Spec_Vol_2_W912PL-12-R-0018.pdf

FINAL RFP SUBMITTAL

SOLICITATION NO: W912PL-12-R-0018

P2 PROJECT NO: 352304

SPECIFICATIONS FILE NO: 1858

CADD NO: MB11YL58

VOLUME 2 OF 17

SPECIFICATIONS

FOR

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF

WATER TREATMENT AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

FORT IRWIN, CALIFORNIA

(SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY)

“BUILDING STRONG”

U.S. ARMY ENGINEER DISTRICT, LOS ANGELES

911 Wilshire Boulevard Los Angeles, CA 90017

Sacramento District

FY12 WATER TREATMENT AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM SPECIFICATION NO.: 1858

FT. IRWIN, CA

Table of Contents Page 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

VOLUME 1 OF 17

BIDDING REQUIREMENTS

STANDARD FORM 1442 – SOLICITATION, OFFER, AND AWARD

BIDDING SCHEDULE

EXPLANATION OF BID ITEMS

ATTACHMENT 1 TO EXPLANATION OF BID ITEMS: GE PROPOSAL, TERMS, AND

CONDITIONS

00 00 10 CERTIFICATE OF CORPORATE PRINCIPAL

00 01 00 INSTRUCTIONS TO OFFEREORS

00 01 10 PERFORMANCE/TECHNICAL-PRICE TRADE-OFF BEST VALUE

00 01 20 PERFORMANCE-PRICE TRADE-OFF BEST VALUE

00 06 00 REPRESENTATIONS, CERTIFICATIONS AND OTHER STATEMENTS OF OFFERORS

00 07 00 CONTRACT CLAUSES

00 08 00 SPECIAL CONTRACT REQUIREMENTS

00 08 50 WAGE RATES

SPECIFICATIONS

DIVISION 01 - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

01 00 00 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

PROJECT SIGNS

01 10 10 GENERAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

01 10 13 PLANT EQUIPMENT TESTING, FACILITY STARTUP AND COMMISSIONING

01 32 01.00 10 PROJECT SCHEDULE

01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES

ENGINEERING FORM 4025R

SUBMITTAL REGISTER

01 33 16 DESIGN AFTER AWARD, GENERAL

01 42 00 REFERENCE PUBLICATIONS

01 45 00.00 QUALITY CONTROL

01 45 00.10 QUALITY CONTROOL SYSTEM (QCS)

01 78 00 CLOSEOUT SUBMITTALS

DIVISION 31 - EARTHWORK

31 31 16 SOIL TREATMENT FOR SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE CONTROL

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A – WATER TREATMENT PLANT AND SUPPORTING FACILITIES

APPENDIX B - BICYCLE LAKE/IRWIN BASIN TRANSMISSION LINE

APPENDIX C - REPLACEMENT OF EXPIRED WATER PIPE – BID OPTION 1

APPENDIX D - WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION IMPROVEMENTS – BID OPTION 2

APPENDIX E - UPGRADES FOR IMPROVED FIRE FLOW – PHASE 1 – BID OPTION 3

APPENDIX F - CONNECT IRWIN WELLS – BID OPTION 4 AND 5

APPENDIX G - NEW WELL, LANGFORD LAKE – BID OPTION 6

APPENDIX H - REPAIR/REPLACE JPL-3 STORAGE TANK

APPENDIX I - REHABILITATE WATER STORAGE TANKS

Table of Contents Page 2

VOLUME 2 OF 17

APPENDICES

Appendix J - Environmental Assessment/Initial Study Appendix K - Fort Irwin Installation Design Guide

VOLUME 3 OF 17

APPENDICES

Appendix L - Comprehensive Energy & Water Masterplan, Fort Irwin, 27 April

Appendix M - Weather Data for Mechanical Design Appendix N - Well Data Appendix O - Southern California Edison (SCE) Savings By Design and Standard

Electrical Details Appendix P - COMM Standards, Army Networthiness Appendix Q - Geotechnical Reports and Survey

VOLUME 4 OF 17

Appendix Q - Geotechnical Reports and Survey: FIO (CONTINUED) Appendix R - Bench and Pilot Testing Investigations: FOR INFORMATION ONLY:

Fort Irwin Water Treatment Process Selection Based on Pilot Testing Results, CH2MHILL, February 2007, and Additional Bench Test Studies

VOLUME 5 OF 17

Appendix S - Ft. Irwin Water Supply Permit, Water Supply Engineering Report by CDHS (now CDPH), 2004, and Compliance Order No. 05-13-12CO-001 To US Army Fort Irwin For Arsenic And Fluoride MCL Exceedance (System No. 3610705)

Appendix T - FOR INFORMATION ONLY: Design Principles of Electrodialysis Reversal and Basis of Design of the Fort Irwin' Water Treatment Plant Technical Engineering Report CIP Project W4

