Amd 5 Attach 6 Hazardous.pdf

ATTACHMENT 6

DOD MANUAL 4715.05, VOLUME 4, OVERSEAS ENVIRONMENTAL

BASELINE GUIDANCE DOCUMENT:

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, STORAGE TANKS, SPILL, AND PESTICIDES

SPE603-22-R-0506

NAS SOUDA BAY, GREECE

DOD MANUAL 4715.05, VOLUME 4

OVERSEAS ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE GUIDANCE

DOCUMENT: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, STORAGE TANKS,

SPILLS, AND PESTICIDES

Originating Component: Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment

Effective: June 29, 2020

Releasability: Cleared for public release. Available on the Directives Division Website at http://www.esd.whs.mil/DD/.

Approved by: W. Jordan Gillis, Assistant Secretary of Defense for Sustainment.

Purpose: This manual, known as the OEBGD, is composed of multiple volumes, each addressing specific areas of environmental management such as conservation; air and toxics; water; hazardous materials, storage tanks, spills, and pesticides; and waste. In accordance with the authority in DoD

Directives (DoDDs) 5134.01 and 4715.1E and the July 13, 2018 Deputy Secretary of Defense memorandum, and the requirements in DoD Instruction (DoDI) 4715.05:

This manual:

o Implements policy, assigns responsibilities, and provides standards to protect human health and the environment on enduring installations under DoD control outside the United States.

o Considers and, where relevant, incorporates generally accepted federal environmental standards applicable to DoD installations, facilities, and actions in the United States, and incorporates requirements of U.S. law that have extraterritorial application to the DoD.

o Is used by DoD lead environmental components (LECs) to establish and update final governing standards (FGSs).

o Establishes baseline environmental standards for installations in countries for which an FGS is not required or has not been developed.

This volume identifies environmental standards for installations to ensure:

o The safe handling and storage of hazardous materials.

DoDM 4715.05-V4, June 29, 2020 o The prevention and control of pollution from the storage, transport, and distribution of petroleum, oil, and lubricants (POL).

o The prevention and control of pollution from POL and hazardous substances stored in underground storage tank (UST) systems.

o The planning, prevention, control, and reporting of POL and hazardous substance spills.

o The safe storage and use of pesticides.

TABLE OF CONTENTS 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION 1: GENERAL ISSUANCE INFORMATION

1.1. Applicability

1.2. Policy

1.3. Information Collections

SECTION 2: RESPONSIBILITIES

2.1. DoD Component Heads

2.2. Combatant Commanders

2.3. Commander, United States European Command (USEUCOM)

SECTION 3: GENERAL OEBGD GUIDANCE

3.1. Use of This Volume and FGSs

3.2. Hazardous Materials, Storage Tanks, Spills, and Pesticides Management

3.3. Effective Dates

3.4. Noncompliance Terminology

3.5. Sampling and Analytical Considerations

3.6. Recordkeeping

3.7. Related Programs

SECTION 4: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

4.1. Introduction

4.2. General

4.3. Storage and Handling

4.4. Pre-Transport Requirements

SECTION 5: POL

5.1. Introduction

5.2. General

5.3. Personnel Training

5.4. POL Storage Containers

a. Design and Construction

b. Inspections and Testing

c. Secondary Containment

d. Additional Requirements for Storage Vessels

e. Storage Container Wastes

5.5. Oil-Filled Operational Equipment

5.6. Transport and Distribution

a. Loading and Unloading Racks and Transfer Areas

b. POL Pipeline Facilities

c. Bulk Gasoline Plants

d. Gasoline Dispensing Facilities (GDFs)

5.7. Recordkeeping

SECTION 6: USTS

6.1. Introduction

6.2. General

6.3. New and Existing UST Systems

6.4. Design, Construction, and Installation

TABLE OF CONTENTS 4

a. Tank Design, Construction, and Installation

b. Piping Design, Construction, and Installation

c. Spill and Overfill Protection Equipment Design, Construction, and Installation

d. Dispenser System Design, Construction, and Installation

6.5. O&M

a. Spill and Overfill Prevention O&M

b. Corrosion Protection O&M

c. Compatibility O&M

d. Release Detection System O&M

e. Repairs to UST Systems

f. Inventory

6.6. Operator Training

a. Designation of Class A, B, and C Operators

b. Operator Training Content

c. Timing of UST System Operator Training

d. Retraining of UST System Operators

e. Documentation

6.7. Specialty UST Systems

a. Specialty UST System Requirements

b. Exceptions and Alternatives for Specialty UST Systems

6.8. Release Response

6.9. Out-of-Service Systems and Closure

6.10. Recordkeeping

SECTION 7: SPILL PREVENTION AND RESPONSE

7.1. Introduction

7.2. Spill Prevention and Response Plans

a. Plan Updates

b. Plan Certification

c. Prevention Section

d. Spill Control Section

e. Reporting Section

f. Training Section

7.3. Spill Response

7.4. Reporting

7.5. Personnel Training

7.6. Recordkeeping

APPENDIX 7A: DETERMINATION OF WCD PLANNING VOLUME

a. Facilities with a Single Storage Container

b. Facilities with Multiple Storage Containers

SECTION 8: PESTICIDES

8.1. Introduction

8.2. IPM Plans

8.3. IPM Coordinator

8.4. Pest Management Contractors

8.5. Requirements for Pesticide Applicators

TABLE OF CONTENTS 5

8.6. Storage, Use, and Disposal of Pesticides

8.7. Reports and Recordkeeping

GLOSSARY

G.1. Acronyms

G.2. Definitions

REFERENCES

TABLES

Table 1. Typical Characteristics of Hazardous Materials Table 2. Storage Vessels Requirements for Petroleum Liquids Table 3. UST System Operator Training Requirements Table 4. Specialty UST System Maximum Release Detection Rate per Test Section Volume .. 38 Table 5. Specialty UST System Phase-in for Piping Segments Greater Than or Equal to 378,541

