SOW Appendix 2 - 43721210_Fargo Tier 2_IFB-BOD-Appendix-B_Blast_240116.pdf

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FARGO VA MEDICAL CENTER TIER 2

EHRM INFRASTRUCTURE UPGRADES

Fargo, ND

APPENDIX B: BLAST REPORT

Issue for Bid (IFB) Construction Documents

(HOHBACH-LEWIN PROJECT #: 16709.71)

January 16, 2024

Prepared For:

BANCROFT ARCHITECTS + ENGINEERS

700 NICHOLAS BLVD., SUITE 300

ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007

Prepared By:

HOHBACH-LEWIN, INC.

909 MONTGOMERY STREET, SUITE 260

SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94133

TIER 2 INFRASTRUCTURE UPGRADES | FARGO, ND

IFB CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS

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Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION

PROJECT BACKGROUND

RISK MITIGATION STRATEGY & DEFINED THREATS

PHYSICAL SECURITY PHILOSOPHY

DEFINED THREATS

PSRDM BLAST DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

SITE DESIGN

STANDOFF – Data Center

STANDOFF – New Critical Utilities

PERIMETER

ANTI-RAM VEHICLE BARRIERS

ANTI-RAM – New Data Center

ANTI-RAM – New Critical Utilities

PARKING

PARKING – Data Center

PARKING – New Critical Utilities

ARCHITECTURAL BUILDING DESIGN

FUNCTIONAL AREAS

FUNCTIONAL AREAS – Computer Room

FUNCTIONAL AREAS – New Generator

FUNCTIONAL AREAS – New Transformer and Above Ground Fuel Tank

EXTERIOR BUILDING ENVELOPE

New Data Center

New Generator

New Above Ground Fuel Tank and Transformer

STRUCTURAL BUILDING DESIGN

New Data Center

New Generator

New Above Ground Fuel Tank and Transformer

UTILITIES & BUILDING SERVICES DESIGN

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

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INTRODUCTION

Hohbach-Lewin, Inc. (Hohbach-Lewin) has been contracted by Bancroft Architects and Engineers

(BAE) to provide blast design consulting services for the Tier 2 Electronic Health Record

Management (EHRM) infrastructure upgrade project located at the Fargo Veteran Affairs Medical

Center (VAMC). The project scope includes renovations/alterations to the fourth floor of the Main

Hospital building to accommodate a new Data Center that will include a Computer room. To support the new Data Center, a new Transformer, above ground Fuel Tank, and Generator will be provided. The renovated portions of the existing buildings and supporting utilities will be designed in accordance with the VA Physical Security & Resiliency Design Manual (PSRDM), dated

October 1, 2020 (Revised June 1, 2023). The focus of blast protective design efforts will be to protect onsite personnel from malicious attack, provide redundancy of critical systems, and to achieve an elevated degree of post-disaster operational continuity.

This Issue for Bid (IFB) blast design report provides a high-level summary of PSRDM requirements that will apply to the analysis of the renovated portions of the existing buildings.

PROJECT BACKGROUND

Figure 1 shows the of the location of the new Data Center and the supporting new utilities. The new Data Center is a “Critical” element as defined by the VA PSRDM. It has been confirmed by the VA that the Transformer, Generator, and above ground Fuel Tank are “Critical Equipment.”

Figure 1: Project Scope

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Table 1 summarizes the critical building elements and a summary of the approach to comply with the VA PSRDM requirements. The following subsections in this narrative further describe the approach to comply with the VA PSRDM.

Table 1: VA PSRDM Approach Overview

Building Element VA PSRDM Reference

Approach

Data Center Table 2-1, Row 10

The “Design Waiver Request Form” dated 10/11/2023 was provided by the VA to the design team and establishes the baseline for the requirements at the Data Center. Per the VA’s response, access controls are to be provided at the entrance to the south loading dock. Additionally, all existing glazing will be infilled with non-glazed materials.