Appendix U - FOR INFORMATION ONLY: DRAFT TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM: Domestic (DO) Water System Hydraulic Model Update, Evaluation, and Required Improvements, dated September 30, 2011 by CH2M Hill

Appendix V - FOR INFORMATION ONLY: Engineer’s Report for Corrosion Engineering Evaluation of the 1.0 MG Welded Steel Water Storage Tank, Harper & Assoc. Engineering, Inc., December 2007: JPL-1 Report, JPL-2 Report, and JPL-3 Report

Appendix W - FOR INFORMATION ONLY: Fort Irwin CIP Project WI Investigation for the Combination of the DO and RO Water Systems, FIO:

Technical Memorandum: Fort Irwin – Bicycle Basin Pipe Spool Examination, and FIO: Draft Water System Master Plan Fort Irwin CIP Project W21

Table of Contents Page 3

VOLUMES 6 - 15 OF 17

APPENDIX

Appendix X - FOR INFORMATION ONLY: Fort Irwin Water Treatment Plant Capital

Improvement Plan – Project W4: Volumes 1 – 10

VOLUME 16 OF 17

APPENDIX

Appendix Y - Ft. Campbell/Ft. Irwin Water and Wastewater Design and

Construction Standards, April 2010, CH2M HILL Constructors, Inc.

VOLUME 17 OF 17

APPENDIX

Appendix Z - FOR INFORMATION ONLY: Fort Irwin, Bicycle Lake Water Main and

Water Line Connections – Project W11: Drawings and Specifications

End of Project Table of Contents

APPENDIX J

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT/INITIAL STUDY

Department of the Army

Installation Management Command

Environmental Assessment/Initial Study Construction and Operation of the Fort Irwin Water Treatment Plant and Bicycle Lake Water Main Extension

U.S. Army Garrison Fort Irwin, California

October 2011

Notice: Reviewers should provide the Department of the Army (DA) with their comments during the review period of the EA. This will enable the DA to analyze and respond to the comments at one time and to use information acquired in the preparation of the EA, thus avoiding undue delay in the decision making process. Reviewers have an obligation to structure their participation in the National Environmental Policy Act process so that it is meaningful and alerts the agency to the reviewers’ position and contentions (Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. NRDC, 435 U.S. 519, 553, 1978). Environmental objections that could have been raised at the draft stage may be waived if not raised until after completion of the FEIS (City of Angoon v. Hodel, 9th Cir, 1986; and Wisconsin Heritages Inc., v. Harris, 490F.

Supp. 1334, 1338, E.D. Wis. 1980) Comments on the EA should be specific and should address the adequacy of the statement and the merits of the alternatives discussed (40CFR 1503.3).

Comments received in response to this document, including names and addresses of those who comment, will be considered part of the public record on this proposed action and will be available for public inspection. Comments submitted anonymously will be accepted and considered; however, those who submit anonymous comments will not have standing to appeal the subsequent decision under 36 CFR Parts 215 or 217. Additionally, pursuant to 7 CFR 1.27(d), any person may request the agency to withhold a submission from the public record by showing how the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) permits such confidentiality.

Persons requesting such confidentiality should be aware that, under FOIA, confidentiality may be granted in only very limited circumstances, such as to protect trade secrets. The DA will inform the requester of the agency's decision regarding the request for confidentiality, and where the request is denied the agency will return the submission and notify the requester that the comments may be resubmitted, with or without name and address.

Additional documentation, reports, and analysis referenced in this document can be found in the administrative record files. These items have not been included in this document due to technical nature, excessive length, or are reference materials used to develop the analysis in this document. All supporting documents in the planning record are located at the Environmental Management Division, Department of Public Works, Fort Irwin, California.

iii

Contents

Section Page

Executive Summary .................................................................................................................... ES-1

1. Purpose and Need ................................................................................................................ 1-1

1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1-1

1.2 Background ................................................................................................................ 1-1

1.2.1 Fort Irwin Water Sources ............................................................................ 1-1

1.2.2 Existing Fort Irwin Water Treatment Facilities ........................................ 1-7

1.2.3 Existing Distribution and Storage Facilities ............................................. 1-7

1.3 Purpose and Need for the Proposed Action .......................................................... 1-7

1.3.1 Project Need .................................................................................................. 1-7

1.3.2 Project Objectives ......................................................................................... 1-9

1.4 Scope of Analysis....................................................................................................... 1-9

1.5 Framework for Decision Making ............................................................................ 1-9

1.6 Relevant Statutes, Regulations, and Executive Orders ...................................... 1-10

1.7 Public and Agency Involvement ........................................................................... 1-12

2. Description of Proposed Action and Alternatives ........................................................ 2-1

2.1 Proposed Action ........................................................................................................ 2-1

2.1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 2-1

2.1.2 Description of the Proposed Action .......................................................... 2-3

2.2 No Action Alternative ............................................................................................ 2-13