Liters [100,000 Gallons] in Volume

Table 6. UST System Recordkeeping Requirements

FIGURES

Figure 1. Pipe Discharge Calculation

SECTION 1: GENERAL ISSUANCE INFORMATION 6

SECTION 1: GENERAL ISSUANCE INFORMATION

1.1. APPLICABILITY.

This volume:

a. Applies to:

(1) OSD, the Military Departments, the Office of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of

Staff (CJCS) and the Joint Staff, the Combatant Commands, the Office of the Inspector General of the Department of Defense, the Defense Agencies, the DoD Field Activities, and all other organizational entities within the DoD (referred to collectively in this issuance as the “DoD

Components”).

(2) Actions of the DoD Components on installations, as defined in DoDI 4715.05, under

DoD control outside the United States.

(3) Support functions for U.S. military vessels, ships, aircraft, and space vehicles provided by the DoD Components, including management and disposal of off-loaded waste or hazardous materials.

b. Does not apply to:

(1) U.S. military vessels, ships, aircraft, or space vehicles.

(2) Off-installation training.

(3) Contingency locations, which are addressed in DoDI 4715.22.

(4) Facilities and activities associated with the Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program, in accordance with Executive Order (E.O.) 12344 and conducted pursuant to Section 7158 of

Title 42, United States Code.

(5) Actions to remediate environmental contamination, which are addressed in

DoDI 4715.08.

(6) Environmental analyses conducted in accordance with E.O. 12114.

(7) DoD installations that do not have the potential to affect the natural environment

(e.g., activities that are primarily administrative) or where, in consultation with the Assistant

Secretary of Defense for Sustainment (ASD(Sustainment)), the geographic Combatant

Commander has determined that no significant force health protection or environmental threats exist.

(8) Activities, systems, operations, and areas where DoD has no authority or responsibility including Cooperative Security Locations.

SECTION 1: GENERAL ISSUANCE INFORMATION 7

c. Does not create any rights or obligations enforceable against the United States, DoD, or any of its components, nor does it create any standard of care or practice for individuals.

Although this manual refers to other DoDDs, DoDIs, and DoD manuals (DoDMs), it is intended only to coordinate the requirements of those issuances as required to implement the policies in

DoDI 4715.05. This manual does not change other DoDDs, DoDIs, or DoDMs or alter DoD policies. Conflicts, issues, or concerns related to the country-specific FGS or this manual should be presented to the LEC or the Combatant Commander, as appropriate.

1.2. POLICY.

In accordance with the policy in DoDI 4715.05, the DoD:

a. Manages and applies installation assets to sustain the DoD national defense mission; uses environmental, safety, and occupational health management systems in mission planning and execution across all military operations and activities; and ensures all organizations plan, program, and budget to manage the environmental, safety, and occupational health risks that their activities generate in accordance with DoDD 4715.1E.

b. Establishes, maintains, and complies with the FGSs to protect human health and the environment for those foreign countries identified by the Under Secretary of Defense for

Acquisition and Sustainment. The FGSs will reconcile the requirements of applicable international agreements and applicable host-nation environmental standards with E.O. 12088 and this manual.

1.3. INFORMATION COLLECTIONS.

DD Form 1532-1, “Pest Management Maintenance Record,” referred to in Paragraph 8.7., has been assigned Office of Management and Budget control number 0704-0188 and report control symbol DD-AT&L(A,AR)1080 and is prescribed in Volume 1 of DoDM 4150.07. The expiration date of this information collection is listed in the DoD Information Collections System at https://apps.sp.pentagon.mil/sites/dodiic/Pages/default.aspx.

SECTION 2: RESPONSIBILITIES 8

SECTION 2: RESPONSIBILITIES

2.1. DOD COMPONENT HEADS.

The DoD Component heads:

a. Implement the procedures in this volume when no FGS applies.

b. Plan, program, and budget to meet the standards contained in this volume.

2.2. COMBATANT COMMANDERS.

In addition to the responsibilities in Paragraph 2.1. and through the CJCS, the Combatant

Commanders:

a. Provide general oversight and coordination with the DoD LECs, as necessary, to carry out their missions in accordance with this volume.

b. Adjudicate requests for exceptions to the requirements of this volume in accordance with

DoDI 4715.05, when the Military Department requesting the exception is also the DoD LEC.

When the Combatant Commander is the DoD LEC and requests an exception, the request is elevated to the ASD(Sustainment) for adjudication.

2.3. COMMANDER, UNITED STATES EUROPEAN COMMAND (USEUCOM).

The Commander, USEUCOM, is designated as the DoD Theater Environmental Coordinator for

Europe due to the unique construct and influence of the European Union. In addition to the responsibilities in Paragraphs 2.1. and 2.2., the Commander, USEUCOM, oversees the consistent application of this volume at installations within the European Union and geographically located within the USEUCOM area of responsibility. Additional guidance is provided in Enclosure 4 of

DoDI 4715.05.