Above Ground Fuel Tank Table 2-1, Row 20

The new above ground Fuel Tank will comply with Chapters 8 and 9 of the VA PSRDM. The new Fuel Tank will be provided with a blast hardened screen wall and standoffs will be enforced as per Chapter 3 of the VA PSRDM.

Transformer Table 2-1, Row 20

The new Transformer will comply with Chapters 8 and 9 of the VA PSRDM. The new Transformer will be provided with a blast hardened screen wall and standoffs will be enforced as per Chapter 3 of the VA PSRDM.

Generator Table 2-1, Row 20

Consistent with the requirements stated in Table 2-1, Row 19, the new Generator that is located within the existing generator room does not require blast hardening of the existing structure since the scope does not include upgrading of the building structure enclosing the Generator. However, new blast hardened louvers will be provided to replace the existing louvers.

RISK MITIGATION STRATEGY & DEFINED THREATS

PHYSICAL SECURITY PHILOSOPHY

The approach of the PSRDM to physical security reflects the Crime Prevention through

Environmental Design (CPTED) strategy of Compartmentalization. Successive layers of security are provided, starting from the perimeter of the site inward toward the interior protected spaces.

A combination of site hardening and strategic site layout serve to achieve a balanced defensive security scheme.

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Physical security strategies are aimed toward the following objectives, commonly referred to as the “Four D’s” – See Figure 2. Blast design provisions of the PSRDM primarily involve deterrence, delay, and denial.

Figure 2: Four Ds of Physical Security

The VA PSRDM emphasizes the utilization of five consecutive layers of security. These consecutive layers are as follows, starting from the outward in:

1. Outermost Level - Perimeter fencing, controlled gate access, and signage delineates the boundary of the VA campus.

2. Continuous Facility Perimeter - Combination of signage, hardened barriers, and unhardened features (concrete curbs, fencing, etc.) marks the PSRDM’s minimum required setback of to all unscreened vehicles.

3. Staff-Only Access - Segregation of accessible public and patient areas from staff-only areas by use of barriers and hardware. Examples of areas restricted to staff-only include pharmacy preparation, food preparation, sterile corridors, research laboratories, and building operations and maintenance areas.

4. Authorized Staff-Only Access - Segregation of authorized and unauthorized staff areas with barriers and access controls such as card reader-activated hardware. Examples of such areas include patient records, laboratories, vivariums, and cash-handling tellers.

5. Innermost Level - Sensitive and critical interior space access is restricted at a minimum with card-reader access controls, SSTV, ISD alarms, and forced-entry and/or ballistic-resistant construction. Examples of such spaces include security control centers, select agent storage, narcotics storage and pharmaceutical caches, and laboratories.

Strategic use of physical hardening and operational physical security measures at all five security layers lowers the likelihoods of attacks and resulting damage: thereby reducing risk exposure.

DEFINED THREATS

The PSRDM identifies several blast-related threats to be mitigated through hardened construction for Critical facilities. These threat types and associated design assumptions/characteristics are summarized below from Table 7-1 of the PSRDM:

• Interior Design Level Threat (W1): Small concealed charge carried into the facility through backpack, briefcase, or satchel. Assumed locations at high-risk spaces, such as public lobbies, mailrooms, and loading docks and is used to evaluate the maximum load at the building envelope.

• Exterior Design Level Threat (W2): Moderately sized charge located within an unscreened vehicle and is used to determine the blast loading at structural elements.

• Dynamic Loading Cap (GP2): Maximum cap on dynamic air-blast loading to be considered for the design of exterior nonstructural building envelope components for Critical facilities.

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The charge weights and maximum cap loading magnitudes are provided in the VA Physical

Security Design Standards Data Definitions document, which is subject to controlled distribution.

Table 2 provides a summary of the minimum required standoff for each explosive threat type.

Table 2: Explosive Threat Summary

Explosive Threat Minimum Standoff

W1 ● 50-ft to Building Envelope for Screen Wall Elements

W2 ● 50-ft to Building Envelope for Screen Wall Lateral Supports

GP2 ● Maximum capped load applied to exterior building envelope for the screen wall around Critical Equipment

PSRDM BLAST DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

The subsequent sections describe the blast design requirements for the new Data Center and the supporting utilities. The new Data Center is a “Critical” facility as per Table 1-2 in the VA PSRDM.

