MSR_D-105140_JPPMP_201215_final_w-sigs1.pdf

MSR Joint Planetary Protection Management Plan (JPPMP) JPL D-105140 December 15, 2020. Initial Release

This document has been reviewed and determined not to contain export controlled data (LRR053513)

MSR Joint Planetary Protection Management Plan (JPPMP)

December 15, 2020

Initial Release

JPL D-105140

Prepared by: Brian Muirhead

Custodian: Christopher Salvo

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California

Signature Page

Approved by:

Electronic Signature on File 02/01/2021 Robert Braun, MSR Program Manager, JPL Date

Electronic Signature on File 02/01/2021 Christopher Salvo MSR Campaign Systems Engineer, JPL Date

Change Log

Issue.

Revision Date Modified Sections and Pages Comments

Initial Release

Dec. 15, 2020 All Initial Release

LRR053513

This document has been reviewed and determined not to contain export controlled data (LRR053513)

Table of Contents 1 Introduction

1.1 Purpose and Scope

1.2 Change Control

2 Roles and Responsibilities

2.1 Overview

2.2 Implementation Roles and Responsibilities

2.2.1 Agency-Level Roles and Responsibilities

2.2.2 MSR Program Office Campaign Systems Engineering and Integration (SE&I)

Appendix A: Acronyms and Abbreviations

This document has been reviewed and determined not to contain export controlled data (LRR053513)

1 Introduction This Mars Sample Return (MSR) Joint Planetary Protection Management Plan (JPPMP) defines the primary roles and responsibilities for the planetary protection activities of the MSR Program as defined in the NASA/ESA Flight Element MoU, Article 19 and in the MSR Joint Management and Implementation Plan (JMIP).

1.1 Purpose and Scope

The purpose and scope of this document is to define the roles and responsibilities that the Program will use to define and implement the overall planetary protection (PP) strategy for the MSR Program. The document does not address any PP roles for the Sample Receiving Facility (SRF) or scientific investigations.

This constitutes an agreement among the NASA and ESA Planetary Protection Officers (PPOs) and the NASA and ESA Program Managers.

1.2 Change Control

Change control of this document would be at the Joint Steering Board, per the JMIP, with the concurrence of the NASA and ESA PPOs.

2 Roles and Responsibilities

2.1 Overview

There are two general classes of Planetary Protection requirements that need to be met by the MSR Program: documentation and limitation of terrestrial biological contamination of Mars known as forward planetary protection (FPP) and verified prevention of potentially hazardous extraterrestrial biological material from Mars being released into Earth’s environment known as backward planetary protection (BPP).

Planetary protection tasks are performed both by NASA and ESA and their respective projects.

2.2 Implementation Roles and Responsibilities

2.2.1 Agency-Level Roles and Responsibilities

Each agency will apply FPP and BPP measures based on their respective applicable planetary protection policies and requirements, consistent with the guidelines contained in the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) Planetary Protection Policy and Implementation Guidelines, as of the approved policy in 2020 (COSPAR Planetary Protection Policy, Space Research Today, No 208, August 2020).

Per the JMIP, the agencies will jointly collaborate and resolve conflict, as necessary, in support of launch and sample-return-to-Earth approvals.

2.2.1.1 NASA

NASA will follow its standards and practices, including NPR 8715.xx (updates and replaces 8020.12D and NID 8020.109A) and related documents, to ensure break-the-chain and containment

This document has been reviewed and determined not to contain export controlled data (LRR053513) assurance is achieved; and to ensure the proper flight and safe landing of the Earth Entry System (EES), at the chosen US landing site, is achieved.

The details of the NASA implementation for FPP and BPP verification and validation will be described in the NASA Planetary Protection Approach and Implementation (PPAI) document JPL D-105141 which is a compendium of FPP and BPP working data and information used within the NASA team, and will be the basis for any formal BPP products.