SECTION 3: GENERAL OEBGD GUIDANCE 9

SECTION 3: GENERAL OEBGD GUIDANCE

3.1. USE OF THIS VOLUME AND FGSS.

DoD LECs use this volume to conduct the comparative analysis of Hazardous Materials, Storage tanks, Spills, and Pesticides required to develop each country-specific FGS. The comparative analysis considers HN environmental standards, international agreements, and the standards found in this volume, with the more protective standard being used to establish the FGS. The

FGSs ensure consistent application of environmental standards for all installations operated by

DoD Components within an HN. Compliance with the standards of this volume is achieved by complying with the current FGSs, since the standards of this volume are reflected in the FGSs.

In cases where updates or revisions to this volume have not yet been considered and incorporated into an FGS, installations must comply with the more protective standard, whether it is found in this volume or the FGS.

a. For DoD Components on DoD installations in foreign countries for which FGSs are not required, or have yet to be established, installations must comply with applicable international agreements, applicable HN environmental standards pursuant to Section 1-801 of E.O. 12088 and this volume. In cases of conflicting requirements, the DoD Components will normally comply with the standard that is more protective of human health and the environment.

b. DoD Components will consult with the DoD LEC or, if no DoD LEC is designated, with the applicable Combatant Commander on actions that could seriously affect mission, involve a substantial commitment of funds, or set a precedent.

3.2. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, STORAGE TANKS, SPILLS, AND PESTICIDES

MANAGEMENT.

This volume contains standards for the management of hazardous materials, storage tanks, spills, and pesticides on DoD installations outside the United States. These standards apply to all facilities, tenants, operations, and activities under DoD control on the installation.

3.3. EFFECTIVE DATES.

Standards identified in this manual are effective immediately upon publication. Installations and

DoD Components must plan, program, and budget in accordance with Section 6 of Enclosure 3 of DoDI 4715.05.

3.4. NONCOMPLIANCE TERMINOLOGY. Terms such as “noncompliance,” “out of compliance,” “violation,” “exceedance,” “nonconformity,” and “nonconformance” are used synonymously to describe the condition of failing to meet a standard or a specific limit or value within a standard in this manual.

SECTION 3: GENERAL OEBGD GUIDANCE 10

3.5. SAMPLING AND ANALYTICAL CONSIDERATIONS.

a. In many cases, standards of this manual are based on specific monitoring, sampling, and analytical methods that must be considered when determining compliance or comparing with HN standards.

b. Laboratory analyses necessary to implement the FGS or this volume must normally be conducted in a laboratory that has been certified by a U.S. or HN regulatory authority, or accredited through the DoD Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program, for the applicable test method and follows required quality assurance and quality control protocol. In the absence of a certified laboratory, analyses may also be conducted at a laboratory that has an established reliable record of quality assurance compliance with standards for the applicable test method that are generally recognized by appropriate industry or scientific organizations.

c. Field sample and data collection must be conducted by personnel with demonstrated experience in the applicable test method and sampling. All procedures used for testing, quality assurance, and reporting of results should be those commonly accepted in the field of air pollution control.

3.6. RECORDKEEPING.

All records generated while implementing the standards in this manual must be maintained by installations in accordance with the FGS, this manual, DoDI 5015.02, and DoD Component policies.

3.7. RELATED PROGRAMS.

Additional guidance about related programs and initiatives that may apply outside the United

States is included in other DoD policies and issuances.

a. Pollution prevention is addressed in DoDD 4715.1E and DoDIs 4715.23 and 4150.07.

b. Sustainable procurement is addressed in DoDI 4105.72.

c. Hazard communication is addressed in DoDI 6050.05.

d. Safety and occupational health is addressed in DoDIs 6055.01 and 6055.05.

SECTION 4: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 11

SECTION 4: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

4.1. INTRODUCTION.

This section contains standards on the safe handling and storage of hazardous materials. It addresses some of the hazard communication, safety, and occupational health topics covered more fully in DoDI 6050.05. It does not cover:a. Solid, medical, and hazardous waste, which are covered in Volume 5 of this manual.

b. Storage of POL, UST systems, and related spill planning and response requirements, which are covered in Sections 5, 6, and 7.

c. Transportation of hazardous materials, which is covered in Parts I, II, III, and IV of

Defense Transportation Regulation (DTR) 4500.9-R.

d. Ammunition and explosives, which are covered in DoD 6055.09-M.

e. Radioactive materials, which are covered in DoD 4715.6-R.

4.2. GENERAL.

a. Materials that exhibit any of the characteristics in Table 1 are considered hazardous.

Table 1. Typical Characteristics of Hazardous Materials

TYPE OF HAZARD CHARACTERISTICS

Physical Explosive, flammable (gases, aerosols, liquids, or solids), oxidizer

(liquid, solid or gas), self-reactive, pyrophoric (liquid or solid), self-heating, organic peroxide, corrosive to metal, gas under pressure, or when in contact with water emits flammable gas.

Health Acute toxicity (any route of exposure), skin corrosion or irritation, serious eye damage or eye irritation, respiratory or skin sensitization, germ cell mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, specific target organ toxicity (single or repeated exposure), or aspiration hazard.

Asphyxiant Simple asphyxiant that displaces oxygen in the ambient atmosphere, and can thus cause oxygen deprivation in those who are exposed, leading to unconsciousness and death.

Combustible Dust Solid particles of a substance or mixture suspended in a gas (usually air) that are combustible.

Pyrophoric Gas A gas that will ignite spontaneously in air at a temperature of 54.4 degrees Celsius [130 degrees Fahrenheit] or below.

HN Regulated The item or its disposal is regulated by the HN because of its hazardous nature.

