Final 23 05 00 Basic HVAC Materials and Methods.pdf

OFFUTT AIR FORCE BASE

(092036) 23 05 00-1 (Repair AHU O-Club, B462)

2010 by FEI

SECTION 23 05 00

BASIC HVAC MATERIALS AND METHODS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes the following basic mechanical materials and methods.

1. Piping materials and installation instructions common to most piping systems.

a. Valves:

(1) Gate

(2) Ball

(3) Plug

(4) Butterfly

(5) Check

b. Piping Specialties:

(1) Pipeline strainers

(2) Pipe sleeves

(3) Dielectric unions

c. Meters and gauges:

(1) Glass thermometers

(2) Pressure gauges

d. Supports and anchors:

(1) Horizontal-piping hangers and supports

(2) Saddles and shields

2. Mechanical identification.

3. Vibration control:

a. Spring isolators

4. Nonshrink grout for equipment installations.

5. Joint sealers for sealing around mechanical materials and equipment; and for sealing penetrations in fire and smoke barriers, floors, and foundation walls.

6. Installation requirements common to piping and equipment specification Sections.

7. Concrete equipment base construction requirements.

8. Mechanical demolition.

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9. Cutting and patching.

10. Piping tests.

B. Pipe and pipe fitting materials are specified in piping system Sections.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

A. Pipe, pipe fittings, and piping include tube, tube fittings, and tubing.

B. Finished Spaces: Spaces other than mechanical and electrical equipment rooms, furred spaces, pipe and duct shafts, unheated spaces immediately below the roof, spaces above ceilings, unexcavated spaces, crawl spaces, and tunnels.

C. Exposed Interior Installations: Exposed to view indoors. Examples include finished occupied spaces and mechanical equipment rooms.

D. Concealed Interior Installations: Concealed from view and protected from physical contact by building occupants. Examples include above ceilings and in duct shafts.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. General: Submit the following according to the Conditions of the Contract.

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Qualify welding processes and operators for structural steel according to AWS D1.1 "Structural

Welding Code Steel."

B. MSS Compliance: Mark valves in accordance with MSS-25 "Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings, Flanges and Unions."

C. ANSI Compliance: For face-to-face and end-to-end dimensions of flanged- or welded-end valve bodies, comply with ANSI B16.10 "Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Ferrous Valves."

D. FCI Compliance: Test and rate Y-type strainers in accordance with FCI 73-I "Pressure Rating

Standard for Y-type strainers". Test and rate other type strainers in accordance with FCI 78-1

"Pressure Rating Standard for Pipeline Strainers Other than Y-type".

E. UL and FM Compliance: Provide meters, gauges, and supports which are UL-listed and FM approved.

F. MSS Standard Compliance: Provide pipe hangers and supports of which materials, design, and manufacture comply with MSS SP-58.

G. ASME A13.1 for lettering size, length of color field, colors, and viewing angles of identification devices.

H. Equipment Selection: Equipment of greater or larger power, dimensions, capacities, and ratings may be furnished provided such proposed equipment is approved in writing and connecting mechanical and electrical services, circuit breakers, conduit, motors, bases, and equipment spaces are increased. No additional costs will be approved for these increases, if larger equipment is approved. If minimum energy ratings or efficiencies of the equipment are specified, the equipment must meet the design requirements and commissioning requirements.

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1.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

A. Deliver pipes and tubes with factory-applied end-caps. Maintain end-caps through shipping, storage, and handling to prevent pipe-end damage and prevent entrance of dirt, debris, and moisture.

B. Protect stored pipes and tubes from moisture and dirt. Elevate above grade. When stored inside, do not exceed structural capacity of the floor.

C. Protect flanges, fittings, and piping specialties from moisture and dirt.

D. Protect stored plastic pipes from direct sunlight. Support to prevent sagging and bending.

1.6 SEQUENCING AND SCHEDULING

A. Coordinate mechanical equipment installation with other building components.

B. Arrange for chases, slots, and openings in building structure during progress of construction to allow for mechanical installations.

C. Coordinate the installation of required supporting devices and set sleeves in poured-in-place concrete and other structural components as they are constructed.

D. Sequence, coordinate, and integrate installations of mechanical materials and equipment for efficient flow of the Work. Coordinate installation of large equipment requiring positioning prior to closing in the building.

E. Coordinate connection of electrical services.

F. Coordinate connection of mechanical systems with existing utilities and services. Comply with requirements of governing regulations, franchised service companies, and controlling agencies.

G. Coordinate requirements for access panels and doors where mechanical items requiring access are concealed behind finished surfaces.

1.7 PROJECT CONDITIONS

A. Conditions Affecting Selective Demolition: The following project conditions apply:

1. Protect adjacent materials indicated to remain. Install and maintain dust and noise barriers to keep dirt, dust, and noise from being transmitted to adjacent areas. Remove protection and barriers after demolition operations are complete.

2. Locate, identify, and protect mechanical services passing through demolition area and serving other areas outside the demolition limits. Maintain services to areas outside demolition limits.

When services must be interrupted, install temporary services for affected areas.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 PIPE AND PIPE FITTINGS

A. Refer to individual piping system specification Sections for pipe and fitting materials and joining methods.

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B. Pipe Threads: ASME B1.20.1 for factory-threaded pipe and pipe fittings.

