Attachment U - SILC-CSTO New Building Design and Construction.pdf

Mission Support Business Model

Configuration Standard

Technical Order

Facilities Design & Construction

Center

New Building Design and Construction

SILC-CSTO-36-71 91 11 13-10

This page intentionally left blank.

Commander U.S. Coast Guard Shore Infrastructure Logistics Center

300 East Main Street, Suite 800 Norfolk, VA 23510-9104 Staff Symbol: (esd) Phone: (757) 628-4277

11012

24 September 2020

Subj: NEW BUILDING DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION CSTO

Ref: a) Civil Engineering Manual, COMDTINST M11000.11 (series)

b) Shore Infrastructure – Mission Support Business Model Requirements Directive

Technical Order, SILC-RDTO-36-11 29 11 00-01 (latest)

c) Shore Facilities Standards Manual (SFSM) COMDTINST M11012.9 (latest)

1. PURPOSE. This Configuration Standard Technical Order (CSTO) establishes design and construction standards for new shore infrastructure assets.

2. ACTION. All units charged with design or new construction of shore facilities shall ensure compliance with the provisions of this technical order in accordance with references (a) and (b). This order applies to new building construction regardless of funding source.

3. AUTHORIZATION. This technical order has been reviewed and is authorized by the SILC Commander.

4. DIRECTIVES / TECHNICAL ORDERS AFFECTED. None.

5. ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT AND IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS.

a. The general policies contained in this technical order are categorically excluded under current USCG categorical exclusion #L5 from further environmental analysis, in accordance with the U.S. Coast Guard Environmental Planning Policy, COMDTINST 5090.1 (series).

b. All future specific actions resulting from the general policies in this technical order must be individually evaluated for compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), Council on Environmental Quality NEPA regulations at 40 CFR Parts 1500-1508, DHS and Coast Guard Environmental Planning policy, and compliance with all other environmental mandates.

6. DISTRIBUTION. SILC Business Operations Division (BOD) posts an electronic version of this technical order in CG-TIMS and adds the document in the Approved Technical Order Library on SILC's Configuration Management site on the CG Portal. No paper distribution will be made of this document.

7. SCOPE. The standards described in this technical order shall be implemented in accordance with the following constraints:

11012 24 September 2020

Subj: NEW BUILDING DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION CSTO

a. TECHNICAL AUTHORITY. The technical authority for this technical order is the SILC Commander. Additional roles and responsibilities associated with executing this configuration standard are identified in Section 1.3 of this technical order.

b. ASSETS / SERVICES. This technical order applies to all new shore infrastructure construction projects.

8. TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT. Implementation of this technical order does not require tools or equipment beyond standard Coast Guard workstation.

9. TRAINING. Implementation of this technical order does not require training beyond standard Coast Guard requirements for personnel.

10. DEVELOPMENT TEAM. The following authorities and subject matter experts were significantly involved in producing this technical order.

Name Position Organization Joanna Skaredoff, PE Configuration Manager SILC (esd) CM

Fred Sommer, PE ESD Deputy, Technical Warrant Holder SILC (esd)

John F. Regan, PE Technical Director FDCC

Debra M. Chinn, PE Technical Director FDCC

Norman T. Malbon, PE Design Chief FDCC

Santora McKinney, RA Architect FDCC

Mark Bryant, PE Civil Engineer FDCC

James Kendall, PE Electrical Engineer FDCC

Daniel Sarino, PE Mechanical Engineer FDCC

Kevin Suriano, FE Structural Engineer FDCC

Richard Hylton, PE Environmental Engineer FDCC

Aziz Mulhem, PE Lead Engineer for Seismic and Structural Domain

CEU Oakland

11. FORMS / REPORTS. None.

12. REQUEST FOR CHANGES. Submit recommendations for technical order improvements, waivers, or corrections in accordance with the Engineering Change Proposal (ECP) PGTO.

