Attachment_14_-_02_TSMO_Systems_Overview_Industry_Day.pdf

THREAT OPERATIONS

SUPPORT

Threat Systems Management

Office

Threat C3

Integrated Threat Force

(ITF) Suite

Represents threat C3, COP, & visualization

8 Vehicles:

• Threat HQ / TOC

• Command Posts

• Network nodes

TSMO Electronic Warfare Systems Overview

Electronic Attack

Wideband Configurable

Controlled Jammer

(WCCJ)

Controlled Signal

Transmitter (CST)

Cicada-C

Networked Electronic

Support Threat Sensors

(NESTS)

Giraffe RADARs

Electronic Surveillance

Threat Unmanned Device

(TUD) UAS

Mobile Commercial Network Infrastructure

Test Range (MCNITR)

2G/3G Threat Cellular Communications System

• 2-2.75 GSM, GPRS, EDGE

• 3G UMTS

• Voice, SMS, MMS, and Data

• 802.11 A, B, G, and N

Key: Electro-Optical/Infra-Red (EO/IR), Unmanned Aerial System (UAS), Direction Finding (DF), Signals intelligence (SIGINT), Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), Soldier Radio Waveform

(SRW), Wideband Networking Waveform (WNW), Command, Control and Communications (C3), Common Operating Picture (COP), Tactical Operations Center (TOC), Global System for

Mobile Communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Short

Message Service (SMS), Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS)

TSMO EW Operational Support

Electronic Surveillance

Electronic Attack

HUMINT

Cyber Intel

Movement

Enemy Disposition

NESTS

EW TOC

Giraffe RADARs

Cicada

ECST WCCJ

ITF

TUD

TSIJ

(Integrated with target systems)

Control Tone

C3 Integrated Threat Force (ITF) System Description

Threat Command, Control, and Communications suite

• Reconfigurable and Scalable

Provides:

• Threat Situational Awareness (SA) visualization

• Command and Control (C2)

Integrated with:

• Electronic Warfare (EW) assets

• Computer Network Operations (CNO) Live, Virtual and

Constructive (LVC) representations

• Traditional Threat Maneuver and Fires assets

Performance

• ARES Common Operational Picture

• TReX Historical data collection and viewer

• TCP/IP network backbone over RF, copper, or fiber

• Test Enabling Network Architecture (TENA) interconnections

• Voice via Voice over IP or VHF / Instant Messenger Chat

• Shared data storage

CONOPS

• Operations Orders and other relevant data are passed to the Threat Electronic

Warfare (EW) force through the ITF network

• EW system operators:

• Receive and integrate all electronic support data

• Integrate data with Opposing Force intelligence elements

• Task Electronic Attack based on location, frequency, and current Threat Operational

Strategy

• Record and deliver test data as required

Fleet Quantity: 11 Tactical Network nodes

(2 THQ, 4 CPV, 1 C2V2, 4 GSM Trailers)

ITF Visualization, Analysis, and Data Collection

Adaptable Range Exercise System (ARES)

• Produced by General Dynamics

• Real-time operational picture

• Visualization of:

• Platform location and movement

• NESTS DF tracks and LOBs

• Giraffe RADAR tracks

• Jammer/EA Activity

Test and Training Enabling Architecture (TENA)

TSMO Replay Exercise Viewer (T-ReX)

• Based on ArcGIS, produced by ESRI

• Allows time-integrated viewing and filtering of

• NESTS DF tracks

• Filter by frequency

• Color-code by identified unit

• Jammer fans

• TUD LOBs

• Integrates TUD LOBs over time and provides TUD tracks

• Visualization/C2 tools can be easily duplicated anywhere on the ITF network

• New or improved systems can be easily integrated into existing TENA framework

• Enables interoperability among systems, facilities, simulations, and C4ISR systems

• Adapters translate platform data and tracks into common

TENA Object Model language

• Threat Signals Intelligence (SIGINT)

• Direction Finding (DF)

• Communications Intelligence (COMINT)

• Signal Exploitation

Provides an advanced communications detection infrastructure. May be operated stand-alone or cooperatively networked.

• DF lines-of-bearing

• Emitter geo-location

• Net construction

• Signal analysis

Performance

Frequency Sensitivity Range: 30 MHz – 3 GHz

NESTS-High

• Dedicated digital DF and COMINT receiver systems

• Robust digital radio network with redundant data options

• High capability against modern systems and waveforms including DSSS and

FHSS signals

NESTS-Medium

• Dedicated digital receiver only

• Digital data radio with redundant options

• Good capability against current tactical radios including FHSS signals

NESTS-Low

• Transit case mounted with portable power source

• Netted operation via FM tactical radio, with separate voice network

• RMS Error ±10 degrees

CONOPS

Provides electronic SIGINT/DF data for the Threat Commander and Staff.

