Appendix E - DoD Minimum Antiterrorism Standards for Buildings - UFC 4-010-01.pdf

UFC 4-010-01

9 February 2012

UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC)

DoD MINIMUM ANTITERRORISM

STANDARDS FOR BUILDINGS

APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED

DoD MINIMUM ANTITERRORISM STANDARDS FOR BUILDINGS

Any copyrighted material included in this UFC is identified at its point of use. Use of the copyrighted material apart from this UFC must have the permission of the copyright holder.

DEPUTY UNDER SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (INSTALLATIONS AND

ENVIRONMENT)

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS (Preparing Activity)

NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING COMMAND

AIR FORCE CIVIL ENGINEER SUPPORT AGENCY

Record of Changes (changes are indicated by \1\ ... /1/) Change No. Date Location

This UFC supersedes UFC 4-010-01 dated 8 October 2003 with Change 1 of 22 January 2007.

FOREWORD

The Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) system is prescribed by MIL-STD 3007 and provides planning, design, construction, sustainment, restoration, and modernization criteria, and applies to the Military Departments, the Defense Agencies, and the DoD Field Activities in accordance with USD (AT&L) Memorandum dated 29 May 2002. UFC will be used for all DoD projects and work for other customers where appropriate. All construction outside of the United States is also governed by Status of Forces Agreements (SOFA), Host Nation Funded Construction Agreements (HNFA), and in some instances, Bilateral Infrastructure Agreements (BIA.)

Therefore, the acquisition team must ensure compliance with the most stringent of the UFC, the SOFA, the HNFA, and the BIA, as applicable.

UFC are living documents and will be periodically reviewed, updated, and made available to users as part of the Services’ responsibility for providing technical criteria for military construction. Headquarters, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (HQUSACE), Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC), and Air Force Center for Engineering and the Environment (AFCEE) are responsible for administration of the UFC system. Defense agencies should contact the preparing service for document interpretation and improvements. Technical content of UFC is the responsibility of the cognizant DoD working group. Recommended changes with supporting rationale should be sent to the respective service proponent office by the following electronic form: Criteria Change Request. The form is also accessible from the Internet sites listed below.

UFC are effective upon issuance and are distributed only in electronic media from the following source:

• Whole Building Design Guide web site http://dod.wbdg.org/.

Hard copies of UFC printed from electronic media should be checked against the current electronic version prior to use to ensure that they are current.

AUTHORIZED BY:

JAMES C. DALTON, P.E.

Chief, Engineering and Construction U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

JOSEPH E. GOTT, P.E.

Chief Engineer Naval Facilities Engineering Command

TERRY EDWARDS, P.E.

Director, Air Force Center for Engineering and the Environment Department of the Air Force

MICHAEL McANDREW Director, Facility Investment and Management Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Installations and Environment) http://www.wbdg.org/pdfs/ufc_implementation.pdf http://www.wbdg.org/ccb/browse_cat.php?o=29&c=4 http://dod.wbdg.org/

FOREWORD (continued)

This specific document is also issued under the authority of DoD Instruction Number 2000.16, DoD Antiterrorism Standards which requires DoD Components to adopt and adhere to common criteria and minimum construction standards to mitigate antiterrorism vulnerabilities and terrorist threats. In addition, this document was further implemented by a USD(AT&L) Memorandum dated 20 September 2002.

This document applies to the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD); the Military Departments (including their National Guard and Reserve Components); the Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff and Joint Staff; the Combatant Commands; the Office of the Inspector General of the Department of Defense; the Defense Agencies; the Department of Defense Field Activities;

and all other organizational entities within the Department of Defense hereafter referred to collectively as “the DoD Components.”

The standards established by this document are minimums set for DoD. Each DoD Component may set more stringent antiterrorism building standards to meet the specific threats in its area of responsibility.

Any changes, updates, or amendments to this particular UFC must have the approval of the DoD Engineering Senior Executive Panel (ESEP).

This document is effective immediately and is mandatory for use by all the DoD Components.

http://www.hnd.usace.army.mil/TECHINFO/UFC/052902_SignedUFCImplementationMemo.pdf

REVISION SUMMARY SHEET

Subject: UFC 4-010-01, DoD Minimum Antiterrorism Standards for Buildings

Cancels: UFC 4-010-01, DoD Minimum Antiterrorism Standards for Buildings, dated 08 October 2003 with Change 1 dated 22 January 2007

Reasons for Changes: UFC 4-010-01 was updated for the following reasons:

• To reduce misunderstandings of some of its provisions.

• To address situations not previously addressed by the standards.

• To improve consistency of interpretation.

• To reduce redundancy or inconsistency with other UFCs that were not available at the time of the previous revision.

• To eliminate standards or recommendations that were unnecessary or that had been superseded by other UFCs.

• To incorporate information based on new studies and research or new or revised national standards.

Description of Changes:

• Clarifications have been made throughout the document to address frequently asked questions and issues that were frequently misapplied.

• Added applicability paragraphs for:

○ DoD purchases of existing buildings.

○ Visitor centers and museums.

○ Visitor control centers.

• Added exemption paragraphs for:

○ Low occupancy buildings.

○ Town Centers.

○ Enhanced use leases.

○ Temporary and relocatable buildings intended for use for less than 5 years.

○ Construction administration structures.

• Included all transitional structures in exemption from all standards for life of contract, but not to exceed 5 years.