2.2 JOINING MATERIALS

A. Pipe Flange Gasket Materials: Suitable for the chemical and thermal conditions of the piping system contents.

1. ASME B16.21, nonmetallic, flat, asbestos-free, 1/8-inch (3mm) maximum thickness, except where thickness or specific material is indicated.

a. Full-Face Type: For flat-face, Class 125 cast-iron and cast-bronze flanges.

b. Narrow-Face Type: For raised-face, Class 250 cast-iron and steel flanges.

2. ASME B16.20 for grooved, ring-joint, steel flanges.

3. AWWA C110, rubber, flat face, 1/8-inch (3mm) thick, except where other thickness is indicated; and full-face or ring type, except where type is indicated.

B. Flange Bolts and Nuts: ASME B18.2.1, carbon steel, except where other material is indicated.

C. Solder Filler Metal: ASTM B 32.

1. Alloy Sn95 or Alloy Sn94: Tin (approximately 95%) and silver (approximately 5%), having

0.10% lead content.

D. Flanged, Ductile-Iron Pipe Gasket, Bolts, and Nuts: AWWA C110, rubber gasket, carbon steel bolts and nuts.

E. Couplings: Iron body sleeve assembly, fabricated to match outside diameters of plain-end pressure pipes.

1. Sleeve: ASTM A126, Class B, gray iron.

2. Followers: ASTM A 47 (ASTM A 47M), Grade 32510 or ASTM A 536 ductile iron.

3. Gaskets: Rubber.

4. Bolts and Nuts: AWWA C111.

5. Finish: Enamel paint.

2.3 PIPING SPECIALTIES

A. Low Pressure Pipeline Strainers:

1. General: Provide strainers full line size of connecting piping, with ends matching piping system materials. Select strainers for 125 PSI working pressure, with Type 304 stainless steel screens, with 3/64-inch perforations at 233 per square inch.

2. Threaded Ends, 2-inches and Smaller: Cast-iron body, screwed screen retainer with centered blowdown fitted with pipe plug.

3. Threaded Ends, 2-1/2-inches and Larger: Cast-iron body, bolted screen retainer with off-center blowdown fitted with pipe plug.

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4. Flanged Ends, 2-1/2-inches and Larger: Cast-iron body, bolted screen retainer with off-center blowdown fitted with pipe plug.

5. Butt Welded Ends, 2-1/2-inches and Larger: Schedule 40 cast carbon steel body, bolted screen retainer with off-center blowdown fitted with pipe plug.

6. Grooved Ends, 2-1/2-inches and Larger: Tee pattern, ductile-iron or malleable-iron body and access end cap, access coupling with EDPM gasket.

B. Dielectric Fittings: Assembly or fitting having insulating material isolating joined dissimilar metals to prevent galvanic action and stop corrosion.

1. Description: Combination of copper alloy and ferrous; threaded, solder, plain, and weld neck end types and matching piping system materials.

2. Insulating Material: Suitable for system fluid, pressure, and temperature.

3. Dielectric Unions: Factory-fabricated, union assembly for 250 PSIG (1725 kPa) minimum working pressure at a 180F (82C) temperature.

4. Dielectric Flanges: Factory-fabricated, companion-flange assembly for 150 or 300 PSIG

(1035 kPa or 2070 kPa) minimum pressure to suit system pressures.

5. Dielectric-Flange Insulation Kits: Field-assembled, companion-flange assembly, full-face or ring type. Components include neoprene or phenolic gasket, phenolic or polyethylene bolt sleeves, phenolic washers, and steel backing washers.

a. Provide separate companion flanges and steel bolts and nuts for 150 or 300 PSIG

(1035 kPa or 2070 kPa) minimum working pressure to suit system pressures.

6. Dielectric Couplings: Galvanized-steel coupling, having inert and noncorrosive, thermoplastic lining, with threaded ends and 300 PSIG (2070 kPa) minimum working pressure at 225F

(107C) temperature.

7. Dielectric Nipples: Electroplated steel nipple, having inert and noncorrosive thermoplastic lining, with combination of plain, threaded, or grooved end types and 300 PSIG (2070 kPa) working pressure at 225F (107C) temperature.

2.4 VALVES

A. General: Provide factory-fabricated valves recommended by Manufacturer for use in service indicated.

Provide valves of types and pressure ratings indicated; provide proper selection as determined by

Installer to comply with Installation requirements. Provide end connections which properly mate with pipe, tube, and equipment connections. Where more than one type is indicated, selection is Installer's option.

B. Gate Valves: Comply with the following requirements:

1. Gate Valves - 2-Inches and Smaller: MSS SP-80; Class 125, body and bonnet of ASTM B 62 cast bronze, threaded or solder ends, solid disc, copper-silicon alloy stem, brass packing gland, "Teflon" impregnated packing, and malleable iron handwheel. Class 150 valves meeting the above shall be used where pressure requires.

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2. Gate Valves - 2-Inches and Smaller: MSS SP-80; Class 150, body and union bonnet as

ASTM B 62 cast bronze, threaded or solder ends, solid disc, copper-silicon alloy stem, brass packing gland, "Teflon" impregnated packing, and malleable iron handwheel. Do not use solder end valves for hot water heating or steam piping applications.

