Amd 5 Attach 4 Air and Toxics.pdf

ATTACHMENT 4

DOD MANUAL 4715.05, VOLUME 2, OVERSEAS ENVIRONMENTAL

BASELINE GUIDANCE DOCUMENT:

AIR AND TOXICS

SPE603-22-R-0506

NAS SOUDA BAY, GREECE

DOD MANUAL 4715.05, VOLUME 2

OVERSEAS ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE GUIDANCE

DOCUMENT: AIR AND TOXICS

Originating Component: Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment

Effective: June 29, 2020

Releasability: Cleared for public release. Available on the Directives Division Website at https://www.esd.whs.mil/DD/.

Approved by: W. Jordan Gills, Assistant Secretary of Defense for Sustainment

Purpose: This manual, known as the OEBGD, is composed of multiple volumes, each addressing specific areas of environmental management such as conservation; air and toxics; water; hazardous materials, storage tanks, spills, and pesticides; and waste. In accordance with the authority in DoD Directives (DoDDs) 5134.01 and 4715.1E and the July 13, 2018 Deputy Secretary of Defense memorandum and the requirements in DoD Instruction (DoDI) 4715.05:

• This manual:

o Implements policy, assigns responsibilities, and provides standards to protect human health and the environment on enduring installations under DoD control outside the United States.

o Considers and, where relevant, incorporates generally accepted federal environmental standards applicable to DoD installations, facilities, and actions in the United States, and incorporates requirements of U.S. law that have extraterritorial application to the DoD.

o Is used by DoD lead environmental components (LECs) to establish and update final governing standards (FGSs).

o Establishes baseline environmental standards for installations in countries for which an FGS is not required or has not been developed.

• This volume identifies environmental standards for installations to ensure:

o The control of air emission sources.

o The control and abatement of threats from asbestos.

o The identification, control, or elimination of lead-based paint (LBP) hazards in child-occupied facilities and military family housing.

DoDM 4715.05-V2, June 29, 2020 o The control of threats from the storage, use, and disposal of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).

TABLE OF CONTENTS 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION 1: GENERAL ISSUANCE INFORMATION

1.1. Applicability

1.2. Policy

SECTION 2: RESPONSIBILITIES

2.1. DoD Component Heads

2.2. Combatant Commanders

2.3. Commander, United States European Command (USEUCOM)

SECTION 3: GENERAL OEBGD GUIDANCE

3.1. Use of This Volume and FGSs

3.2. Air and Toxics Management

3.3. Effective Dates

3.4. Noncompliance Terminology

3.5. Sampling and Analytical Considerations

3.6. Recordkeeping

3.7. Related Programs

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS

4.1. Introduction

4.2. General

a. Maintenance and Repair of Equipment

b. Stack Height and Diameter

c. Source Testing

d. Recordkeeping

e. Personnel Qualifications

4.3. Boilers

a. Air Emission Limits

b. Work Practice Standards, Emission Reduction Measures, and Management Practices.

4.4. Incinerators

a. Municipal Waste Combustion (MWC) Units

b. Hospital and Infectious Medical Waste Incinerator (HIMWI)

c. Operator Training

4.5. Perchloroethylene (PCE) Dry Cleaning Machines

4.6. Halogenated Solvent Cleaning Machines

a. Cold Solvent Cleaning Machine

b. Vapor Cleaning Machines (Vapor Degreasers)

4.7. Stationary Combustion Turbines (Stationary Gas Turbines)

4.8. Stationary Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines (RICE)

a. Operation and Maintenance

b. Compression Ignition RICE

c. Spark Ignition RICE

4.9. Units Containing ODSs and Substitutes for ODSs

a. Substitutes Exempt from Refrigerant Management Requirements

TABLE OF CONTENTS 4

b. Production and Use of Class I and II ODSs

c. Labeling

d. Refrigerants

e. Fire Suppression Agent (Halon)

4.10. Motor Vehicles

SECTION 5: ASBESTOS

5.1. Introduction

5.2. Personnel Qualification

5.3. Asbestos Controls

5.4. Asbestos Abatement

a. Asbestos Determination

b. Asbestos Assessment

c. Asbestos Removal

5.5. Asbestos Disposal

5.6. DoD School Compliance

5.7. Recordkeeping

SECTION 6: LBP

6.1. Introduction

6.2. Personnel Qualifications

6.3. Use of Lead-Containing Paint in Consumer Products

6.4. LBP Hazard Abatement Program

6.5. Disposal of Lead-Contaminated Waste

SECTION 7: PCBS

7.1. Introduction

7.2. General

7.3. Spill Prevention and Response

7.4. PCB Transformer Management

7.5. Management of Other PCB Items

7.6. Storage

7.7. Disposal

a. Disposal through DLA Disposition Services

b. Disposal Records

c. PCB Disposal in Boilers

d. PCB Disposal in Incinerators

e. PCB Containers

f. Retrogrades of PCB Items

7.8. Recordkeeping

GLOSSARY

G.1. Acronyms G.2. Definitions

REFERENCES

TABLES

Table 1. Additional Standards Related to Air Emission Sources Table 2. Emission Limits for Boilersa

TABLE OF CONTENTS 5

Table 3. Tune-up Requirements for Boilers Table 4. Energy Assessment for Boilers Table 5. Emission Limits for MWCsa Table 6. Emission Limits for HIMWIa Table 7. Vapor Cleaning Machine Control Combinations and Solvent Idling Emission Limitsa 30 Table 8. NOx Emission Limits for Stationary Gas Turbines – Non-Emergency Engines that Began Construction, Modification, or Reconstruction after October 3, 1977 but on or before February 18, 2005a, b Table 9. NOx Emission Allowance for Fuel-Bound Nitrogen Table 10. NOx Emission Limits for Stationary Gas Turbines that Began Construction, Modification, or Reconstruction after February 18, 2005a, b Table 11. Emergency Compression Ignition RICE Model Years 2007 and After - Emission Limitsa Table 12. Non-Emergency Compression Ignition RICE Model Years 2007 and After - Emission Limits Table 13. Compression Ignition RICE Pre 2007a Model Year and 2007 to 2010 Model Years Rated >2,237 kW [3,000 HP] – Emission Limitsb Table 14. Non-Emergency Compression Ignition RICE Manufactured On or Before April 1, 2006 - Emission Limitsa Table 15. Fire Pump Compression Ignition Engines Model Years 2007 and After - Emission Limits Table 16. Compression Ignition RICE Purchased Before June 12, 2006 – Work Practice Standards Table 17. Emergency Spark Ignition RICE Purchased or Reconstructed On or After June 12, 2006 – Emission Limits Table 18. Non-Emergency Spark Ignition RICE Purchased or Reconstructed On or After June 12, 2006 – Emission Limits Table 19. Non-Emergency Spark Ignition RICE Manufactured Before July 1, 2007a – Pollution Control Requirements Table 20. Spark Ignition RICE Manufactured Before June 12, 2006 – Work Practice Standards Table 21. Class I ODS Chemicals Table 22. Class II ODS Chemicals Table 23. Class II ODS Blend Chemicals Table 24. PCB Waste Disposal