SECTION 4: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 12

b. All personnel who use, handle, or store hazardous materials must be trained in accordance with, and comply with, DoDI 6050.05.

c. DoD installations should reduce the use of hazardous materials where practical through reissuance, resource recovery, recycling, source reduction, sustainable procurement, substitution, or other minimization strategies in accordance with Service guidance on improved hazardous material management processes and techniques.

d. All hazardous materials excess to the installation must be processed through the Defense

Logistics Agency Disposition Services in accordance with the procedures in Volume 4 of DoDM

4160.21. This section is not intended to prohibit the transfer of usable hazardous materials between DoD activities.

4.3. STORAGE AND HANDLING.

a. Installations must store hazardous materials in such a way as to prevent exposure to precipitation, facilitate spill response, and provide appropriate secondary containment.

Hazardous material facility requirements are outlined in Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) 4-440-

01 and DLAI 4145.11/TM 38-410/NAVSUP PUB 573/AFJMAN 23-209/MCO 4450.12A.

b. Each installation must maintain a master listing of all hazardous material storage locations as well as an inventory of all hazardous materials contained therein. See Paragraph 7.2.c.(3) for details regarding hazardous substance inventory.

c. The installation must prevent the unauthorized entry of persons or livestock into hazardous material storage areas.

d. All hazardous materials on DoD installations must have a hazardous material warning label in accordance with DoDI 6050.05, or comparable HN requirements. Hazardous materials must also have safety data sheet (SDS) information either available or in the Hazardous Material

Information Resource System (HMIRS) in accordance with DoDI 6050.05 and other DoD

Component instructions. Materials containing ozone depleting substances must be labelled in accordance with Paragraph 4.9.b. of Volume 2. These requirements apply throughout the life-cycle of these materials.

e. Each work center must maintain a file of SDSs for each hazardous material procured, stored, or used at the work, center that’s accessible to personnel. SDSs that are not contained in the HMIRS and SDSs prepared for locally purchased items must be submitted by the installation for addition into the HMIRS. SDSs must be submitted through HMIRS points of contact as identified at http://www.dla.mil/HQ/InformationOperations/Offers/Products/LogisticsApplications/HMIRS.as

px. Each SDS must be in both English and the predominant language in the workplace and include information on:

(1) Identification.

(2) Hazard(s) identification.

SECTION 4: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 13

(3) Composition and information on ingredients.

(4) First-aid measures.

(5) Firefighting measures.

(6) Accidental release measures.

(7) Handling and storage.

(8) Exposure control and personal protection.

(9) Physical and chemical properties.

(10) Stability and reactivity.

(11) Toxicology information.

(12) Preparation or last revision.

(13) Ecological information (optional).

(14) Disposal considerations (optional).

f. Hazardous material dispensing areas must be properly maintained. Installations must:

(1) Ensure drums and containers are not leaking.

(2) Provide appropriate secondary containment and place drip pans and absorbent materials under containers, as necessary, to collect drips or spills.

(3) Clearly mark container contents.

(4) Locate dispensing areas away from catch basins and floor and storm drains.

4.4. PRE-TRANSPORT REQUIREMENTS.

Installations must ensure that before each hazardous material shipment:a. The shipment is accompanied by shipping papers that clearly describe the quantity and identity of the material and includes an SDS.

b. All drivers:

(1) Have the appropriate valid driver’s license in accordance with Part II of

DTR 4500.9- R.

SECTION 4: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 14

(2) Are trained on the hazardous material included in the shipment, including health risks of exposure and the physical hazards of the material, including potential for fire, explosion, and reactivity.

(3) Are trained on spill control and emergency notification procedures.

(4) Perform a walk-around inspection before and after the hazardous material is loaded.

c. Hazardous material containers are labeled in accordance with Paragraph 4.3.d.

d. The requirements for transport outlined in Part II of DTR 4500.9-R have been met before releasing the shipment.

SECTION 5: POL 15

SECTION 5: POL

5.1. INTRODUCTION.

This section contains standards on the prevention and control of pollution resulting from the storage, transport, and distribution of POL. a. Standards for UST systems containing POL or hazardous substances are addressed in Section 6, except:

(1) USTs that are considered storage vessels and covered in Paragraph 5.4.d.

(2) Specialty UST systems that also are considered aboveground storage containers or below ground storage containers. Those systems may also be subject to the standards of this section. Installations must evaluate such UST systems to determine applicability of standards and comply with such standards, as practicable.

b. POL spill prevention and response standards are contained in Section 7.

5.2. GENERAL.

Installations that are considered POL facilities must comply with the applicable requirements of this section based on the type and capacity of POL storage and the type of POL transport and distribution activities. All installations, whether considered POL facilities or not, must comply with the spill prevention and response requirements of Section 7 and the requirements of

Paragraphs 5.6.c. and 5.6.d., as applicable.

5.3. PERSONNEL TRAINING.

At a minimum, all personnel handling POL must be trained annually on:a. General facility operations.

b. Operation and maintenance (O&M) of equipment to prevent accidental discharges.

c. Spill response procedures.

d. Contents of the Spill Prevention and Response Plan.

SECTION 5: POL 16

5.4. POL STORAGE CONTAINERS.

a. Design and Construction.

(1) All POL Storage Containers.

POL storage containers must be designed or modernized in accordance with industry standards and practices to prevent unintentional discharges.

(a) The material and construction of POL storage containers must be compatible with the material stored.

(b) Design must be in accordance with industry standards and practices.

(c) Except for mobile refuelers, POL storage containers must have adequate spill and leak prevention options (such as overfill alarms and flow shutoff or restrictor devices).

(2) Below Ground and Partially Buried Aboveground Storage Containers.

Completely and partially buried metallic POL containers and piping must be protected from corrosion in accordance with industry standards and practices.

b. Inspections and Testing.

(1) All POL Storage Containers.