3. Gate Valves - 2-1/2-Inches and Larger: MSS SP-70; Class 125 iron body, bronze mounted, with body and bonnet conforming to ASTM A 126 Class B, flanged ends, and "Teflon" impregnated packing and two-piece backing gland assembly.

C. Ball Valves: Comply with the following requirements:

1. Ball valves - 1-inch and Smaller: Rated for 150 PSI SWP pressure, 600 PSI non-shock WOG pressure; 2-piece construction, bronze body conforming to ASTM B 584 or B61, full port, 316 stainless steel ball, reinforced "Teflon" or "TFE" seats and seals, blowout proof stem, and vinyl-covered steel handle. Provide extended solder ends for condenser water, chilled water, and domestic hot and cold water service; full depth ANSI threaded ends for heating hot water and low pressure steam. Provide 2-inch extended handles of non-thermal conductive material.

Valve pressure ratings shall be cast into the body of the valve.

2. Ball Valves - 1-1/4-Inches to 2-Inches: Rated for 150 PSI SWP pressure, 600 PSI non-shock

WOG pressure; 2-piece construction, bronze body conforming to ASTM B 584 or B61, full port, 316 stainless steel ball, reinforced and replaceable "Teflon" or "TFE" seats and seals, blowout proof stem, and vinyl-covered steel handle. Provide extended solder ends for condenser water, chilled water, and domestic hot and cold water service; full-depth ANSI threaded ends for heating hot water and low pressure steam. Provide 2-inch extended handles of non-thermal conductive material. Valve pressure ratings shall be cast into the body of the valve.

D. Plug Valves: Comply with the following requirements:

1. Plug Valves - 2-Inches and Smaller: 150 PSI WOG, bronze body, straightaway pattern, square head, threaded ends.

2. Plug Valves - 2-1/2-Inches and Larger: MSS SP-78; 175 PSI WOG, lubricated plug type, semi-steel body, single gland, wrench operated, flanged ends.

E. Butterfly Valves: Comply with the following requirements:

1. Butterfly Valves - 2-1/2-Inches and Larger: MSS SP-67; 200 non-shock PSI, cast iron body conforming to ASTM A 126, Class B. Valves shall have field replaceable EPDM sleeve, with aluminum bronze disc, 400 Series stainless steel stem, and EPDM O-ring stem seals. Sizes

2-1/2-inch through 6-inches shall have 10-position lever operators with locks, and sizes 8-inch through 24-inch shall have gear operators with position indicator. Provide wafer type valve.

Drill and tap valves on dead-end service or requiring additional body strength. Valve shall be capable of bi-directional dead end service with downstream flange removed at full-rated pressure.

F. Check Valves: Comply with the following requirements:

1. Swing Check Valves - 2-Inches and Smaller: MSS SP-80; Class 125, cast bronze body and cap conforming to ASTM B 62, horizontal swing, Y-pattern, with a bronze disc, and having threaded or solder ends. Valve shall be capable of being reground while the valve remains in the line. Class 150 valves meeting the above specifications may be used with threaded end connections where pressure requires or Class 125 valves are not available.

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2. Swing Check Valves - 2-1/2-Inches and Larger: MSS SP-71; Class 125 (Class 175 FM approved for fire protection piping systems), cast iron body and bolted cap conforming to

ASTM A 126, Class B; horizontal swing, with a bronze disc or cast iron disc with bronze disc ring, and flanged ends. Valve shall be capable of being refitted while the valve remains in the line.

3. Wafer Check Valves: Class 250, cast iron body; with replaceable bronze seat, and non-slam design lapped and balanced twin bronze flappers and stainless steel trim and torsion spring.

Valve shall be designed to open and close at approximately one foot differential pressure.

2.5 VALVE TAGS

A. Brass Valve Tags: Provide 19-gauge polished brass valve tags for all valves with stamp-engraved piping system abbreviation in 1/4-inch high letters and sequenced valve numbers 1/2-inch high, and with 5/32-inch hole for fastener.

1. Provide 1-1/2-inch diameter tags, except as otherwise indicated.

2. Fill tag engraving with black enamel.

B. Valve Tag Fasteners: Manufacturer's standard solid brass chain (wire link or beaded type), or solid brass S-hooks of the sizes required for proper attachment of tags to valves, and manufactured specifically for that purpose.

2.6 METERS AND GAUGES

A. Thermometers:

1. General: Provide thermometers of materials, capacities, and ranges indicated, designed and constructed for use in service indicated.

2. Case: Die cast aluminum finished in baked epoxy enamel or hard powder coat finish, glass or acrylic front, 9-inches long.

3. Adjustable Joint: Die cast aluminum, finished to match case, 180 adjustment in vertical plane, 360 adjustment in horizontal plane, with locking device.

4. Tube and Capillary: Blue organic-liquid filled, magnifying lens, ±1 scale division accuracy, shock mounted.

5. Scale: Satin faced, non-reflective white aluminum, permanently etched black markings.

6. Stem: Copper-plated steel, brass or die-cast aluminum, for separable socket, length to suit installation.

7. Thermometer Wells: Provide thermometer wells constructed of brass or stainless steel, pressure rated to match piping system design pressure. Provide 2-inch extension for insulated piping. Provide cap fastened to well when used in a non-permanent thermometer location.

