Interior_Design_Guide_(AMC.pdf

INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE

A I R M O B I L I T Y C O M M A N D

The men and women of Air Mobility Command are strongly committed to providing Global Reach for America. In return, the senior leaders are equally committed to providing their people the quality facilities they need and deserve.

One of the most important factors in determining the quality of a facility is its interior design-its functional layout, interior finishes, and furnishings. These are features which require very careful consideration in the design process.

At Headquarters Air Mobility Command, we have established the AMC Design Center as a center of excellence in facility design. The multi-disciplinary staff includes highly qualified professionals in all aspects of design-their mission is to help commanders and their staffs with facility upgrade programs which will significantly improve our mission capability and quality of life for our people.

“The Air Mobility Team....Responsive Global Reach for America...Every Day!”

i

INTRODUCTION

A. Purpose

B. Philosophy

C. Design Guide Scope and Use

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

APPROACH AND EXECUTION

A. Programming

1. Functional Requirements

2. Understanding the User’s Needs

B. Concept Development

1. Physical and Behavioral Requirements

2. Space Planning

3. Architectural Design

4. Color Concept

5. Material Selection

C. Design Development

1. Design Narrative

2. Design Illustration

3. Color and Material Selection

4. Furnishings Selection

D. Concept Presentation

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ii

A. Function B. Cost Effectiveness

C. Durability

D. Maintainability

E. Compatibility

Design

Creativity

Flexibility Timelessness

F.

G.

H.

I.

TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT.’D)

E. Design Execution

1. Statement of Work

2. Architectural Floor Plan

3. Finish Schedule and Color Legend

4. Finish Floor Plan

5. Elevations, Sections, and Details

6. Miscellaneous Drawings

7. Furniture Floor Plan

8. Installation Plans

9. Furnishings Specifications

10. Furnishings Cost Estimates

11. Furnishings Order Form

FUNCTIONAL CRITERIA

A. Residential B. Hospitality/Lodging C. Food Service D. Office/Administrative E. Maintenance/Warehouse F. Recreation G. Medical H. Educational

GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

SUBMITTAL REQUIREMENTS

APPENDIX

Abbreviations Sample Cost Estimates General References iii

The structural, electrical, and mechanical systems enhance the architecture and interior design features and vice versa.

A.PURPOSE

This guide provides commanders with the Air Mobility Command (AMC) approach to interior design. Use it to educate and assist base designers, AMC design agents, and architectural/engineering firms working on all AMC interior renovation and new construction projects.

B.PHILOSOPHY

Quality interior design for AMC reflects “understated excellence” and assures that our facilities are attractive, environmentally safe, operationally efficient, and maintainable. The interior designer must strive for sound economical, functional, and aesthetic design achievements.

Well-designed facilities satisfy the user’s needs, instill pride of ownership, and promote productivity in the workplace.

C.DESIGN GUIDE SCOPE AND USE

It is AMC’s goal to design facility interiors that meet or exceed the user’s expectations for attractive, functional facilities. The Design Objectives section is intended to provide a clear understanding of this goal to all members of the design team— from the commander to the interior designer and the user.

This guide also includes criteria for providing structural and comprehensive interior designs for AMC facilities:

• Structural Interior Design (SID) – This process involves the selection and coordination of interior materials and finishes that are part of the building or are built-in items (i.e., cabinets, equipment, etc.).

• Comprehensive Interior Design (CID) – This process involves designing, selecting, and developing interior building materials, finishes, special effects, and furnishings for an integrated visual design theme (architectural and interior design). CID requirements, therefore, include structural interior design items and graphics. Furnishings include furniture, artwork, interior plants, trash receptacles, water fountains, chalk and tack boards, signs, entry directories, window coverings and other similar items.

The designer must work systematically as outlined in the Approach and Execution section. This will help drive the design to be more efficient, functional and satisfying to the customer. The general design requirements outlined throughout this guide are based on broad functional categories. Refer to individual AMC facility standards guides listed in the General References for more specific information by facility type.

This guide illustrates what is required for interior design project submittals, including format and content. In addition to listing AMC facility guides, the General References includes some applicable codes, policies, and references that can be of assistance for facility designs. ■

INTRODUCTION

Limited floor area and the need for communication between workers may require the use of shared workspaces.

Structural elements can create a focal point in traffic areas.

A well-designed space provides a feeling of warmth and comfort.

Integrate engineering, architectural, and interior design considerations to create a “seamless” interior. The structural, electrical, and mechanical systems enhance the architectural and interior design features and vice versa. The goal is to create a fully integrated environment where the occupant loses sight of “how” and “why” the facility works and simply enjoys being there.

A. FUNCTION

Functional interior design ensures that each aspect of the interior environment performs efficiently for the user. A good working relationship between the user and designer will help accomplish this goal. Each facility type presents unique functional requirements that will ultimately affect the selection of finish materials and furnishings. It is important for the designer to investigate all aspects of these requirements through the user.

B. COST EFFECTIVENESS

All interior selections must reflect the “best buy” for the Air Force in terms of aesthetic value and life-cycle costs.

Inexpensive, short-term solutions do not necessarily produce cost savings over time.

C. DURABILITY

Durable designs and finishes help facilities pass the “test of time.” The designer must be concerned with material durability and wear as well as cost. Select quality materials and products appropriate to the function and level of use. Extra consideration must be given to products specified in heavy-use areas and specific functional areas.