Information that is displayed at the EW TOC includes:

When correlated with known unit frequencies, yields Blue Force unit locations

Networked Electronic Support Threat Sensors (NESTS)

Fleet Quantity: 2 Suites (NESTS-H), 2 Nodes (NESTS-M), 3 Nodes (NESTS-L)

Scan rate: 1.5 GHz/sec at 5 kHz resolution SIGINT sensitivity ≤0.6 µV/m

Instantaneous Bandwidth: 60 MHz DF sensitivity ≤1 µV/m

DF Minimum Signal Duration 400 µs RMS Error ±1.5 – 6 degrees

Instantaneous Bandwidth: 30 MHz RMS Error ±10 degrees

Frequency Location (MGRS and Lat/Long)

Detected power Track Quality

• Manned airborne platform

• Controlled by operators in the ground control station (like a UAV)

• Represents an unmanned threat Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance

(ISR) capability

• Payloads include

• Electro-Optical/Infrared (EO/IR) sensor

• ES/DF capability

• Airborne Electronic Attack

• Seismic and acoustic ground sensors are also available for test and training

Performance

Mission payload configurations:

• EO/IR surveillance and tracking of fixed or moving targets

• Geo-located targeting

• Simulated target designation

• ES and Direction Finding (DF), 20 – 500 MHz

• Airborne EA, 30 MHz – 6 GHz

Native integration with the ITF TENA network

60 miles operational radius from ground antenna

10,000 ft operational ceiling

CONOPS

• Provides the Threat Force Commander visualization of ongoing operations

• Electronic Sensing (ES) detections and screen captures displayed near-real-time on COP via ITF Network

• Using targeting information from its own sensors and other intelligence assets, the Threat Commander can request the TUD to conduct electronic attacks (EA)

Threat Unmanned Device (TUD)

Fleet Quantity: 1 Suite

(1 Aircraft, 1 Ground Control Station with Comms Trailer)

EO/IR

EA

Antennas

ES

Antennas Data Link

Antenna

Giraffe Agile Multi-Beam (AMB)

• Newest member of the Giraffe family of radar

• Multi-beam 3-Dimensional air coverage

• Frequency agile pulse Doppler air search radar

• Mobile or static short to medium range air defense application

• Detects low-altitude, low cross-section aircraft targets in conditions of severe clutter and electronic countermeasures

• Detects hovering helicopters

• Detects in-coming artillery and mortar fire

Performance

• Multi-beam 3-Dimensional air coverage with instrumented ranges of

30 km, 60 km and 100 km.

• 5.4 – 5.9 GHz Operational Frequency range

• Altitude coverage is from ground-level to 20,000 meters with 70-degree elevation coverage.

• Data rate 1-scan-per-second

• Pulse density suppresses high cluttering in adverse weather.

• Ultra-low antenna side-lobes combined with pulse-to-pulse and burst-to-burst frequency agility provides some resistance to jamming

• Automatic Point of Origin / Point of Impact calculations

• Deployable in 10 minutes, prepared to travel in 6 minutes.

CONOPS

• Air surveillance and tracking

• Fixed-wing and Rotary-wing tracking

• Rocket, Artillery, and Mortar Tracking

• Surface surveillance and tracking

• Target identification for weapon systems

• All tracks displayed real-time on COP via ITF network

Fleet Quantity: 2 Systems

Giraffe 75 (G75)

• Frequency agile pulse Doppler air search radar

• Mobile or static short to medium range air defense application

• Detects low-altitude, low cross-section aircraft targets in conditions of severe clutter and electronic countermeasures

Performance

• 13-meter antenna mast

• Range 75 km, altitude coverage extends from ground-level to

10,000 meters

• Includes an integrated Command, Control and Communication (C3) system that enables GIRAFFE to act as the command and control center in an air defense system

CONOPS

• Air surveillance and tracking

• Surface surveillance and tracking

• Target identification for weapon systems

• Can provide an air picture to each firing battery using FM radio communication

Fleet Quantity: 1 System

Wideband Configurable Controlled Jammer

(WCCJ)

System Description

• EA of Communications and Unreliability – Current Threat

• Example Targets:

• FM Voice

• SRW / WNW

• Satellite Communications

• Minimal out-of-band emissions, even near restricted frequencies

• Replicates many different Threat jamming systems

Performance

Frequency Range: 30 MHz – 18 GHz

Max ERP: 900W

• Frequency follower plus other Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum

(DSSS) threat jamming capabilities

• Digital Radio Frequency Memory (DRFM) capability

• Direction Finding (DF) capability

• Wideband frequency output

• 2 independent output channels allow simultaneous jamming of 2 separate frequencies

• Dynamically Programmable Output Waveforms

• Flexible output frequency tailoring

• Remote monitor capability using the ITF network

• Setup time: 1-2 hours

CONOPS

• Using targeting information from electronic sensors and other intelligence assets, the

Threat Commander can request the WCCJ to conduct electronic attacks (EA) on 2 different frequencies simultaneously.

• WCCJ can find additional frequencies of interest in the area resulting in EA against those targets.