(a) All containers must be inspected and tested and results documented in accordance with industry standards and practices, such as American Petroleum Institute (API), Steel Tank

Institute (STI), and UFC.

(b) All aboveground valves, piping, and equipment associated with POL storage containers must be inspected in accordance with industry standards and practices.

(c) Except for mobile refuelers and mobile aboveground storage containers, liquid level sensing devices must be tested to ensure proper operation.

(2) Buried Piping.

Buried piping associated with POL storage containers must be tested for integrity and leaks at the time of installation, modification, construction, relocation, or replacement.

(3) Below Ground Storage Containers.

Below ground storage containers must be tested for leaks regularly and at the time of installation, modification, construction, relocation, or replacement.

c. Secondary Containment.

(1) All POL Storage Containers.

SECTION 5: POL 17

If a professional engineer or HN equivalent determines that secondary containment methods are impractical, they may waive these standards while implementing and documenting alternative measures of protection taken to prevent and contain oil discharges.

(a) POL storage containers must be provided with a sized secondary means of containment (e.g., dike) capable of holding the entire contents of the largest single tank plus sufficient freeboard to allow for precipitation and expansion of product. This does not include mobile refuelers and mobile aboveground storage containers. POL storage containers that are equipped with adequate engineered spill and leak prevention options (such as overfill alarms and flow shutoff or restrictor devices) may provide secondary containment by using a double-wall container.

(b) POL storage containers (fixed and mobile) must have a general secondary containment analysis to identify and contain likely releases from all parts of the container system. This includes transfer of POL into and out of the container as well as leakage or rupture of all valves and aboveground and underground pipes. Appropriate general secondary containment measures must be identified and put in place.

(2) Below Ground Storage Containers.

Completely buried containers not subject to UST standards can alternatively meet the secondary containment standards by using a leak barrier with leak detection equipment and basin.

(3) Mobile Refuelers and Mobile Aboveground Storage Containers.

Mobile refuelers and mobile aboveground storage containers must be provided general secondary containment when parked and positioned to prevent discharges into waters of the HN.

(4) Containment Area Permeability.

Permeability for containment areas may not exceed 10-7 centimeters per second.

(5) Containment Area Drainage.

Drainage of stormwater from containment areas must be controlled by a valve that is locked closed when not in active use. Stormwater must be inspected and documented for petroleum sheen before being drained from containment areas. If a petroleum sheen is present, it must be collected with sorbent materials before drainage or treated using an oil-water separator.

Sorbent materials exhibiting the hazardous characteristics in Appendix 5A of Volume 5 must be managed and disposed of in accordance with Section 5 of Volume 5.

d. Additional Requirements for Storage Vessels.

(1) Storage vessel designs must comply with the requirements listed in Table 2.

(2) Storage vessels and emission controls must follow industry standards and practices for proper O&M.

SECTION 5: POL 18

Table 2. Storage Vessels Requirements for Petroleum Liquids

DATES STORAGE CAPACITY REQUIREMENT

Construction after

March 8, 1974 and before May 19, 1978

Greater than 151,416 liters

[40,000 gallons] but not exceeding 246,052 liters

[65,000 gallons]

If vapor pressure equal to or greater than 10.3 kPa [1.5 psia] but not greater than 76.6 kPa [11.1 psia], the storage vessel must be equipped with:

A floating roof;

A vapor recovery system; or Their equivalents.

If vapor pressure is greater than 570 millimeters of mercury [11.1 psia], the storage vessel must be equipped with a vapor recovery system or its equivalent.

Construction or modification after

June 11, 1973 and before May 19, 1978

Greater than 246,052 liters

[65,000 gallons]

Began construction after May 18, 1978 and before July 23, Greater than 151,416 liters

[40,000 gallons]a

If vapor pressure equal to or greater than 10.3 (kPa) [1.5 psia)] but not greater than 76.6 kPa [11.1 psia], the storage vessel must be equipped with:

An external floating roof;

A fixed roof with an internal floating type cover equipped with a continuous closure device between the tank wall and the cover edge; or

A vapor recovery system and a vapor return or disposal system.

Began construction, reconstruction, or modification after

July 23, 1984

Greater than or equal to

75,000 liters [19,813 gallons] but less than

151,000 liters [39,890 gallons]

If maximum vapor pressure equal to or greater than 27.6 kPa [4.0 psia] but less than 76.6 kPa [11.1 psia], then each storage vessel must be equipped with:

A fixed roof in combination with an internal floating roof;

An external floating roof; or

A closed vent system and control device.

Began construction, reconstruction, or modification after July

23, 1984

Greater than or equal to

75,000 liters [19,813 gallons]

If maximum vapor pressure equal to or greater than or equal to 76.6 kPa [11.1 psia], then each storage vessel must be equipped with:

A closed vent system and control device, or its equivalent

Began construction, reconstruction, or modification after

July 23, 1984

Greater than or equal to

151,000 liters [39,890 gallons]

If maximum vapor pressure equal to or greater than 5.2 kPa [0.75 psia] but less than 76.6 kPa [11.1 psia], then each storage vessel must be equipped with:

A fixed roof in combination with an internal floating roof;

An external floating roof; or

A closed vent system and control device.

kPa = kilopascal; psia = pounds per square inch absolute

e. Storage Container Wastes.

(1) POL storage container wastes (e.g., sludges, residues, and bottom waters) must be characterized in accordance with Paragraph 5.4. of Volume 5 to determine if they are hazardous.

If a waste exhibits a characteristic of hazardous waste as defined in Appendix 5A of Volume 5, it must be handled and disposed of in accordance with the requirements of Section 5 of Volume 5.