8. Thermometer wells shall be installed at each thermometer and at each point where a temperature sensing device is required by the control specifications.

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9. Range: Conform to the following:

a. Hot Water: 30 o F to 240 o F with 2 o F scale divisions.

b. Chilled Water: 0 o F to 100 o F with 1

F scale divisions.

10. Acceptable Manufacturers:

a. Marsh Gauges.

b. Moeller Instruments.

c. Miljoco Corporation.

d. Weiss Instruments.

B. Pressure Gauges:

1. General: Provide pressure gauges of materials, capacities, and ranges indicated, designed and constructed for use in service indicated.

2. Type: General use, ±1% accuracy, ANSI B 40.1 Grade 1A, phosphor bronze bourdon type, bottom connection.

3. Case: Stainless steel, glass or acrylic lens, 4-1/2-inch diameter.

4. Connector: Brass, lower mount with 1/4-inch male NPT.

5. Scale: White coated aluminum, with permanently etched black markings.

6. Accessories:

a. Provide protective coil siphon when used for steam service.

b. Provide each gauge with a shut-off needle valve.

c. Provide pressure snubber where spikes may be present.

7. Range: Conform to the following:

a. Vacuum: 30-inch Hg - 15 PSI.

b. Water: 0-100 PSI.

c. Steam: 0-200 PSI.

8. Acceptable Manufacturers:

a. Marsh Gauges.

b. Moeller Instruments.

c. Miljoco Corporation.

d. Weiss Instruments.

2.7 SUPPORTS AND ANCHORS

A. Horizontal-Piping Hangers and Supports:

1. General: Except as otherwise indicated, provide factory- fabricated horizontal-piping hangers and supports complying with MSS SP-58, of one (1) of the following MSS types listed, selected by Installer to suit horizontal-piping systems, in accordance with MSS SP-69 and manufacturer's published product information. Use only one (1) type by one (1) manufacturer

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Provide copper-plated hangers and supports for copper-piping systems.

2. Adjustable Steel Clevis Hangers: MSS Type 1.

3. Yoke Type Pipe Clamps: MSS Type 2.

4. Steel Double Bolt Pipe Clamps: MSS Type 3.

5. Steel Pipe Clamps: MSS Type 4.

6. Pipe Hangers: MSS Type 5.

7. Trapeze type with horizontal angle iron.

B. Saddles and Shields:

1. General: Except as otherwise indicated, provide saddles or shields under piping hangers and supports, factory-fabricated, for all insulated piping. Size saddles and shields for exact fit to mate with pipe insulation.

2. Protection Saddles: MSS Type 39; fill interior voids with segments of insulation matching adjoining insulation.

3. Protection Shields: MSS Type 40; of length recommended by manufacturer to prevent crushing of insulation.

4. Thermal Hanger Shields: Constructed of 360 degree insert of high density, 100 PSI, water-proofed calcium silicate, encased in 360 degree sheet metal shield. Provide assembly of same thickness as adjoining insulation.

2.8 MECHANICAL IDENTIFICATION

A. Equipment Markers:

1. General: Engraved, color-coded laminated plastic. Include contact-type, permanent adhesive or fasteners to mount on equipment.

2. Terminology: Match drawing schedules as closely as possible unless directed otherwise by

Owner.

3. Data Required:

a. Equipment Description, i.e. Chilled Water Pump.

b. Schedule Mark, i.e. CWP-1.

4. Marker Size: 2-1/2- by 4-inches for main control valves; 4-1/2- by 6-inches for equipment.

B. Plastic Markers:

1. Snap-On Type: Provide manufacturer's standard pre-printed, semi-rigid snap-on, color-coded pipe markers, complying with ANSI A13.1.

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2. Small Pipes: For external diameters less than 6-inches (including insulation if any), provide full-band pipe markers, extending 360 around pipe at each location, fastened by the following method:

3. Large Pipes: For external diameters of 6-inch and larger (including insulation if any), provide either full-band or strip-type pipe markers, but not narrower than three (3) times letter height

(and of required length), fastened by one (1) of the following methods:

a. Taped to pipe (or insulation) with color-coded plastic adhesive tape, not less than 1-

1/2-inches wide, full circle at both ends of pipe marker, tape lapped 3-inches.

4. Lettering: Comply with piping system nomenclature as specified, scheduled or shown on drawings, and abbreviate only as necessary for each application length.

a. Arrows: Print each pipe marker with arrows indicating direction of flow, either integrally with piping system service lettering (to accommodate both directions), or as separate unit of plastic.

C. Plastic Tape:

1. General: Provide manufacturer's standard color-coded pressure-sensitive (self-adhesive) vinyl tape, not less than 3 MILS thick.

2. Width: Provide 1-1/2-inch wide tape markers on pipes with outside diameters (including insulation, if any) of less than 6-inches, 2-1/2-inch wide tape for larger pipes.

3. Color: Comply with ANSI A13.1, or as scheduled below:

ITEM BAND COLOR

Chilled Water Green

Heating Water Yellow

2.9 VIBRATION CONTROL

A. Spring Isolators, Free-Standing: Except as otherwise indicated, provide vibration isolation spring between top and bottom loading plates, and with pad-type isolator bonded to bottom of bottom loading plate. Include studs or cups to ensure centering of spring on plates. Include leveling bolt with lock nuts and washers, centered in top plate, arranged for leveling and anchoring supported equipment as indicated.