T. WADE GESELE

Captain, U.S. Coast Guard i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Overview

1.1 Configuration Standard Summary

1.2 Applicability

1.3 Guidance

1.4 Roles and Responsibilities

2 Asset Categorization

2.1 Categorization Reference

2.2 Occupancy or Risk Categorization

2.2.1 Category Definition

2.2.2 Category Assignment

2.2.3 Seismic Design

2.3 Flooding Considerations

2.3.1 Sea Level Considerations

2.3.2 Freeboard

2.3.3 Example Flood Level Calculation

2.3.4 Piers and Wharves

2.3.5 Flood-proofing

3 General Requirements

3.1 References

3.2 Site Design Requirements

3.3 Security

3.4 Accessibility

3.5 Dredging

3.6 Whole Building Commissioning

4 Civil Requirements

4.1 Civil References

4.2 Civil Design Requirements

4.2.1 Sustainable Landscape

4.2.2 Pavements

4.2.3 Grading and Drainage

4.2.4 Utility Systems

5 Architectural Requirements

5.1 Architectural References

5.2 Architectural Design Requirements

5.2.1 Roofs

5.2.2 Doors & Windows

5.2.3 Envelope

5.3 Architectural Materials

5.3.1 Colors

5.3.2 Exterior Wall Materials

5.4 Interior Features

5.4.1 Office Layout

5.4.2 Finishes

5.4.3 Colors

5.4.4 Fixtures

6 Structural Requirements ii

6.1 Structural References

6.2 Structural Design Requirements

6.2.1 Structural Elements

6.2.2 Load Bearing Systems

6.2.3 Waterfront System

7 Mechanical Requirements

7.1 Mechanical References

7.2 Mechanical Design Requirements

7.2.1 HVAC Systems

7.2.2 HVAC Modifications to Minimize Disease Transmission

7.2.3 Plumbing Systems

7.2.4 Fire Suppression Systems

7.2.5 Building Management Systems

7.3 Mechanical Materials

7.3.1 Plumbing

7.3.2 Fixtures

7.4 External Equipment

8 Electrical Requirements

8.1 Electrical References

8.2 Electrical Design Requirements

8.2.1 Utilities Distribution System

8.2.2 Lighting

8.2.3 Standby Power

8.2.4 Normal Power

9 Sustainability, Environmental, and Energy

9.1 Sustainability, Environmental, and Energy References

9.2 Sustainability, Environmental, and Energy Design Requirements

9.2.1 General

9.2.2 Guiding Principles

9.2.3 Energy Considerations

10 References

11 Definitions

Appendix A – Checklist .......................................................................................................................... A-1

1 OVERVIEW

1.1 Configuration Standard Summary

The U.S. Coast Guard (CG) is a first-responder. Therefore, the CG must be resilient, meaning able to complete the mission during and immediately following an emergency. This CSTO provides engineering design guidance to ensure resilient, affordable facilities. It primarily focuses on buildings, yet also addresses some key supporting infrastructure such as waterfront structures and utilities.

Resiliency of shore assets is accomplished by appropriately classifying the asset based on risk to human life, health, environment, and mission essentiality in accordance with consensus standards, and designing the asset to the appropriate risk categorization. By adopting the 2018 (and later) International Building Code (IBC), many resiliency features are included when compared with earlier versions of the IBC. Nevertheless, there are circumstances where the Coast Guard needs higher performing infrastructure to meet mission demands.

This CSTO adopts the risk category of buildings described in the IBC and American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Standard Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and other Structures (ASCE-7). It also codifies the risk categories as they apply to CG shore assets. In addition, this CSTO specifies certain design choices which may exceed the minimum requirements of the IBC. Design choices include stronger construction elements, provision for standby power, and durable materials choices.