FIGURES

Figure 1. Class I or Class II Warning Label Figure 2. Leak-Tight Wrapping Label Figure 3. Leak-Proof Container Label

SECTION 1: GENERAL ISSUANCE INFORMATION 6

SECTION 1: GENERAL ISSUANCE INFORMATION

1.1. APPLICABILITY.

This volume:

a. Applies to:

(1) OSD, the Military Departments, the Office of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Joint Staff, the Combatant Commands, the Office of the Inspector General of the Department of Defense, the Defense Agencies, the DoD Field Activities, and all other organizational entities within the DoD (referred to collectively in this issuance as the “DoD Components”).

(2) Actions of the DoD Components on installations, as defined in DoDI 4715.05, under DoD control outside the United States.

(3) Support functions for U.S. military vessels, ships, aircraft, and space vehicles provided by the DoD Components, including management and disposal of off-loaded waste or hazardous materials.

b. Does not apply to:

(1) U.S. military vessels, ships, aircraft, or space vehicles.

(2) Off-installation training.

(3) Contingency locations, which are addressed in DoDI 4715.22.

(4) Facilities and activities associated with the Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program, in accordance with Executive Order (E.O.) 12344 and conducted pursuant to Section 7158 of Title 42, United States Code.

(5) Actions to remediate environmental contamination, which are addressed in DoDI 4715.08.

(6) Environmental analyses conducted in accordance with E.O. 12114.

(7) DoD installations that do not have the potential to affect the natural environment (e.g., activities that are primarily administrative) or where, in consultation with the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Sustainment, the geographic Combatant Commander has determined that no significant force health protection or environmental threats exist.

(8) Activities, systems, operations, and areas where DoD has no authority or responsibility including Cooperative Security Locations.

(9) Status-of-forces agreements between host nations (HNs) and U.S. exceptions.

SECTION 1: GENERAL ISSUANCE INFORMATION 7

c. Does not create any rights or obligations enforceable against the United States, DoD, or any of its Components, nor does it create any standard of care or practice for individuals. Although this manual refers to other DoDDs, DoDIs, and DoD manuals, it is intended only to coordinate the requirements of those issuances as required to implement the policies in DoDI 4715.05. This manual does not change other DoDDs, DoDIs, or DoD manuals or alter DoD policies. Conflicts, issues, or concerns related to the country-specific FGS or this manual should be presented to the LEC or the Combatant Commander, as appropriate.

1.2. POLICY.

In accordance with the policy in DoDI 4715.05, the DoD:

a. Manages and applies installation assets to sustain the DoD national defense mission; uses environmental, safety, and occupational health management systems in mission planning and execution across all military operations and activities; and ensures all organizations plan, program, and budget to manage the environmental, safety, and occupational health risks that their activities generate.

b. Establishes, maintains, and complies with the FGSs to protect human health and the environment for those foreign countries identified by the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment or listed in the Appendix to Enclosure 3 of DoDI 4715.05. The FGSs will reconcile the requirements of applicable international agreements and applicable HN environmental standards with E.O. 12088 and this manual.

SECTION 2: RESPONSIBILITIES 8

SECTION 2: RESPONSIBILITIES

2.1. DOD COMPONENT HEADS.

The DoD Component heads:

a. Apply this volume when no FGS applies.

b. Plan, program, and budget to meet the standards contained in this volume.

2.2. COMBATANT COMMANDERS.

In addition to the responsibilities in Paragraph 2.1. and through the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Combatant Commanders:

a. Provide general oversight and coordination with the DoD LECs, as necessary, to carry out their missions in accordance with this volume.

b. Adjudicate requests for exceptions to the requirements of this volume in accordance with DoDI 4715.05, when the Military Department requesting the exception is also the DoD LEC.

When the Combatant Commander is the DoD LEC and requests an exception, the request is elevated to the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Sustainment for adjudication.

2.3. COMMANDER, UNITED STATES EUROPEAN COMMAND (USEUCOM).

The Commander, USEUCOM, is designated as the DoD Theater Environmental Coordinator for Europe due to the unique construct and influence of the European Union. In addition to the responsibilities in Paragraphs 2.1. and 2.2., the Commander, USEUCOM, oversees the consistent application of this volume at installations within the European Union and geographically located within the USEUCOM area of responsibility. Additional guidance is provided in Enclosure 4 of DoDI 4715.05.

SECTION 3: GENERAL OEBGD GUIDANCE 9

SECTION 3: GENERAL OEBGD GUIDANCE

3.1. USE OF THIS VOLUME AND FGSS.

DoD LECs use this volume to conduct the comparative analysis of air and toxics required to develop each country-specific FGS. The comparative analysis considers HN environmental standards, international agreements, and the standards found in this volume, with the more protective standard being used to establish the FGS. The FGSs ensure consistent application of environmental standards for all installations operated by DoD Components within an HN.

Compliance with the standards of this volume is achieved by complying with the current FGSs, since the standards of this volume are reflected in the FGSs. In cases where updates or revisions to this volume have not yet been considered and incorporated into an FGS, installations must comply with the more protective standard, whether it is found in this volume or the FGS.a. For DoD Components on DoD installations in foreign countries for which FGSs are not required, or have yet to be established, installations must comply with applicable international agreements, applicable HN environmental standards pursuant to Section 1-801 of E.O. 12088, and this volume. In cases of conflicting requirements, the DoD Components will normally comply with the standard that is more protective of human health and the environment.

b. DoD Components will consult with the DoD LEC or, if no DoD LEC is designated, with the applicable Combatant Commander on actions that could seriously affect mission, involve a substantial commitment of funds, or set a precedent.