• Added size limitation for stand-alone shoppettes, minimarts and similarly sized commissaries that are partially exempt from the standards.

• Added requirements for design submittals.

• Added definitions for clarity.

• Based building replacement cost on plant replacement value.

• Replaced definition for net usable space with a definition that is based on an ANSI/BOMA standard for measuring floor area in office buildings.

• Changed approach to conventional construction standoff distance to be based on specific materials to resolve conservatism in previous numbers and because people were not taking advantage of existing allowances.

• Reduced minimum standoff distance to the distances at which buildings would be within the realm of hardened structures based on the two applicable explosive weights in this UFC associated with vehicle borne and placed explosives.

• Added guidance for standoff distances for following cases:

○ Underground parking adjacent to buildings.

○ Parking of mobile ground tactical platforms.

○ Parking in driving lanes of parking areas.

○ Standoff to entry control facilities / access control points.

• Added guidance on what to do when buildings are exempt from the parking and roadways standoff distances in Standard 1.

• Added clarifying guidance for unobstructed spaces and established that they should extend to parking and roadway standoff distance for explosive weight II.

• Removed requirements for progressive collapse resistance that were in addition to the requirements in UFC 4-023-03.

• Added guidance on controlled public access that establishes when interior load bearing structural elements must be evaluated for progressive collapse.

• Made major changes to Standard 10 on windows and skylights. Most changes were in applying the static design method of ASTM F 2248, although the standard was also completely rewritten for clarity.

• Eliminated windows and doors from any consideration of conventional construction standoff distance.

• Eliminated minimum window and skylight construction requirements except for buildings that are exempt from parking and roadway standoff distances provisions of Standard 1 and for windows and skylights in existing buildings that are being replaced as part of window and skylight replacement projects.

• Added guidance on exterior stairwells and covered or enclosed walkways.

• Adopted ASTM F 2247 for design of doors.

• Added statement that heating, ventilating, and air conditioning system emergency shutoffs should not be installed where they would violate building or fire codes or where they would create an unsafe condition.

• Eliminated Standard 19 on utility distribution and installation because it did not address any issues that were likely to result in mass casualties.

• Eliminated Recommendations 9, 11, and 17 because they were impractical or unnecessary.

• Removed temporary structures from Appendix D, limiting it to expeditionary structures.

Impact. Most of the changes should result in cost savings or no change in costs.

Further impacts should include the following:

• More consistent application of the provisions of the document due to more detailed guidance.

• Non-compliance with the standards should be reduced because some perceived “loop holes” were eliminated through clarifying language and because the commonly misunderstood provisions that were leading to non-compliance have been clarified.

• Reduced conflict between security and antiterrorism personnel and design teams due to clarifications.

• By establishing design submittal requirements there should be better and more consistent compliance with the standards.

• Due to the changes in conventional construction standoff distances there should be a general reduction in building setbacks from parking and roadways that should reduce DoD land use.

• Reduced costs of window systems and of supporting structural elements due to changes in Standard 10 on windows and skylights.

• Reduced costs for transitional structures because of expanding exemption to all standards as long as expected occupancy will be less than 5 years.

This Page Intentionally Left Blank i

CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1-1 GENERAL

1-1.1 Authorities

1-1.2 Background

1-1.3 Responsibilities

1-1.4 Planning and Integration

1-1.5 Master Plans

1-2 REFERENCES

1-3 GENERAL BUILDING REQUIREMENTS

1-4 SECURITY ENGINEERING UFC SERIES

1-4.1 DoD Minimum Antiterrorism Standards for Buildings

1-4.2 Security Engineering Facilities Planning Manual

1-4.3 Security Engineering Facilities Design Manual

1-4.4 Security Engineering Support Manuals

1-4.5 Security Engineering UFC Application

1-5 STANDARDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

1-6 INTENT

1-7 LEVELS OF PROTECTION

1-7.1 DoD Component Standards

1-7.2 Threat-Specific Requirements

1-7.3 Critical Facilities

1-7.4 Explosives Safety Standards

1-8 APPLICABILITY

1-8.1 New Construction

1-8.2 Existing Buildings

1-8.3 Building Additions

1-8.4 Leased Buildings

1-8.5 DoD Purchases of Existing Buildings

1-8.6 Non-DoD Tenant Buildings on DoD Installations

1-8.7 National Guard Buildings

1-8.8 Visitor Centers and Museums ii

1-8.9 Visitor Control Centers at Entry Control Facilities / Access Control Points

1-8.10 Expeditionary Structures

1-9 EXEMPTIONS

1-9.1 Low Occupancy Buildings

1-9.2 Low Occupancy Family Housing

1-9.3 Fisher Houses

1-9.4 Town Centers

1-9.5 Enhanced Use Leases

1-9.6 Transitional Structures and Spaces

1-9.7 Temporary and Relocatable Buildings

1-9.8 Construction Administration Structures

1-9.9 Recruiting Stations in Leased Spaces

1-9.10 Stand Alone Gas Stations and Car Care Centers

1-9.11 Military Protective Construction

1-9.12 Stand-Alone Franchised Fast Food Operations

1-9.13 Stand Alone Shoppettes, Mini Marts, and Similarly Sized Commissaries

1-9.14 Small Stand-Alone Commercial, Bank, and Pharmacy Facilities

1-10 HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMPLIANCE FOR IMPLEMENTATION