2.3 Alternatives Considered but Not Carried Forward ........................................... 2-13

2.4 Preferred Alternative .............................................................................................. 2-14

3. Affected Environment ........................................................................................................ 3-1

3.1 Land Use Planning and Aesthetics ......................................................................... 3-1

3.1.1 Surrounding Land Use ................................................................................ 3-1

3.1.2 Installation Land Use ................................................................................... 3-1

3.1.3 Proposed Action ........................................................................................... 3-2

3.2 Geology, Soils, and Mineral Resources .................................................................. 3-2

3.2.1 Physiography ................................................................................................ 3-2

3.2.2 Geology .......................................................................................................... 3-3

3.2.3 Seismicity ....................................................................................................... 3-3

3.2.4 Mineral Resources ........................................................................................ 3-4

3.2.5 Soils ................................................................................................................ 3-4

3.3 Biological Resources.................................................................................................. 3-5

3.3.1 Regulatory Considerations ......................................................................... 3-5

3.3.2 Field Biological Resources Survey ............................................................. 3-7

3.3.3 Flora................................................................................................................ 3-8

3.3.4 Fauna ............................................................................................................ 3-12

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

3.4 Water Resources ....................................................................................................... 3-17

3.4.1 Regulatory Considerations ........................................................................ 3-17

3.4.2 Surface Water .............................................................................................. 3-18

3.4.3 Groundwater ............................................................................................... 3-23

3.5 Air Quality ................................................................................................................ 3-24

3.5.1 Regional Setting .......................................................................................... 3-24

3.5.2 Regulatory Setting ...................................................................................... 3-25

3.5.3 Ambient Air Quality Standards ................................................................ 3-27

3.6 Noise .......................................................................................................................... 3-28

3.6.1 Regional Noise Environment .................................................................... 3-28

3.6.2 Local Environment ..................................................................................... 3-29

3.6.3 Sensitive Receptors ..................................................................................... 3-29

3.6.4 Regulatory Considerations ........................................................................ 3-29

3.7 Cultural Resources ................................................................................................... 3-30

3.7.1 Project Area Cultural Resources ............................................................... 3-31

3.7.2 Regulatory Considerations ........................................................................ 3-31

3.8 Socioeconomics ........................................................................................................ 3-32

3.8.1 Population .................................................................................................... 3-32

3.8.2 Housing ........................................................................................................ 3-33

3.8.3 Economic Development ............................................................................. 3-34

3.8.4 Community Services .................................................................................. 3-36

3.8.5 Environmental Justice ................................................................................ 3-37

3.8.6 Protection of Children ................................................................................ 3-38

3.9 Transportation .......................................................................................................... 3-38

3.9.1 Roads and Conditions ................................................................................ 3-39

3.9.2 Traffic Flow and Safety .............................................................................. 3-39

3.9.3 Intersection Control .................................................................................... 3-39

3.9.4 Pedestrian and Bicycle Paths ..................................................................... 3-40

3.9.5 Privately Owned Vehicle Parking ............................................................ 3-40

3.9.6 Aircraft Facilities ......................................................................................... 3-40

3.10 Utilities ...................................................................................................................... 3-40

3.10.1 Water Distribution ...................................................................................... 3-40

3.10.2 Reverse Osmosis Treatment Facility ........................................................ 3-41

3.10.3 Wastewater Collection ............................................................................... 3-42

3.10.4 Stormwater Collection ............................................................................... 3-44

3.10.5 Energy Sources ............................................................................................ 3-44

3.10.6 Communications ......................................................................................... 3-45

3.10.7 Solid Waste Management .......................................................................... 3-45

3.11 Hazardous and Toxic Substances .......................................................................... 3-46

3.11.1 Regulatory Considerations ........................................................................ 3-46

3.11.2 Hazardous Waste Disposal ....................................................................... 3-46

3.11.3 Special Hazards ........................................................................................... 3-46

4. Environmental Consequences ........................................................................................... 4-1

4.1 Land Use Planning and Aesthetics .......................................................................... 4-1

4.1.1 Proposed Action ............................................................................................ 4-1

4.1.2 No Action Alternative .................................................................................. 4-1

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

4.1.3 Cumulative Impacts ..................................................................................... 4-1

4.1.4 CEQA Impacts Determination ................................................................... 4-2

4.1.5 Mitigation Measures .................................................................................... 4-3

4.2 Geology, Soils and Mineral Resources ................................................................... 4-3

4.2.1 Proposed Action ........................................................................................... 4-4

4.2.2 No Action Alternative ................................................................................. 4-5

4.2.3 Cumulative Impacts ..................................................................................... 4-5

4.2.4 CEQA Impacts Determination ................................................................... 4-5

4.2.5 Mitigation Measures .................................................................................... 4-7

4.3 Biological Resources.................................................................................................. 4-8