Overall approval of NASA’s implementation of FPP and BPP is the responsibility of the NASA PP Officer, who interfaces directly with the ESA PPO, the MSR Program Office and Campaign

SE&I.

2.2.1.2 ESA

For the BPP objectives associated with the return flight of the Earth Return Orbiter (ERO), the subsequent release of the EES of the Capture Containment and Return System (CCRS), and the deflection maneuver away from Earth, ESA will follow and, ERO will implement, its standards, practices and requirements as documented in the latest versions of the ERO Planetary Protection Requirements Document, ESA-E3P-ERO-RS-001.

To ensure the delivery of the EES (containing the Orbiting Sample, or OS, with the sample tubes) to the proper location and velocity prior to its release, the requirements are defined in the MSR Campaign-level 1.5 requirements document.

Overall approval of ESA’s implementation of PP is the responsibility of the ESA PP Officer, who interfaces directly with the NASA PPO, the ESA Mars Exploration Programme Group Leader, and the Campaign Systems Engineering and Integration (SE&I).

2.2.2 MSR Program Office Campaign Systems Engineering and Integration

(SE&I)

Campaign SE&I within the MSR Program Office at JPL is responsible for the satisfaction of all MSR program and campaign level PP requirements and for ensuring BPP activities are coordinated across the agencies and projects.

2.2.2.1 Program and Campaign Requirements

The Program requirements process establishes unique FPP and BPP requirements for the specific program elements, and the agency responsible for delivery of the element is responsible for satisfying these requirements. Program and mission-level requirements for FPP and BPP are defined in the Program and mission requirements documents, Level 1.0 and Level 1.5 respectively. These requirements include a BPP Level 1.0 overall requirement and specific detailed requirements at Level 1.5, to control specific elements associated with the overall BPP implementation designs and process. The program and mission-level BPP requirements are established by systems engineering and management at the program and project levels, and the NASA and ESA Planetary Protection Officers.

2.2.2.2 Program Planetary Protection Systems Engineer

The Program Planetary Protection Systems Engineer (PPPSE), reporting to Campaign SE&I, is responsible for coordinating PP activities across all campaign elements and interfacing with both

This document has been reviewed and determined not to contain export controlled data (LRR053513) the NASA and ESA PPOs. The PPPSE is assisted by SRL and ERO Planetary Protection Engineers (PPEs), who support coordination with their respective projects, and the MSR BTC Phase Lead, who systems engineers all BPP-related functions across the project elements of the MSR Program. The PPPSE works with the PPOs to ensure that their respective agency’s and the Program and mission PP requirements are satisfied. The PPPSE is responsible for maintaining the NASA PPAI document.

2.2.2.3 Implementation of the NEPA process

NASA is responsible for implementing the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) process, which requires the development of Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) documentation. It is expected that the EIS will be used to characterize the nature of the overall risk to the Earth’s biosphere of the return of Mars material, and include specific plans and processes (including verification) to control that risk to an acceptably low level.

The implementation of the NEPA process is managed by NASA’s Environmental Management Division, supported by the Mars Exploration Program and the MSR Program. Within the MSR Program this effort is managed under the Campaign SE&I and is expected to be supported by ESA as needed.

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Appendix A: Acronyms and Abbreviations

BPP backward planetary protection COSPAR Committee on Space Research ECSS European Cooperation for Space Standardisation ERO Earth Return Orbiter ESA European Space Agency FPP forward planetary protection JMIP Joint Management and Implementation Plan JPPMP Joint Planetary Protection Management Plan JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory MSR Mars Sample Return NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration NEPA National Environmental Policy Act OS Orbiting Sample PM Program Manager PP planetary protection PPAI Planetary Protection Approach and Implementation document PPO Planetary Protection Officer PPPSE Program Planetary Protection Systems Engineer PSE Program System Engineer SRL Sample Retrieval Lander

Appendix A: Acronyms and Abbreviations