SECTION 5: POL 19

(2) If testing confirms that a storage container waste does not exhibit a characteristic and is not hazardous, it must be managed and disposed of in accordance with the solid waste requirements of Section 4 of Volume 5 or the wastewater requirements of Section 5 of Volume

3, as appropriate.

5.5. OIL-FILLED OPERATIONAL EQUIPMENT.

General secondary containment must be provided for oil-filled operational equipment. This general secondary containment is not required for facilities that have not had a single discharge from oil-filled operational equipment greater than 3,785 liters [1,000 gallons] or two discharges greater than 159 liters [42 gallons] within the past 12 months. If general secondary containment is not provided, the facility must:a. Have a written inspection and monitoring program to detect oil-filled equipment failure or discharges.

b. Have a written commitment of manpower, equipment, and materials required to expeditiously control and remove any quantity of oil discharged.

c. Include this information in the facility Spill Prevention and Response Plan.

5.6. TRANSPORT AND DISTRIBUTION.

a. Loading and Unloading Racks and Transfer Areas.

(1) Secondary Containment.

(a) Loading and Unloading Racks. Sized secondary containment must be provided that is designed to handle discharges of at least the maximum capacity of any single compartment of a rail car or tank truck loaded or unloaded at the loading or unloading rack.

(b) Transfer Areas. General secondary containment, appropriate containment or diversionary structures like dikes, berms, culverts, spill diversion ponds, or equipment such as sorbent materials, weirs, booms, other barriers, must be provided at transfer areas to prevent a discharge of POL.

(2) Departing Vehicle Warning Systems and Barriers.

At loading and unloading racks, an interlocked warning light or physical barrier system, warning signs, wheel chocks, or vehicle break interlock system must be provided to prevent vehicles from departing before complete disconnection of flexible or fixed oil transfer lines.

(3) Vehicle Inspections.

At both loading and unloading racks and transfer areas, before departure of any tank car or tank truck, the lowermost drain and all outlets of such vehicles must be closely inspected for discharges and, if necessary, tightened, adjusted, or replaced to prevent liquid discharge while in transit.

SECTION 5: POL 20

b. POL Pipeline Facilities.

All pipeline facilities carrying POL must be inspected, tested, and maintained in accordance with industry standards and practices, including:(1) Each pipeline operator handling

POL must prepare and follow a procedural manual for operations, maintenance, and emergencies.

(2) Each new pipeline facility, and each facility in which piping has been replaced or relocated, must be tested in accordance with industry standards and practices, without leakage, before being placed in service.

(3) All new POL pipeline facilities must be designed and constructed to meet industry standards and practices such as API, STI, or UFC.

c. Bulk Gasoline Plants.

The following requirements apply to the loading of gasoline into storage tanks with a capacity of 946 liters [250 gallons] or more, or the loading of gasoline into all cargo tanks. Bulk gasoline plant requirements do not apply to loading of aviation gasoline into storage tanks at airports or the subsequent transfer of aviation gasoline within the airport. (1) Gasoline

Handling.

Gasoline must not be handled in a manner that results in vapor release to the atmosphere for an extended period of time. Measures to be taken include, but are not limited to:

(a) Minimize gasoline spills and clean up spills as expeditiously as practicable.

(b) Cover all open gasoline containers and all gasoline storage tank fill-pipes with a gasketed seal when not in use.

(c) Minimize gasoline sent to open waste collection systems that collect and transport gasoline to reclamation and recycling devices, such as oil and water separators.

(2) Submerged Filling.

Gasoline must only be loaded into storage tanks and cargo tanks using submerged filling.

(3) Inspections.

Monthly leak inspection of all equipment in gasoline service at the facility must be performed. Document each inspection in a log book. Include a list, summary description, or diagram in the log book showing the location of all equipment in gasoline service.

SECTION 5: POL 21

(4) Leak Repair.

Initial repair must be performed as soon as possible, but no later than 5 calendar days after the leak is detected. Repair or replacement of leaking equipment must be completed within

15 calendar days after detection, if practicable.

d. Gasoline Dispensing Facilities (GDFs).

The following requirements apply to the loading of gasoline storage tanks at a GDF, based on monthly throughput of the GDF. If an installation has two or more GDFs at separate locations within the installation, each GDF must be treated separately. GDF requirements do not apply to loading of aviation gasoline into storage tanks at airports or the subsequent transfer of aviation gasoline within the airport. Installations must ensure that each gasoline storage tank located at a GDF and gasoline cargo tank (i.e., tanker truck or railcar) that deliver gasoline to or from a GDF complies with the following requirements:(1) GDF with Monthly Throughput Less

Than 37,854 Liters [10,000 Gallons]. Gasoline must not be handled in a manner that would result in vapor releases to the atmosphere for extended periods of time. Measures to be taken include, but are not limited to:

(a) Minimizing gasoline spills and cleaning up spills as expeditiously as practicable.

(b) Covering all open gasoline containers and all gasoline storage tank fill-pipes with a gasketed seal when not in use.

(c) Minimizing gasoline sent to open waste collection systems that collect and transport gasoline to reclamation and recycling devices, such as oil/water separators.

(2) GDF with Monthly Throughput Greater Than or Equal to 37,854 Liters [10,000

Gallons]. Measures to be taken include, but are not limited to:

(a) Complying with the requirements of Paragraph 5.6.d.(1).

(b) Only loading gasoline into storage tanks using submerged filling.