The VA has confirmed that the new Transformer, new Above Ground Fuel Tank, and New

Generator are considered to be “Critical Equipment” as defined by the VA PSRDM.

SITE DESIGN

The new Data Center is a “Critical” facility as defined by the VA PSRDM. For Critical Facilities, a minimum of 50-ft standoff is required between the facility and unscreened vehicles located at site roads, parking, and loading dock. A 5-ft minimum standoff is required for any screened and/or emergency vehicles from Critical facilities. The new Above Ground Fuel Tank, Transformer, and

Generator are “Critical Equipment” and will therefore be required to comply with the same standoffs as required for “Critical” facilities as described above.

STANDOFF – Data Center

The new Data Center repurposes the existing space located on the fourth floor of the Fargo VAMC

Main Hospital building. Figure 3 shows the location of the new Data Center relative to the loading docks located to the north and south of the new Data Center. No site controls exist at either loading dock and therefore an unscreened vehicle could feasibly access either loading dock. The

VA has confirmed that all deliveries and vehicles are pre-screened before arriving at the South

Loading Dock and meet the definition of a “Screened” vehicle as defined by the VA PSRDM glossary. Additionally, as direct by the VA via the “Design Requirement Waiver Request” provided on October 11, 2023, non-rated access controls are to be provided at the entrance to the South

Loading Dock as shown in Figure 3 and rated active anti-ram barriers will be provided at the

North Loading Dock as shown in Figure 4.Therefore, with the provided access control measures, the new Data Center complies with the VA PSRDM standoff requirements for both screened and unscreened vehicles.

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Figure 3: Plan View of new Data Center Relative to Loading Docks

STANDOFF – New Critical Utilities

The new critical utilities (Generator, Above Ground Fuel Tank, and Transformer) are located near the North loading dock as shown in Figure 4. Rated active anti-ram barriers are provided at the vehicle entrances to the North loading dock to enforce the minimum standoff for the critical utilities. Additionally, a new curb have been provided at the 50-ft standoff from the critical utilities.

With the application of the rated active barriers and the non-rated curb/fence, the location of the new utilities comply with the VA PSRDM standoff requirements.

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Figure 4: Utility Yard

PERIMETER

Chapter 3 of the PSRDM states that alterations/renovations that do not have campus upgrades within the project scope do not need to consider upgrades to the existing perimeter. Campus upgrades are not within the project scope and therefore the existing perimeter elements around the renovated rooms complies with the PSRDM.

ANTI-RAM VEHICLE BARRIERS

Critical facilities require passive anti-ram barriers located outside of main entry/lobby entrances to protect against vehicle attack. Similarly, passive barriers are required at any utility connections, emergency power supplies, hazardous-materials storage, HVAC, and external critical telecom and

IT resources when deemed at risk from vehicular strike. Passive barriers generally take the form of fixed bollards and all such barriers must resist a 4,000-lbs vehicle impacting at 30-mph, with a maximum penetration distance of 3.3-ft.

For Critical facilities, active anti-ram barriers must be utilized at roadways that may provide access to unscreened (non-emergency) vehicles within the required 50-ft standoff to the facility.

ANTI-RAM – New Data Center

The new Data Center is located within 50-ft of the South Loading Dock. However, the VA has confirmed that all packages and vehicles that access the South Loading Dock are screened and

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Do not remove this notice Properly destroy documents when no longer needed meet the requirements stated in the VA PSRDM Glossary for “Screened Vehicles.” Therefore, only non-rated access controls are required at the South Loading Dock access point. The combination of only allowing screened vehicles access to the South Loading Dock and providing non-rated access controls as shown in Figure 3, meets the VA PSRDM requirements and precludes the need for a rated anti-ram system.