1. Include holes in bottom plate for bolting unit to substrate as indicated.

B. Isolation Hangers: Hanger units formed with brackets and including manufacturer's standard compression isolators of type indicated. Design brackets for three (3) times rated loading of units.

Fabricate units to accept misalignment of 15 o off center in any direction before contacting hanger box, and for use with either rod or strap type members, and including acoustical washers to prevent metal-to-metal contacts.

1. Provide vibration isolation spring with cap in lower part of hanger and rubber hanger element in top, securely retained in unit.

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2. Provide neoprene element, with minimum deflection of 0.35-inches, securely retained in hanger box.

3. Provide fiberglass pad or shape, securely retained in unit, with threaded metal top plate.

4. Provide hangers, pre-compressed to rated load to limit deflection during installation. Design so hanger may be released after full load is applied.

C. Flexible Pipe Connectors: Provide neoprene or EDPM construction consisting of multiple plies of nylon tire cord fabric and elastomer molded and cured in hydraulic rubber presses. Provide straight or elbow connector as indicated, rated at 125 PSI at 220

F.

2.10 ACCESS PANELS

A. MILCOR, Style "M" for masonry, Style A for acoustical tile, and Style K for plaster; except that Fire

Rated UL 1-1/2 hour and "B" label access panels shall be furnished in fire-rated walls and ceilings as indicated on the Drawings.

B. Access doors shall be 12-inch x 12-inch minimum size for valves and water hammer arrestors and shall be 24-inch x 36-inch for access to equipment and filters.

2.11 GROUT

A. Nonshrink, Nonmetallic Grout: ASTM C 1107, Grade B.

1. Characteristics: Post-hardening, volume-adjusting, dry, hydraulic-cement grout, non-staining, non-corrosive, non-gaseous, and recommended for interior and exterior applications.

2. Design Mix: 5000 PSI (34.50 MPa), 28 day compressive strength.

3. Packaging: Premixed and factory-packaged.

2.12 JOINT SEALERS

A. General: Joint sealers, joint fillers, and other related materials compatible with each other and with joint substrates under conditions of service and application.

B. Colors: As selected by the Architect from manufacturer's standard colors.

C. Elastomeric Joint Sealers: Provide the following types:

1. One-part, non-acid-curing, silicone sealant complying with ASTM C 920, Type S, Grade NS, Class 25, for uses in non-traffic areas for masonry, glass, aluminum, and other substrates recommended by the sealant manufacturer.

2. One-part, mildew-resistant, silicone sealant complying with ASTM C 920, Type S, Grade NS, Class 25, for uses in non-traffic areas for glass, aluminum, and non-porous joint substrates;

formulated with fungicide; intended for sealing interior joints with non-porous substrates; and subject to in-service exposure to conditions of high humidity and temperature extremes.

3. Products: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide the following:

a. One-Part, Non-acid-Curing, Silicone Sealant:

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(1) "Dow Corning 790," Dow Corning Corp. (or Equal)

b. One-Part, Mildew-Resistant, Silicone Sealant:

(1) "Dow Corning 786," Dow Corning Corp. (or Equal)

D. Acrylic-Emulsion Sealants: One-part, nonsag, mildew-resistant, paintable complying with ASTM C 834 recommended for exposed applications on interior and protected exterior locations involving joint movement of not more than plus or minus 5%.

1. Products: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide the following:

a. "Chem-Calk 600," Bostic Construction Products Div. (or Equal)

E. Fire-Resistant Joint Sealers: Two-part, foamed-in-place, silicone sealant formulated for use in through-penetration fire-stopping around cables, conduit, pipes, and duct penetrations through fire-rated walls and floors. Sealants and accessories shall have fire-resistant ratings indicated, as established by testing identical assemblies in accordance with ASTM E 814, by Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc., or other testing and inspection agency acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction.

1. Products: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide the following:

a. "Dow Corning Fire Stop Foam," Dow Corning Corp. (or Equal)

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 PIPING SYSTEMS-COMMON REQUIREMENTS

A. General: Install piping as described below, except where system Sections specify otherwise.

B. General Locations and Arrangements: Drawings (plans, schematics, and diagrams) indicate general location and arrangement of piping systems. Indicated locations and arrangements were used to size pipe and calculate friction loss, expansion, pump sizing, and other design considerations. Install piping as indicated, except where deviations to layout are approved on coordination drawings.

C. Install piping at indicated slope.

D. Install components having pressure rating equal to or greater than system operating pressure.

E. Install piping in concealed interior and exterior locations, except in equipment rooms and service areas.

F. Install piping free of sags and bends.

G. Install exposed interior and exterior piping at right angles or parallel to building walls. Diagonal runs are prohibited, except where indicated.

H. Install piping tight to slabs, beams, joists, columns, walls, and other building elements. Allow sufficient space above removable ceiling panels to allow for ceiling panel removal.

I. Install piping to allow application of insulation plus 1-inch clearance around insulation.

J. Locate groups of pipes parallel to each other, spaced to permit valve servicing.

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K. Install fittings for changes in direction and branch connections.