CICADA

• Jams up to 16 active radio nets simultaneously

• Example Targets:

• Frequency hoppers

• Cell phones

• Satellite navigation

• Attack Jam modes scan the environment and activate only when target signals are present

Performance

Frequency Range: 20 MHz – 3 GHz

Max ERP: 4kW

• Automatic, computer controlled jamming sequences

• High power, liquid cooled power amplifiers

• Extremely fast multiplex operation for effective jamming of multiple targets simultaneously

• Special jamming modulations ensuring effectiveness

• Jamming of predefined frequencies in order of priority

• Barrage jamming against several frequency hoppers

• Protected frequencies to be spared from jamming

• Low false alarm rate and high probability of intercept

• Setup time: 1-2 hours

CONOPS

• Using targeting information from electronic sensors and other intelligence assets, the Threat Commander can request CICADA conduct Electronic Attack (EA) on multiple frequencies in different bands

• CICADA can find additional frequencies of interest in the area resulting in EA against those targets

• CICADA can automatically jam frequencies upon detection

Enhanced Controlled Signal Transmitter (E-CST)

• Electronic attack (EA) of Communications and Unreliability – Current

Threat

• Highly Mobile

• Capable of full remote operation though ITF network

• Remote system diagnostics

• Able to control Remote Jammer Units (RJUs) for Injection Jamming

Performance

Frequency Range:

30 MHz – 6 GHz

• Remote Controllable through ITF network

• Setup time: 30 min - 2 hr

CONOPS

• Using targeting information from electronic sensors and other intelligence assets, the Threat Commander can request a local or remote CST operator to conduct EA on a single simultaneous frequency.

• E-CST can find additional frequencies of interest in the area, resulting in electronic attack against those targets.

Fleet Quantity: 12 Systems

Aircraft Survivability Equipment Trainer IV

(ASET-IV)

System Description

• Ground-based air defense threat emitters

• Create a realistic electronic warfare environment for training fixed- and rotary-wing aviators

• Mobile, 1 command vehicle and 5 threats per suite

Performance

• Full Power Threat Transmitter

• Correct Waveforms

• Environmentally Qualified

• Mobile on HMWWV Chassis

• ECM Receiver

• Detects Jamming

• Reacts to ECM Techniques

• Target Video Tracking

• Monitors Response to Threat

• Records Pilot Response

• FLIR Cameras on Radar Systems

CONOPS

•Excellent mobility - Transported on standard heavy HMMWVs

•Provides Enhanced Training to US Air Crews, Teams, Units - Exercises doctrine and tactics

•Simulates a Composite Threat in a Variety of Employment Options

•Creates a Realistic EW Environment

•Emits Actual Full Power RF Signals

•Capable of Being Jammed

•Extensive Instrumentation Systems

–Audio / Video of Engagements

–MILES / SAWE-RF Compatible

Control Vehicle

(C3)

Anti-Aircraft Artillery

(AAA)

Radio Frequency

Surface-to-Air Missile

(RF-SAM)

Infrared

Surface-to-Air Missile

(IR-SAM)

Fleet Quantity: 4 Suites (16 Systems)

Mobile Commercial Network Infrastructure Test Range

(MCNITR)

System Description

• Communications infrastructure capable of providing 2G and 3G cellular communications

• Voice, SMS, MMS, and data

• Dynamic closed loop communications environment

• Provides capability to conduct operational tests of developmental Blue Force (BLUFOR) assets

• Provides an Opposing Force (OPFOR) communications infrastructure similar to those encountered in theater

Performance

• Closed loop 2G – 3G cellular communications infrastructure operate in

European frequency bands

• Provides mobile threat cell network capabilities using a master node with two slave nodes configured to support GSM

900, GSM 1800, and UMTS 2100 cellular technologies.

• Cellular infrastructure supports voice, messaging (MMS and SMS), and data

(GPRS, EDGE, and 3G) services.

• Requires no external connection

CONOPS

Realistic Radio Frequency environment to:

• Test as a Threat network

• Provide a Red Cell communications infrastructure for OPFOR training

• Provide a white cell communications infrastructure for closed loop communications

Incorporates transceivers based on multiple cellular technologies

Transceivers may be used independently or in conjunction to create authentic electromagnetic emissions.

Fleet Quantity: 3 Suites (9 Systems)

Electronic Warfare Open-Air Collector (EWOC)

• RF detection and analysis laboratory

• Provides ground truth on electronic warfare

(EW) emissions

• Provides calibration signals for various systems

• Ensures compliance with FCC and Army guidelines for electronic attack (EA) emissions

• Verifies intended target signal levels

• Confirms emitter direction

Performance

Frequency Sensitivity Range: 30 MHz – 18 GHz

• Real-time Signal Intelligence and Analysis

• Direction Finding

• Recording and playback of intermittent and pulsed signals

• Internal amplification of low-level signals

CONOPS

• Deployed near an EA system to verify emissions

• Deployed near BLUFOR to verify power on target

• Remotely-controllable via ITF network

• Provides collected signal data to EW TOC for action

Fleet Quantity: 1 System