P E Presentation ONR Aug11-08_rev3_Polkowski.ppt
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Hydrogen Separation from a Logistics-Fuel Reformate Stream Power+Energy, Inc.
Al Stubbmann, VP Sales + Marketing Ed Polkowski, VP Product Development
Power+Energy, Inc. 8/11-12/08
Problem Statement
| DoD needs Fuel Cell Hydrogen from JP-8 |
| High Sulfur (3000 ppm) Logistic Fuel |
| Applications in all service branches |
| Fuel cells generate power and support |
| Fuel conservation |
| Increased payloads / longer duration missions |
| Survivability (noise emissions, thermal signature) |
| The fuel processing system must be: |
| Compact, Reliable, 100% effective in S removal |
101 10 2 103 104 105 106 107 108
Soldier Power Ship Service Ship Propulsion
MEFFV
Vehicles, Generators Sensors, Unmanned Vehicles Portable Power
USV/UUV/
Submersible Military
POWER
(WATTS)
Commercial Residential Automotive Electronics Heavy Vehicle Locomotive Industrial Marine
DoD and Commercial Power Requirements
Platforms: DDG and CGX
FUEL CELL
Baseline Technology
| JP-8 Logistic Fuel is desulfurized (trace S still present) |
| “Desulfurized fuel” is “reformed”, breaking it down into smaller components (CO, CO2, H2, H2O) |
| A secondary process (water-gas shift) reacts water and carbon monoxide to for carbon dioxide and more H2. |
| Hydrogen is separated and purified using a multiple bed absorption technology called pressure swing absorption (PSA). |
| PSA is a mechanical, maintenance-intensive process |
| requires a large amount of space. |
| Limited removal of trace impurities |
Deriving Hydrogen From Fuels
Conventional vs. Membrane Reactor Fuel Processing
REFORMER
WGS
REACTOR
FUEL &
WATER
H2
SEPARATOR
H2
PURIFIER
FUEL
CELL
ELECTRICITY
REFORMER
MEMBRANE
REACTOR
FUEL &
WATER
FUEL
CELL
ELECTRICITY
Conventional
New
Solution
| Palladium alloy membranes |
| Non-porous thin membranes |
| Gases cannot pass through |
| Only hydrogen atoms diffuse through Pd Alloy |
| Pd is catalyst, breaks down H2 at membrane surface |
| Eliminates risk of Sulfur and CO poisoning of FC |
| Membranes perform multiple functions: |
| Separate the hydrogen from reformed fuel |
| Promote the water gas shift process |
| Purify the hydrogen to fuel cell specifications |
| P+E has novel, scaleable membrane design |
Sulfur-Immune Palladium Membranes
| Feature | Advantage | Benefit | |
| 100% Hydrogen selective | Impurities, poisons don’t reach Fuel Cell | Extends Fuel Cell lifetime | |
| Completely passive process | No additional energy input necessary | Increased net energy recovery | |
| Impurities pass through assy. | No capture | ||
| no regeneration | Low maintenance vs. PSA | ||
| Promotes water-gas shift process | Reduces total component count | Reduced size Reduced weight | |
| Can tolerate JP-8 sulfur levels | Provides barrier if desulfurization fails | Absolute Protection for Fuel Cell |
UTRC DOE Project Scorecard for P+E United Technologies Research Center Data for DOE H2 Review 6/13/08
| Metric | 2010 DOE Target | Comments |
| Flux Rate | 200-250 ft3 / ft2hr | Yes for T>480 °C |
| Impurity tolerance | 20 ppmv Sulfur CO/Coke tolerant | Can Tolerate >>levels of S, CO |
| Hydrogen purity | 99.5% | >99.9999% |
| Pressure / Temp | Up 400 psi Δ P 300-600 °C | 250 psi Δ P 300-600 °C |
| Cost | $100-1,000 / ft2 | Est. $5/scfh H2 |
| Durability | 3 years | >15,000 hrs |
(Methanol Fuel)
Hydrogen Supply for Hi Temp Fuel Cells