OF ANTI-TERRORISM STANDARDS

1-11 DESIGN SUBMITTALS

1-12 INFORMATION SENSITIVITY

1-12.1 Distribution

1-12.2 Posting to the Internet

1-12.3 Plans and Specifications

1-12.4 Design – Build Contracts

1-12.5 Design Submittals

CHAPTER 2 PHILOSOPHY, DESIGN STRATEGIES, AND ASSUMPTIONS

2-1 GENERAL

2-2 PHILOSOPHY

2-2.1 Time

2-2.2 Master Planning

2-2.3 Design Practices

2-3 DESIGN STRATEGIES

iii

2-3.1 Maximize Standoff Distance

2-3.2 Prevent Building Collapse

2-3.3 Minimize Hazardous Flying Debris

2-3.4 Provide Effective Building Layout

2-3.5 Limit Airborne Contamination

2-3.6 Provide Mass Notification

2-4 ASSUMPTIONS

2-4.1 Baseline Threat

2-4.2 Controlled Perimeters and Access Control

2-4.3 Vehicle Barriers

2-4.4 Government Vehicle Parking

2-4.5 Emergency, Command, and Operational Support Vehicles and Mobile Ground Tactical Platforms

2-4.6 Levels of Protection

2-4.7 Applicable Explosive Weight

2-4.8 Standoff Distances

2-4.9 Unobstructed Space

2-4.10 Building Occupancy Levels

2-4.11 Expeditionary Structures

2-4.12 Leased Buildings

2-4.13 Tenant Buildings on DoD Installations

2-4.14 Enhanced Use Leases

2-4.15 Laminated Glass and Polycarbonate

2-4.16 Alternate Window Treatments

2-4.17 Glazed Doors

2-4.18 Exterior Conventional Doors

2-4.19 Exterior Stairwells and Covered or Enclosed Walkways

2-4.20 Exempted Building Types

2-4.21 Policies and Procedures

2-4.22 Other Design Criteria

2-4.23 Training

APPENDIX A GLOSSARY

APPENDIX B DOD MINIMUM ANTITERRORISM STANDARDS FOR NEW AND

EXISTING BUILDINGS

iv

B-1 SITE PLANNING

B-1.1 Standard 1. Standoff Distances

B-1.2 Standard 2. Unobstructed Space

B-1.3 Standard 3. Drive-Up/Drop-Off Areas

B-1.4 Standard 4. Access Roads

B-1.5 Standard 5. Parking Beneath Buildings or on Rooftops

B-2 STRUCTURAL DESIGN

B-2.1 Standard 6. Progressive Collapse Resistance

B-2.2 Standard 7. Structural Isolation

B-2.3 Standard 8. Building Overhangs and Breezeways

B-2.4 Standard 9. Exterior Masonry Walls

B-3 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

B-3.1 Standard 10. Windows and Skylights

B-3.2 Standard 11. Building Entrance Layout

B-3.3 Standard 12. Exterior Doors

B-3.4 Standard 13. Mail Rooms

B-3.5 Standard 14. Roof Access

B-3.6 Standard 15. Overhead Mounted Architectural Features

B-4 ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL DESIGN

B-4.1 Standard 16. Air Intakes

B-4.2 Standard 17. Mail Room Ventilation

B-4.3 Standard 18. Emergency Air Distribution Shutoff

B-4.4 Standard 19. Equipment Bracing

B-4.5 Standard 20. Under Building Access

B-4.6 Standard 21. Mass Notification

APPENDIX C RECOMMENDED ADDITIONAL ANTITERRORISM MEASURES FOR

NEW AND EXISTING BUILDINGS

C-1 SITE PLANNING

C-1.1 Recommendation 1. Vehicle Access Points

C-1.2 Recommendation 2. High-Speed Vehicle Approaches

C-1.3 Recommendation 3. Vantage Points

C-1.4 Recommendation 4. Drive-Up/Drop-Off Areas

C-1.5 Recommendation 5. Building Location

C-1.6 Recommendation 6. Railroad Location v

C-1.7 Recommendation 7. Access Control for Family Housing

C-1.8 Recommendation 8. Standoff for Family Housing

C-1.9 Recommendation 9. Building Separation

C-2 STRUCTURAL AND ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

C-2.1 Recommendation 10. Internal Circulation

C-2.2 Recommendation 11. Visitor Control

C-2.3 Recommendation 12. Asset Location

C-2.4 Recommendation 13. Room Layout

C-2.5 Recommendation 14. External Hallways

APPENDIX D DOD MINIMUM ANTITERRORISM STANDARDS FOR

EXPEDITIONARY STRUCTURES

D-1 GENERAL

D-2 SITE PLANNING STANDARDS

D-2.1 Standard 1. Standoff Distances

D-2.2 Standard 2. Structure Separation

D-2.3 Standard 3. Unobstructed Space

D-3 ADDITIONAL STANDARDS

D-3.1 Pre-engineered Buildings

D-3.2 Fabric Covered, Container Structures, Trailers, Modular Structures, and other Expeditionary Structures

D-4 ANTITERRORISM RECOMMENDATIONS

vi

FIGURES

Figure 1-1. Security Engineering UFC App 1 Figure B-1 Standoff Distances – With Controlled Perimeter Figure B-2 Standoff Distances – No Controlled Perimeter Figure B-3 Parking and Roadway Control for Existing Buildings – Controlled Perimeter

Figure B-4 Parking and Roadway Control for Existing Buildings – No Controlled

Perimeter Figure D-1 Standoff and Separation Distances for Expeditionary Structures

TABLES

Table 2-1 Levels of Protection – New and Existing Buildings Table 2-2 Levels of Protection – Expeditionary Structures Table 2-3 Conventional Construction Parameters Table B-1 Standoff Distances for New and Existing Buildings Table B-2 Conventional Construction Standoff Distances Table D-1 Standoff and Separation Distances for Expeditionary Structures

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1-1 GENERAL.