L. Install couplings according to manufacturer's printed instructions.

M. Sleeves are not required for core drilled holes.

N. Permanent sleeves are not required for holes formed by PE plastic (removable) sleeves.

O. Fire Barrier Penetrations: Maintain indicated fire rating of walls, partitions, ceilings, and floors at pipe penetrations. Seal pipe penetrations with firestopping sealant material.

P. Piping Joint Construction: Join pipe and fittings as follows and as specifically required in individual piping system Sections.

1. Ream ends of pipes and tubes and remove burrs. Bevel plain ends of steel pipe.

2. Remove scale, slag, dirt, and debris from inside and outside of pipe and fittings before assembly.

3. Soldered Joints: Construct joints according to AWS "Soldering Manual," Chapter 22 "The

Soldering of Pipe and Tube."

4. Threaded Joints: Thread pipe with tapered pipe threads according to ASME B1.20.1. Cut threads full and clean using sharp dies. Ream threaded pipe ends to remove burrs and restore full inside diameter. Join pipe fittings and valves as follows:

a. Note the internal length of threads in fittings or valve ends, and proximity of internal seat or wall, to determine how far pipe should be threaded into joint.

b. Apply appropriate tape or thread compound to external pipe threads (except where dry seal threading is specified).

c. Align threads at point of assembly.

d. Tighten joint with wrench. Apply wrench to valve end into which pipe is being threaded.

e. Damaged Threads: Do not use pipe or pipe fittings having threads that are corroded or damaged. Do not use pipe sections that have cracked or open welds.

5. Flanged Joints: Align flange surfaces parallel. Select appropriate gasket material, size, type, and thickness for service application. Install gasket concentrically positioned. Assemble joints by sequencing bolt tightening to make initial contact of flanges and gaskets as flat and parallel as possible. Use suitable lubricants on bolt threads. Tighten bolts gradually and uniformly using torque wrench.

Q. Piping Connections: Except as otherwise indicated, make piping connections as specified below.

1. Install unions in piping 2-inch (50mm) and smaller adjacent to each valve and at final connection to each piece of equipment having a 2-inch (50mm) or smaller threaded pipe connection.

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2. Install flanges in piping 2-1/2-inches (65mm) and larger adjacent to flanged valves and at final connection to each piece of equipment having flanged pipe connection.

3. Wet Piping Systems (Water and Steam): Install dielectric coupling and nipple fittings to connect piping materials of dissimilar metals.

4. Electrical Equipment Spaces: Do not run piping through transformer vaults and other electrical or electronic equipment spaces and enclosures unless unavoidable. Install drip pan under piping that must be run through electrical spaces.

5. Install isolation valves upstream of all dielectric unions and flanges.

3.2 EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION-COMMON REQUIREMENTS

A. Install equipment to provide the maximum possible headroom where mounting heights are not indicated.

B. Install equipment according to approved submittal data. Portions of the Work are shown only in diagrammatic form. Refer conflicts to the Owner’s contract representative.

C. Install equipment level and plumb, parallel and perpendicular to other building systems and components in exposed interior spaces, except where otherwise indicated.

D. Install mechanical equipment to facilitate servicing, maintenance, and repair or replacement of equipment components. Connect equipment for ease of disconnecting, with minimum of interference with other installations. Extend grease fittings to an accessible location.

E. Install equipment giving right-of-way to piping systems installed at a required slope.

3.3 VALVE SELECTION

A. Selection of Valve Ends (Pipe Connections): Except as otherwise indicated, select valves with the following ends or types of pipe/tube connections:

1. Copper Tube Size 2-Inch and Smaller: Solder ends, except in heating hot water and low pressure steam service which shall have threaded ends.

2. Steel Pipe Sizes 2-Inch and Smaller: threaded or grooved-end.

3. Steel Pipe Sizes 2-1/2-Inch and Larger: grooved-end or flanged.

3.4 VALVE INSTALLATIONS

A. General Application: Use gate, ball, and butterfly valves for shut-off duty; globe, ball, and butterfly for throttling duty. Refer to piping system specification sections for specific valve applications and arrangements.

B. Locate valves for easy access and provide separate support where necessary.

C. Install valves and unions for each fixture and item of equipment in a manner to allow equipment removal without system shut-down. Unions are not required on flanged devices.

D. Install 3-valve bypass around each pressure reducing valve using throttling type valves.

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E. Install valves in horizontal piping with stem at or above the center of the pipe, and to allow full stem movement.

F. Installation of Check Valves: Install for proper direction of flow as follows:

1. Swing Check Valves: Install in horizontal position with hinge pin level.

2. Wafer Check Valves: Install between two (2) flanges in horizontal or vertical position.

3. Lift Check Valve: Install in piping line with stem upright and plumb.

G. Valve Schedule:

1. Sectional Valves:

a. 2-inch and Smaller: Ball valves.

b. 2-1/2-inch and Larger: Gate or butterfly valves.

2. Shut-off Valves:

a. 2-inch and Smaller: Ball valves.

b. 2-1/2-inch and Larger: Gate or butterfly valves.

3. Throttling Valves:

a. 2-inch and Smaller: Ball or globe valves.

b. 2-inch and Larger: Globe or butterfly valves.