3.2. AIR AND TOXICS MANAGEMENT.

This volume contains standards for the management of air emissions, asbestos, LBP, and PCBs on DoD installations outside the United States. These standards apply to all facilities, tenants, operations, and activities under DoD control on the installation.

3.3. EFFECTIVE DATES.

Standards identified in this manual are effective immediately upon publication. Installations and DoD Components must plan, program, and budget in accordance with Section 6 of Enclosure 3 of DoDI 4715.05.

3.4. NONCOMPLIANCE TERMINOLOGY.

Terms such as “noncompliance,” “out of compliance,” “violation,” “exceedance,” “nonconformity,” and “nonconformance” are used synonymously to describe the condition of failing to meet a standard or a specific limit or value within a standard in this manual.

3.5. SAMPLING AND ANALYTICAL CONSIDERATIONS.

SECTION 3: GENERAL OEBGD GUIDANCE 10

a. In many cases, standards of this manual are based on specific monitoring, sampling, and analytical methods that must be considered when determining compliance or comparing with HN standards.

b. Laboratory analyses necessary to implement the FGS or this volume must normally be conducted in a laboratory that has been certified by a U.S. or HN regulatory authority, or accredited through the DoD Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program, for the applicable test method and follows required quality assurance and quality control protocol. In the absence of a certified laboratory, analyses may also be conducted at a laboratory that has an established reliable record of quality assurance compliance with standards for the applicable test method that are generally recognized by appropriate industry or scientific organizations.

c. Field sample and data collection must be conducted by personnel with demonstrated experience in the applicable test method and sampling. All procedures used for testing, quality assurance, and reporting of results should be those commonly accepted in the field of air pollution control.

3.6. RECORDKEEPING.

All records generated while implementing the standards in this manual must be maintained by installations in accordance with the FGS, this manual, DoDI 5015.02, and DoD Component policies.

3.7. RELATED PROGRAMS.

Additional guidance about related programs and initiatives that may apply outside the United States is included in other DoD policies and issuances.

a. Pollution prevention is addressed in DoDD 4715.1E and DoDIs 4715.23 and 4150.07.

b. Sustainable procurement is addressed in DoDI 4105.72.

c. Hazard communication is addressed in DoDI 6050.05.

d. Safety and occupational health is addressed in DoDIs 6055.01 and 6055.05.

e. Energy management is addressed in DoDIs 4170.11 and 4140.25.

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS 11

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS

4.1. INTRODUCTION.

This section contains standards on the control of air emissions sources. It includes, but is not limited to, control of emissions from boilers, incinerators, dry cleaning machines, solvent cleaning machines, stationary combustion sources, and use of ozone-depleting substances (ODSs). See Table 1 for the location of additional standards in this manual related to air emission sources.

Table 1. Additional Standards Related to Air Emission Sources

For: See:

Asbestos Section 5 of this volume

Hazardous materials Volume 4, Section 4 Petroleum, oil, and lubricants Volume 4, Section 5 Underground storage tanks Volume 4, Section 6

Hazardous waste Volume 5, Section 5

4.2. GENERAL.

Installations must ensure compliance with the following standards for air emission sources, as applicable. For sources covered in Tables 2, 6, 10, and 11 through 20, units in use as of the date of this publication must be operated and maintained according to manufacturer specifications, but are not required to be retrofitted or replaced in order to meet emission concentration limits.

a. Maintenance and Repair of Equipment.

All equipment that generates air pollutants must be operated and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications, including preventive maintenance inspections. Any equipment failing to meet emission limits prescribed in this section must be evaluated along with any affiliated pollution control devices for needed repairs or changes in operating parameters to bring emissions into compliance. Equipment must be repaired or replaced as soon as technically feasible.

b. Stack Height and Diameter.

Stack height and diameter must be based on industry standards and practices for the specific source and dispersion modeling, as applicable, to ensure that emissions from the stack do not result in excessive concentrations of any air pollutant as a result of atmospheric downwash.

c. Source Testing.

All emission sources requiring testing or continuous emissions monitoring systems (CEMS) must have sampling and testing facilities that ensure safe and easy access (including platforms and sampling ports, as well as power sources for test equipment) to determine the nature and

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS 12

quality of emissions that are or may be discharged as a result of source operations. All equipment and support facilities used for source testing, CEMS operation, and quality assurance should be compliant with industry standards.

d. Recordkeeping.

The following recordkeeping requirements apply to all units.

(1) Retain records related to compliance with emission limits for 3 years (e.g., continuous monitoring system results, test results, tune-up records, fuel certifications, performance test results).

(2) Retain manufacturer specifications, manufacturer-supplied certificates of conformity, manufacturer-supplied emissions test data, maintenance inspection logs, one-time performance test results, and repair records for the life of the unit.

e. Personnel Qualifications.

Personnel involved in activities associated with the control of air emission sources should be trained consistent with their responsibilities. Personnel must meet the training and qualification standards of Paragraphs 4.4.c. and 4.9.e.(1), as applicable.

4.3. BOILERS.

Installations must ensure that boilers meet the standards of this paragraph, as applicable.

Standards for boilers specified below are based on several parameters, including heat input capacity, date when construction began, and type of fuel combusted.

a. Air Emission Limits.

(1) The following standards apply to units with a maximum design heat input capacity greater than or equal to 10.56 gigajoules per hour (GJ/hr) [10 million British thermal units per hour (MMBtu/hr)]:

(a) Boiler units must meet the emission limits for specific sized units shown in Table 2.

(b) For units combusting liquid fossil fuel, compliance with particulate matter (PM) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission limits must be demonstrated by combusting oil containing no more than 0.50 weight percent sulfur demonstrated by fuel certification.

(2) Initial demonstration of compliance with the Table 2 emission limits can be accomplished using one or more of the following:

(a) Test data from the boiler manufacturer.

(b) Test data from the owner/operator.

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS 13

(c) Data from a CEMS and/or a continuous opacity monitoring system.

(d) Data from fuel analysis/certification (where applicable).

(3) Subsequent demonstration of compliance:

(a) Is required if significant changes occur to the boiler (e.g., modification, reconstruction) that may affect emissions or if there is a change in fuel type/quality.