D. MAINTAINABILITY

The use of easily maintained finishes is critical. While certain finishes may provide excellent durability, the designer must give serious consideration to maintenance and the effort required to maintain the appeal of certain products. It is critical to be familiar with finishes that wear well with low maintenance requirements.

E. COMPATIBILITY

The designer must be familiar with the base’s architectural and environmental compatibility plans to achieve a unified sense of scale, tradition, and compatibility. The design team needs to understand that occasionally conditions exist which may limit the ability to meet the compatibility standards, especially when dealing with historic buildings.

F. DESIGN

Facilities must meet as many “human” needs at as many levels as possible, especially the need to feel good about one’s surroundings. Work and living environments are increasingly within the control of those who design and build them. In the work place, the design team’s responsibility is to provide a facility which fosters productivity and job satisfaction. Well-designed interiors can provide an environment that contributes to achievement at work and enhances pleasure and relaxation in recreational facilities.

G. CREATIVITY

Budget constraints place increased importance on design creativity. Proper planning and research of innovative design features will help the designer provide quality facility interiors within restricted budgets.

H. FLEXIBILITY

Flexible designs are essential to meet the dynamic requirements of the AMC mission. While the primary function of each facility must be the priority, the designer must keep in mind that functions evolve, and facilities may require future modifications. Flexibility within building systems will reduce the amount of time and money required for future alterations.

Rapid technological advancements often demand upgraded equipment, power, and communication requirements. These advancements in technology should enhance, rather than outpace, the usefulness of AMC facilities.

I. TIMELESSNESS

A sense of timelessness in AMC facility design will extend the life and usefulness of design projects. Structural expression, suitability of materials, harmonious visual and tactile features, and classic furnishings will always remain the foundation of good design. The selection of trendy or dated finishes or design features is contrary to AMC design philosophy. Interiors should be creative but not extreme, reflect quality but not opulence, and be capable of being updated without requiring major changes to materials, spaces, or functions. ■

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

Tables of varying height accommodate numerous personal comfort preferences.

A professional interior designer, qualified by education, experience and often state registration, is concerned with space planning and the selection of materials and furnishings to fulfill the functional requirements of interior spaces. AMC expects architectural and engineering firms, the Naval Facilities Engineering Command, and the Army Corps of Engineers to use qualified professional interior designers. AMC encourages its wing commanders to establish an interior design position in the base engineer staff to provide design and review expertise. The designer must follow these steps to ensure a well-planned interior:

Programming - Meet with the user, gather information, understand the requirements, and identify special needs.

Concept Development - Perform space planning, architectural design, and material selection; and identify desired atmosphere and color themes, such as warm/cool. neutral/pastel,etc.

Design Development - Formalize the design concept into a presentation.

Concept Presentation - Educate the users and gain their approval through a formal presentation.

Design Execution - Prepare contract documents, specifications, and working drawings.

A. PROGRAMMING

To meet a facility’s functional requirements, the designer must define the facility function and understand the user’s needs.

The designer accomplishes this by using communication skills, technical knowledge, and artistic talent.

1. Functional Requirements - AMC facilities can be divided into several major groups, including residential, hospitality/lodging, food service, office/administrative, maintenance/warehouse, recreation, medical, and educational.

Each facility has requirements specific to its function and mission. The designer must identify and understand these requirements and translate them into a design.

2. Understanding the User’s Needs - The designer must visit the project site, get to know the user, and gather data about the function, occupancy, and the user’s expectations. This can be accomplished through meetings, surveys, and research.

a. Meetings - These include, but are not limited to, conferences held for predesign, presentation of concept, and review of various stages of project development.

b. Surveys - These can be performed by face-to-face interviews or written questionnaires. Surveys are an efficient way of gathering information concerning:

◆ Expected occupancy ◆ Types of duties or operations involved ◆ Individual space and equipment requirements ◆ Shared or common space and equipment requirements ◆ Interrelationships of people and functions within the facility space ◆ Special equipment requirements and locations ◆ Future requirements ◆ Unusual circumstances affecting the design

c. Research - The interior designer must follow all applicable Air Force instructions, policies, and pamphlets, as well as building, fire, and safety codes and regulations.

The design team must investigate new product development, as well as availability and reliability of existing products and sources. A check of the user’s satisfaction in similar facilities may help in making critical design decisions.

B. CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT

As the user’s requirements become clear, the interior designer begins to formulate solutions for the design. In the concept development phase, those ideas begin to take form through:

1. Space Planning - What happens within a space determines the perception and experience that the user will encounter.

Some important considerations for space planning include:

a. Personal space - Provide for the personalization of each user’s space for display of personal items within limits.

Provide individual lighting whenever possible.

b. Functional relationships - Take into account the different groups of people and their working relationships.

c. Adjacency priorities - Identify and prioritize which employee groups need to be located adjacent to each other.