H. Valve Locations:

1. HVAC Hydronic Piping:

a. Sectional Valves: Install on each branch and riser, close to main, where branch or riser serves two (2) or more hydronic terminals or equipment connections, and elsewhere as indicated.

b. Shut-off Valves: Install on inlet and outlet of each mechanical equipment item, and on inlet of each hydronic terminal, and elsewhere as indicated.

c. Throttling Valves: As required on plans.

2. Valve Tags:

a. Provide valve tags for all valves and list on Valve Schedule.

b. Install tags on valves in piping systems, except check valves, valves within factory-fabricated equipment units; plumbing fixture supply stops; and HVAC terminal devices.

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3.5 VALVE PRESSURE/TEMPERATURE CLASSIFICATION SCHEDULES

VALVES 2-INCHES AND SMALLER

SERVICE GATE GLOBE BALL CHECK

Chilled Water 125 150 150 125

Heating Hot Water 150 150 150 150

VALVES 2-1/2-INCHES AND LARGER

SERVICE GATE GLOBE BUTTERFLY CHECK

Chilled Water 125 125 200 125

Heating Hot Water 125 125 200 125

3.6 PIPING SPECIALTIES INSTALLATION

A. Y-Type Strainers: Install Y-type strainers full size of pipeline, in accordance with manufacturer's installation instructions. Install pipe nipple and shut-off valve in strainer blow-down connection, full size of connection, except for strainers 2-inch and smaller installed ahead of control valves feeding individual terminals. Where indicated, provide drain line from shut-off valve to plumbing drain, full size of blow-down connection.

1. Locate Y-type strainers in supply line ahead of the following equipment, and elsewhere as indicated, if integral strainer is not included in equipment:

a. Pumps.

b. Temperature control valves.

c. Pressure reducing valves.

d. Temperature or pressure regulating valves.

B. Dielectric Unions: Install at each piping joint between ferrous and nonferrous piping. Comply with manufacturer's installation instructions.

1. Install isolation valves upstream of all dielectric unions.

3.7 METERS AND GAUGES INSTALLATION

A. Glass Thermometers:

1. General: Install glass thermometers in vertical upright position, and tilted so as to be easily read by observer standing on floor.

2. Locations: Install in the following locations, and elsewhere as indicated:

a. At inlet and outlet of each hydronic zone.

b. At inlet and outlet of each hydronic coil and built-up central systems.

3. Thermometer Wells: Install in piping at each thermometer and temperature control sensing device in vertical upright position. Fill well with oil or graphite, secure cap.

B. Pressure Gauges:

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1. General: Install pressure gauges in piping tee with pressure gauge cock, located on pipe at most readable position.

2. Locations: Install in the following locations, and elsewhere as indicated:

a. Across suction and discharge of each hydronic pump.

b. At discharge of each pressure reducing valve.

c. At water service outlet.

d. Across inlet and outlet of each hydronics coil and built-up central systems.

e. Across inlet and outlet of each heat exchanger, etc.

3.8 SUPPORTS AND ANCHORS INSTALLATION

A. Hangers and Supports:

1. General: Install hangers, supports, clamps and attachments to support piping properly from building structure; comply with MSS SP-69. Arrange for grouping of parallel runs of horizontal piping to be supported together on trapeze type hangers where possible. Install supports with maximum spacings complying with MSS SP-69. Where piping of various sizes is to be supported together by trapeze hangers, space hangers for smallest pipe size or install intermediate supports for smaller diameter pipe. Do not use wire or perforated metal to support piping, and do not support piping from other piping. Piping shall not be supported from bottom cord of bar joist or from metal roof deck, unless approved by Structural Engineer.

Piping may be supported at panel points of bar joists.

2. Install hangers and supports complete with necessary inserts, bolts, rods, nuts, washers and other accessories. Except as otherwise indicated for exposed continuous pipe runs, install hangers and supports of same type and style as installed for adjacent similar piping.

3. Powder-actuated fasteners shall be approved only for installation where load will be applied perpendicular to the fasteners. Powder-actuated fasteners shall not be used where load will be applied to axially to the fasteners.

4. Support fire-water piping independently of other piping.

5. Prevent electrolysis of copper tubing and piping by use of hangers and supports which are copper plated, or by other recognized industry methods.

B. Saddles and Shields:

1. Insulated Piping: Comply with the following installation requirements:

a. Shields: Where low-compressive-strength insulation or vapor barriers are indicated on cold or chilled water piping, install coated protective shields. For pipe 8-inch and over, install wood insulation saddles.

b. Saddles: Where insulation without vapor barrier is indicated, install protection saddles.

3.9 MECHANICAL IDENTIFICATION INSTALLATION

A. Install equipment markers with permanent adhesive or appropriate fasteners on or near each major item of mechanical equipment

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1. Locate markers where accessible and visible.

2. Include markers for the following categories or equipment:

a. Main control and operating valves.

B. Locate pipe markers and color bands as follows wherever piping is exposed to view in occupied spaces, machine rooms, accessible maintenance spaces (shafts, tunnels, plenums) and exterior non-concealed locations.

1. Near each valve and control device.

2. Near each branch, excluding short take-offs for fixtures and terminal units; mark each pipe at branch, where there could be question of flow pattern.