(3) GDF with Monthly Throughput Greater Than or Equal to 378,541 Liters [100,000

Gallons]. Measures to be taken include, but are not limited to:

(a) Complying with the requirements of Paragraphs 5.6.d.(1) and 5.6.d.(2).

(b) Installing and operating a vapor balance system on each storage tank at the GDF.

At a minimum, each vapor balance system must meet all of these design standards:

1. All vapor connections and lines on the storage tank must be equipped with closures that seal upon disconnect.

2. The vapor line from the gasoline storage tank to the gasoline cargo tank must be vapor-tight.

SECTION 5: POL 22

3. The pressure in the tank truck must not exceed 4.5 kPa [18 inches water] pressure or 1.5 kPa [5.9 inches water] vacuum during product transfer.

4. The vapor recovery and product adaptors, and the method of connection with the delivery elbow, must prevent the overtightening or loosening of fittings during normal delivery operations.

5. If a gauge well separate from the fill tube is used, it must be provided with a submerged drop tube.

6. Liquid fill connections for all systems must be equipped with vapor-tight caps.

7. Pressure/vacuum vent valves must be installed on the storage tank vent pipes.

The pressure specifications for pressure/vacuum vent valves must be a positive pressure setting of 0.6 to 1.5 kPa [2.5 to 6.0 inches of water] and a negative pressure setting of 1.5 to 2.5 kPa [6.0 to 10.0 inches of water].

8. Storage tanks constructed after November 9, 2006, must be equipped with a dual-point vapor balance system (i.e., a vapor balance system in which the storage tank is equipped with an entry port for a gasoline fill pipe and a separate exit port for a vapor connection).

(c) Ensuring cargo tanks unloading at a GDF where the storage tanks are equipped with vapor balance systems comply with certain management practices. These practices require meeting all of these conditions before transferring gasoline from the cargo tank to the storage tank:

1. All hoses in the vapor balance system are properly connected.

2. The adapters or couplers that attach to the vapor line on the storage tank have closures that seal upon disconnect.

3. All vapor return hoses, couplers, and adapters used in the gasoline delivery are vapor-tight.

4. All tank truck vapor return equipment must be compatible in size and form a vapor-tight connection with the vapor balance equipment on the GDF storage tank.

5. All hatches on the tank truck are closed and securely fastened.

6. The filling of storage tanks at GDFs is limited to unloading from vapor-tight gasoline cargo tanks.

SECTION 5: POL 23

5.7. RECORDKEEPING.

Installations must maintain records associated with POL design and construction, inspections and testing, secondary containment, and other standards of this section. Such recordkeeping may be performed as part of the spill prevention and response standards in Section 7.

SECTION 6: USTS 24

SECTION 6: USTS

6.1. INTRODUCTION.

This section contains standards on the prevention and control of pollution resulting from POL and hazardous substances stored in UST systems.

6.2. GENERAL.

a. The standards in this section apply to all UST systems, except for the following excluded

UST systems:

(1) Any UST system holding hazardous waste. See Section 5 of Volume 5.

(2) Any wastewater treatment tank that is part of a wastewater treatment facility.

(3) Equipment or machinery (operational tanks) that contains hazardous substances or

POL for operational purposes such as hydraulic lift tanks and electrical equipment tanks.

(4) Any UST system whose capacity is 416 liters [110 gallons] or less. If greater than or equal to 208 liters [55 gallons], this is a below ground storage tank subject to the requirements in

Section 5 of this volume.

(5) Any UST system that contains de minimis concentration of hazardous substances or

POL.

(6) Any emergency spill or overflow containment UST system that is expeditiously emptied after use.

b. Some specialty UST systems may also be considered aboveground storage containers or below ground storage containers and subject to the standards of Section 5. Installations must evaluate such UST systems to determine applicability of standards and comply, as practicable.

c. Owners and operators of UST systems must implement the requirements of this section.

Installation commanders and their representatives must oversee implementation and ensure compliance with these requirements, regardless of whether the installation is the owner or operator of the UST system.

6.3. NEW AND EXISTING UST SYSTEMS.

New UST systems include UST systems where installation began after April 11, 2016. Existing

UST systems include UST systems where installation began on or before April 11, 2016.

SECTION 6: USTS 25

6.4. DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, AND INSTALLATION.

Owners and operators must ensure that all UST systems are properly designed and installed, protected from corrosion, provided with spill and overfill prevention, and incorporate release detection. Specialty UST systems must meet the requirements of this paragraph as prescribed in

Paragraph 6.7., which describes the applicability of the design, construction, and installation requirements of this paragraph. These requirements must be addressed in accordance with manufacturer’s specifications and applicable design criteria such as UFC 3-460-01 and UFC 3-

460-03 (or similar) and industry standards and practices.

a. Tank Design, Construction, and Installation.

Tanks must have secondary containment and corrosion protection, and be constructed of, or lined with, a material that is compatible with the substances stored.

(1) Secondary Containment for Tanks.

New and replaced POL tanks, as well as existing, new, and replaced hazardous substance tanks, must be secondarily contained and use interstitial monitoring.

(2) Corrosion Protection for Tanks.

Any portion of a tank that routinely contains hazardous substances or POL, and is in contact with the ground, must be protected from corrosion in accordance with industry standards and practices. Tanks must be constructed of one of the following:

(a) A non-corrodible material such as fiberglass-reinforced plastic.

(b) Steel that is coated and cathodically protected. The corrosion-resistant coating must be a suitable dielectric material. Asphalt does not meet this requirement. Field-installed cathodic protection systems must be designed by a corrosion expert and installed, operated, and maintained in accordance with industry standards and practices. Impressed current systems must be designed to allow determination of current operating status.