This document represents a significant commitment by DoD to seek effective ways to minimize the likelihood of mass casualties from terrorist attacks against DoD personnel in the buildings in which they work and live.

1-1.1 Authorities.

DoD Directive 2000.12 stipulates that each military service will ensure that antiterrorism (AT) protective features be incorporated into planning, design and execution of all facility construction to mitigate AT vulnerabilities and terrorist threats. In addition, 10 US Code §2859 required the Secretary of Defense to develop common guidance and criteria to be used to develop construction standards designed to reduce the vulnerability to terrorist attack and to improve the security of the occupants of those structures. This UFC is intended to meet those requirements. In accordance with DoD Instruction 2000.16, all DoD Components will fully comply with this UFC.

1-1.2 Background.

One of the findings in the 1996 Downing Commission report on the Khobar Towers bombing in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia was that there were no standards for force protection in fixed DoD facilities. In partial response to that finding, the initial version of this document was published as an interim standard in December 1999. It applied to Military Construction (MILCON) funded new construction and major renovations of DoD buildings beginning with the Fiscal Year 2002 program. It was transmitted by a memorandum dated 20 September 2002 from the Undersecretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology. The standards were republished in July 2002 as a UFC that applied the standards to all DoD construction meeting the occupancy levels specified by the standard, regardless of funding source. It was also transmitted by a memorandum from the Undersecretary of Defense and was referenced as a requirement by DoD Instruction 2000.16. Subsequently the UFC was republished in October 2003 and with Change 1 in January 2007. This revision predominantly clarifies issues that have been sources of misunderstanding and makes changes that reflect technology transfer of research and development.

1-1.3 Responsibilities.

Protecting people in DoD occupied space must start with an understanding of the risk of a terrorist attack. Application of the standards herein should be consistent with the perceived or identified risk. Everyone in DoD is responsible for protecting DoD personnel and other resources.

1-1.3.1 Individuals.

Each DoD employee, contractor, or family member is responsible for minimizing opportunities for terrorists to threaten or target themselves, their co-workers, and their families in DoD occupied space.

1-1.3.2 Installation Commanders.

Installation commanders and senior commanders in buildings that are occupied, managed, or controlled by or for DoD must protect the people on his or her installation or in his or her building by managing and mitigating the risk to those people in the event of a terrorist attack. The commander is responsible for applying the standards herein, consistent with the identified or perceived risk of people being injured or killed and with the implementing guidance established by the applicable Service, Agency, or Command.

In addition, they are responsible for implementing additional guidance established by geographic combatant commanders for the areas of responsibility within which the installation or building is located.

The commanders will obtain prior approval consistent with Service or Agency guidance if any new construction project, renovation project, leased building, or existing building purchased by DoD to which these standards apply will not meet any one or more of these standards. Lack of funding alone will not be cause to neglect complying with any standard. Commanders cannot deviate from these standards or accept risk based on their own authorities.

1-1.3.3 Heads of DoD Components.

Service Secretaries and Agency Heads will ensure compliance with these standards and will issue guidance for their implementation. That guidance will include a process for evaluating and approving any deviations from these standards where an installation commander believes that it will not be feasible to meet one or more of them on any new construction project, renovation project, leased building, or existing building purchased by DoD to which these standards apply. Any such request for deviation will include plans, procedures, and compensatory measures to mitigate the risks associated with those situations. Implementing guidance will also include processes for notifying (as a minimum) geographic combatant commanders of any deviations from these standards.

Any proposed deviations from these standards or additional requirements imposed by geographic combatant commanders must also satisfy geographic combatant commander deviation requirements.

1-1.3.4 Geographic Combatant Commanders.

Geographic combatant commanders may establish additional guidance to ensure uniform and consistent application of these standards within their areas of operations or to account for any special circumstances. Combatant commanders may establish policies to deal with deviations from any additional standards they develop.

1-1.4 Planning and Integration.

When the best procedures, proper training, and appropriate equipment fail to deter terrorist attacks, adherence to these standards goes far toward mitigating the possibility of mass casualties from terrorist attacks against DoD personnel in the buildings in which they work and live. Although predicting the specific threat is not possible, proper planning and integration of those plans provide a solid foundation for preventing, and if necessary reacting, when terrorist incidents or other emergencies unfold.

An effective planning process facilitates the necessary decision making, clarifies roles and responsibilities, and ensures support actions generally go as planned. A team consisting of the chain of command and key personnel from all appropriate functional areas who have an interest in the building and its operation executes this planning process.

The team should include, as a minimum, antiterrorism/force protection, intelligence, security, and facility engineering personnel. This team is responsible for identifying requirements for the project, facilitating the development of supporting operational procedures, obtaining adequate resources, and properly supporting all other efforts needed to prudently enhance protection of the occupants of every inhabited DoD building. For further information on planning and integration, refer to UFC 4-020-01.

