Truth-Requirements-Document--2015.12.31--1200_3.7.2.3_Environment_Effects.pdf

Truth-Requirements-Document--2015.12.31--1200_3.7.2.3_Environment_Effects 3.7.2.3 Environments (Effects) 10/18/2016

Truth Models Requirements Document

(Environments - Effects)

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT D. Distribution authorized to the Department of Defense and U.S. DoD contractors only (Administrative or Operatiional Use) (16

December 2015). Other requests shall be referred to (MDA DE/S ESP Core Truth Models Lead).

SRD # Shall Statement

3.7.2.3 Truth Interactions (Environments Effects)

3.7.2.3.1 EO / IR Propagation

3.7.2.3.1.1 Terrestrial Background Effects

3.7.2.3.1.1.1 The M&S System shall model the effect of terrestrial background on the EO / IR scene of a physical object .

3.7.2.3.1.1.2

The M&S System shall provide the capability to model the effect that the terrestrial thermal integrated in-band emitted radiation background has on the EO

/ IR signature of a physical object.

3.7.2.3.1.1.3

The M&S System shall provide the capability to model the effect that the terrestrial reflection of an integrated in-band solar irradiance has on the EO / IR signature of a physical object.

3.7.2.3.1.1.4 Terrestrial background effect shall provide integrated in-band radiance to the sensor.

3.7.2.3.1.2 Earthshine Effects

3.7.2.3.1.2.1 The M&S System shall have the capability to represent the effect of earthshine on EO / IR signatures.

3.7.2.3.1.2.2 Earthshine effect shall provide an integrated in-band flux at the location of the physical object.

3.7.2.3.1.2.2.1 Earthshine effect shall be included in the self-emitted signature component of the physical object.

3.7.2.3.1.2.2.2 Earthshine effect shall be included in the reflected signature component of the physical object.

3.7.2.3.1.3 Atmospheric Attenuation

3.7.2.3.1.3.1 The M&S System shall provide the capability to model the effect of atmospheric absorption on the EO / IR signature on a physical object.

3.7.2.3.1.3.2 The M&S System shall provide the capability to model the effect of atmospheric scattering on the EO / IR signature on a physical object.

3.7.2.3.1.3.3 The M&S System shall account for atmospheric constituents in the troposphere when modeling absorption and re-emission of EO / IR signals .

3.7.2.3.1.3.4 Atmospheric attenuation / emission effect shall account for an integrated in-band transmittance to the sensor.

3.7.2.3.1.3.5 Atmospheric attenuation / emission effect shall provide integrated in-band radiance to the sensor .

3.7.2.3.1.3.5.1

Atmospheric Attenuation requires atmospheric state conditions from 3.7.2.2.1.2.1 Standard Atmosphere and constituent data from 3.7.2.2.1.2.9 Atmospheric

Constituents.

3.7.2.3.1.4 Cloud Background Effects

3.7.2.3.1.4.1

The M&S System shall provide the capability to model the effect that the cloud thermal integrated in-band emitted radiation background has on the EO / IR signature of a physical object.

3.7.2.3.1.4.2

The M&S System shall provide the capability to model the effect that the cloud reflection of integrated in-band solar irradiance has on the EO / IR signature of a physical object.

3.7.2.3.1.4.3

The M&S System shall provide the capability to model the effect that the cloud thermal integrated in-band emitted radiation background has on the EO / IR signature of a physical object .

3.7.2.3.1.4.4 The M&S System shall model the atmospheric extinction of the EO / IR radiation signal by clouds.

3.7.2.3.1.4.4.1 Cloud Background effects requires data from 3.7.2.2.1.2.6 Clouds and 3.7.2.2.1.2.7 Cloudshine.

3.7.2.3.1.4.3.3 Cloud background effect shall provide integrated in-band radiance to the sensor .

3.7.2.3.1.5 Cloudshine Effects

3.7.2.3.1.5.1 The M&S System shall have the capability to represent the effect of cloudshine on EO / IR signatures.

3.7.2.3.1.5.2 Cloudshine effect shall provide an integrated in-band flux at the location of the physical object.

3.7.2.3.1.5.2.1 Cloudshine effect shall contribute to the self-emitted signature component of the physical object.

3.7.2.3.1.5.2.2 Cloudsine effect shall contribute to the reflected signature component of the physical object.

3.7.2.3.1.5.2.3 Cloudshine effects requires data from 3.7.2.2.1.2.6 Clouds and 3.7.2.2.1.2.7 Cloudshine.

3.7.2.3.1.6 Skyshine Effects

3.7.2.3.1.6.1 The M&S System shall have the capability to represent the effect of skyshine on EO / IR signatures.

3.7.2.3.1.6.2 Skyshine effect shall provide an integrated in-band flux at the location of the physical object.

3.7.2.3.1.6.2.1 Skyshine effect shall contribute to the self-emitted signature component of the physical object.

3.7.2.3.1.6.2.2 Skyshine effect shall contribute to the reflected signature component of the physical object. 1 javascript:collapseD.slideit() javascript:collapseD.slideit()