This CSTO shall be used by civil engineering organizations when designing new shore infrastructure. These units have the responsibility to ensure the minimum criteria presented in this CSTO are used to provide a quality design. Additionally, this CSTO may not cover all site-specific concerns and it is the project development team’s responsibility to ensure the facilities and infrastructure are safe and well-constructed. Site-specific conditions shall be evaluated early in the planning process. Deviations from this CSTO shall be requested in accordance with the Engineering Change Proposal (ECP) Process Guide Technical Order (PGTO) during the planning phase. The ECP PGTO can be found in the Approved Technical Order Library at: CG Portal SILC Engineering Services Division SILC Configuration Management Approved TOs. This CSTO is not a specification or a prescriptive checklist and is not intended to replace professional judgment by a competent, licensed professional engineer or architect, after coordination with the program manager and end-user. Additionally, nothing in this CSTO should preclude consideration and use of emerging technologies and commercially available products if these can be proven to result in a safe and satisfactory design. Nothing in this CSTO shall be viewed as waiving provisions of the IBC.

Before the project file is closed, the Design Engineer shall fill out the checklist in Appendix A and save the checklist in the project file in order to document how the building meets the resiliency standards.

1.2 Applicability

This Configuration Standard applies to the planning, design and construction of all new shore infrastructure assets in the CG’s inventory, including all funding sources.

https://cg.portal.uscg.mil/ https://cg.portal.uscg.mil/ https://cg.portal.uscg.mil/units/silc https://cg.portal.uscg.mil/units/silc/ESD https://cg.portal.uscg.mil/units/silc/ESD/configurationManagement https://cg.portal.uscg.mil/units/silc/ESD/configurationManagement/Approved%20TOs https://cg.portal.uscg.mil/units/silc/ESD/configurationManagement/Approved%20TOs

1.3 Guidance

The Civil Engineering Manual adopts the most recent version of the IBC by policy. This CSTO is based upon the 2018 IBC as the code for regulating and governing design and construction on all shore infrastructure. This CSTO will be updated with subsequent editions of the IBC. All fire and life safety considerations shall conform to the applicable International Fire Code (IFC) and National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) criteria. All energy and environmental consideration shall conform to the 2016 Guiding Principles, 2018 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC), and the 2018 International Green Construction Code (IgCC). Local codes shall be followed as a general policy. Although adherence to local building codes and standards is not required, adherence to the requirements of local codes which are more restrictive than the IBC should be evaluated and followed where it is in the best interest of the government, specifically in matters of resiliency.

Equivalent substitutions may be authorized in foreign locations where various elements of standards, construction methods, materials and equipment are regionally different than those in the United States.

1.4 Roles and Responsibilities

The technical authority for this configuration standard is the SILC Commander. Table 1-1 enumerates the roles and responsibilities for executing the standards defined in this technical order. Projects will pass through different approval levels based on funding source. Projects executed at the Civil Engineering Unit (CEU) are approved by the CEU (for the tasks below “Plan New Construction” and “Manage New Construction”). Projects executed by Facilities Design and Construction Center (FDCC) are approved by the SILC for “Plan New Construction” and by FDCC for “Manage New Construction”. The following “RASCI” codes are used:

R = Responsible: Those who do the work (typically only one Responsible per task).

A = Approver: The one ultimately accountable for the deliverable or task (must have only one Approver per task).

S = Supports: Those who provide resources, information, expertise or other assistance in completing of the task. A Supports role indicates more intensive and consistent involvement than just being identified in a Consulted role.

C = Consulted: Those whose opinions are sought (two-way communications).

I = Informed: Those who are kept up-to-date on progress (one-way communication).

Table 1-1: Roles and Responsibilities RASCI Matrix

Task, Deliverable, or Responsibility SIL

C

FD

CC

CEU Te ch nica l D ire cto r

ALM Constr ucti on M anag er

Desig ners

Plan ners

TW

H Desig n/Su ita bilit y

Le ad

En gin eers

En viro nmen tal

Program Sp ecia list

Plan New Construction A A S R S Design New Construction A S R S S

Manage New Construction A A R S

File Checklist S R S Interpret Code/CSTO A S I R S S Approve Waivers A S S I S R S

2 ASSET CATEGORIZATION

2.1 Categorization Reference

This section is based upon the 2018 IBC Chapters 3 and 16. In addition to the standards in the code, new construction and design shall adopt the following standards:

• ASCE 7-16, Standard Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and other Structures

• ASCE 24-14, Flood Resistant Design and Construction

• ASCE 61-14, Seismic Design of Piers and Wharves

• Federal Flood Risk Management Standard

• UFC 3-301-01, Structural Engineering

2.2 Occupancy or Risk Categorization

2.2.1 Category Definition

In Chapter 16 of the IBC, each building and structure is assigned a Risk Category. For the CG, the Flood Design Class for an asset shall be assigned the same level as the asset’s Risk Category.