APPROACH AND EXECUTION

d. People relationships - Identify the relationships and interactions of individuals within a group.

e. Status and function - Identify special requirements for circulation, public/private space separation, VIP areas, informal gathering spaces (coffee bars, break rooms, and shared equipment space), and storage (filing, coats, supplies, etc.). The occupant’s rank or position will influence the square footage and selection of materials.

f. Equipment usage - Identify all equipment and its users within each facility or each area of the facility.

g. Efficient use of space - Maximize the use of all spaces for their functions.

h. Flexibility within the space - Recognize that future modifications and function changes may require adjustments within a space to accommodate staff size changes and new technology.

i. Aesthetics and comfort - Create an atmosphere that increases human comfort and efficiency (i.e., ergonomics) in a pleasing way.

2. Architectural Design

a. Codes and regulations - Life safety and fire codes and regulations must be followed in all designs.

◆ Identify all applicable codes early in a project to minimize the need for reselections or rework.

◆ Be aware that codes apply to furnishings as well as finishes.

◆ Ensure that all designs meet Uniform Federal

Accessibility Codes and comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act.

b. Location influences - There may be site specific factors which influence design solutions. It is the designer’s responsibility to identify which factors need consideration and determine the best method of addressing each. These include, but are not limited to:

◆ Architectural compatibility with existing facilities - The local parameters determining a facility’s exterior features will affect the size and type of windows, the ceiling heights, and to an extent, the materials carried into lobbies, foyers, and other internal spaces. The designer must work with the project architect to ensure the complete coordination of interior and exterior designs for the best interest of the user and the function of the space.

◆ Historical preservation requirements - The National Historic Preservation Act requires federal agencies to consult with the State Historic Preservation Officer and the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation reguarding proposed changes to properties listed on or eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places.

The Secretary of the Interior Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties provides guidelines for making sure that selections do not compromise a facility’s historic integrity.

◆ Cultural beliefs and customs - Many nationalities and religious groups attach significance to certain colors, patterns, and materials. Some are considered sacred, good influences, and prestigious, while others are considered taboo. For instance, most Western cultures consider black the color of mourning. Eastern/Oriental cultures associate white with mourning. Some Middle Eastern groups wear

Provide for personalization of individual work areas.

Some facilities may require multiuse spaces.

head coverings of patterns significant to their nationality or religion. Irish and Scottish family heritage is linked to certain colors and patterns of plaid. The designer must investigate any customs or cultural influences that might become protocol issues.

◆ Current mission - Often the mission of the user dictates certain design features. For example, sometimes windows are downsized or even eliminated. In these cases, designers need to emphasize other architectural elements and finishes to ensure a pleasant atmosphere for the users.

◆ Availability of materials and resources - Some materials are not readily available nor economically shipped to all locations. When designing a project for remote locations, consider cost and availability before specifying a product.

◆ Special climatic and/or maintenance problems - Sometimes the designer must take into account local climatic conditions when selecting materials and finishes. Special maintenance requirements must be identified when the following factors exist:

• Heavy snow or rain

• Very arid or humid climates

• Unusual soil conditions and sand

• High level of sun exposure

◆ Noise levels - Proper acoustical design depends on a careful ratio of reflective to absorptive surfaces so that excessive reverberation and disturbing sound intensity levels can be eliminated. The type of noise disturbance and function of the space will determine the adequate level of sound control.

◆ Security requirements - The user must provide any special security requirements that need to be included in the project. The user must validate and provide information from the appropriate agency, for example the Security Police, before design begins. When dealing with facilities that have special security needs, security clearances might have to be obtained.

c. Light - Light and its effects on the environment are critical to the interior design of a space. The quality and placement of light sources are as important as light level in obtaining the functional and the aesthetic intent of the spatial design. Be aware of how the light source affects space perception, finishes, colors, and textures when making design decisions. The function of the room or facility will influence the system type and amount of lighting required.

Numerous studies have shown that natural light positively affects both physical and mental health. In the work environment, people tend to have more job satisfaction if they have some contact with natural light through windows, skylights, and atriums. The designer must work with the project architect and the user to provide natural lighting in the most functional, cost-effective manner. The interior designer must be involved in the selection of artificial light fixtures and sources to ensure:

◆ Functional compatibility ◆ Aesthetic compatibility ◆ Elimination of glare and color washout ◆ Assurance of color integrity of finish materials ◆ Flexibility in light control ◆ Adequate supplemental light for maintenance where required ◆ Proper lamping (bulbs) per fixture based on life cycle cost and replacement lamp availability ◆ Compliance with life safety codes

d. Proportion - Room dimensions should be appropriate for the function. This is easier to accomplish in new facilities, although many things can be done in renovation projects to change the perceived size of a room or space without actually changing its dimensions. Some of these are discussed in the Color Concept section. The designer must create a balance between a space and the furnishings within it. The scale and mass of items placed within a space greatly affect how that space is perceived. An interior should be comfortable for the user without feeling crowded or underfurnished.

Some security requirements can be easily incorporated in a design.

Furnishings within a space must also relate to each other in a harmonious manner providing focus and balance for the viewer.

3. Physical and Behavioral Requirements - Human comfort and well-being are priority considerations. The minimum physical environmental requirements include appropriate levels of lighting, temperature, humidity, and background noise. Some individual control of these levels is desirable. As with all aspects of design, the function of the space will determine the desirable amount of the user’s control, depending on individual or group differences, the activities involved, and time spent within the space. The designer must address the behavioral needs of the occupants, including safety and security, privacy, personal space, and visual/directional orientation.