4.3.1 Proposed Action ........................................................................................... 4-8

4.3.2 Cumulative Impacts ................................................................................... 4-10

4.3.5 CEQA Impacts Determination ................................................................. 4-10

4.3.6 Mitigation Measures .................................................................................. 4-12

4.4 Water Resources ...................................................................................................... 4-12

4.4.1 Proposed Action ......................................................................................... 4-13

4.4.2 No Action Alternative ............................................................................... 4-15

4.4.3 Cumulative Impacts ................................................................................... 4-15

4.4.5 CEQA Impacts Determination ................................................................. 4-15

4.4.6 Mitigation Measures .................................................................................. 4-17

4.5 Air Quality ............................................................................................................... 4-19

4.5.1 Proposed Action ......................................................................................... 4-19

4.5.2 No Action Alternative ............................................................................... 4-21

4.5.3 Cumulative Impact .................................................................................... 4-21

4.5.4 CEQA Impacts Determination ................................................................. 4-22

4.5.5 Mitigation Measures .................................................................................. 4-23

4.6 Noise ......................................................................................................................... 4-23

4.6.1 Proposed Action ......................................................................................... 4-23

4.6.2 No Action Alternative ............................................................................... 4-25

4.6.3 Cumulative Impacts ................................................................................... 4-25

4.6.4 CEQA Impacts Determination ................................................................. 4-25

4.6.5 Mitigation Measures .................................................................................. 4-27

4.7 Cultural Resources .................................................................................................. 4-27

4.7.1 Proposed Action ......................................................................................... 4-27

4.7.2 No Action Alternative ............................................................................... 4-28

4.7.3 Cumulative Impacts ................................................................................... 4-28

4.7.4 CEQA Impacts Determination ................................................................. 4-28

4.7.5 Mitigation Measures .................................................................................. 4-29

4.8 Socioeconomics ........................................................................................................ 4-29

4.8.1 Proposed Action ......................................................................................... 4-29

4.8.2 No Action Alternative ............................................................................... 4-29

4.8.3 Cumulative Impacts ................................................................................... 4-30

4.8.4 CEQA Impacts Determination ................................................................. 4-30

4.8.5 Mitigation Measures .................................................................................. 4-31

4.9 Transportation ......................................................................................................... 4-31

4.9.1 Proposed Action ......................................................................................... 4-31

4.9.2 No Action Alternative ............................................................................... 4-31

4.9.3 Cumulative Impacts ................................................................................... 4-32

4.9.4 CEQA Impacts Determination .................................................................. 4-32

4.9.5 Mitigation Measures ................................................................................... 4-33

4.10 Utilities ...................................................................................................................... 4-33

4.10.1 Proposed Action .......................................................................................... 4-33

4.10.2 No Action Alternative ................................................................................ 4-34

4.10.3 Cumulative Impacts ................................................................................... 4-34

4.10.4 CEQA Impacts Determination .................................................................. 4-34

4.10.5 Mitigation Measures ................................................................................... 4-35

4.11 Hazardous and Toxic Substances .......................................................................... 4-35

4.11.1 Proposed Action .......................................................................................... 4-35

4.11.2 No Action Alternative ................................................................................ 4-36

4.11.3 Cumulative Impacts ................................................................................... 4-36

4.11.4 CEQA Impacts Determination .................................................................. 4-36

4.11.5 Mitigation Measures ................................................................................... 4-39

4.12 Mitigation Summary ............................................................................................... 4-39

4.12.1 Geology, Soils and Mineral Resources ..................................................... 4-39

4.12.2 Biological Resources ................................................................................... 4-39

4.12.3 Water Resources .......................................................................................... 4-40

4.12.4 Air Quality ................................................................................................... 4-41

4.12.5 Noise ............................................................................................................. 4-41

4.12.6 Cultural Resources ...................................................................................... 4-41

5. List of Preparers .................................................................................................................... 5-1

6. References .............................................................................................................................. 6-1

7. Distribution List ................................................................................................................... 7-1

Tables

ES-1 Summary of Impacts ........................................................................................................ ES-9 ES-2 Summary of Mitigation Measures ................................................................................ ES-11 1-1 Permits, Approvals, and Agreements Required by Other Agencies ......................... 1-10 2-1 Source Water Quality Constituents and Fort Irwin Drinking Water Quality

Goals for the 6-mgd Water Treatment Plant.................................................................... 2-2 2-2 Footprint Size of the Proposed Action ........................................................................... 2-13 3-1 Plant Species Observed During Proposed Action Site Surveys .................................... 3-9 3-2 Plant Species Observed During Water Main Extension Corridor Survey ................. 3-10 3-3 Potential Special-Status Species and Use at Proposed Action Site ............................. 3-16 3-4 Wildlife Species Observed During Site Surveys of Construction Corridor for

Water Main Extension....................................................................................................... 3-17 3-5 Wildlife Species Observed During Surveys of Sites for the Proposed Action .......... 3-18 3-6 Ambient Air Quality Standards ...................................................................................... 3-27 3-7 Noise Compatibility Zones .............................................................................................. 3-30 3-8 Population Change for the City of Barstow, San Bernardino County, and the