Category I applies to buildings and structures that are normally unoccupied and pose minimal risk to personnel should they be damaged or fail. This includes temporary structures that are in place for less than 180 days, minor storage, and small structures used for parking of vehicles.

Category II applies to buildings and structures that pose a moderate risk to personnel should they be damaged or fail. Category II includes most residential buildings and assets not directly in support of CG missions. Most commercial, industrial, and residential buildings are built to Category II.

Category III applies to buildings and structures that pose a high risk to personnel should they be damaged, be unable to perform their intended functions, or fail. Category III includes buildings in which a large number of persons may assemble in one place, community centers, schools, medical facilities not having surgery or emergency treatment capabilities, and buildings associated with utilities, which if interrupted, would cause significant disruption to operations.

Category IV applies to buildings and structures designated as mission essential facilities.

Category IV includes buildings and structures that are necessary for emergency response and recovery, or that pose a substantial risk to personnel in the event of failure, disruption of functions, or damage. Category IV includes health care facilities having surgery or emergency treatment facilities, fire stations, rescue stations, emergency vehicles garages, and critical aviation facilities. Category IV includes designated emergency shelters, emergency operation centers, and other facilities required for emergency response. Category IV includes assets necessary to allow for continued functioning of a Category IV facility, such as utility or communication infrastructure.

2.2.2 Category Assignment

This section defines the Coast Guard interpretation of IBC Chapter 16 occupancies based upon the category code of the building.

Utilities, substations, fuel tanks, water storage tanks, communication towers, or other ancillary structures necessary to allow continued functioning of a building or structure shall be designed to the same Risk Category or Flood Design Class as the building or structure they service.

The Risk Category and Flood Design Class classification of the shore facility asset shall be identified in the Planning Factors as part of the planning process.

While the IBC may permit sections of a building to be built to different performance standards based upon occupancy, the Coast Guard will construct the entire building to the highest performance standard based upon all intended building uses/occupancies.

The asset design shall be aligned to the IBC Risk Categories and Flood Design Classes as shown in Table 2 1, Table 2-2, and Table 2-3. All other assets not specifically listed shall be designed to Risk Category and Flood Design Class II or I, as appropriate per section 2.2.1.

Asset Category Code (CATCODE) classification is in accordance with the Interim Real Property Management: Inventory Sustainment Process Guide Technical Order (SILC-PGTO-36-71 17 00 00-01/20151223) and the Facility Classification Guide v2.0.

Table 2-1 lists the assets that fall into Risk Category and Flood Design Class IV.

Table 2-1: Risk Category and Flood Design Class IV Applicable Assets CATCODE CATCODE Description

121-10 Aircraft Direct Fueling Station

121-20 Aircraft Truck Fueling Facility

121-50 Aircraft Operating Fuel Storage Tank

122-10 Marine Fueling Facility-Large

122-20 Marine Fueling Facility-Small

122-30 Marine Operating Fuel Storage

133-65 Aircraft Navigation Building

141-20 Airfield Fire and Rescue Station

141-40 Aircraft Operations Building

141-70 Air Control Tower

143-66 Regional Operations Center

159-64 Shore Operations Building

211-05 Aircraft Hangar

610-71 Regional Command Building

730-10 Fire Station

730-66 Air Raid/Fallout Shelter

732-20 Police Force Security Building

Critical Communications (see 2.2.2.6)

Table 2-2 lists assets that fall into Risk Category and Flood Design Class III. Refer to the paragraphs referenced as caveats to assess relevant situations that affect the classification of the asset.