4. Color Concept - Color preference is very personal, and individual interpretation of color varies widely. However, the true properties of color are constant. The designer must have knowledge of these properties and their relationship to the functional, spatial, and lighting aspects throughout the space.

The designer and the user must separate personal taste from professional design. The following general guidance directs attention to special areas of consideration when selecting color schemes for AMC facilities.

a. Provide timeless color coordination that will be attractive to the majority of people.

◆ Use neutral colors for permanent background finishes

(e.g., architectural materials—ceramic tiles, stone, bathroom fixtures, panel fabrics etc.) to support a variety of color schemes.

◆ Vary the intensity of color and create patterns to provide visual relief from the monotony of neutral colors.

◆ Use accent colors for finishes that are subject to periodic change (carpets, wallcoverings, upholstery, etc.), and to create interest in focal points.

◆ Use pattern and texture to enhance visual interest.

◆ Provide small amounts of intense colors in graphics, borders, accessories, and artwork for visual stimulation.

b. Use color to enhance the spatial qualities of an area.

◆ Use warm colors to make a room seem smaller, more

“human” in scale; warm colors appear to advance toward the viewer.

◆ Use cool colors to make a room seem larger, and more spacious; cool colors appear to recede from the viewer.

c. Change the perception of a room’s size without construction by varying the placement of horizontal color breaks.

◆ When the ceiling is low, avoid drawing attention to the ceiling line where it meets the wall. Do not use borders or sharply contrasting colors.

◆ A chair rail will draw the viewer’s eye horizontally around a space to make it appear wider.

d. Use fewer color breaks to make a room seem larger.

◆ Paint doors and frames to match the walls in small rooms.

◆ Avoid accent walls; keep wainscot and wall colors similar.

◆ Make walls a similar color to floor coverings.

e. Use patterns and textures to stimulate interest and tie color schemes together.

◆ Select solids and small patterns that coordinate with a larger pattern.

◆ Consider the size of an item when deciding whether it should have a pattern and the size of the pattern to use.

◆ Vary the surface texture to add visual appeal in a one-color scheme, especially when the introduction of a new color is not desirable. Textures affect the way an object reflects light: smooth, shiny surfaces reflect more light than rough dull surfaces. Also important is the facility users’ reaction to textures: glossy surfaces are perceived as cold, while softer, matte finishes are distinguished as warm.

Drapery can camouflage functional elements when not in use.

5. Material Selection - AMC encourages innovative and creative use of finishes and furnishings. New products are always being introduced on the market and often offer increased performance and aesthetics to the product line. Continuing education in product knowledge and research into product development are essential when making finish and furnishing selections. When making selections the designer should consider:

a. Durability - The function of the space will determine the degree of durability required. The aesthetics and how the finish/material relate to the other design elements must also be considered, as well as cost justification.

b. Maintenance - The use of easily maintained finishes is critical. While certain finishes may provide excellent durability, the designer also must give serious consideration to maintenance requirements. The maintenance plans of many facilities are minimal, so finishes that wear well and are lower in maintenance requirements perform best.

Establishing a maintenance schedule is the user’s responsibility, but designer input is essential. The designer can assist by:

◆ Supplying manufacturer suggested maintenance information ◆ Emphasizing the importance of a regular maintenance schedule ◆ Indicating special products required for the maintenance program

c. Life cycle cost and appeal - The designer must consider product performance and longevity of appeal, as well as initial cost when making selections. If the appeal of a surface or furniture item degrades, the user will want to replace it prematurely. A product that keeps its appearance and shape longer may be a better choice over time.

d. Product quality and performance - Numerous studies show that quality does not necessarily have to cost more.

Quality products perform better and wear longer. Usually these products are backed by manufacturers’ warranties to assure the customer’s continued satisfaction after installation is complete.

e. Environmental factors - Designers today must consider the effects their selections have on the environment over time.

◆ Consider products that are made from recycled materials, or are easily recycled.

Use patterns and textures to stimulate interest and tie color schemes together.

The use of durable and easily maintained finishes and furnishings extend the appeal of a design.

Consider the use of flooring made from recycled products.

• Carpets made from recycled plastics

• Walk-off mats made from old tires

◆ Avoid the use of finishes, adhesives, or furnishings that emit toxic fumes or pollutants during installation and curing.

◆ Specify durable items that require less frequent replacement.

• Loop pile carpet tile vs. cut pile broadloom in office areas or heavy traffic areas.

◆ Specify easily cleaned materials that do not require special chemicals or cleaning solutions.

• Latex vs. oil-based paints

C.DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

At this point in the process, the interior designer should have a clear picture of the design intent. Through the design development process, the designer must complete the following:

1. Design Narrative - Write an explanation to help the user understand the design and selections that have been made.

2. Design Illustration - Provide floor plans, elevations, perspectives, and detail drawings.

3. Color Schemes and Material - Provide finish boards or books to illustrate the color scheme.

4. Furnishings Selection - Provide furniture and accessory boards or books to illustrate the color concept.

D. CONCEPT PRESENTATION

The user’s satisfaction is an important goal, in addition to the longevity of the design. Educate the user to appreciate the long-term value of quality design.Explain the design development process and the designer’s role to the user. The user needs to understand his/her involvement and the impact on the final product.

Through the use of visual presentation materials, including renderings, floor plans, perspectives, finish and furniture boards, the user should gain a clear understanding of the design.