Truth-Requirements-Document--2015.12.31--1200_3.7.2.3_Environment_Effects 3.7.2.3 Environments (Effects) 10/18/2016 SRD # Shall Statement

3.7.2.3.1.6.2.3 Skyshine Effects requires data from 3.7.2.2.1.2.11 Skyshine.

3.7.2.3.1.7 Moonshine Effects

3.7.2.3.1.7.1 The M&S System shall have the capability to represent the effect of moonshine on EO / IR signatures.

3.7.2.3.1.7.2 Moonshine effect shall provide an integrated in-band flux at the location of the physical object.

3.7.2.3.1.7.2.1 Moonshine Effects requires data from 3.7.2.2.1.4.1 Moonshine.

3.7.2.3.1.8 Sunshine Effects

3.7.2.3.1.8.1 The M&S System shall have the capability to represent the effect of direct and scattered (diffuse) solar radiation on EO / IR signatures of physical objects.

3.7.2.3.1.8.2 Sunshine effect shall provide an integrated in-band direct solar radiation flux at the location of the physical object.

3.7.2.3.1.8.3 Sunshine effect shall provide an integrated in-band diffuse solar radiation flux at the location of the physical object.

3.7.2.3.1.8.3.1 Sunshine effects requires data from 3.7.2.2.1.3.1 Sunshine.

3.7.2.3.1.9 Earth Limb Effects

3.7.2.3.1.9.1 The M&S System shall have the capability to represent the effect of direct and scattered (diffuse) solar radiation on EO / IR signatures .

3.7.2.3.1.9.2 Earth limb effect shall provide integrated in-band radiance to the sensor.

3.7.2.3.1.9.2 Earth Limb Effects requires data from 3.7.2.2.1.2.1. Standard Atmosphere and 3.7.2.2.1.2.9 Atmospheric Constituents,

3.7.2.3.1.10 Nuclear High Altitude Burst Effects

3.7.2.3.1.11 Celestial Background Effects

3.7.2.3.1.11.1 The M&S System shall have the capability to model the positions and EO / IR signatures of stars in the field of view of EO / IR sensors .

3.7.2.3.1.11.2 The M&S System shall have the capability to model the position and EO / IR signatures of the major planets in the field of view of EO / IR sensors .

3.7.2.3.1.11.3 Celestial background effect shall provide coordinates of the stars and planets as a function of time to the sensor .

3.7.2.3.1.11.4 Celestial background effect shall provide an integrated in-band irradiance of the stars and planets to the sensor .

3.7.2.3.1.11.5 Celestial background effect shall provide location of the moon to the sensor.

3.7.2.3.1.11.6 Celestial background effect shall provide an integrated in-band radiance of the moon to the sensor .

3.7.2.3.1.11.7 Celestial background effect shall provide the location of the sun relative to the sensor .

3.7.2.3.1.12 Aurora Effects

3.7.2.3.1.12.1 The M&S System shall include the background effects on the EO / IR signature propagation due to the aurora environment.

3.7.2.3.1.12.1.1 Aurora effect shall provide spectral radiance to the sensor.

3.7.2.3.1.12.1.2 Aurora effects requires data from 3.7.2.2.1.2.14 Aurora and 3.7.2.2.1.2.15 Ionospheric State.

3.7.2.3.1.13 Attenuation Scattering Due to Chuff

3.7.2.3.2 RF Propagation

3.7.2.3.2.1

The M&S System shall represent RF propagation using SI units, to include SI base units, SI units, non-SI units accepted for use with SI and SI radiometric units.

3.7.2.3.2.1.1 Ice / Freezing Rain Effects on Radar

3.7.2.3.2.1.2 Ground / Sea Clutter Effects on Radar

3.7.2.3.2.1.2.1 The M&S System shall account for returns from ground clutter when modeling propagation of RF signals.

3.7.2.3.2.1.2.2 The M&S System shall account for returns from sea clutter when modeling propagation of RF signals.

3.7.2.3.2.1.2.3

The M&S System shall account for the clutter effect of tropospheric boundary layer winds on terrain features and sea state when modeling propagation of

RF signals.