State of California (2000 to 2006-2008) ............................................................................ 3-33 3-9 Housing Development Summary by Housing Area .................................................... 3-34 3-10 Total Full- and Part-time Employment by Industry, San Bernardino County, California (2004) ................................................................................................................. 3-35 3-11 Income and Poverty Characteristics for Fort Irwin and Barstow ZIP Code

Areas and the State of California (2000) ......................................................................... 3-36 3-12 Minority Population and Persons Living Below the Poverty Level for the Fort

Irwin and Barstow Area ................................................................................................... 3-38 3-13 Wastewater Generation (2007 – 2009) ............................................................................. 3-43 4-1 Fort Irwin Estimated Average Annual Groundwater Recharge and Discharge

Rates (mgd) ........................................................................................................................ 4-16 4-2 Air Quality Significance Thresholds ............................................................................... 4-21 4-3 Proposed Action Emissions ............................................................................................. 4-22 4-4 Comparison of Emissions to General Conformity Criteria ......................................... 4-23 4-5 Noise Levels of Construction Equipment at 50 and 100 Feet ...................................... 4-26

Figures

ES-1 Fort Irwin WTP Proposed Action Footprint ................................................................. ES-7 1-1 Fort Irwin Vicinity Map ...................................................................................................... 1-3 1-2 Fort Irwin Source Water Bicycle Lake, Langford Lake, and Irwin

Groundwater Basins............................................................................................................ 1-5 2-1 Fort Irwin WTP and Bicycle Water Main Project Location ........................................... 2-3 2-2 Fort Irwin WTP Proposed Action Footprint .................................................................... 2-5 2-3 EDR Main Treatment Process Flow .................................................................................. 2-7 2-4 EDR Membrane Waste Stream Process Flow Diagram .................................................. 2-8 3-1 Fort Irwin WTP and Water Main Ephemeral Washes.................................................. 3-21

3-2 Fort Irwin Average Daily Production for Each Month (2006 – 2010) ........................ 3-42

Appendices

A Biological Surveys

B State Historical Preservation Office Coordination

Acronyms and Abbreviations

C degrees Celsius

F degrees Fahrenheit g/L micrograms per liter g/m3 micrograms per cubic meter m micrometer

AA activated alumina

ACM asbestos-containing material

ADNL average A-weighted day-night noise level

AFB Air Force Base afy acre-feet per year

APE Area of Potential Effect

AR Army Regulation

ARB California Air Resources Board

As arsenic

ATCAA Air Traffic Control Assigned Airspace

BBD brine blowdown

BLM Bureau of Land Management

BMP best management practice

CA(OH)2 hydrated lime

CAA Clean Air Act

CAAQS California Ambient Air Quality Standards

CaCl2 calcium chloride

CDFG California Department of Fish and Game

CDMG California Division of Mines and Geology

CDMP Community Development and Management Plan

CDNL average C-weighted day-night noise level

CEQA California Environmental Quality Act

CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act

CESA California Endangered Species Act

CFR Code of Federal Regulations

CIP chemically clean in place

CNPS California Native Plant Society

CO carbon monoxide

CWA Clean Water Act

D/DBPR Disinfectants, Disinfection Byproducts Rule

DAR defense access road dB decibel dBA A-weighted sound pressure level (de-emphasizes very low and very high frequencies) dBC C-weighted sound pressure level (emphasizes very low frequencies) dBP peak unweighted sound level dc direct current

DPH California Department of Public Health

DLR detection level for purposes of reporting

DPW Directorate of Public Works

EA Environmental Assessment

ECIP electrode clean in place

EDR electrodialysis reversal

EFZ earthquake fault zone

EIFS Economic Impact Forecast System

ESA Endangered Species Act

F fluoride

Fe iron

FICRMBD Fort Irwin Cultural Resources Management Database

FICRP Fort Irwin Cultural Resources Program

FICRMD Fort Irwin Cultural Resources Management Database

FONSI Finding of No Significant Impact g/bhp-hr grams per brake-horsepower-hour

GAC granular activated carbon gpd gallons per day

GWR Groundwater (Disinfection) Rule

H2CO3 carbonic acid

HUD Housing and Urban Development

INRMP Integrated Natural Resources Management Plan

JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory kV kilovolt kVA kilovolt-ampere

LBP lead-based paint

LPG liquid petroleum gas

LRAA locational running annual average

LSI Langelier saturation index

MBTA Migratory Bird Treaty Act

MCL maximum contaminant level

MDAQMD Mojave Desert Air Quality Monitoring District

MFH military family housing

MG million gallons mg/kg milligrams per kilogram mg/L milligrams per liter mgd million gallons per day msl mean sea level

MVA megavolt ampere

MWR Morale, Welfare, and Recreation

N nitrogen

NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards

NaOCl sodium hypochlorite

NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NAWS Naval Air Weapons Station