(b) Must be accomplished every 3 years for these categories of emission limits:

1. The mercury (Hg) and carbon monoxide (CO) limits applicable to boilers combusting solid fossil fuel.

2. Those emission limits that only apply to units that began construction or reconstruction after June 4, 2010 (i.e., emission limits with footnote “h” or “l” in Table 2).

b. Work Practice Standards, Emission Reduction Measures, and Management Practices.

(1) Tune-up Requirements.

Unless specifically exempted, conduct a boiler tune-up in accordance with manufacturer specifications, but no less frequently than specified in Table 3 (every 2 years or every 5 years).

(2) Energy Assessment Recommendations.

The purpose of the energy assessment is to identify energy conservation measures that can be implemented to reduce system and facility energy demand, which would reduce fuel use and emissions. Energy assessment recommendations for boilers are detailed in Table 4. Unless specifically exempted in Table 4, a one-time energy assessment should be performed for all existing boilers with a maximum design heat input capacity greater than or equal to 10.56 GJ/hr [10 MMBtu/hr]. A one-time energy assessment should also be performed for any energy use systems associated with those boilers that equal or exceed specified energy use levels (i.e., equal or exceed a specified percentage of a regulated boiler’s total energy production). As an alternative to performing the one-time energy assessment, facilities can demonstrate that the facility energy program is compatible with International Organization for Standardization 50001.

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS 14

Table 2. Emission Limits for Boilersa

FUEL

TYPE

MAXIMUM DESIGN HEAT INPUT CAPACITY

10.56 to 105.6 GJ/hr [10 to 100 MMBtu/hr] Greater than 105.6 GJ/hr [100 MMBtu/hr]

PMb

(kg/GJ) [lb/MMBtu]

SO2

(kg/GJ)

[lb/MMBtu]

Hgc (kg/GJ)

[lb/MMBtu]

COd

(ppm)

Opacitye

PMb (kg/GJ)

[lb/MMBtu]

SO2

(kg/GJ)

[lb/MMBtu]

NOx (kg/GJ)

[lb/MMBtu]

Hgc (kg/GJ)

[lb/MMBtu]

COd

(ppm)

Opacity

Gaseous Fuel 0.21 [0.50]f 0.09 [0.20]

Gaseous Coal- Derived Fuel

0.21 [0.50] 0.21 [0.50]

Liquid Fossil Fuel

0.01 [0.03]g, h 0.21 [0.50]g 20

0.04 [0.10]i or 0.01 [0.03]f

0.21 [0.50] 0.17 [0.40] 20

Solid Fossil Fuel

0.04 [0.10]j

0.01 [0.03]k or

0.18 [0.42]l

0.506 [1.2] 0.000009

[0.000022] 420 20

0.04 [0.10]i or 0.01 [0.03]f

0.506 [1.2] 0.30 [0.70] 0.000009 [0.000022] 420 20

Biomass Fuel

0.13 [0.30]j

0.01 [0.03]k or

0.03 [0.07]l 20m

0.09 [0.20]i or 0.01 [0.03]f

20m

CO = carbon monoxide, Hg = mercury, kg/GJ = kilogram per gigajoules, lb/MMBtu = pound per million British thermal units, NOx = nitrogen oxide, ppm = parts per million a Unless otherwise specified, emission limits for units with a design capacity in the range of 10.56 to 105.6 GJ/hr [10 to 100 MMBtu/hr] apply to units that began construction, modification, or reconstruction after June 9, 1989, while emission limits for units with a design capacity greater than 105.6 GJ/hr [100 MMBtu/hr] apply to units that began construction, modification, or reconstruction after June 19, 1984. The PM and opacity emission limits apply at all times, except during periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction. The SO2, NOx, Hg, and CO emission limits apply at all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction.

b Boilers combusting the following fuels are not subject to PM standards:

(1) oil that contains no more than 0.5 weight percent sulfur;

(2) coke oven gas;

(3) a mixture of the first two fuels; or

(4) either of the first two fuels (or a mixture of the first two fuels) in combination with other fuels not subject to a PM standard and not using a post-combustion technology (except a wet scrubber) to reduce SO2 or PM emissions.

c Compliance with Hg emission limits may be met by using fuel analysis.

d CO emission limits are on a dry basis corrected to 3 percent oxygen (O2).

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS 15

Table 2. Emission Limits for Boilersa, Continued e Opacity limits do not apply to boilers less than 31.65 GJ/hr [30 MMBtu/hr].

f Limit only applies to units that began construction, modification, or reconstruction after February 28, 2005.

g Limit must be met by combusting oil containing no more than 0.50 weight percent sulfur as demonstrated by fuel certification.

h Limit only applies to units that began construction or reconstruction after June 4, 2010.

i Limit applies to units that began construction, modification, or reconstruction after June 19, 1984 but before or on February 28, 2005.

j Limit applies to units greater than or equal to 31.65 GJ/hr [30 MMBtu/hr] that began construction, modification, or reconstruction after June 9, 1989 but before or on February 28, 2005.

k Limit applies to units greater than or equal to 31.65 GJ/hr [30 MMBtu/hr] that began construction, modification, or reconstruction after February 28, 2005.

l Limit applies to units between 10.56 and 31.65 GJ/hr [10 and 30 MMBtu/hr] that began construction or reconstruction after June 4, 2010.

m Limit only applies to wood fuel (i.e., wood products and wood residue).

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS 16

Table 3. Tune-up Requirements for Boilers

EXEMPT UNITS

The following types of units are exempt from all tune-up requirements:

- Gas-fired boilersa - Temporary boilersd

- Boilers that burn solid or hazardous waste - Residential boilers

- Hot water heatersb - Electric boilerse

- Waste heat boilersc - Electric utility steam generating units

APPLICABILITY

Biennial Tune-up Required for the following boilers:

- Oil-fired boilers with a heat input capacity greater than 5.28 GJ/hr [5 MMBtu/hr]

- Coal-fired boilers with a heat input capacity less than 10.56 GJ/hr [10 MMBtu/hr]

- Biomass boilers (all sizes)

5-Year Tune-up Required for the following boilers:

- Oil-fired boilers with a heat input capacity less than or equal to 5.28 GJ/hr [5 MMBtu/hr]

- Seasonal boilersf

- Limited-use boilersg

- Boilers with an O2 trim systemh that maintains an optimum air-to-fuel ratio

DATE FOR INITIAL OR FIRST TUNE-UP

Biennial Tune-up As soon as possible, but within 25 months after publication of this manual or within

25 months of initial startup, whichever is later 5-Year Tune-up As soon as possible, but within 61 months after publication of this manual or within

61 months of initial startup, whichever is later

REQUIRED TUNE-UP FREQUENCY

Biennial Tune-up Within 25 months of previous tune-up 5-Year Tune-up Within 61 months of previous tune-up

TUNE-UP REQUIREMENTS

1. As applicable, inspect the burner and clean or replace any components of the burner as necessary. For units requiring a biennial tune-up, the burner inspection may be delayed until the next scheduled unit shutdown, not to exceed 36 months from the previous inspection. For units requiring a 5-year tune-up, the burner inspection may be delayed until the next scheduled unit shutdown, but each burner must be inspected at least once every 72 months.