Some elements of a concept presentation

Example of a color rendering

The design narrative explains the presentation materials to the user and communicates the basis for design decisions.

The designer may have to develop creative alternatives to meet specific customer needs or desires, with high-quality, timeless design as the goal for all team members.

E. DESIGN EXECUTION

The completed design package must clearly convey the design intent. The contract documents provide the information necessary to implement the design. These documents include:

1. Statement of Work (SOW) - A brief but thorough description of the work to be performed by the contractor. The SOW is used by the contracting agent to synopsize the project in the bid advertisement.

2. Architectural Floor Plan - Demolition plans, new floor plans, and reflected ceiling plans.

3. Finish Schedule and Color Legend - The matrix indicating which finishes are used on specific interior surfaces, and the list identifying each finish by pattern, color, number, brand and manufacturer.

4. Finish Floor Plan - A drawing typically used to clarify the placement of patterns, borders, or combinations of floor finishes in an area.

5. Elevations, Sections, and Details - Drawings used to further clarify a design feature. Elevations are drawings which typically illustrate placement of wallcovering as well as height of chair rails, bumper guards, plumbing fixtures, and other design features permanently attached to the walls. Sections and details generally illustrate how a particular feature is constructed or attached to another surface or feature, and of what generic materials it is made.

6. Miscellaneous Drawings - Electrical layouts, enlarged floor plans of rest rooms and repetitive areas (e.g., dorm rooms), and construction drawings for built-in cabinetry, etc.

7. Furniture Floor Plan - Scaled layouts showing placement of existing and new furniture and equipment. Separate drawings may be required for conventional furniture (modular or “freestanding” items) and systems furniture (panel mounted workstations, generally prewired). These drawings provide references for changes or decisions required during project construction.

8. Installation Plans - Drawings indicating the placement of systems furniture panels, electrical connections and power layouts, and components. Installation plans and/or elevations may also be required for artwork and signs.

9. Furnishings Specifications - Technical product information, including as necessary item name, size, color, fabric or finish, fire rating, brand and manufacturer, source, quantity, photo or catalog cut, and cost.

10. Furnishings Cost Estimates - Line item extensions of item costs may need to be separated by item category or by room or area for phased purchasing.

11. Furnishings Order Forms - The actual forms required by the user to order the items. ■

Furniture floor plan

Residential

Hospitality/Lodging

Food Service

Office/Administrative

Maintenance/Warehouse

Recreation

Medical

Educational

All AMC buildings are categorized as either permanent or temporary. Permanent facilities are generally masonry or steel frame construction, built for a specific purpose and intended to require minimum maintenance.

Temporary facilities are wood frame with little or no masonry, and are often relocatable and are intended to fill a short-term need of five years or less without regard to degree of maintenance. These temporary structures are often much older than their original intended use, and may have restrictions governing the type and amount of renovation and alteration that can be performed This presents a challenge for designers regarding quality standards and budget limitations.

AMC facilities also are divided into several facility types including:

◆ Residential ◆ Maintenance/Warehouse ◆ Hospitality/Lodging ◆ Recreation ◆ Food Service ◆ Medical ◆ Office/Administrative ◆ Educational

The main factors that affect finish material selection and application include foot traffic; presence of food, beverages, chemicals, grease or other potential soilage; the type of activity that occurs; and the level of quality required.

The following paragraphs and charts illustrate the types of selections that would be appropriate in the various facilities.

Use these as generic guidelines for product selections. Each project may have considerations that require alternate choices. The designer must research these with the user early in the project.

Some facilities do not fit easily into only one category: child development centers, fire stations, chapels, passenger terminals, and flight line facilities are examples of multifunctional facilities. In these cases, the designer must use judgment in determining the proper blend of interior finishes and furnishings. Examination of several categories may be necessary to compile the requirements for projects in one of these facilities. Heavy-use areas include wet areas (i.e., kitchens, toilets, etc.), high-traffic areas, and areas requiring maximum product durability. Medium-use areas are used every day, but not by large numbers of people. Generally they are not wet areas, nor do they experience extreme wear-and-tear. Light-use areas are those which experience low traffic or may not be used on a daily basis and will not subject finish materials to extreme use or wear.

FUNCTIONAL CRITERIA

Heavy-use and high-traffic areas should be attractively designed using materials that provide maximum durability.

A. RESIDENTIAL

Residential facilities are family housing and unaccompanied personnel housing (dormitories). While the overall wear of finishes is reduced in family housing units, they still contain areas fitting all three categories of use. Heavy-use areas include entrance foyers, kitchens, bathrooms, stairwells, and laundry areas. Corridors, hallways, dayrooms, family living and dining rooms would be considered medium-use areas. Bedrooms would be light-use areas. Refer to the AMC Housing Guide, the Commander’s Guide to Dormitory Excellence, and the Commander’s Guide to Family Housing Excellence for more details. See Table A below **

INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE

Materials Heavy Medium Light

FLOOR* D FH D FH D FH

CT, QT CT, SV CPT CPT CPT CPT

VCT, Level loop Level loop or Cut pile or Cut pile

Cut pile, WD Cut and loop WD

BASE CT, RB CT, VB RB, VB RB, VB RB, VB RB, VB

VB WD WD WD WD WD

WALLS CT, EPT, VWC Type II HDFWC, EPT, PT,WP, PT, VWC, PT PL PT PT, VWC Type II VWC VWC WP

CHAIR RAIL MP, PL, WD WD, VB, WD WD, VB, WD

WD RB RB

CEILING ACT, GB GB ACT, GB GB GB

WRG GB

LIGHTING Fluorescent Incandescent Fluorescent Incandescent Incandescent Incandescent Incandescent Fluorescent Incandescent