3.7.2.3.2.1.2.4 Ground / sea clutter effect shall provide RF signal parameter values to be applied as an input to the sensor.

3.7.2.3.2.1.3 RF Lens Loss

3.7.2.3.2.1.3.1 The M&S System shall represent the effects of RF lens loss on RF propagation.

3.7.2.3.2.1.3.1.1 RF Lens Loss shall use data from 3.7.2.2.1.2.1 Standard Atmosphere as atmospheric state conditions when calculating refractive values for RF Lens Loss.

3.7.2.3.2.1.3.2 The M&S System shall model RF lens loss as a function of the range to the target.

3.7.2.3.2.1.3.3 The M&S System shall model RF lens loss as a function of the apparent elevation of the target.

3.7.2.3.2.1.3.4 The M&S System shall model RF lens loss as affected by antenna height.

3.7.2.3.2.1.3.5 RF lens loss effect shall provide an RF signal attenuation value to be applied as an input to the sensor.

3.7.2.3.2.1.4 Multipath Effects

3.7.2.3.2.1.4.1 The M&S System shall model the effect of multipath propagation on RF signals.

3.7.2.3.2.1.4.2 The M&S System shall account for reflections due to terrain features when representing multipath effects.

3.7.2.3.2.1.4.2.1 Multipath Effects shall use data from 3.7.2.2.1.1.3 Terrain to define the terrain features for Multipath Effects.2

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3.7.2.3.2.1.4.3 The M&S System shall account for reflections due to sea state when representing multipath effects.

3.7.2.3.2.1.4.3.1 Multipath Effects shall use the same sea state reference as 3.7.2.2.1.1.5 Sea Wave Turbulence.

3.7.2.3.2.1.4.4

The M&S System shall account for the multipath effect of tropospheric boundary layer winds on terrain features and sea state during propagation of RF signals.

3.7.2.3.2.1.4.5 Multipath effect shall provide a time-dependent elevation refraction angle value to be applied as an input to the sensor.

3.7.2.3.2.1.5 Blowing Sand / Dust Effects

3.7.2.3.2.1.6 Clear Air Attenuation Absorption

3.7.2.3.2.1.6.1

The M&S System shall model clear air attenuation absorption from sea level to the edge of the atmosphere as affected by the outputs of the atmospheric profile.

3.7.2.3.2.1.6.1.1 Clear Air Attenuation Absorption shall use data from 3.7.2.2.1.2.1 Standard Atmosphere as atmospheric profile definition.

3.7.2.3.2.1.6.2 The Tropospheric Model shall provide frequency dependent one-way clear air attenuation loss associated with tropospheric absorption.

3.7.2.3.2.1.6.3 The Tropospheric Model shall provide frequency dependent one-way Clear Air attenuation loss associated with tropospheric scattering.

3.7.2.3.2.1.6.4 The M&S System shall apply the frequency dependent Atmospheric Attenuation losses associated with tropospheric absorption as an input to the Sensor.

3.7.2.3.2.1.6.5 The M&S System shall apply the frequency dependent Atmospheric Attenuation losses associated with tropospheric scattering as an input to the Sensor.

3.7.2.3.2.1.6.6

The M&S System shall account for atmospheric constituents in the troposphere when modeling absorption of energy from the RF electromagnetic waves and attenuation of the RF beam.

3.7.2.3.2.1.6.6.1 Clear Air Attenuation Absorption shall use data from 3.7.2.2.1.2.9 Atmospheric Constituents.

3.7.2.3.2.1.6.7 Clear air attenuation absorption effect shall provide an RF signal attenuation value to be applied as an input to the sensor.

3.7.2.3.2.1.7 Tropospheric Scintillation

3.7.2.3.2.1.7.1 The Tropospheric Model shall provide values for tropospheric scintillation as a function of tropospheric properties .

3.7.2.3.2.1.7.2 The Tropospheric Model shall account for atmospheric constituents when modeling tropospheric scintillation.

3.7.2.3.2.1.7.2.1 Tropospheric Scintillation shall use data from 3.7.2.2.1.2.9 Atmospheric Constituents.

3.7.2.3.2.1.7.3 Tropospheric scintillation effect shall provide a RF signal tropospheric scintillation output to be applied as an input to the sensor .

3.7.2.3.2.1.8 Tropospheric Refraction

3.7.2.3.2.1.8.1 The M&S System shall model tropospheric refraction from sea level to the edge of the atmosphere as affected by the outputs of the atmospheric profile.