Table 2-2: Risk Category and Flood Design Class III Applicable Assets CATCODE CATCODE Description Caveats

125-20 Fueling Pump House

151-20 Pier/Wharf

421-52 Ammunitions Bunker

530-10 Sick Bay See paragraph 2.2.2.2

550-10 Satellite Medical Clinic See paragraph 2.2.2.2

550-20 Medical Clinic See paragraph 2.2.2.2

811-09 Power Plant building

811-48 Alternate Energy Source Power Production

- Other T

811-60 Emergency Power Plant

813-10 Electrical Power Substation/Switching Station Bldg

813-20 Electrical Power Substation

821-60 Heating Operating Fuel Storage

823-20 Heat Gas Bulk Storage

831-10 Sewage Treatment Plant

832-31 Sewage or Storm Lift Station

841-09 Water Treatment Building

841-10 Water Treatment Plant

841-25 Desalinization Plant

841-30 Water Storage, Potable

841-51 Water Reservoir, Potable

842-15 Water Pump Facility, Potable

843-20 Water Pump Facility, Fire Protection

843-30 Water Tank, Fire Protection

843-35 Water Retention Facility, Fire Protection

843-50 Water Distribution Building, Fire Protection

Table 2-3 lists assets that fall into Risk Category and Flood Design Class II or III depending on the occupancy size.

Table 2-3: Risk Category and Flood Design Class II / III Applicable Assets

CATCODE CATCODE Description Caveats

171-10 General Purpose Instruction Building See paragraph 2.2.2.1

171-20 Applied Instruction Building See paragraph 2.2.2.1

711-04 Family Housing Apartments See paragraph 2.2.2.3

721-01 Multi-Use – Unaccompanied Personnel Housing

See paragraph 2.2.2.3

721-14 Student Barracks See paragraph 2.2.2.3

721-15 Recruit Barracks See paragraph 2.2.2.3

721-10 Dining Facility – Galley See paragraph 2.2.2.3

740-25 Family Services/Community Center See paragraph 2.2.2.3

740-28 Recreation Center See paragraph 2.2.2.3

740-44 Indoor Physical Fitness Facility See paragraph 2.2.2.3

740-56 Auditorium and Theater Facility See paragraph 2.2.2.3

740-67 Open Mess and Club Facility See paragraph 2.2.2.3

740-74 Child Development Center See paragraph 2.2.2.1

740-75 Club and Organizational Building See paragraph 2.2.2.3

740-76 Library, General Use See paragraph 2.2.2.3

2.2.2.1 Educational Facilities and Daycare

Educational facilities through the 12th grade and daycare facilities with a capacity greater than or equal to 250 people are a Category III. Educational facilities through the 12th grade and daycare facilities with a capacity less than 250 people are a Category II.

Education facilities above the 12th grade with a capacity greater than or equal to 500 people are a Category III. Education facilities above the 12th grade with a capacity less than 500 people are a Category II.

2.2.2.2 Medical Facilities

If operating room level surgery or emergency treatment is available, the medical facility is a Risk Category IV. Otherwise, the medical facility is a Risk Category III.

2.2.2.3 Large Congregation of Personnel

If the primary occupancy is public assembly where 300 or more people can congregate, the facility is a Risk Category III. If less than 300 people can congregate, the facility is a Risk Category II.

2.2.2.4 Structures and Linear Structures

Structures and Linear Structures (as defined in Tab C of the Facilities Classification Guide) shall be designed to withstand the same flood, wind, snow, earthquake, and ice load forces as Buildings in their Risk Category and Flood Design Class according to the ASCE standard.

2.2.2.5 Emergency Shelters

Regardless of CATCODE or size, any building that is designated to be an emergency shelter shall be designed to Risk Category IV. An emergency shelter is defined as a shelter-in-place location to provide safe refuge for CG members and on-site families from storms that produce high winds, such as tornados and hurricanes.

2.2.2.6 Critical Communications

Buildings, structures, and support services for Rescue 21 (R21), HF Antennas, and Navigation Telex (NAVTEX) systems shall be designed to Risk Category and Flood Design Class IV.

