CES Power Electronics and Control.pdf
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High Temperature Fuel Cell (SOFC) Based Auxiliary Power Unit
Workshop
Power Electronics and Control Robert Ashton, PhD
11-12 August 2008
PDM3 SOFC APU Objective
• Develop and demonstrate a modular, compact, high temperature fuel cell system which provides high efficient, silent power for soldier and APU applications.
Fuel Cells Systems as Military Power Source
• High efficiency at partial load
• Easy Partitioning for optimized operations
• Quiet operations
Fuel Cell Generators Created Through Balancing Systems
Oxygen Processing System Fuel Processing System Water Management System Thermal Management System
Fuel Cell Stack Balance Electrical Processing System Waste Energy Recovery System System Controller
Sample Required Transient Response
• Mil Specs written around rotating prime mover and generator
• Transients may require Energy Storage for electrical transients
Power Electronic Ramification
• Fuel cell stack provides load power
• Energy storage source provides load power
• Optimize fuel cell and energy storage systems
FC PCM
FC
=PPCMPFC
PPCM
1 - 10 sec.
transients
PFC<<PPCM Charger
<PESFCP <PPCM
=PPCMPES
ES
(a) System 1
(b) System 2
(c) System 3
FC
PCM
PCM
SOFC System Tradeoffs
Low Risk
Low Risk
High Risk
High Risk
HighLow Operating Temperature
Fu el
/A ir
Pr oc es si ng M aterial Selection
• Sample Parameters: FC Size, ES Size, Operating Temperature, Affordability, Robustness
Fuel Cell APU System Models
• Eventually they need to account for all the systems
Hardware in the Loop Testing
• Will be used for System Optimization
Sample PEM System Requirement
• 65kW @ 216V and 300A
• Slow Loading of FC
Stack (4 sec)
• Low Ripple for Improve
Stack Life (1% @100Hz)
Optimal Step Load Profile from No-Load to Full-Load
0.0
37.5
75.0
112.5
150.0
187.5
225.0
262.5
300.0
337.5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Time (sec)
C ur re nt
(A
C Current Theory (A) FC Current Theory (A) Load Current Theory (A) C Current Model (A) FC Current Model (A) Load Current Model (A)
PEBB for Linear Loading
Figure 1 – Powerex PEBB
System Model for Linear Load
Switch Voltage
Switch Enable
Switch Current
Stack Voltage
Scope
DC In PWM Out
PWM w/ Deadband
Open
No Backfeed
Lower Diode s
Filter Cap
FC
Diode
Duty Cycle Ramp
Duty Cycle
Discontinuous s
DC Link Cap s
Buck Inductor
Add3
Add2
Add
-K-
1/RC link
-K-
1/RC filter
-K-
1/L buck
-K-
1/C link
-K-
1/C filter
PEBB Ramping Load
Stack Voltage
Load Voltage
Inductor Current
| High Temperature Fuel Cell (SOFC)Based Auxiliary Power UnitWorkshop |
| PDM3 SOFC APU Objective |
| Fuel Cells Systems as Military Power Source |
| Fuel Cell Generators CreatedThrough Balancing Systems |
| Sample Required Transient Response |
| Power Electronic Ramification |
| SOFC System Tradeoffs |
| Fuel Cell APU System Models |
| Hardware in the Loop Testing |
| Sample PEM System Requirement |
| PEBB for Linear Loading |
| System Model for Linear Load |
| PEBB Ramping Load |
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