WINDOW COVERINGS* Vertical blinds Shades Vertical blinds Shades Vertical blinds Shades Mini blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds

Lined draperies Lined draperies Lined draperies Black-out draperies Lined draperies Sheers Sheers Lined draperies Sheers

FURNITURE Commercial NA Commercial NA Commercial NA grade grade grade

UPHOLSTERY Vinyl and/or NA Vinyl and/or NA Fabric NA fabric fabric 10,000 +

50,000 + 20,000 + double rubs double rubs double rubs

* Carpet and draperies are provided by the government in some family housing. (D) - Dormitory (FH) - Family Housing ** See Appendix for abbreviations legend.

Table A: Residential Product Selection Guide.

B. HOSPITALITY/LODGING

The hospitality/lodging category includes transient lodging facilities of all types: quarters for visiting personnel, as well as temporary living facilities for families arriving at or leaving a base. Heavy-use areas include registration desks and lobbies, entrance foyers, stairwells, elevators, and corridors. Also included are wet areas such as laundry rooms, snack rooms, and rest rooms. Medium-use areas include management and administrative offices. Bedrooms are light-use areas.

Refer to HQ AMC Services Guide to Excellent Facilities for more detail. See Table B below. ****

INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE

Materials Heavy Medium Light

FLOOR VCT, CT, CPT CPT

CPT/Level loop

BASE QT, CT, RB, VB RB, VB, WD RB, VB, WD

WALLS BR**, VWC, Type II VWC, Type I, VWC, PT, PL, CT,EPT, PT FWC

PT, HDFWC

CHAIR RAIL MP, PL, WD Not Normally Used Not Normally Used

CEILING ACT, GB, WRG ACT, GB GB

LIGHTING Fluorescent Fluorescent Incandescent Incandescent

WINDOW COVERINGS Vertical blinds Vertical blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds Black-out draperies Lined draperies Lined draperies

FURNITURE Commercial grade*** Commercial grade Commercial grade

UPHOLSTERY Vinyl or fabric rated Fabric rated 20,000 + Fabric rated 10,000 + 50,000 + double rubs double rubs double rubs

* Corridors in hospitality/lodging facilities must be carpeted.

** Brick should be used only when building materials are extended to the interior or exist as a condition that works within the design.

*** Use hard surface transaction counters and kick plates on all lobby and registration desks.

**** See Appendix for abbreviations legend.

Table B: Hospitality/Lodging Product Selection Guide.

C. FOOD SERVICE

Food service facilities include dining halls, flight kitchens, open mess facilities (officers’ and enlisted clubs), snack bars, and cafeterias. Most areas in these facilities can be considered heavy-use because they are subject to high traffic and frequent food and beverage spills. Management and administrative areas would be medium-use. Special/private dining areas might be considered light-use. See Table C below. ***

INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE

Materials Heavy Medium Light

FLOOR QT, CT, VCT, CPT* VCT, Level loop CPT Cut Pile CPT

BASE QT, CT, RB, VB WD

RB, VB

WALLS CT, VWC Type II VWC Type I, PT VWC, PT or III, EPT, PL, PT, CHAIR RAIL MP, PL, WD Not normally used WD

CEILING GB, WRG, PLAS** ACT, GB GB

LIGHTING Fluorescent Fluorescent Incandescent Incandescent Incandescent

WINDOW COVERINGS Vertical blinds Vertical blinds Lined draperies Mini blinds Mini blinds Sheers

Lined draperies Shades

FURNITURE Commercial grade Commercial grade Commercial grade

UPHOLSTERY Vinyl or fabric rated Fabric rated 20,000 + Fabric rated 10,000 + 50,000 + double rubs double rubs double rubs

* Carpet is required in the seating areas of dining halls, Officers’, NCO, and Airmen’s clubs. It also is desirable in seating areas of some other food service facilities such as golf course clubhouses and large cafeterias in administrative facilities.

** Some food service facilities have wood, metal or other structural materials used for decorative effect. Another option would be exposed structural/mechanical elements blended in the overall design scheme.

*** See Appendix for abbreviations legend.

Table C: Food Service Product Selection Guide.

Materials Heavy Medium Light

FLOOR QT, CT, CPT* CPT/Level loop CPT/Cut pile or Level loop Level loop

BASE QT, CT, RB, VB, WD RB, VB, WD RB, VB, WD

WALLS CT, HDFWC, PL, HDFWC, PT, FWC, VWC, PT,

EPT, PT, VWC VWC Type II WD** Type II & III

CHAIR RAIL MP, WD MP, WD WD

CEILING ACT, WRG ACT ACT, GB

LIGHTING Fluorescent Fluorescent Fluorescent Incandescent Incandescent Incandescent

WINDOW COVERINGS Vertical blinds Vertical blinds Vertical blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds Lined draperies Lined draperies Lined draperies

FURNITURE Commercial grade Commercial grade Commercial with some residential grade pieces

UPHOLSTERY Vinyl or fabric rated Fabric rated 20,000 + Leather or fabric rated 50,000 + double rubs double rubs 10,000 + double rubs

* Carpet is required for all corridors and stairwell landings that are not directly accessed from a loading dock or delivery area, as well as conference and meeting rooms. It is also desirable in seating areas of large cafeterias.