NEPA National Environmental Policy Act

NHPA National Historic Preservation Act

NMFS National Marine Fisheries Service

NO2 nitrogen dioxide/nitrate

NO3 nitrite

NOx oxides of nitrogen

NPDWRs National Primary Drinking Water Regulations

NRCS Natural Resources Conservation Service

NRHP National Register of Historic Places

NTC National Training Center

O&M operations and maintenance

O3 ozone

OHWM Ordinary High Water Mark

OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration

OWS oil/water separator

PCBs polychlorinated biphenyls pCi picoCuries

PM particulate matter

PM10 particulate matter less than 10 microns in aerodynamic diameter

PM2.5 particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in aerodynamic diameter ppm parts per million

RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

RO reverse osmosis

ROG reactive organic gas

ROI region of influence

RV recreational vehicle

SCE Southern California Edison

SDWA Safe Drinking Water Act

SHPO State Historic Preservation Office

SIP State Implementation Plan

SO2 sulfur dioxide

SOC synthetic organic compound

SOx oxides of sulfur

SVOC semivolatile organic compound

SWANCC Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County

SWPPP Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan

TDS total dissolved solids

TS total solids

TSCA Toxic Substances Control Act

TTLC total threshold limit concentration

U.S. United States

U.S.C. United States Code

USACE United States Army Corps of Engineers

USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency

USFWS United States Fish and Wildlife Service

USGS United States Geological Survey

UST underground storage tank

UTM Universal Transverse Mercator

VOC volatile organic compound

WET waste extraction test

WTP water treatment plant

WWTP wastewater treatment plant

ES-1

Executive Summary

ES-1 Introduction

This Environmental Assessment (EA) describes the potential environmental consequences of the proposed construction and operation of a new water treatment plant (WTP) and extension to the existing Bicycle Lake water main (Proposed Action). The proponent of the Proposed Action is the United States (U.S.) Army, Fort Irwin Directorate of Public Works (DPW). The new WTP and an associated water main extension are needed to supply existing and future populations with drinking water that meets all state and federal drinking water quality standards. Construction is expected to start on the WTP and water main extension in 2013. The Proposed Action would not result in any significant environmental impacts that would warrant the preparation of an Environmental Impact Statement.

ES-2 Environmental Impact Analysis Process

The U.S. Army is the agency carrying out the federal action and is responsible for complying with the requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). This EA also would be used as the basis for obtaining permits and approvals from other agencies, including the California Department of Health Services, California Regional Water Quality Control Board-Lahontan Region, California State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO), and Mojave Desert Air Pollution Control District.

ES-3 Purpose and Need of the Proposed Action

The purpose of the Proposed Action is to construct and operate a new WTP to provide sufficient drinking water to residents, workers, and Soldiers at Fort Irwin. The new WTP would supply water that meets all federal and state drinking water quality regulatory requirements.

ES-3.1 Project Need

The existing domestic water system at Fort Irwin is not capable of supplying potable water that complies with all state and federal drinking water quality standards for all designated potable water uses. Fort Irwin must replace its dual-piped distribution system and water treatment plant to provide an adequate supply of potable water that would consistently meet regulatory standards for arsenic, fluoride, nitrate, and total dissolved solids (TDS).

Fort Irwin must also maximize water recovery during the treatment process to minimize waste and increase water conservation, given its desert location and limited water resources.

ES-3.2 Potable Water that Meets State and Federal Regulatory Requirements

Water currently served to most taps at Fort Irwin, except for special drinking water taps that serve reverse osmosis (RO) treated water exclusively, has exceeded maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for fluoride and arsenic. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has issued guidance regarding the term ―human consumption.‖ A notice

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

ES-2

published in the Federal Register on August 5, 1998, entitled ―Definition of a Public Water System in SDWA Section 1401(4) as Amended by the 1996 SDWA Amendments‖ states:

USEPA has interpreted the term human consumption to include drinking, bathing, showering, cooking, dishwashing, and maintaining oral hygiene, and this interpretation has been upheld by the courts. See United States v. Midway Heights County Water District, 695 F. Supp. 1072, 1074 (E. Cal. 1988) (‘‘Midway Heights’’).

This statement indicates that all water distributed for drinking, bathing, showering, cooking, dishwashing, and maintaining oral hygiene must meet all applicable National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWRs) or primary standards. The acceptance of a dual distribution system by the state does not absolve an owner of a water system from being liable to enforcement action by the federal government regarding the delivery of two grades of water.

ES-3.3 Maximize Recovery

The existing RO system effectively removes all fluoride and arsenic in the treated water;

however, the facility operates at approximately 55 percent recovery with waste brine discharged to the sewer system.1 Water wasting of this magnitude is unacceptable in the water supply-limited desert where Fort Irwin is located. In addition, because treated wastewater is percolated into the groundwater aquifer, the salts in the waste stream are recycled to one of the water sources at Fort Irwin. Fort Irwin requires a new WTP that can provide greater than 95 percent recovery to minimize water waste and maximize the longevity of its limited water resources.