1-1.5 Master Plans.

Installation master plans must include roadmaps for UFC 4-010-01 compliance for all new and existing facilities. For site planning this is predominantly standoff from parking, base perimeters, and entry control points / access control facilities, but it can also include utilities, vantage points, and the location of high value assets.

Buildings sited at the minimum standoff distances in Appendix B that are designed to provide the structural performance required to meet these standards will require construction that is significantly heavier and more expensive than conventional construction; therefore, the minimum standoff distances should not be used as a common master planning strategy unless the resulting cost increases are taken into account.

Clustering facilities into compounds or pods provides a higher density core with pedestrian friendly green space that provides antiterrorism and environmental benefits.

Parking and vehicle circulation are then kept on the perimeter of the compound.

1-2 REFERENCES.

• 36 CFR Part 800, Protection of Historic Properties

• American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/ Building Owners and Managers Association (BOMA) Z65.1-1996, Standard Method for Measuring Floor Area in Office Buildings

• American Society of Civil Engineers Standard (ASCE/SEI) 7-10, Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures, 2010

• ASTM Standard E1300-09, Standard Practice for Determining Load Resistance of Glass in Buildings

• ASTM Standard F1642-04, Standard Test Method for Glazing and Glazing Systems Subject to Airblast Loadings

• ASTM Standard F2247-03, Metal Doors Used in Blast Resistant Applications (Equivalent Static Method)

• ASTM Standard F2248-09, Standard Practice for Specifying an Equivalent 3-Second Duration Design Loading for Blast Resistant Glazing Fabricated with Laminated Glass

• DoD 6055.09-M, DoD Ammunition and Explosive Safety Standards, 4 August 2010

• DoD Directive 5160.58E, Recruiting Facilities, 31 August 2005

• DoD Directive 5400.07, DoD Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Program, 2 January 2008

• DoD Handbook 2000.12-H, DoD Antiterrorism Handbook, 9 February

2004 (For Official Use Only [FOUO])

• DoD Instruction 2000.16, DoD Antiterrorism Standards, 2 October 2006, incorporating Change 2, 8 December 2006

• Federal Highway Administration Manual on Uniform Traffic Control

Devices, 2009

• GTA 90-01-011, Joint Forward Operations Base (JFOB) Survivability and

Protective Construction Handbook, October 2009 (For Official Use Only

[FOUO])

• National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 30-08, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code

• NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code

• PDC Technical Report 06-08, Single Degree of Freedom Structural

Response Limits for Antiterrorism Design

• PDC Technical Report 10-01, Conventional Construction Standoff

Distances for the Low and Very Low Levels of Protection

• PDC Technical Report 10-02, Blast Resistant Design Methodologies for

Window Systems Designed Statically and Dynamically

• SHAPE Document 6160/SHLOFA-059/82, NATO Approved Criteria and

Standards for Tactical and Transport Airfields (6th Addition), 30 March 1982 (NATO Restricted)

• UFC 4-010-02, DoD Minimum Antiterrorism Standoff Distances for Buildings (For Official Use Only [FOUO])

• UFC 4-020-01, DoD Security Engineering Facilities Planning Manual, 11 September 2008

• UFC 4-020-02, DoD Security Engineering Facilities Design Manual

• UFC 4-021-01, Design and O&M: Mass Notification Systems, 9 April 2008

• UFC 4-022-01, Security Engineering: Entry Control Facilities/Access

Control Points, 25 May 2005

• UFC 4-023-03, Design of Buildings to Resist Progressive Collapse, 25 January 2005

• UFC 3-701-01, DoD Facilities Pricing Guide for FY2011, March 2011, with Change 1

• UFC 3-301-01, Structural Engineering, 27 January 2010

• UFC 3-340-01, Design and Analysis of Hardened Structures to

Conventional Weapons Effects, 1 June 2002

• The Deputy Secretary of Defense, 12 July 2011, Memorandum, Subject:

Antiterrorism (AT) Standards for Leased Space

• The Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and

Logistics, 18 September 2009, Memorandum, Subject: Expiration of Leases Impacted By Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) 2005

• US Army Protective Design Center web site (https://pdc.usace.army.mil)

1-3 GENERAL BUILDING REQUIREMENTS.

UFC 1-200-01, "General Building Requirements", provides applicability of model building codes and government-unique criteria for typical design disciplines and building systems, as well as for accessibility, antiterrorism, security, sustainability, and safety.

Use this UFC in addition to UFC 1-200-01 and the UFCs and government criteria referenced therein.

1-4 SECURITY ENGINEERING UFC SERIES.

This UFC is one of a series of security engineering unified facilities criteria documents that cover minimum standards, planning, preliminary design, and detailed design for security and antiterrorism. The manuals in this series are designed to be used sequentially by a diverse audience to facilitate development of projects throughout the design cycle. The manuals in this series include the following:

1-4.1 DoD Minimum Antiterrorism Standards for Buildings.

This UFC and 4-010-02 establish standards that provide minimum levels of protection against terrorist attacks for the occupants of all DoD inhabited buildings. These UFCs are intended to be used by security and antiterrorism personnel and design teams to identify the minimum requirements that must be incorporated into the design of all new construction and major renovations of inhabited DoD buildings. They also include recommendations that should be, but are not required to be incorporated into all such buildings.

1-4.2 Security Engineering Facilities Planning Manual.