2. Inspect the flame pattern, as applicable, and adjust the burner as necessary to optimize the flame pattern. The adjustment should be consistent with the manufacturer’s specifications, if available.

3. Inspect the system controlling the air-to-fuel ratio, as applicable, and ensure that it is correctly calibrated and functioning properly. For units requiring a biennial tune-up, the inspection may be delayed until the next scheduled unit shutdown, not to exceed 36 months from the previous inspection.

For units requiring a 5-year tune-up, the inspection may be delayed until the next scheduled unit shutdown, but each system controlling the air-to-fuel ratio must be inspected at least once every 72 months.

4. Optimize total emissions of CO. This optimization should be consistent with the manufacturer’s specifications, if available, and with any NOx requirement to which the unit is subject.

5. Measure the concentrations in the effluent stream of CO in ppm, by volume, and O2 in volume percent, before and after the adjustments are made (measurements may be either on a dry or wet basis, as long as it is the same basis before and after the adjustments are made). Measurements may be taken using a portable CO analyzer.

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS 17

Table 3. Tune-up Requirements for Boilers, Continued TUNE-UP REQUIREMENTS, continued

6. Maintain a report on site that contains the following information:

(i) The concentrations of CO in the effluent stream in ppm, by volume, and O2 in volume percent, measured at high fire or typical operating load, before and after the tune-up.

(ii) A description of any corrective actions taken as a part of the tune-up.

(iii) The type and amount of fuel used over the 12 months before the tune-up, but only if the unit was physically and legally capable of using more than one type of fuel during that period. Units sharing a fuel meter may estimate the fuel use by each unit.

7. If the unit is not operating on the required date for a tune-up, the tune-up must be conducted within 30 calendar days of startup.

a Includes any boiler that burns gaseous fuels not combined with any solid fuels and burns liquid fuel only during periods of gas curtailment, gas supply interruption, startups, or periodic testing on liquid fuel. Periodic testing of liquid fuel must not exceed a combined total of 48 hours during any calendar year.

b A closed vessel with a capacity of no more than 454 liters [120 gallons] in which water is heated by combustion of fuel and hot water is withdrawn for use external to the vessel. Hot water boilers (i.e., boilers not generating steam) with a heat input capacity of less than 1.69 GJ/hr [1.6 MMBtu/hr] are included in this definition. The 454 liters [120 gallons] capacity threshold to be considered a hot water heater is independent of the 1.69 GJ/hr [1.6 MMBtu/hr] heat input capacity threshold for hot water boilers. Hot water heater also means a tankless unit that provides on-demand hot water.

c A device that recovers normally unused energy (e.g., hot exhaust gas) and converts it to usable heat. Waste heat boilers are also referred to as heat recovery steam generators.

d A boiler that is designed to, and is capable of, being carried or moved from one location to another and does not remain at one location for 12 consecutive months or longer.

e A boiler in which electric heating serves as the source of heat. Electric boilers that burn gaseous or liquid fuel during periods of electrical power curtailment or failure are included in this definition.

f A boiler that undergoes a shutdown for a period of at least 7 consecutive months (or 210 consecutive days) each 12-month period due to seasonal conditions, except for periodic testing. Periodic testing must not exceed a combined total of 15 days during the 7-month shutdown. This definition only applies to boilers combusting oil or biomass.

g A boiler that burns any amount of solid, liquid, or gaseous fuels and has an enforceable average “annual capacity factor” of no more than 10 percent. Annual capacity factor is the ratio between the actual heat input to a boiler from the fuels burned during a calendar year and the potential heat input to the boiler had it been operated for 8,760 hours during a year at the maximum steady state design heat input capacity.

h A system of monitors that is used to maintain excess air at the desired level in a combustion device. A typical system consists of a flue gas O2 and/or CO monitor that automatically provides a feedback signal to the combustion air controller.

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS 18

Table 4. Energy Assessment for Boilers

EXEMPT UNITS

The following types of units are exempt from all energy assessment requirements:

- Gas-fired boilers - Residential boilers

- Boilers that burn solid or hazardous waste - Electric boilers

- Hot water heaters - Electric utility steam generating units

- Waste heat boilers - Limited-use boilers

- Temporary boilers

APPLICABILITY

Recommended for existing boilersa greater than or equal to 10.56 GJ/hr [10 MMBtu/hr].

ENERGY ASSESSMENT RECOMMENDATIONS

A one-time energy assessment should be performed by a qualified energy assessor. The energy assessment should include all of the affected boiler systemsb and consist of the following:

1. A visual inspection of the boiler system.

2. An evaluation of operating characteristics of the affected boiler systems, specifications of energy use systems, operating and maintenance procedures, and unusual operating constraints.

3. An inventory of major energy use systems consuming energy from affected boiler(s) and which are under control of the boiler owner or operator.

4. A review of available architectural and engineering plans, facility operation and maintenance procedures and logs, and fuel usage.

5. A list of major and cost-effective energy conservation measures that are within the facility’s control.

6. A list of the energy savings potential of the energy conservation measures identified.

7. A comprehensive report detailing the ways to improve efficiency, the cost of specific improvements, benefits, and the time frame for recouping those investments.

SCOPE OF ENERGY ASSESSMENT

Facilities with affected boilers with a combined heat input capacity of < 316,761 gigajoules per year (GJ/yr) [0.3 trillion Btu/year (TBtu/yr)]

• Length: 8 on-site technical labor hours maximum, but may be longer at the discretion of the owner or operator of the affected source.