ES-3.4 Adequate Water Supply

The existing RO treatment facility produces water that meets regulatory standards.

However, this facility has a normal production capacity of 120,000 gallons per day (gpd), while current annual average demand for potable water is approximately 2.5 million gallons per day (mgd). The remaining demand for potable water is supplied by chlorinated groundwater that does not meet all standards.

The future water supply system at Fort Irwin is designed to provide 6.0 mgd maximum capacity based on existing and short-term future water demand, and the system will have the capability to expand up to 12.0 mgd to accommodate long-term population growth.

ES-4 Proposed Action and Alternatives

The new WTP must satisfy the following requirements:

Provide treated water that meets water quality standards for all potable water purposes

Meet Fort Irwin’s water demand

Provide the highest practicable water recovery

Generate the minimum practicable post-treatment waste stream

1 Recovery rate is defined as the percentage of water feed to a treatment unit that is product water. With a 55 percent recovery rate, 45 percent of the water feed to the treatment unit is wasted.

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

ES-3

ES-4.1 Proposed Action

The Proposed Action would entail the construction of a new WTP and water main extension. The new WTP would receive source water through an extension of the existing Bicycle Lake water main that conveys water from the Bicycle Lake groundwater basin wellfield. The WTP’s main treatment process would be electrodialysis reversal (EDR), followed by three waste stream treatment processes, including partial lime softening, RO, and mechanical evaporation. These processes would increase the water recovery rate to 99.8 percent.

The site of the Proposed Action is on the southwest corner of Goldstone Road and North Loop Road and would occupy a footprint of approximately 43 acres, as shown in Figure ES-

1. Construction of the water main extension would involve the disturbance of approximately 45 acres that make up a 50-foot-wide construction corridor along both sides of the pipeline. The corridor would be returned to preconstruction conditions to the extent practicable upon completion.

The water supply for the new WTP would be conveyed through a new 16-inch water main extension of the existing 16-inch Bicycle Lake main line. The extension would begin at the intersection of Barstow Road and Outer Loop Road and be aligned along the northern side of Outer Loop Road to the intersection with Goldstone Road, thus bypassing the cantonment. In addition, a new 12-inch treated water main would be constructed in the same construction trench to convey treated water flows from the new WTP to the point where the existing 16-inch water intercepted (or approximately Barstow Road and Outer Loop Road), and address the hydraulic limitations in the existing water distribution system.

ES-4.2 No Action Alternative

Under the No Action Alternative, Fort Irwin would continue distributing two distinct types of water through a dual-piped system. No changes would be made to existing environmental conditions. If no action is taken, the existing RO facility would not have the capacity to treat the full water demand of Fort Irwin, and the facilities would not have sufficient recovery of product water to make their continued use a viable option.

Additionally, not all water served to the public may meet state and federal drinking water standards for arsenic and fluoride.

ES-5 Preferred Alternative

The Proposed Action is the Preferred Alternative, which includes construction of a new WTP, and would achieve the goal of providing potable water that meets all federal and state drinking water regulatory requirements to residents, workers, and soldiers at Fort Irwin.

The Proposed Action site is preferable due to potential cultural impacts on other available sites. Additionally, the Proposed Action site offers the best topography for constructability, which would result in a lower potential for ground disturbance and, thus, fewer direct, indirect, or cumulative impacts to air quality and biological, cultural, and geological resources. The location of the site for the Proposed Action is more conducive to construction of a WTP than other sites considered and is compatible with the uses that the Army has planned for the land in that area.

ES-4

ES-6 Summary of Impacts

ES-6.1 Summary of Impacts

Impacts to environmental and socioeconomic resources resulting from implementation of the Proposed Action and the No Action Alternative are summarized in Table ES-1.

ES-6.2 Cumulative Impacts

Construction of new facilities, as well as modifications to existing facilities and infrastructure, are ongoing at Fort Irwin. An example includes the recent construction of onsite military family housing assets at Sandy Basin III and the Senior Unaccompanied Housing (SUH) at Town Center II. The incremental impacts associated with implementation of the Proposed Action would not be expected to have a cumulative impact when considered in combination with other developments.

Bicycle Water Main Construction Corridor 45 Acres

Bicycle Water Main Construction Corridor Within Proposed Action WTP Footprint

2 Acres

Goldstone Road

No rth

L oo p Ro ad

Proposed Action WTP Footprint 43 Acres

0 1 20.5 Miles

Legend Bicycle Water Main

Proposed Action WTP Footprint

Bicycle Water Main Construction Corridor

0 600 1,200300 Feet

Figure ES-1 Fort Irwin WTP Proposed Action Fort Irwin Water Treatment Plant Environmental Assessment

ES-7

TABLE ES-1

Summary of Impacts

Resource Proposed Action

Environmental Consequences No Action Alternative

Environmental Consequences

Land Use Planning and Aesthetics

Site and Installation of Proposed Action

Proposed use is compatible with installation land use plans and visual characteristics of its surroundings.