UFC 4-020-01 presents processes for developing the design criteria necessary to incorporate security and antiterrorism into DoD facilities and for identifying the cost implications of applying those design criteria. Those design criteria may be limited to the requirements of the minimum standards, or they may include protection of assets other than those addressed in the minimum standards (people), aggressor tactics that https://pdc.usace.army.mil/ are not addressed in the minimum standards, or levels of protection beyond those required by the minimum standards. The cost implications for security and antiterrorism are addressed as cost increases over conventional construction for common construction types. The changes in construction represented by those cost increases are tabulated for reference, but they represent only representative construction that will meet the requirements of the design criteria. The manual also addresses the tradeoffs between cost and risk. The Security Engineering Facilities Planning Manual is intended to be used by planners as well as security and antiterrorism personnel with support from planning team members.

1-4.3 Security Engineering Facilities Design Manual.

UFC 4-020-02 provides interdisciplinary design guidance for developing preliminary systems of protective measures to implement the design criteria established using UFC 4-020-01. Those protective measures include building and site elements, equipment, and the supporting manpower and procedures necessary to make them all work as a system. The information in UFC 4-020-02 is in sufficient detail to support concept level project development, and as such can provide a good basis for a more detailed design.

The manual also provides a process for assessing the impact of protective measures on risk. The primary audience for the Security Engineering Design Manual is the design team, but it can also be used by security and antiterrorism personnel.

1-4.4 Security Engineering Support Manuals.

In addition to the standards, planning, and design UFCs mentioned above, there is a series of additional UFCs that provide detailed design guidance for developing final designs based on the preliminary designs developed using UFC 4-020-02. These support manuals provide specialized, discipline specific design guidance. Some address specific tactics such as direct fire weapons, forced entry, or airborne contamination. Others address limited aspects of design such as resistance to progressive collapse or design of portions of buildings such as mail rooms. Still others address details of designs for specific protective measures such as vehicle barriers or fences. The Security Engineering Support Manuals are intended to be used by the design team during the development of final design packages.

1-4.5 Security Engineering UFC Application.

The application of the security engineering series of UFCs is illustrated in Figure 1-1.

UFC 4-020-01 is intended to be the starting point for any project that is likely to have security or antiterrorism requirements. By beginning with UFC 4-020-01, the design criteria will be developed that establishes which of the other UFCs in the series will need to be applied. The design criteria may indicate that only the minimum standards need to be incorporated, or it may include additional requirements, resulting in the need for application of additional UFCs. Even if only the minimum standards are required other UFCs may need to be applied if sufficient standoff distances are unavailable.

Applying this series of UFCs in the manner illustrated in Figure 1-1 will result in the most efficient use of resources for protecting assets against security and antiterrorism related threats.

1-5 STANDARDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS.

Mandatory DoD minimum antiterrorism standards for new and existing inhabited buildings are contained in Appendix B. Additional recommended measures for new and existing inhabited buildings are included in Appendix C. Mandatory DoD minimum antiterrorism standards for expeditionary structures are contained in Appendix D. The standards and recommendations in this document include a combination of performance and prescriptive requirements. In many cases where there are minimum prescriptive requirements, those requirements are based on performance standards and there are generally provisions to allow those performances to be provided through alternate means where those means will provide the required levels of protection.

1-6 INTENT.

The intent of these standards is to minimize mass casualties in buildings or portions of buildings owned, leased, privatized, or otherwise occupied, managed, or controlled by

Figure 1-1. Security Engineering UFC App 1 or for DoD in the event of a terrorist attack. These standards provide appropriate, implementable, and enforceable measures to establish levels of protection against terrorist attacks for all inhabited DoD buildings where no known threat of terrorist activity currently exists. While complete protection against all potential threats for every inhabited building is cost prohibitive, the intent of these standards can be achieved through prudent master planning, real estate acquisition, and design and construction practices.

Where the conventional construction standoff distances detailed in these standards are met, most conventional construction techniques can be used with only marginal impact on the total construction or renovation cost. The financial impact of these standards will be significantly less than the economic and intangible costs of a mass casualty event.

While it is feasible to apply these standards to new construction as of the effective dates established herein, applying them to all existing construction and to all leased facilities as of those dates would not be feasible. The intent, therefore, is to bring existing buildings into compliance with these standards over time as major investments are made in them, as leases are initiated or renewed, or as existing buildings are purchased such that eventually all inhabited DoD buildings will comply with these standards.

1-7 LEVELS OF PROTECTION.

The levels of protection provided by these standards meet the intent described above and establish a foundation for the rapid application of additional protective measures in higher threat environments. These standards may be supplemented where specific terrorist threats are identified, where more stringent local standards apply, or where local commanders or senior leaders dictate additional measures. Detailed descriptions of the levels of protection are provided in Chapter 2 and UFC 4-020-01.

1-7.1 DoD Component Standards.

Where DoD Component standards such as geographic Combatant Commander standards address unique requirements, those standards will be incorporated in accordance with their implementing directives, but not to the exclusion of these standards.

1-7.2 Threat-Specific Requirements.

Determining the Design Basis Threat (DBT) is an installation function requiring programmers, antiterrorism officers, and members of the threat working group.

Determining the facility DBT is the first step in planning antiterrorism requirements. The DBT is unique for each individual facility and is based on the threat likelihoods and the values of the assets in the building. The DBT development process will determine if the minimum AT standards from UFC 4-010-01 are adequate or if additional protective measures are required per UFC 4-020-01.