** Wood is only recommended as a wainscot. When used, it must be treated to have a Class A fire rating. Wood-look pressboard paneling is unacceptable.

*** See Appendix for abbreviations legend.

D. OFFICE/ADMINISTRATIVE

Office/administrative facilities generally have the highest concentration of occupants. These areas vary from private offices, to open-bay work spaces filled with conventional and modular furniture, to large systems furniture (pre-wired) installations. Most administrative facilities will contain some combination of the three types depending on the functions performed by the occupants, as well as physical constraints of the facilities. Heavy-use areas in an office environment include entrances, foyers, lobbies, main circulation corridors, stairwells, elevators, rest rooms, large conference or meeting rooms, snack bars, and media production areas. Medium-use areas include internal circulation, staff office areas, and small conference rooms. Commanders’ suites and private conference areas are light-use areas. See Table D below. ***

Table D: Office/Administrative Product Selection Guide.

E. MAINTENANCE/WAREHOUSE

Maintenance/warehouse facilities include all functional areas in which vehicles or heavy equipment are operated;

chemicals are used; there is exposure to weather, product dust and dirt; and bulk items are stored. Most areas within these facilities would fall under the heavy-use heading since the finishes are constantly subjected to traffic, cleaning, abrasion, weather, or other deterrents to durability. Some of these facilities house administrative areas which could be considered medium-use areas if there are transition areas separating them from direct access to the heavy-use areas. If a commander’s suite is included in the facility, it could be listed as light-use, again only if there is separation from the high-use areas. See Table E below. **

INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE

Materials Heavy Medium Light

FLOOR QT, CT, VCT, CPT/ CPT/Cut pile CONC Level loop

BASE CT, QT, RB, VB RB, VB VB, WD

WALLS PT PT, VWC VWC, HDFWC

CHAIR RAIL NA MP WD

CEILING WRG, EXP ACT ACT, GB

LIGHTING Fluorescent Fluorescent Fluorescent HID Incandescent

WINDOW COVERINGS Mini blinds* Vertical blinds Vertical blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds

Lined draperies

FURNITURE NA Commercial Commercial with grade some residential grade pieces

UPHOLSTERY NA Vinyl or fabric Leather or fabric rated 25,000 + double rubs 15,000 + double rubs

* Most areas have no window covering.

** See Appendix for abbreviations legend.

Table E: Maintenance/Warehouse Product Selection Guide

F. RECREATION

Recreation facilities encompass the most diverse functions of all the categories. They include gymnasiums, fitness centers, golf course clubhouses, bowling, youth and community centers, skating rinks, libraries, and theaters. These facilities contain mostly high-use areas because of their high volume of customers. Facilities such as fitness centers have constant traffic throughout the day, while facilities such as theaters have a high concentration in a short period. Golf course clubhouses and bowling centers contain food services. Bowling and fitness centers, and skating rinks require special finishes and attention to acoustical control. See Table F below. **

* Woven cut pile carpet may be used in some areas of theaters, bowling centers, and golf clubhouses.

** See Appendix for abbreviations legend.

Materials Heavy Medium Light

FLOOR CPT/Level loop* CPT/Level loop* CPT/Level loop*

VCT, WD, CT, QT

BASE CT, QT, RB, VB CT, QT, RB, VB RB,VB

WALLS HDFWC, AWC, HDFWC, AWC, HDFWC, AWC,

VWC Type II, PT VWC Type II, PT VWC Type II, PT

CHAIR RAIL MP, WD MP, WD WD

CEILING EXP, ACT, WRG EXP, ACT, WRG ACT, GB

LIGHTING Fluorescent Fluorescent Fluorescent Incandescent, HID Incandescent, HID Incandescent, HID

WINDOW COVERINGS Vertical blinds Vertical blinds Vertical blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds

Lined draperies Lined draperies

FURNITURE Commercial grade Commercial grade Commercial grade

UPHOLSTERY Vinyl, MP or fabric Vinyl or fabric Vinyl or fabric rated 50,000 + rated 50,0000 + rated 50,000 + double rubs double rubs double rubs

Table F: Recreation Product Selection Guide.

G. MEDICAL

Medical facilities include medical centers. hospitals, clinics, and pharmacies. Many areas within these facilities are heavy-use due to high volume traffic, wet areas, and chemicals.