(c) Steel and clad (enclosed or jacketed) with a non-corrodible material that completely isolates the steel from contact with the surrounding soil.

(3) Compatibility for Tanks.

Tanks must be constructed of, or lined with, materials that are compatible with the substance stored.

(4) Release Detection for Tanks in Existing UST Systems.

(a) Existing POL tanks must use at least one of the following release detection methods: automatic tank gauging, groundwater monitoring, interstitial monitoring, statistical inventory reconciliation, or vapor monitoring. Existing POL tanks that meet the requirements of

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Paragraph 6.4.(a) may use tank tightness testing if used in combination with monthly inventory control.

(b) Existing hazardous substance tanks must, at a minimum, use interstitial monitoring.

(5) Release Detection for Tanks in New UST Systems.

New POL and hazardous substance tanks must be monitored for releases using at least interstitial monitoring.

(6) Standards for Methods of Release Detection for Tanks.

Tanks must be monitored for releases at least every 30 days or properly closed. Owners and operators must use the release detection method, or combination of methods, specified for new or existing UST systems that:

(a) Can detect a release from any portion of the tank that routinely contains hazardous substances or POL.

(b) Is installed and calibrated in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications.

(c) Is capable of detecting a leak rate or quantity of at least 0.76 liters [0.2 gallons] per hour or 568 liters [150 gallons] in 1 month or the rate or quantity for that method as specified in the standards. All must have a probability of detection of 0.95 and a probability of false alarm of 0.05.

(d) Meets the performance requirements for these specific release detection methods:

1. Automatic tank gauging must meet industry standards and practices, including those for inventory control and be capable of detecting a 0.76 liter [0.2 gallon] per hour leak rate from any portion of the tank that routinely contains POL or hazardous substances. Automatic tank gauging is performed with the system operating in either in-tank static mode or a continuous in-tank release detection that allows a leak status to be measured at least every 30 days.

2. Groundwater monitoring must be consistent with industry standards and practices.

3. Interstitial monitoring may only be used if the system is designed, constructed, and installed to detect a leak from any portion of the tank that routinely contains product.

4. Statistical inventory reconciliation must meet industry standards and practices and report a quantitative result with a calculated leak rate. It must be capable of detecting a leak rate of .76 liters [0.2 gallon] per hour or a release of 568 liters [150 gallons] within 30 days. The threshold must not exceed one-half the minimum detectible leak rate.

5. Vapor monitoring must be consistent with industry standards and practices.

There must be sufficient porosity of the backfill and volatility of the stored substance or tracer

SECTION 6: USTS 27

compound. Monitoring must assure that known interferences from rain, groundwater, soil moisture, or similar will not allow a release to go undetected for more than 30 days.

6. Tank tightness testing must be capable of detecting a 0.38 liter [0.1 gallon] per hour leak rate from any portion of the tank that routinely contains product. Tests must account for the effects of thermal expansion or contraction of the product, vapor pockets, tank deformation, evaporation or condensation, and the location of the water table.

b. Piping Design, Construction, and Installation.

(1) Secondary Containment for Piping.

(a) For all new and replaced UST systems, all piping must be secondarily contained and use interstitial monitoring, except for suction piping that meets the definition of safe suction piping. Safe suction piping may be single walled.

(b) For existing hazardous substance UST systems, underground piping must have secondary containment and interstitial monitoring. Existing underground piping that conveys hazardous substances under pressure must have automatic line leak detectors.

(c) When 50 percent or more of the piping connected to a single tank is removed and replaced, the entire piping run must be replaced with piping that has secondary containment and interstitial monitoring.

(2) Corrosion Protection for Piping.

Piping that routinely contains hazardous substances or POL—and is in regular contact with the ground—must be properly designed, constructed, and protected from corrosion in accordance with industry standards and practices. Piping must be constructed of:

(a) A non-corrodible material; or

(b) Steel that is coated and cathodically protected. The corrosion-resistant coating must be a suitable dielectric material. Asphalt does not meet this requirement. Field-installed cathodic protection systems must be designed by a corrosion expert and be installed, operated, and maintained in accordance with industry standards and practices. Impressed current systems must be designed to allow determination of current operating status.

(3) Compatibility for Piping.

Piping must be constructed of, or lined with, materials that are compatible with the substance stored.

(4) Release Detection for Piping.

(a) Release Detection Methods.

SECTION 6: USTS 28

Owners and operators must use a release detection method, or combination of methods specified for the particular type of piping, as detailed in Paragraphs 6.4.b.(4)(b) through

6.4.b.(4)(e), that:

1. Can detect a release from any portion of the connected underground piping that routinely contains hazardous substances or POL.

2. Is installed and calibrated in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications.

3. Meets the performance requirements for the specific release detection method.

a. Automatic line release detectors must be capable of detecting leaks of

11.36 liters [3 gallons] per hour at 68.9 kPa [10 pounds per square inch] line pressure within 1 hour.

b. Groundwater monitoring must be consistent with industry standards and practices.

c. Line tightness testing must be capable of detecting a leak rate of 0.38 liters

[0.1 gallons] per hour at one and one-half times the operating pressure.

d. Interstitial monitoring may only be used if the system is designed, constructed, and installed to detect a leak from any portion of the piping that routinely contains product.

e. Vapor monitoring must be consistent with industry standards and practices.

There must be sufficient porosity of the backfill and volatility of the stored substance or tracer compound. Monitoring must assure that known interferences from rain, groundwater, soil moisture, or similar interferences will not allow a release to go undetected for more than 30 days.

f. Other methods including, but not limited to, electronic pressurized line leak detection may be used if they can detect a…