Where a DBT is identified whose mitigation requires protective measures beyond those required by these standards or DoD Component standards, those measures will be developed in accordance with the provisions of UFC 4-020-01. Those provisions include the design criteria that will be the basis for the development of the protective measures, estimates of the costs of those measures, and detailed guidance for developing the measures required to mitigate the identified threat.

The design criteria include the assets to be protected, the threats to those assets, and the desired levels of protection. Use of UFC 4-020-01 will ensure uniform application, development, and cost estimation of protective measures throughout DoD.

1-7.3 Critical Facilities.

Buildings that must remain mission operational during periods of national crisis and may be subjected to terrorist attack may warrant design to higher levels of protection than those provided by these standards. Ensure detailed risk and threat assessments are executed using UFC 4-020-01 for buildings containing critical assets.

1-7.4 Explosives Safety Standards.

These antiterrorism standards establish criteria to minimize mass casualties and progressive collapse of buildings from terrorist attacks. DoD 6055.09-M, DoD Ammunition and Explosives Safety Standards as implemented by Service component explosive safety standards, establish acceptable levels of protection for accidental explosions of DoD-titled munitions. The explosive safety and antiterrorism standards address hazards associated with unique events; therefore, they specify different levels of protection. Compliance with both standards is required where applicable. Where conflicts arise, the more stringent criteria will govern.

1-8 APPLICABILITY.

These standards apply to all DoD Components, to all DoD inhabited buildings, billeting, and high occupancy family housing, and to all DoD expeditionary structures in accordance with the following:

1-8.1 New Construction.

Implementation of these standards is mandatory for all new construction regardless of funding source in accordance with the following. Projects programmed or designed under previous editions of these standards do not have to be reprogrammed or redesigned to meet the requirements of these standards if design has proceeded beyond 35% completion or, for design-build projects, at the Request for Proposal phase. The provisions of the previous editions will apply to those projects. Due to minor changes between these standards and previous editions, projects currently under design and beyond 35% completion should comply with these standards where possible, however. These standards apply to new construction projects funded under host-nation agreements after the implementation date of these standards or as soon as negotiations with the foreign governments can be completed.

1-8.2 Existing Buildings.

These standards apply to existing buildings when triggered as specified below, regardless of funding source as of the implementation date of these standards except that host nation and other foreign government funded projects may be implemented following negotiations with foreign governments. Projects programmed or designed under previous editions of these standards do not have to be reprogrammed or redesigned to meet the requirements of these standards if design has proceeded beyond 35% completion or, for design-build projects, at the Request for Proposal phase. The provisions of the previous editions will apply to those projects. Due to minor changes between these standards and previous editions, projects currently under design and beyond 35% completion should comply with these standards where possible, however. None of the triggers under this paragraph apply to leased buildings.

For existing leased buildings see paragraph 1-8.4.

1-8.2.1 Major Investments.

Implementation of these standards to bring entire inhabited buildings into compliance is mandatory for all DoD building renovations, modifications, repairs, revitalizations, and restorations where those costs exceed 50% of the plant replacement value of the existing building in accordance with UFC 3-701-01 based on a building of the same size except as otherwise stated in these standards. The 50% cost is exclusive of the costs identified to meet these standards.

In window replacement projects the window replacement and glazing costs should not be used to cause any building to exceed 50% of the plant replacement value where only the window replacement project trigger in paragraph 1-8.2.3 applies to the buildings.

This is to ensure that window replacement projects alone do not trigger whole building compliance with these standards.

In addition, costs of building additions will not be included in calculating the 50% trigger.

Requirements for building additions are in paragraph 1-8.3. Where costs do not exceed the 50% threshold, compliance with these standards is recommended, but not required.

1-8.2.2 Change of Occupancy Level.

Implementation of these standards is mandatory when any building or portion of a building is converted from its current occupancy to a higher occupancy. Examples would include a warehouse (low occupancy) being converted to administrative (inhabited) use, an inhabited administrative building being converted to a primary gathering building, billeting being converted to a primary gathering building, and any building being converted to billeting.

1-8.2.3 Window Replacement.

Because of the significance of glazing hazards in a blast environment, implementation of all provisions of paragraphs B-3.1 and B-3.3.2 of these standards is mandatory for existing inhabited buildings any time a window or glazed door is being replaced. Such replacements may require window frame modification or replacement and building reinforcement around the windows in addition to glazing replacement. Note that the window replacement and glazing costs should not be used to cause any building to exceed 50% of the plant replacement value where only this trigger applies to the building as described in Paragraph 1-8.2.1 above.

1-8.2.4 Roadway Improvement Projects.

When roadway improvement projects not associated with a building renovation, modification, repair, revitalization, or restoration requiring compliance with these standards encroach on the conventional construction standoff distances in Tables B-1 and B-2, that encroachment will not require bringing those existing buildings into compliance with these standards. Those buildings would not be required to meet these standards until they meet one of the triggers above. Paragraph B-1.1.12 establishes the requirements for roadway projects.

1-8.3 Building Additions.