| All fuel cells can benefit from pure hydrogen |
| Consistent H2 quality- independent of feed |
| P+E Sulfur tolerant Pd Membranes deliver |
| Barrier- preventing poisons from reaching fuel cell |
| Opportunity to tune ratio of H2 delivered to fuel cell and energy content of raffinate for steam generation |
| No absorption, no need for regeneration |
| Passive system- uses reformate temp + pressure |
| Compact Systems |
| Critical for utilization in mobile APU applications |
| Minimal additional balance of plant requirements |
P+E Technology Growth Areas
| Fuel Processors + Fuel Cell Integrators |
| Supply Membrane Separator Assemblies |
| Collaboration on Process Development |
| Hydrogen Recovery from Alternative Fuels |
| Distributed Power Generation |
| Development of OEM-spec fuel processors |
| Auxiliary Power Units |
| Military Vehicles |
| Industrial, Commercial, Transportation |
| Established 1993, Philadelphia, PA |
| Branch office in Yokohama, Japan |
| Large installed base of H2 purifiers in Worldwide |
| Ongoing commitment to advancement of hydrogen membrane technology |
| Developing H2 Technology: Alt. Fuels |
| On-demand H2 from any H-bearing fuel |
| Navy contracts: H2 Separation from JP8 Reformate |
| Sulfur Immune Pd Alloy Membranes |
Facilities
| Leased Flex Space |
| 10,000 Sq.Ft. |
| Class 10,000 Cleanroom |
| Robotic Mfg & Assembly |
| Orbital + Laser Welding |
| Dedicated Lab space |
| Reliability Test Stations |
| Machine Shop – CNC |
| QC Area |
| SEM/EDAX |
P+E Commercial Products
| Commercial Supplier of Hydrogen Purifiers |
| H2 purifiers for Semiconductors, Labs, Instruments |
| Global customer base, more than 850 units |
PE2100 Series Instrument / Lab Purifiers PE9000S Purifiers Factory Central Purifier
101 10 2 103 104 105 106 107 108
Soldier Power Ship Service Ship Propulsion
MEFFV
Vehicles, Generators Sensors, Unmanned Vehicles Portable Power
USV/UUV/
Submersible
POWER
(WATTS)
500 Watt 6” x 0.75” 100 Watt 5” x 0.5” 50 kWatt 16”x 4” P+E’s Compact Hydrogen Separators 50-250 kW 22”x 26”x24”
FUEL CELL
Battelle JP-8 fueled APU w/ P+E Membranes
5 kWe (net) APU Demonstrated in Bradley Vehicle & Skid Mounted PNNL Micro-channel Steam Reformer P+E Membranes PEM Fuel Cell
P+E Technology Platform for closely related Products
| Application | Power | Fuels |
| On-Grid stationary backup power | 10kW(e) | |
| Natural Gas |
Propane Ethanol Diesel Gasoline
| Off-grid primary power generators |
| 10kW(e) |
15kW(e) 30kW(e) 50kW(e) Natural Gas Propane Ethanol Diesel
JP-8
Portable Products Back-up power Prime power
| Alternatives to generators and batteries | 5kW(e) |
| 10kW(e) | Propane |
Diesel
JP-8
Auxiliary power Vehicles Ships Aircraft 5-10 kW(e) 20-50 kW(e) 250 kW(e) 1 mW (e) Propane Diesel
JP-8
P+E acknowledges support for this and related projects under a Series of SBIR and BAA contracts from the Office of Naval Research, Ships and Engineering Systems Division, Code 331 Arlington VA and guidance from NAVSEA, Energy Conversion Section, Code 9823, Philadelphia
In addition, P+E has also received Phase I SBIR funding from ARO and Phase II SBIR funding from DARPA in related R&D areas
Contact information
106 Railroad Drive Ivyland, PA 18974 Al Stubbmann- VP Sales & Marketing Mobile: 610-217-0193 Office: 215-942-4600 x 17 Fax: 215-942-9300 al.s@powerandenergy.com www.powerandenergy.com
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