ANTI-RAM – New Critical Utilities

The new critical utilities (Generator, Above Ground Fuel Tank, and Transformer) are located near the existing North Loading Dock as shown in Figure 4. The VA has confirmed that unscreened vehicles will need access to the North Loading Dock to maintain the loading dock’s functionality.

Therefore, active anti-ram access controls have been provided at the entrances to the North

Loading Dock at a 50-ft standoff to the new Critical Utilities (refer to Figure 4). The addition of the new rated anti-ram access controls complies with the VA PSRDM requirements.

PARKING

Unscreened surface parking is required to comply with the minimum standoffs for Critical facilities (50-ft). Parking areas must be segregated for the following functions:

• Patients/Visitors

• Employees/Staff

• Service/Delivery vehicles

• Emergency Vehicles

Note that emergency vehicles may approach within 50-ft for emergency response and patient drop-off.

PARKING – Data Center

As shown in Figure 3 there is no legal parking within the 50-ft standoff to the new Data Center, therefore this PSRDM requirement is met.

PARKING – New Critical Utilities

As shown in Figure 4, existing parking is to remain within the 50-ft standoff to the new Critical

Utilities as per the VA’s direction. It is assumed screened vehicles will only be permitted to park within the 50-ft standoff in order to comply with the VA PSRDM requirements. However, as of this submittal, the VA has not confirmed that the parking will be limited to screened vehicles.

ARCHITECTURAL BUILDING DESIGN

FUNCTIONAL AREAS

Functional areas referenced in the VA PSRDM are considered at higher risk of malicious acts. The increased vulnerability and criticality associated with loading docks, mailrooms, and other spaces require additional physical security and protective hardening measures in accordance with

Chapter 5 of the PSRDM.

FUNCTIONAL AREAS – Computer Room

The new Computer Room within the new Data Center is required to be 50-ft away from high-risk areas such as loading docks. The new computer room meets the 50-ft standoff requirement to

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Do not remove this notice Properly destroy documents when no longer needed both the South and North Loading Docks. Therefore the functional standoff requirement stated in VA PSRDM Section 5.4.1 is met for the Computer Room within the new Data Center. Other functions within the new Data Center are not required to be located at any standoff from the loading dock and are only subject to the standoff requirements stated previously in this narrative.

FUNCTIONAL AREAS – New Generator

As shown in Figure 4 the new Generator is located within 50-ft of the existing North Loading

Dock. However, since the new Generator is located within the existing generator room, the alteration/renovation requirements as stated in section 5.6.5 of the VA PSRDM apply and the new

Generator is exempted from the standoff requirement. Therefore, the VA PSRDM functional standoff requirement is met.

FUNCTIONAL AREAS – New Transformer and Above Ground Fuel Tank

The new Transformer and Above Ground Fuel Tank are not required to be located at any distance from the existing North Loading Dock or any other high risk functional space. Therefore, the new

Transformer and Above Ground Fuel Tank location comply with the VA PSRDM requirements.

EXTERIOR BUILDING ENVELOPE

New Data Center

No part of the existing exterior building envelope (non-load bearing exterior walls, fenestrations, doors, or roofs) is to be replaced as part of this renovation effort. The requirements stated in

Chapter 6 only apply to new building envelop elements except for the existing glazing. All existing glazing located at the new Data Center is to be removed and infilled with non-glazed materials.

The removal of the glazing and infilling the window meets the requirements stated in Section

6.3.2 of the VA PSRDM since the hazard associated with high velocity glazing fragments has been eliminated and the new infilled openings do not add any additional risk to occupants compared to the rest of the building envelope.

New Generator

The new Generator is located within the existing generator room. Consistent with requirements stated in the VA PSRDM, Table 2-1, Row 20, blast hardening of the existing building envelope is not required if blast hardening upgrades are not included in the scope. Blast hardening of the existing envelope around the existing generator room are not within the scope and therefore the existing building envelope around the new generator complies with the VA PSRDM.

New louvers will be provided at the existing Generator room and will be blast hardened consistent with the requirements stated in section 6.6.2 of the VA PSRDM. The design of the blast hardened louvers will be completed by the contractor in accordance with the performance specification.

