review functions, recreational areas and parks following the base's Installation Development Plan (IDP) and Installation Facilities Standards (IFS). Refer to the Site Furnishings topic for additional information.

2. Maintain preservation areas following the IDP and IFS.

3. Comply with UFC 4-010-01 DoD Minimum Antiterrorism Standards for Buildings and UFC 4-022-03 Security Fences and Gates for all elements associated with the base's gates and perimeter fence.

4. Identify and describe base-wide utility corridors in the IDP.

5. Base-wide utility infrastructure shall be inconspicuous. Bury utility service lines below grade when adjacent to Facility Group 1 and when economically feasible for Facility Groups 2, 3 and 4. When service lines are located above grade, create an ordered, coordinated appearance.

6. Follow the requirements of this IFS regarding all utility structures and service lines located above grade that visually impact the installation.

7. Where screening of utility equipment and structures is provided, allow adequate and proper clearance for safety and maintenance.

8. Reduce visual clutter and visual impact of the following items through a combination of careful placement, screen walls, Page 28 of 144Laughlin Air Force Base IFS Back to Table of Contents landscaping and painting:

· Electrical switch-stations.

· Sewage lift stations.

· Water well pumps, storage tanks and/or related structures.

· Gas piping, meters and similar incidental items.

· Above ground fuel storage tanks.

· Any ground-mounted freestanding utility item exposed to view.

9. Larger structures such as electrical switch-stations, sewage lift stations, fuel storage tanks and mechanical/electrical equipment shall be screened from view, using materials, forms, and colors in the screen walls which match those respective design elements present at adjacent buildings.

10. Paint above-ground equipment and associated components such as electrical piping or exposed plumbing lines dark bronze.

11. Maintain currently buried utility service lines as a visual asset.

12. Bury the following exposed above-grade items in future projects when economically feasible:

· Electrical power grid and service lines.

· Telephone lines.

· Cable TV lines.

· Communications lines.

· Exterior lighting service lines.

· Any similar system of above-ground lines serving the base.

13. Consolidate and enclose service utility lines in underground utility corridors when feasible. Create routes along the inside edge of parking lot islands.

B03.2.1. Parade Grounds

Applicable N/A Large graphics do not apply

Applicable N/A Small graphics do not apply

1. Follow UFC 3-201-02, Appendix B for the planning and design process and criteria for parade grounds.

2. Establish and maintain parade grounds only where there is a confirmed need and provide landscape materials appropriate for the locale following IFS.

3. Bleachers may be installed only when there is a documented requirement at parade grounds. Nonferrous metals that do not require painting or going maintenance are preferred. The Base Civil Engineer shall determine quantities, sizes, and products on a case basis.

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B03.2.2. Parks

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (large: 800 px x 440 px) to insert 1 Image Tool 800 x 440

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (small: 250 px x 188 px) to insert 3 Image Tool 250 x 188

Insert Parks graphic

Green Space with Standard Picnic Pavilion

Recreational Amenities

Shade Shelter at Picnic Area

Fabric Canopy

1. Bleachers may be installed only when there is a documented requirement at parks and fields for recreational events. Follow guidance under Parade Grounds.

2. Picnic pavilions may be provided in parks where there is a documented need.

3. Recommend adding shade shelters if economically feasible.

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B03.2.3. Preserves

Applicable N/A Large graphics do not apply

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (small: 250 px x 188 px) to insert 3 Image Tool 250 x 188

Insert Preserves graphic

Integrated Storm Water Feature

Open Space Adjacent to Golf Course

Native Grasses with Trees as Focus

1. Preserve areas adjacent to runways, taxiways, aprons, golf course roughs, storage areas, antenna facilities, and ammunition storage areas, as open space.

2. Provide minimal maintenance with mowing as needed for controlling bird behavior for airfield safety, or eliminating fire hazards.

B03.2.4. Perimeter Fence

Applicable N/A Large graphics do not apply

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (small: 250 px x 188 px) to insert 3 Image Tool 250 x 188

Insert Perimeter Fence graphic

Perimeter Fence at Boundary

Perimeter Fence at Arterial

Iron Fencing at Flight Line

1. Design, install and maintain the base's perimeter fence following UFC 4-022-03.

2. Stringently comply with ATFP requirements following UFC 04-010-01 for all spaces adjacent to the base's perimeter fence and all gates.

3. Fencing, gates and other elements that are associated with the main gates shall be a level of quality equivalent to Facility Group 1.

4. Maintain a positive visual quality along the traffic corridor on both sides of the main gates. Specifically address pedestrian access, circulation and common areas.