• Systems: The boiler system(s) and any on-site energy use system(s) accounting for at least 50 percent of the affected boiler(s) energy (e.g., steam, hot water, process heat, or electricity) production, as applicable.

Facilities with affected boilers with a combined heat input capacity of 316,761 to 1,055,870 GJ/yr [0.3 to 1 TBtu/yr]

• Length: 24 on-site technical labor hours maximum, but may be longer at the discretion of the owner or operator of the affected source.

• Systems: The boiler system(s) and any on-site energy use system(s) accounting for at least 33 percent of the affected boiler(s) energy (e.g., steam, hot water, process heat, or electricity) production, as applicable.

Facilities with affected boilers with a combined heat input capacity of > 1,055,870 GJ/yr [1 TBtu/yr]

• Length: Up to 24 on-site technical labor hours in length for the first 1,055,870 GJ/yr [1 TBtu/yr] plus 8 on-site technical labor hours for every additional 1,055,870 GJ/yr [1 TBtu/yr] not to exceed 160 on-site technical hours, but may be longer at the discretion of the owner or operator of the affected source.

• Systems: The boiler system(s) and any energy use system(s) accounting for at least 20 percent of the affected boiler(s) energy (e.g., steam, hot water, process heat, or electricity) production, as applicable.

a Existing boilers began construction or reconstruction on or before June 4, 2010.

b The boiler and associated components such as feedwater systems, combustion air systems, fuel systems (including burners), blowdown systems, combustion control systems, steam systems, and condensate return systems, directly connected to and serving the energy use systems.

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS 19

4.4. INCINERATORS.

Installations must ensure that incinerators meet the standards of this paragraph, as applicable.

The following requirements apply to all incinerators except those combusting hazardous waste or munitions. Refer to Section 5 of Volume 5 of this manual for information regarding hazardous waste management. Emission limits do not apply during periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction.

a. Municipal Waste Combustion (MWC) Units.

Each MWC unit must comply with the applicable emission limits and monitoring requirements in Table 5. If more than one MWC unit is at the same location, their capacities should be considered in aggregate to determine their emission limits.

b. Hospital and Infectious Medical Waste Incinerator (HIMWI).

Each HIMWI unit must comply with the applicable emission limits and monitoring requirements in Table 6. These requirements do not apply to pyrolysis units, or units that burn only pathology waste, low-level radioactive waste, or chemotherapeutic waste. Refer to Section 6 of Volume 5 of this manual for medical waste management requirements.

c. Operator Training.

No incinerators can be operated unless a fully trained and qualified unit operator is accessible at the facility or able to be at the facility within 1 hour. The trained unit operator may operate the unit directly or be the direct supervisor of one or more other plant personnel who operate the unit. Operators must have completed a training course that includes:

(1) Environmental concerns, including types of emissions.

(2) Basic combustion principles, including products of combustion.

(3) Operation of the specific type of incinerator to be used by the operator, including proper startup, waste charging, and shutdown procedures.

(4) Combustion controls and monitoring.

(5) Operation of air pollution control equipment and factors affecting performance, if applicable.

(6) Inspection and maintenance of the incinerator and air pollution control devices.

(7) Methods to monitor pollutants, including monitoring of incinerator and control device operating parameters, and monitoring equipment calibration procedures, where applicable.

(8) Actions to correct malfunctions or conditions that may lead to malfunction.

(9) Bottom and fly ash characteristics and handling procedures.

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS 20

(10) Applicable regulations.

(11) Pollution prevention.

(12) Waste management practices.

(13) Recordkeeping requirements.

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS 21

Table 5. Emission Limits for MWCsa

UNIT TYPE

LARGE MWC SMALL MWC

OSWI AND AIR

CURTAIN

INCINERATORS

Constructed/ Modified/

Reconstructed between

December 20, 1989 and

September 20, Constructed/ Modified/

Reconstructed between

September 20, 1994 and

December 19

Constructed/ Modified/

Reconstructed after December

19, 2005

Constructed on or before August 30, 1999

Constructed after August 30, 1999 or

Modified/Reconstructed after June 6, 2001

Began Construction after December 9, 2004 or Modified/

Reconstructed on or after June 16, 2006

RATED CAPACITY Greater than 227 Mtons/day [(250 tons/day] 32-227 Mtons/day [35-250 tons/day] Less than 32

Mtons/day [35 tons/day] Class Ic Class IIc Class Ic Class IIc

PM 34 mg/dscmb, d, f 24 mg/dscmb, d, f 20 mg/dscmb, d, f 27 mg/dscmb, d, f 70 mg/dscmb, d, f 24 mg/dscmb, d, f 29 mg/dscmb, f

Opacity 10 percentb, d, g 10 percentb, d, g 10 percentb, d, g 10 percentb, d, g 10 percentb, f, g

Dioxin/Furan 30 ng/dscmb, h 30 ng/dscm or 13 ng/dscmb, h, i

30 ng/dscm (w/o ESPb, h, j) 60 ng/dscm (w/ ESP)b,j

125 ng/dscmb, h 13 ng/dscmb, h 33 ng/dscmb, f

SO2

30 ppmv or

80% reductiond, e, k

30 ppmv or 80% reductiond, e, k

31 ppmv or 75% reductiond, e, k

50 ppmv or 77% reductiond, e, k

30 ppmv or 80% reductiond, e, k 3.1 ppmvf

Hydrogen Chloride 25 ppmv or

95% reductionb, f, k

25 ppmv or 95% reductionb, f, k

31 ppmv or 95% reductionb, f, k

250 ppmv or 50% reductionb, f, k

25 ppmv or 95% reductionb, f, k 15 ppmvb, f

NOx 180 ppmvd, e 150 ppmv or 180 ppmvd, e, l

180 ppmv or

150 ppmvd, e, l ppmvd, e 103 ppmvf

- Mass burn water wall 200 ppmvd, e, m

- Mass burn rotary water wall 170 ppmvd, e, m

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS 22

Table 5. Emission Limits for MWCsa, Continued

UNIT TYPE

LARGE MWC SMALL MWC

OSWI AND AIR

CURTAIN

INCINERATORS

Constructed/ Modified/

Reconstructed between

December 20, 1989 and

September 20, Constructed/ Modified/

Reconstructed between

September 20, 1994 and

December 19

Constructed/ Modified/

Reconstructed after December

19, 2005

Constructed before August 30, 1999

Constructed after August 30, 1999 or

Modified/Reconstructed after June 6, 2001

Began Construction after December 9, 2004 or Modified/

Reconstructed on or after June 16, 2006

RATED CAPACITY Greater than 227 Mtons/day [250 tons/day] 32-227 Mtons/day [35-250tons/day] Less than 32