3.7.2.3.2.1.8.1.1 Tropospheric Refraction shall use data from 3.7.2.2.1.2.1 Standard Atmosphere as atmospheric profile definition.

3.7.2.3.2.1.8.2 The tropospheric refraction model shall account for atmospheric constituents when modeling tropospheric refraction.

3.7.2.3.2.1.8.2.1 Tropospheric Refraction shall use data from 3.7.2.2.1.2.9 Atmospheric Constituents.

3.7.2.3.2.1.8.3 Tropospheric refraction effect shall provide an elevation refraction angle value to be applied as an input to the sensor.

3.7.2.3.2.1.9 Tropospheric Ducting

3.7.2.3.2.1.9.1

The tropospheric ducting effect shall have the capability of estimating index of refraction as a function of frequency from the temperature and dew point atmospheric conditions at a location.

3.7.2.3.2.1.9.2

The tropospheric ducting effect shall have the capability of estimating propagation loss accounting for frequency from the temperature and dew point atmospheric conditions at a given location.

3.7.2.3.2.1.9.3 The tropospheric ducting effect shall have the capability to adjust the signal loss due to the change in path loss as a result of tropospheric ducting.

3.7.2.3.2.1.9.4

The tropospheric ducting effect shall have the capability of estimating index of refraction accounting for frequency from the temperature and dew point atmospheric conditions at a location .

3.7.2.3.2.1.9.5 Tropospheric ducting effect shall have the capability to provide false detections to the sensor.

3.7.2.3.2.1.10 Hydrometeorological Losses

3.7.2.3.2.1.10.1 The M&S System shall represent the attenuation of the RF signal as a result of rain based on the initialization parameters for rainfall rates.

3.7.2.3.2.1.10.1.1 Hydrometeorological Losses shall use rain parameters produced by 3.7.2.2.1.2.4 Rain.

3.7.2.3.2.1.10.2 The M&S System shall have the capability to confine to user-defined areas the attenuation of an RF signal by rain.

3.7.2.3.2.1.10.3 The M&S System shall represent the attenuation of an RF signal based on the path it travels through rain.

3.7.2.3.2.1.10.4 The M&S System shall represent the attenuation of an RF signal due to rain as a function of the frequency of the measuring sensor.

3.7.2.3.2.1.10.5 The M&S System shall represent the attenuation of an RF signal due to rain as a function of the polarization of measuring sensor.

3.7.2.3.2.1.10.6 The M&S System shall represent the attenuation of an RF signal due to rain as a function of the distance through rain from target to sensor .

3.7.2.3.2.1.10.7 The sky noise temperature shall be increased in the presence of rain .

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3.7.2.3.2.1.10.8 The M&S System shall represent the attenuation of an RF signal by clouds as a function of the average total liquid water content in the cloud.

3.7.2.3.2.1.10.9 The M&S System shall represent the attenuation of an RF signal by clouds as a function of the dielectric permittivity of water.

3.7.2.3.2.1.10.10 The M&S System shall represent the attenuation of an RF signal by clouds as a function of the frequency of the measuring sensor.

3.7.2.3.2.1.10.11 The M&S System shall represent the attenuation of an RF signal by clouds as a function of the temperature of the surrounding atmosphere.

3.7.2.3.2.1.10.12 The M&S System shall represent the total liquid water content in the cloud as a function of cloud type.

3.7.2.3.2.1.10.13 Hydrometeorological effect due to rain shall provide an RF signal attenuation value to be applied as an input to the sensor.

3.7.2.3.2.1.10.14 Hydrometeorological effect due to clouds shall provide RF signal attenuation value to be applied as an input to the sensor.

3.7.2.3.2.1.11 Ionospheric Scintillation

3.7.2.3.2.1.11.1 The M&S System shall model ionospheric scintillation as a function of sensor location as affected by the outputs of the ionospheric state.

3.7.2.3.2.1.11.1.1 Ionospheric Scintillation shall use ionospheric state data from 3.7.2.2.1.2.15 Ionospheric State.

3.7.2.3.2.1.11.2 The Ionospheric scintillation model shall account for sensor location in solar activity and for high geomagnetic disturbance conditions.

3.7.2.3.2.1.11.3 The Ionospheric scintillation model shall account for sensor location in a non-auroral atmosphere for magnetically quiet conditions.

3.7.2.3.2.1.11.4 Ionospheric scintillation effect shall provide an RF signal attenuation value to be applied as an input to the sensor .

3.7.2.3.2.1.12 Ionospheric Loss

3.7.2.3.2.1.12.1 The M&S System shall model ionospheric loss as a function of sensor location as affected by the outputs of the ionospheric state.