Inhabited additions to existing inhabited buildings shall comply with the minimum standards for new buildings except that operational procedures allowed for control of parking around existing buildings in Appendix B may be applied to the building addition where conventional construction standoff distances are unavailable. If the addition is 50% or more of the gross area of the existing building, the existing building will comply with the minimum standards for existing buildings in Appendix B. If the building addition causes the occupancy of the building to change from inhabited to primary gathering occupancy, the entire inhabited portion of the building will be considered to be primary gathering and will trigger upgrades to the inhabited portion of the building due to change of occupancy. These triggers do not apply to leased buildings.

1-8.4 Leased Buildings.

DoD personnel occupying leased buildings deserve the same level of protection as those in DoD-owned buildings. Implementation of these standards is therefore mandatory for all buildings with DoD populations that meet the population densities to be considered inhabited buildings that are leased for DoD use or in which DoD receives a space assignment from another government agency except as established below.

This requirement is intended to cover all situations, including General Services Administration space, privatized buildings, and host-nation and other foreign government buildings. This requirement is applicable for all new leases and to all renewals or extensions of existing leases.

In accordance with an Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics memorandum dated 18 September 2009, for leases within the National Capital Region (NCR) impacted by Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) 2005, execution of lease renewals until September 30, 2011 to accommodate continued occupancy by DoD organizations in the NCR affected by BRAC is authorized even where existing leased buildings occupied by DoD personnel are not in compliance with these standards. Those lease renewals may be for a term sufficient to allow occupancy by those organizations until their movement to the installations directed by the BRAC recommendations, including any time necessary to complete the disposal process, but in no event beyond September 30, 2014.

In accordance with a Deputy Secretary of Defense memorandum dated 12 July 2011, the requirements of these standards are temporarily suspended for lease renewals or extensions. Existing leases may be renewed or extended for a maximum lease term of

5 years without changes to the security conditions of the buildings. New leases, which typically cover a term of 10 or more years, are not covered by the suspension. This is an interim situation until comparisons between DoD completes its assessment of DoD and interagency standards for leased space and determines which standards are appropriate.

1-8.4.1 Partial Occupancy.

These standards only apply where DoD personnel occupy leased or assigned usable office area constituting at least 25% of the usable building area, and they only apply to that portion of the building that is occupied by DoD personnel. If additional DoD tenants enter into leases in buildings with existing DoD tenants and those additional tenants increase the DoD occupied usable office area to 25% or more of the usable building area, the entire portion of the building occupied by DoD personnel must comply with these standards as the applicable leases are renewed.

1-8.4.2 New Buildings.

Buildings that are built to lease to DoD will comply with the standards for new construction.

1-8.4.3 Existing Buildings.

New leases, renewals of leases, or modifications of leases in existing buildings that result in DoD occupied usable office area exceeding 25% of the usable building area will trigger the minimum standards for existing buildings . Major renovations of leased buildings do not trigger these standards unless they involve new leases or lease renewals or modifications. Lease status is the only applicable trigger for existing leased buildings other than the partial occupancy criteria in paragraph 1-8.4.1.

1-8.5 DoD Purchases of Existing Buildings.

Existing inhabited buildings purchased for use by DoD will comply with the minimum standards for existing buildings. Those buildings will meet the requirements before they can be occupied by DoD personnel. Building purchases in progress or programmed as of the date of publication of this UFC are exempt from these standards until they meet one of the other triggers in paragraph 1-8.2.

1-8.6 Non-DoD Tenant Buildings on DoD Installations.

Because buildings built by non-DoD tenants on DoD property may be taken over by DoD during their life cycles, non-DoD tenant-built buildings other than those that meet one of the exemptions below shall comply with these standards, regardless of funding source. For the purposes of these standards, non-DoD tenant-built building occupancies will be calculated assuming that building occupants are DoD personnel.

1-8.7 National Guard Buildings.

Any National Guard building that uses Federal funding for new construction, renovations, modifications, repairs, restorations, or leasing and that meets the applicability provisions above, will comply with these standards.

1-8.8 Visitor Centers and Museums.

Where DoD or non-DoD visitors to visitor centers, museums, and similar buildings on DoD property routinely increase the occupancy of those buildings to levels meeting the definitions of inhabited or primary gathering buildings , those buildings will comply with these standards.

1-8.9 Visitor Control Centers at Entry Control Facilities / Access Control Points.

For the purposes of this standard, visitor control centers located at controlled perimeters will be considered to be outside the controlled perimeter, and their population will include all permanently assigned DoD personnel plus the average daily peak population of visitors in the building.

1-8.10 Expeditionary Structures.

Implementation of these minimum standards is mandatory for all expeditionary structures that meet the occupancy criteria for inhabited or primary gathering buildings or billeting. See Appendix D for structure types that meet the expeditionary structures criteria. Many expeditionary structures are in forward operating locations where there is a conventional and/or terrorist threat more severe than those addressed in these standards. In those situations more detailed planning and additional measures are needed for providing protection. Refer to the GTA 90-01-011, Joint Forward Operations Base (JFOB) Survivability and Protective Construction Handbook. Where there is no known terrorist threat the following apply:

1-8.10.1 New Structures.

These standards apply to all new expeditionary structures effective as of the implementation date of these standards.

1-8.10.2 Existing Structures.

These standards will apply to all existing expeditionary structures as they undergo major modifications or renovations as of the implementation date of these standards.

1-9 EXEMPTIONS.

Unless DoD Components dictate otherwise, the following buildings are exempt from requirements of these standards as specified below. Compliance with these standards for those buildings is recommended where possible.