Page 31 of 144Laughlin Air Force Base IFS Back to Table of Contents

C. SITE DEVELOPMENT

Comply with Air Force Corporate Standards for Site Development:

http://afcfs.wbdg.org/site-development/index.html

C01. SITE DESIGN

Comply with Air Force Corporate Standards for Site Development:

http://afcfs.wbdg.org/site-development/index.html

Comply with AF Corporate Standards for Site Design / NEPA:

http://afcfs.wbdg.org/site-development/site-design-nepa/index.html

C01.1. Site Design Considerations

Applicable N/A Large graphics do not apply

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Insert Site Design Considerations

Integration of Open Space Seating

Plaza adjacent to Primary Entrance

Developed Building Setback Area

1. Collect documentation to validate approvals and completion of the NEPA process.

2. Ensure site design compliance with the Installation Development Plan (IDP) and its component plans and Installation Facilities Standards (IFS).

3. Promote integrated design with on-site solutions such as engineered small-scale hydrologic controls versus base-wide infrastructure; consider open space, natural features, bioswales, building roofs, streets, and paved surfaces.

4. Limit the impact of development on land and water resources. Promote sustainability, reduced energy demand, renewable-energy usage, and water conservation.

5. Consider energy conservation during site design for the following categories: building and site lighting, auxiliary systems and equipment (refrigerators, elevators, etc.), building envelope, electric power and distribution, HVAC systems and equipment, service hot water, energy management (metering, EMCS).

6. Consider on-site renewable-energy systems and components to minimize area requirements and maximize efficiencies.

Appropriately buffer and screen these and other mechanical systems and equipment.

7. New building projects must preserve mature specimen trees as part of the natural habitat.

8. Design sites to minimize irrigation and impacts to stormwater runoff.

9. Consider relationships to adjacent facilities and district / centralized heating and cooling infrastructure and cost effectively connect building systems or other beneficial byproducts.

10. Purposefully integrate service access, receiving and storage areas to reduce the need for visual screening.

Page 32 of 144Laughlin Air Force Base IFS Back to Table of Contents

11. Appropriately connect to the base network of streets, sidewalks and trails using drive aisles, parking areas, walkways, paths, and bicycle routes addressing both vehicles and pedestrians.

12. Consider heat island mitigation in paving and roof designs when implementing an integrated approach to stormwater management.

13. Consider the location of “Designated Tobacco Areas.”

C01.2. Building Orientation

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (large: 800 px x 440 px) to insert 1 Image Tool 800 x 440

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (small: 250 px x 188 px) to insert 6 Image Tool 250 x 188

Insert Building Orientation graphic

Conceptual Site Analysis and Site Design Diagram

Local Solar Data

Local Climate Data

Site Data

Page 33 of 144Laughlin Air Force Base IFS Back to Table of Contents

East-West Axis

Optimum Solar Control

Maximized Shading

1. Ensure the site for new buildings will accommodate optimum requirements for building orientation, which is with the long axis parallel to the east/west direction for rectilinear CONUS buildings.

2. Meet Installation Facilities Standards (IFS) requirements for the locations of the building's passive and renewable-energy systems --including geothermal and solar systems --and exterior shading systems.

3. Locate the building(s) and permitted ancillary structures to promote solar gain, solar shading, natural ventilation, rainwater harvesting, wind buffering and other beneficial passive systems. Consider natural ventilation during the design of HVAC systems.

4. Consider relationships to adjacent sites and their facilities and infrastructure, and cost effectively integrate building systems to harvest heat, grey water or other beneficial byproducts.

5. Consider the “public side” of the building, its views and the location of the main entrance.

C02. UTILITIES

Comply with AF Corporate Standards for Site Development:

http://afcfs.wbdg.org/site-development/index.html

Comply with AF Corporate Standards for Utilities:

http://afcfs.wbdg.org/site-development/utilities/index.html

C02.1. Utility Components

Applicable N/A Large graphics do not apply

Applicable N/A Select number of graphics / images (small: 250 px x 188 px) to insert 6 Image Tool 250 x 188

Insert Utility Components graphic

Ground Mounted HVAC equipment

Pad Mounted Equipment

Free Standing Frame Mounted Panels

Page 34 of 144Laughlin Air Force Base IFS Back to Table of Contents

Above-Ground Electrical Service

Water Storage Elements

Base Standard Color

1. Provide all on-site utility service lines below grade for Facility Group 1; when mounting elements (such as utility cabinets, communications equipment and water valves) above grade is unavoidable, paint these consistently and provide visual screening following Installation Facilities Standards (IFS).

2. Provide installation of utility infrastructure to support near term and future electric vehicle charging stations after a thorough analysis determining viability.

3. Define all service entry points into the building and route distribution below grade into an interior space within the facility;

exposed conduits, cables and wires on exterior walls are not permitted for Facility Group 1.

4. Include consideration of appropriate placement of meters in support of Automated Revenue Management Services…