Patient waiting areas, administrative and doctors’ offices, and selected corridors are medium-use where acoustic control is desirable. Light-use areas include commanders’ suites and conference rooms. Refer to HQ AMC Medical Facilities Design Guide for more detail. See Table G below. **

Materials Heavy Medium Light

FLOOR* VCT, SV, CT, QT CPT/Level loop, VCT CPT/Level loop CPT/Cut pile, VCT

BASE RB, VB, CT, QT VB, RB, WD VB, RB, WD

WALLS PT, VWC Type II VWC Type II, AWC, VWC Type I, AWC, HDFWC HDFWC, FWC

CHAIR RAIL *** MP MP WD, PL

CEILING ACT, GB, WRG, EXP ACT, GB ACT, GB

LIGHTING Fluorescent Fluorescent Fluorescent HID Incandescent Incandescent

WINDOW COVERINGS* Vertical blinds Vertical blinds Vertical blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds

Lined draperies Lined draperies

FURNITURE Commercial grade Commercial grade Commercial grade with some residential grade pieces

UPHOLSTERY* Vinyl, breathable mesh Vinyl, fabric Leather, fabric rated 50,000 + rated 20,000 + double rubs double rubs

Table G: Medical Product Selection Guide.

* Special materials are available for health care use such as antimicrobial flooring and carpet, cubicle curtains, and vinylized fabric.

** See Appendix for abbreviations legend *** Including Handrail, Protective Trim etc

H. EDUCATIONAL

Educational facilities include grade and high schools for dependent children, specialized training facilities (such as simulators), professional and technical classrooms, and centers for college extension program. Heavy-use areas in educational facilities include entrances foyers, snack bar and cafeteria service areas, rest rooms, fitness areas, simulator rooms and technical classrooms. Administrative offices, conference and briefing rooms, most other classrooms, and corridors would fall in the medium-use category. Principals’ offices and commanders’ suites would be light-use. See Table H below.*

* See Appendix for abbreviations legend.

Materials Heavy Medium Light

FLOOR CT, QT, VCT, SV CPT/Level loop CPT/Level loop CPT/Cut pile

BASE CT, QT, RB, VB RB, VB RB, VB, WB

WALLS EXP, VWC Type II, PT, VWC Type II PT, VWC Type II

EPT, PT

CHAIR RAIL MP MP, WD MP, WD

CEILING EXP, ACT ACT ACT,GB

LIGHTING Fluorescent Fluorescent Fluorescent HID Incandescent Incandescent

WINDOW COVERINGS Vertical blinds Vertical blinds Vertical blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds

Lined draperies Lined draperies

FURNITURE Commercial grade Commercial grade Commercial grade

UPHOLSTERY Vinyl, MP Vinyl, MP, WD Vinyl, MP, WD fabric rated 25,000 + fabric rated 25,000 + double rubs double rubs

Table H: Educational Product Selection Guide.

Heavy patterned carpet in high-traffic areas helps to hide soiling.

Maximize the flexibility of conference rooms through the use of adjustable lighting, multipurpose seating, creative ceiling finishes, acoustical wall treatment, and multimedia presentation system.

In child development and youth centers, the children’s activities generate so much color and pattern that the finishes and furniture need to provide a neutral backdrop.

GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

Some facilities have elements or features that require special attention. This section provides some design suggestions that may help the designer address special conditions or achieve special effects.

When renovating, site adaptation may play a big role in creating a successful new facility. This dining facility design was an adaptation of the facility shown in the photo on the left.

Innovative ceiling and lighting design, artwork, room dividers, and the use of wood, plants, and textiles can soften and ease the incorporation of structural elements into the overall design.

Systems furniture provides for organization of files and papers, multi-equipment use, and interoffice communication, while still maintaining personal work areas.

When using systems furniture along window line, use low height partitions.

Avoid using panels over 68” high except to define corridors or conference areas.

Creative use of color and pattern can add interest and dimension to functional spaces. The AMC standard is to provide different color schemes for men and women’s rest rooms.

INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE

When developing a package for signs, identify all locations that require them, and specify professional and flexible products to be used.

Warehouse facilities require proper storage fixtures and signs to help maintain function and appearance.

Emergency light fixtures are available in various styles that can help maintain the integrity of the design. It is the designer’s responsibility to work with the electrical engineer to select the most appropriate fixtures for each project.

Specialty borders, moldings, stencils, faux finishes, ceiling tile, and wallcovering patterns can be used to create special effect.

Architectural molding has many characters and uses. Support elements can be enhanced to work within a design.

The use of architectural molding, elements, and details can enhance the appearance of “ordinary spaces.”

Finish and material specifications vary according to the function of the space and the ambiance desired by the user.

Use the following general guidelines, keeping in mind the specific requirements of each project.

Do not use exposed concrete block except in utility rooms, mechanical, electrical, and janitor’s closets/rooms, industrial areas of maintenance facilities, or large warehouse/storage areas. Interior walls should be ceramic tile for wet areas or gypsum board finished with paint or wallcovering for all other areas. Brick, stone or split face block (with integral color so it need not be painted) may be used in entrance foyers, lobbies, and gymnasiums. These architectural finishes can be used as a feature wall or section of a wall in facilities such as food service and lodging lobbies.

Use wooden doors for most interior applications. Door and trim color should be uniform throughout a facility. Avoid doors with louvers unless they are necessary for ventilation.

Use metal doors in industrial facilities.

Use a 2’ x 2’ suspended acoustical ceiling grid and tiles with a revealed edge. Most bases have a standard 2’ x 2’ tile pattern they use for their facilities. The exposed grid system must match ceiling tile color in most areas. Brass or chrome grid may be used for special effect. If circumstances force the selection of a 2’ x 4’ tile, be sure to use one that is scored to resemble a 2’ x 2’ grid.

For painted ceilings, use ceiling white paint, which is specially formulated for maximum light reflection.