Mtons/day [35 tons/day] Class Ic Class IIc Class Ic Class IIc

- Mass burn refractory 350 ppmvd, e, m

- Mass burn rotary refractory 350 ppmvd, e, m

- RDF 250 ppmvd, e, m

- Fluidized bed 220 ppmvd, e, m

- Modular excess air 190 ppmvd, e, m

- Modular starved air 380 ppmvd, e, m

COn 40 ppmvd, o

- Mass burn water wall 100 ppmvd, p 100 ppmvd, p 100 ppmvd, p 100 ppmvd, p

- Mass burn refractory 100 ppmvd, p 100 ppmvd, p 100 ppmvd, p 100 ppmvd, p

- Mass burn rotary refractory 100 ppmvd, p

- Mass burn rotary water wall 100 ppmvd, m 100 ppmvd, m 100 ppmvd, m 100 ppmvd, m

- Modular starved air 50 ppmvd, p 50 ppmvd, p 50 ppmvd, p 50 ppmvd, p

- Modular excess air 50 ppmvd, p 50 ppmvd, p 50 ppmvd, p 50 ppmvd, p

- RDF stoker 150 ppmvd,m 150 ppmvd, m 200 ppmvd, m 150 ppmvd, m

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS 23

Table 5. Emission Limits for MWCsa, Continued

UNIT TYPE

LARGE MWC SMALL MWC

OSWI AND AIR

CURTAIN

INCINERATORS

Constructed/ Modified/

Reconstructed between

December 20, 1989 and

September 20, Constructed/ Modified/

Reconstructed between

September 20, 1994 and

December 19

Constructed/ Modified/

Reconstructed after December

19, 2005

Constructed before August 30, 1999

Constructed after August 30, 1999 or

Modified/Reconstructed after June 6, 2001

Began Construction after

December 9, 2004 or Modified/

Reconstructed on or after June 16, 2006

RATED CAPACITY Greater than 227 Mtons/day [250 tons/day] 32-227 Mtons/day [35-250 tons/day] Less than 32

Mtons/day [35 tons/day] Class Ic Class IIc Class Ic Class IIc

Fluidized bed, mixed fuel, (wood/refuse derived fuel)

200 ppmvd, m 200 ppmvd, m

Fluidized bed, mixed fuel, (wood/refuse derived fuel)

Fluidized bed 100 ppmvd,p 100 ppmvd,p

Bubbling fluidized bed combustor 100 ppmvd, p 100 ppmvd, p

Circulating fluidized bed combustor

100 ppmvd, p 100 ppmvd, p

Pulverized coal/RDF mixed fuel-fired combustor

150 ppmvd, o 150 ppmvd, p 150 ppmvd, p

Spreader stoker coal/RDF mixed fuel-fired combustor

150 ppmvd, m 150 ppmvd, m 200 ppmvd, m 150 ppmvd, m

Cadmium 20 µg/dscmb 10 µg/dscmb 0.040 mg/dscmb

0.10 mg/dscmb 0.020 mg/dscmb 18 µg/dscmb, f

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS 24

Table 5. Emission Limits for MWCsa, Continued

UNIT TYPE

LARGE MWC SMALL MWC

OSWI AND AIR

CURTAIN

INCINERATORS

Constructed/ Modified/

Reconstructed between

December 20, 1989 and

September 20, Constructed/ Modified/

Reconstructed between

September 20, 1994 and

December 19

Constructed/ Modified/

Reconstructed after December

19, 2005

Constructed before August 30, 1999

Constructed after August 30, 1999 or

Modified/Reconstructed after June 6, 2001

Began Construction after

December 9, 2004 or Modified/

Reconstructed on or after June 16, 2006

RATED CAPACITY Greater than 227 Mtons/day [250 tons/day] 32-227 Mtons/day [35-250 tons/day] Less than 32

Mtons/day [35 tons/day] Class Ic Class IIc Class Ic Class IIc

Lead 200 mg/dscmb 140 mg/dscmb 0.49 mg/dscmb 1.6 mg/dscmb 0.20 mg/dscmb

Mercury 80 µg/dscm or 85% reductionb, q

50 µg/dscm or 85% reductionb, q

0.080 mg/dscm or 85% reductionb, q

0.080 mg/dscm or 85% reductionb, q 74 µg/dscmb, f

Fugitive Ash 5% of hourly observation periodb, f 5% of hourly observation periodb, f

5% of hourly observation period b, f dscm = dry standard cubic meter, ESP = electrostatic precipitator, mg = milligram, Mton = metric ton, OSWI = other solid waste incinerator, ppmv = parts per million by volume, RDF = refuse-derived fuel, µg = microgram a Emission limit concentrations (mg/dscm, ppmv) are corrected to 7 percent O2, dry basis at standard conditions.

b Requires annual demonstration of compliance, except for Class II and OSWI pollutants that have shown compliance with emission limits for 3 consecutive years. For these pollutants, demonstration of compliance can be demonstrated every 3 years.

c Class I units mean small MWC units that are located at MWC plants with an aggregate plant combustion capacity more than 227 Mtons/day [250 ton/day] of municipal solid waste (MSW).

Class II units mean small MWC units that are located at MWC plants with an aggregate plant combustion capacity no more than 227 Mtons/day [250 ton/day] of MSW.

d Emission rate and parameters measured using a CEMS, except for OSWI units, which only require CEMS for CO monitoring.

e 1-hour (hr) average.

f Average over three 1-hr minimum runs.

g 6-minute average.

h Average over three 4-hr runs.

i 30 ng/dscm for first 3 years following the date of initial startup, for facilities constructed, modified, or reconstructed or before November 20, 1997, 13 ng/dscm thereafter.

j ESP = electrostatic precipitator.

k Comply with less stringent requirement; reduced by weight or volume from potential emissions.

l 180 ppmv during first year, 150 ppmv thereafter.

m 24-hr average.

n Measured at the combustor outlet.

o 12-hr average.

p 4-hr average.

q Comply with less stringent requirement; reduced by weight from potential emissions.