No Impact

Surrounding Area No Impact No Impact

Geology, Soils, and Mineral Resources

Geology and Mineral Resources Ground subsidence associated with lowering groundwater levels could occur.

Ground subsidence associated with lowering groundwater levels could occur.

Soils Short-term soil erosion impacts No Impact

Seismicity New facilities would be exposed to seismic hazards.

No Impact

Biological Resources

Flora Long-term permanent loss of minor quantity of Mojave creosote bush scrub

No Impact

Fauna Minor long-term loss of habitat of general wildlife species

No Impact

Special-Status Species Potential short-term and long-term disturbance to desert tortoise and selected bird species due to loss of breeding and foraging habitat

No Impact

Water Resources

Surface Water Minor short-term and long-term impacts to ephemeral washes

No Impact

Groundwater Long-term adverse impacts to water levels and water quality.

Impacts less than under No Action Alternative.

Long-term adverse impacts to water levels and water quality.

Impacts greater than under Proposed Action.

Air Quality

Short-term fugitive dust emissions from soil disturbance during construction.

Short-term and long-term vehicle and equipment exhaust emissions.

No impact

Noise

Short-term increase in noise level from construction activities. Long-term minor increase from truck deliveries and back-up diesel-powered generator.

No impact

ES-8

TABLE ES-1

Summary of Impacts

Resource Proposed Action

Environmental Consequences No Action Alternative

Environmental Consequences

Cultural Resources

No impact on cultural resources that are known to be eligible for or listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).

No impact

Socioeconomics

Measurable short-term beneficial impacts to regional economic activity (jobs, income, and earnings). Negligible impacts to housing and quality of life assets.

No Environmental Justice and Protection of Children issues.

No impact

Transportation

Minor short-term adverse impacts to level of service of Fort Irwin Road. No long-term impacts.

No impact

Utilities

Water Distribution Short-and long-term major beneficial impacts

Short- and long-term adverse impacts

Water Treatment Short- and long-term major beneficial impacts

Short- and long-term major adverse impacts

Wastewater Short- and long-term beneficial impacts due to removal of RO treatment waste to wastewater system

Short-and long-term adverse impacts due to disposal of RO treatment waste to wastewater system

Stormwater Long-term minor adverse impact No impact

Energy and Communications The proposed WTP would be a new source of electrical power consumption.

No impact

Solid Waste Negligible short-term impacts.

Increase in quantity of waste disposed of at permitted landfill facilities.

No impact

Hazardous and Toxic Substances

Short-term use of small quantities of potentially hazardous materials during construction. Long-term use of hazardous materials and generation of waste salts in evaporation ponds. Waste contents would be characterized periodically and disposed in an appropriate manner.

No impact

ES-9

ES-7 Summary of Mitigation Measures

Mitigation measures would be implemented to ensure that adverse environmental impacts of the construction and operation of the Proposed Action would be avoided or minimized to acceptable levels. These mitigation measures would be incorporated into the final design, implemented by the general construction contractor, and included in the contract documents. A summary of the measures is presented in Table ES-2.

TABLE ES-2

Summary of Mitigation Measures

Resource Potential Impact Proposed Mitigation Measure

Geology, Soils and Mineral Resources

Soil Erosion Employ best management practices (BMPs) for control of erosion and sediment

Prepare and implement Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP)

Biological Resources

Adverse impacts to federally listed species

Within 2 weeks of the onset of construction, 100 percent coverage ground surveys of the project site would be conducted for tortoises, signs of use, or burrows. If no tortoises or active burrows are identified, then construction would proceed without interruption.

If active burrows or tortoises are identified, then tortoises would be relocated to areas off the construction area, and burrows collapsed. Tortoise relocation would require a Section 10(a) permit issued by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) under the federal Endangered Species Act.

During land clearing and construction, a biological monitor would be available to observe construction activities and to verify that no tortoises wander into construction sites. If a tortoise were to enter a construction site, construction in the immediate vicinity would be halted while the tortoise is relocated off the site.

Before construction begins, all personnel working on the site would be given a briefing on the desert tortoise detailing the life history of the tortoise, as well as the protocol to follow if a tortoise is encountered at the work site.

Adverse impacts to other special-status species

Land and vegetation clearing would occur outside the breeding season for these birds, defined as February 15 to August 31, where practicable.

If vegetation clearing is required during the breeding season, then preconstruction surveys of breeding birds would be conducted. If active nests are identified, they would be protected from disturbance by a 500-foot nesting buffer, which would remain in place until the young have fledged and no new nests would be initiated for the season.

ES-10

TABLE ES-2

Summa…