3. Near locations where pipes pass through walls or floors/ceilings, or enter non-accessible enclosures.

4. At access doors, manholes and similar access points which permit view of concealed piping.

5. Near major equipment items and other points of origination and termination.

6. Spaced intermediately at maximum spacing of 50-feet along each piping run, except reduce spacing to 25-feet in congested areas of piping and equipment.

7. On piping above removable acoustical ceilings, except omit intermediately spaced markers.

3.10 VIBRATION CONTROL INSTALLATION

A. General: Except as otherwise indicated, comply with manufacturer's instructions for installation and load application to vibration control materials and units. Adjust to ensure that units have equal deflection, do not bottom out under loading, and are not short-circuited by other contacts or bearing points. Remove space blocks and similar devices intended for temporary support during installation.

B. Install units between substrate and equipment as required for secure operation and to prevent displacement by normal forces, and as indicated.

C. Adjust leveling devices as required to distribute loading uniformly onto isolators. Shim units as required where substrate is not level.

D. For air handling equipment, install thrust restraints as indicated, and also wherever thrust exceeds 10% of equipment weight.

E. Locate isolation hangers as near overhead support structure as possible.

F. Flexible Pipe Connectors: Install on equipment side of shut-off valves, horizontally and parallel to equipment shafts wherever possible.

3.11 ACCESS PANEL INSTALLATION

A. Mechanical Contractor shall locate and furnish for installation by General Contractor, all access panels as required for access to valves and water hammer arresters, dampers, and the proper servicing of equipment and piping installed under this Contract.

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3.12 CONCRETE BASES

A. Construct concrete equipment bases of dimensions indicated, but not less than 4-inches larger than supported unit in both directions. Follow supported equipment manufacturer's setting templates for anchor bolt and tie locations. Use 3000 PSI, 28 day compressive strength concrete and reinforcement.

3.13 ERECTION OF METAL SUPPORTS AND ANCHORAGE

A. Cut, fit, and place miscellaneous metal supports accurately in location, alignment, and elevation to support and anchor mechanical materials and equipment.

B. Field Welding: Comply with AWS D1.1 "Structural Welding Code-Steel."

3.14 SELECTIVE DEMOLITION

A. General: Demolish, remove, demount, and disconnect abandoned mechanical materials and equipment indicated to be removed and not indicated to be salvaged or saved.

B. Materials and Equipment to be Salvaged: Remove, demount, and disconnect existing mechanical materials and equipment indicated to be removed and salvaged, and deliver materials and equipment to the location designated for storage by Owner.

C. Disposal and Cleanup: Remove from the site and legally dispose of demolished materials and equipment not indicated to be salvaged.

D. Mechanical Materials and Equipment: Demolish, remove, demount, and disconnect the following items:

1. Inactive and obsolete piping, fittings and specialties, equipment, ductwork, controls, fixtures, and insulation.

a. Piping and ducts embedded in floors, walls, and ceilings may remain if such materials do not interfere with new installations. Remove materials above accessible ceilings.

Drain and cap piping and ducts allowed to remain.

3.15 CUTTING AND PATCHING

A. Cut, channel, chase, and drill floors, walls, partitions, ceilings, and other surfaces necessary for mechanical installations. Perform cutting by skilled mechanics of the trades involved.

B. Repair cut surfaces to match adjacent surfaces.

3.16 GROUTING

A. Install nonmetallic nonshrink grout for mechanical equipment base bearing surfaces, pump and other equipment base plates, and anchors. Mix grout according to manufacturer's printed instructions.

B. Clean surfaces that will come into contact with grout.

C. Provide forms for placement of grout, as required.

D. Avoid air entrapment when placing grout.

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E. Place grout to completely fill equipment bases.

F. Place grout on concrete bases to provide a smooth bearing surface for equipment.

G. Place grout around anchors.

H. Cure placed grout according to manufacturer's printed instructions.

3.17 PIPING TEST

A. No piping work, fixtures, or equipment shall be concealed or covered until they have been observed by the Engineer's representative, who shall be notified by the Contractor when the work is ready for inspection. All work shall be completely installed, tested as required by this Section and the State

Ordinances and State Safety Orders, and shall be leak-tight before inspection is requested. All tests shall be repeated upon request to the satisfaction of those making the inspection.

B. All domestic water piping shall be flushed out, tested at 100 PSI and shall be left under pressure of supply main or a minimum of 40 PSI for the balance of the construction period.

C. Piping tests shall be made with the test medium and under test pressures listed in the following table.

Use a calibrated Bristol Pressure Recorder, or equal, on all tests. Engineer's representative shall install and remove each chart. Recorder range shall be 0-300 pounds or required range for specific test.

PIPING TESTS

Type of Piping Test Pressure Test Medium Test Period

Heating Hot Water, Chilled

Water and Condenser Water

50 PSIG or twice operating pressure, whichever is greater

Water

One Hour

D. Test pressure in lbs. per square inch, or inches of vacuum, gauge, are given as an initial pressure to be applied to lines being tested, together with test medium.

E. Final pressures at the end of test period shall be no more nor less than that caused by expansion or contraction of the test medium due to temperature changes.

F. Check of systems during application of test pressures should include visual check for water medium leakage, soap bubble or similar for air and nitrogen medium, and halide torch for refrigerant medium after charging.

G. During heating and cooling cycles, linear expansion shall be checked at all elbows, U-bends, expansion joints, etc., for proper clearance.

END OF SECTION