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS 25

Table 6. Emission Limits for HIMWIa

RATED CAPACITY

HIMWI CONSTRUCTED BETWEEN JUNE 20, 1996 AND

DECEMBER 1, 2008, OR MODIFIED BETWEEN

MARCH 16, 1998 AND APRIL 6, 2010

HIMWI CONSTRUCTED AFTER DECEMBER 1, 2008 OR

MODIFIED AFTER APRIL 6, 2010

Small Continuous or

Intermittent: <90 kg/hr [200 lb/hr]

Batch: <726 kg/day [1600 lb/day]

Medium Continuous or

Intermittent: 91- 226 kg/hr [201-

499 lb/hr] Batch: 726-1814 kg/day [1601- 3999 lb/day]

Large Continuous or

Intermittent: >227 kg/hr [500 lb/hr]

Batch: >1814 kg/day [4000 lb/day]

Small Continuous or

Intermittent: <90 kg/hr [200 lb/hr]

Batch: <726 kg/day [1600 lb/day]

Medium Continuous or

Intermittent: 91-226 kg/hr [201-499 lb/hr]

Batch: 726-1814 kg/day [1601-3999 lb/day]

Large Continuous or

Intermittent: >227 kg/hr [500 lb/hr]

Batch: >1814 kg/day [4000 lb/day]

PMe, g, i 69 mg/dscm 34 mg/dscm 66 mg/dscm 22 mg/dscm 18 mg/dscm Opacitye 10 percentb 6 percentb

Dioxins/Furansh, i 125 ng/dscm or

2.3 ng/dscm TEQ

25 ng/dscm or

0.6 ng/dscm TEQ

16 ng/dscm or

0.013 ng/dscm

TEQ

0.47 ng/dscm or

0.014 ng/dscm

TEQ

9.3 ng/dscm or

0.035 ng/dscm

TEQ

SO2

j 55 ppmv 1.4 ppmv 8.1 ppmv Hydrogen Chloridee, g, i 15 ppmv or 99% reductionc 15 ppmv 7.7 ppmv 5.1 ppmv

NOx j 250 ppmv 67 ppmv 140 ppmv

COd, e, g, i 40 ppmv 20 ppmv 1.8 ppmv 11 ppmv

Cadmiumg, i 0.16 mg/dscm or 65% reductionc

0.04 mg/dscm or 90% reductionc 0.017 mg/dscm 0.0098 mg/dscm 0.00013 mg/dscm

Leadg, i 1.2 mg/dscm or 70% reductionc

0.07 mg/dscm or 98% reductionc 0.31 mg/dscm 0.018 mg/dscm 0.0069 mg/dscm

Mercuryg, i 0.55 mg/dscm or 85% reductionc 0.014 mg/dscm 0.0035 mg/dscm 0.00013 mg/dscm Fugitive Ash 5% of hourly observation periodf 5% of hourly observation periodf

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS 26

Table 6. Emission Limits for HIMWIa, Continued TEQ = toxic equivalency factor a Emission limit concentrations (mg/dscm, ppmv) are corrected to 7 percent O2, dry basis at standard conditions. Conduct an initial performance test to determine compliance with emission and opacity limits, and to establish operating parameters.

b 6-minute average.

c Comply with less stringent requirement; reduced by weight or volume from potential emissions.

d Measured at the combustor outlet in conjunction with a measurement of O2 concentration.

e Conduct annual performance tests to determine compliance. Facilities may conduct performance tests for PM, CO, and hydrochloride every third year if the previous three HMIWI performance tests demonstrate that the facility is in compliance with the emission limits for PM, CO, or hydrochloride.

f Perform annual fugitive testing (large HMIWI only).

g 3-run average, 1-hr minimum per run. Unless equipped with CEMS.

h 3-run average, 4-hr minimum per run. Unless equipped with CEMS.

i If equipped with CEMS, determine compliance using a 12-hr rolling average.

j Testing not required.

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS 27

4.5. PERCHLOROETHYLENE (PCE) DRY CLEANING MACHINES.

Installations must ensure that PCE dry cleaning machines meet the standards of this paragraph, as applicable. The following requirements apply to all dry cleaning machines, except for coin-operated machines.

a. Emissions from PCE dry cleaning machines installed before September 22, 1993, must be controlled with a refrigerated condenser, unless a carbon adsorber was already installed. The temperature of the refrigerated condenser must be maintained at 7 degrees Celsius (°C) [45 degrees Fahrenheit (°F)] or less.

b. All PCE dry cleaning systems installed between September 22, 1993 and December 21, 2005 must be of the dry-to-dry design with emissions controlled by a refrigerated condenser.

The temperature of the refrigerated condenser must be maintained at 7 °C [45 °F] or less.

c. All PCE dry cleaning systems installed on or after December 21, 2005 must route the air- PCE gas-vapor stream contained within each dry cleaning machine through a refrigerated condenser and pass the air-PCE gas-vapor stream from inside the dry cleaning machine drum through a non-vented carbon adsorber or equivalent control device immediately before the door of the dry cleaning machine is opened. The carbon adsorber must be desorbed in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. The temperature of the refrigerated condenser must be maintained at 7 °C [45 °F] or less.

4.6. HALOGENATED SOLVENT CLEANING MACHINES.

Installations must ensure that halogenated solvent cleaning machines meet the standards of this paragraph, as applicable. These requirements apply to all solvent cleaning machines that use solvents containing more than 5 percent by weight of the following halogenated solvents:

methylene chloride (Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) No. 75-09-2), PCE (CAS No. 127-18-4), trichloroethylene (CAS No. 79-01-6), 1,1,1-trichloroethane (CAS No. 71-55-6), carbon tetrachloride (CAS No. 56-23-5), chloroform (CAS No. 67-66-3), or any combination of these halogenated solvents.

a. Cold Solvent Cleaning Machine.

(1) When not in use, cover all cold cleaning machines (remote reservoir and immersion tanks). Covers must be free of cracks, holes, and other defects.

(2) Maintain a 2.5 centimeter (cm) [1 inch] water layer or a freeboard ratio of at least

0.75 for immersion type cold cleaning machines.

(3) Collect and store waste solvent in closed containers.

SECTION 4: AIR EMISSIONS 28

(4) If a flexible hose or flushing device is…