3.7.2.3.2.1.12.1.1 Ionospheric Loss shall use ionospheric state data from 3.7.2.2.1.2.15 Ionospheric State.

3.7.2.3.2.1.12.2

The Ionospheric Loss Model shall account for sensor frequency and location, and time and date in a non-auroral atmosphere for magnetically quiet conditions.

3.7.2.3.2.1.12.3 The Ionosphere Model shall account for decorrelation time.

3.7.2.3.2.1.12.4 The Ionosphere Model shall account for decorrelation distance.

3.7.2.3.2.1.12.5 The Ionosphere Model shall account for Faraday Loss.

3.7.2.3.2.1.12.6 Ionospheric loss effect shall provide an RF signal attenuation value to be applied as an input to the sensor.

3.7.2.3.2.1.13 Ionosphere Range Delay

3.7.2.3.2.1.13.1 The M&S System shall model Ionosphere Range as a function of sensor frequency, location, time and date.

3.7.2.3.2.1.13.2 The Ionosphere Range Model shall account for sensor frequency, location, time and date in solar activity and for high geomagnetic disturbance conditions.

3.7.2.3.2.1.13.3 The Ionosphere Range Model shall account for sensor frequency, location, time and date in a non-auroral atmosphere for magnetically quiet conditions.

3.7.2.3.2.1.13.4 Ionospheric range delay effect shall provide a range delay value to be applied as an input to the sensor.

3.7.2.3.2.1.14 Aurora Effects

3.7.2.3.2.1.14.1 The M&S System shall represent the effect of the change in electron density due to the aurora environment on the RF signature propagation.

3.7.2.3.2.1.14.2 Aurora effect shall provide a static noise signal output to be applied as an input to the sensor.

3.7.2.3.2.1.15 Solar Noise Effects

3.7.2.3.2.1.15.1 The M&S System shall represent the solar noise contribution to the total noise signal as a function of the provided sensor frequency and bandwidth.

3.7.2.3.2.1.15.2 The M&S System shall represent the solar noise contribution to the total noise signal .

3.7.2.3.2.1.15.3 The Solar Noise Model shall provide values for thermal noise produced from the sun as a function of the solar radius.

3.7.2.3.2.1.15.4 The Solar Noise Model shall provide values for thermal noise produced from the sun as a function of LOS proximity to the sun location.

3.7.2.3.2.1.16 Nuclear High Altitude Effects

3.7.2.3.2.1.17 Attenuation / Scattering Due to Chuff

3.7.2.3.2.1.18 Sky Noise

3.7.2.3.2.1.18.1 The M&S System shall represent the sky noise contribution to the total noise signal as a function of the specified sensor frequency and bandwidth.

3.7.2.3.2.1.18.1.1 Sky Noise shall represent the effects of 3.7.2.2.1.2.16 Sky Noise.

3.7.2.3.2.1.18.2 Sky noise effect shall provide a sky noise signal output to be applied as an input to the sensor.

3.7.2.3.3 Aerodynamic Propagation

3.7.2.3.3.1 Aerodynamic / Body Interactions

3.7.2.3.3.1.1

The M&S System shall model physical object propagation from sea level to the edge of the atmosphere in altitude as affected by density from the atmospheric model .

3.7.2.3.3.1.1.1 Aerodynamic / Body Interactions shall use atmospheric state data from 3.7.2.2.1.2.1 Standard Atmosphere.

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3.7.2.3.3.1.2 The M&S System shall model the contributions to the movement of a physical object through the atmosphere due to aerodynamic forces that produce lift.

3.7.2.3.3.1.3 The M&S System shall model the contributions to the movement of a physical object through the atmosphere due to aerodynamic forces that produce drag.

3.7.2.3.3.1.4 The M&S System shall model the contributions to the movement of a physical object through the atmosphere due to gravity.

3.7.2.3.3.1.4.1 Aerodynamic / Body Interactions shall use gravity data from 3.7.2.2.1.1.2 Gravity.

3.7.2.3.3.2 Aerothermal Demise

3.7.2.3.3.2.1 The M&S System shall model the effects of aerodynamic heating of the surface of the physical objects as they propagate through the atmosphere.

3.7.2.3.3.2.2 The M&S System shall model the effects of radiative cooling of the surface of the physical objects as they dissipate heat upon leaving the atmosphere .

3.7.2.3.3.2.3 The M&S System shall model the effects of aerodynamic heating on the surface of the physical objects as they reenter the atmosphere.