New Above Ground Fuel Tank and Transformer

The new Above Ground Fuel Tank and Transformer will be provided with a blast hardened screen wall that complies with Section 6.6.1 of the VA PSRDM. The following screen wall material will be used for the enclosure around both the Above Ground Fuel Tank and the Transformer:

• 1.5in Deep, 16GA Thick, Metal Deck that is Constructed of Structural Steel with a Minimum

Yield Strength of 50ksi

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The deck will span horizontally between HSS posts and will be welded directly to the HSS post to restrain the deck in rebound. ‘

Access doors to the Above Ground Fuel Tank and Transformer enclosure will be designed in accordance with section 6.3.3 of the VA PSRDM. The final design of the access doors will be completed by the contractor in accordance with a performance specification.

STRUCTURAL BUILDING DESIGN

New Data Center

Because the alterations/renovations for this project are expected to affect less than 50% of the floor area, the PSRDM requirements are limited only to the area being altered/renovated. None of the renovated rooms are in public spaces and it is assumed that because the renovation effort is minor it is not the intent of the VA to require hardening or upgrades to the perimeter columns to comply with a single room. Therefore, the PSRDM requirements stated in 7.2.7 are not applicable and the structure is sufficient for this alteration/renovation effort. Additionally, no buildings are undergoing a seismic upgrade and therefore evaluation for the base shear as stated in section 7.3.3 is not required.

New Generator

The new Generator is located within the existing generator room. Consistent with requirements stated in the VA PSRDM, Table 2-1, Row 20, blast hardening of the existing building structure and progressive collapse evaluation is not required if blast hardening upgrades are not included in the scope. Blast hardening and progressive collapse of the existing building structure around the existing generator room is not within the scope and therefore the existing structure around the new generator complies with the VA PSRDM.

New Above Ground Fuel Tank and Transformer

The new Above Ground Fuel Tank and Transformer will be provided with a blast hardened screen wall that complies with Section 7.2.4 of the VA PSRDM. The cladding material will be supported by regularly spaced HSS 8x8x5/8 posts spaced at 4ft O.C. that will cantilever from the foundation.

The single and double leaf doors will use the following framing at the jambs and head:

• Single Leaf Door:

o Jambs: HSS 9x7x5/8 (ASTM A500, Gr. C – Fy=50ksi) o Head: HSS 7x3x3/8 (ASTM A500, Gr. C – Fy=50ksi)

• Double Leaf Door:

o Jambs: HSS 12x8x1/2 (ASTM A500, Gr. C – Fy=50ksi) o Head: HSS 12x4x3/8 (ASTM A500, Gr. C – Fy=50ksi)

The typical HSS and jambs will be concrete filled. The connection between the cantilevered post and the foundation will need to be able to develop the full flexural capacity of the post. Shear and moment demand at the connection of the HSS has been provided to the SEOR and the connection forces have been incorporated into the design.

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UTILITIES & BUILDING SERVICES DESIGN

The requirements for utilities complies with the VA PSRDM Critical designation. Mechanical, Electrical, Civil, Fire Protection, etc. disciplines are responsible for the implementation of Chapters

8 & 9 of the PSRDM, including all critical redundancy, distribution, and proximity/location requirements.

The alterations/renovations to the existing Data Center (computer room), new Generator within the existing generator room, new Fuel Tank, and new Transformer will require full compliance with the portions of Chapters 8 & 9 of the PSRDM.

CONCLUSION

The renovation/alteration of the Main Hospital Room to accommodate the new Data Center are compliant with the blast hardening measures specified in the PSRDM.

REFERENCES

[1] American Society of Civil Engineers - Blast Protection of Buildings, ASCE 59-22

[2] Physical Security & Resiliency Design Manual for VA Facilities Including Appendix B –

Security System Application Matrix, October 1, 2020, Revised June 1, 2023.

[3] Unified Facilities Criteria - Structures to Resist the Effects of Accidental Explosions, UFC-

3-340-02, 5 December 2008.