Additionally, critical communication hubs for the CG network shall be designed to Risk Category and Flood Design Class IV. These systems span a variety of CATCODEs. Therefore, the function of the system must be evaluated during the initial planning phases.

2.2.2.7 Economic Considerations

During development of the Planning Proposal, the planning team shall evaluate the use of the building and the contained equipment in Risk Category II occupancies. If the equipment in the building is irreplaceable or would require more than a year to replace, the planning proposal shall offer a Course of Action (COA) at Risk Category II and a COA to upgrade it to Risk Category III. Examples of situations where this may apply include an aircraft maintenance hangar and critical parts warehouse, such as SFLC spares for legacy cutters.

2.2.3 Seismic Design

By adopting the design criteria of ASCE-7, the IBC implicitly addresses seismic resiliency for first responder agencies by assigning them a higher risk category and performance standard.

Additionally, follow UFC 3-301-01 for structural and seismic design requirements. Follow ASCE 61-14, for seismic design of piers and wharves.

2.3 Flooding Considerations

IBC Chapter 16 sets basic flood design considerations. The Coast Guard policy is to design new facilities to be located and designed in accordance with flood management regulations. They shall be designed and constructed based upon the appropriate flood hazard mapping zone per ASCE-24. Elevations of design features are determined from the flood design class. Base Flood Elevation (BFE) is determined from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) 100-year flood maps from Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMS). Design Flood Elevations (DFE) are incorporated if local or regional jurisdictions have legally designated flood hazard areas. The 500-year flood elevations are determined by Flood Insurance Surveys (FIS) for regions having an FIS completed. In accordance with the Federal Flood Risk Management Standard, the CG uses the climate-informed science approach to determine the required flood elevation.

2.3.1 Sea Level Considerations

The predictions in sea level rise vary greatly from different sources. The CG will account for sea-level change in accordance with the US Army Corps of Engineers Sea-Level Change Curve Calculator, available at (http://corpsmapu.usace.army.mil/rccinfo/slc/slcc_calc.html).

The CG building is designed for a 50 year life cycle. The building design shall account for the intermediate sea-level rise projection for 50 years from completion of the project in accordance with the US Army Corps of Engineers Sea-Level Change Curve Calculator.

The intermediate sea-level rise projection shall be added to the Base Flood Elevation or Design Flood Elevation required in ASCE-24.

http://corpsmapu.usace.army.mil/rccinfo/slc/slcc_calc.html

2.3.2 Freeboard

New construction includes freeboard in accordance with ASCE-24 based on Flood Design Class and location.

2.3.3 Example Flood Level Calculation

The following diagram shows the calculation of the lowest horizontal structural member. The asset design shall utilize whichever scenario below yields the highest level.

Figure 2-1: Example Flood Level Calculations

Bottom of Lowest Horizontal Structural Member

Sea-Level Rise

Freeboard per ASCE 24 Flood Design Class

BFE (usually 100 yr floodplain)

Sea-Level Rise

Freeboard per ASCE 24 Flood Design Class

DFE (local)

Sea-Level Rise

500 yr flood level

Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3

2.3.4 Piers and Wharves

Due to mission essentiality, piers and wharves shall be designed to Risk Category and Flood Design Class III. Bulkheads will need to be designed to support the waterfront congruent with the piers and wharves. Since piers and wharves must be operable to boats and cutters at the current water level, it may not be practical to raise the structure as far as the DFE requires. Site-specific conditions shall be evaluated early in the Planning process, and an ECP shall be submitted in the Planning Phase if a request to deviate from the CSTO is needed.

2.3.5 Flood-proofing

In some instances, finished floor elevations (FFEs) cannot meet the BFE or DFE requirements due to operational requirements. ASCE-24 allows for wet floodproofing in certain situations, including structures that are functionally dependent on close proximity to water. The requirements for wet floodproofing stated in ASCE-24 shall be followed. Outlets must be located above the DFE in order to prevent water intrusion. If the space is designed for storage, storage items must be able to be relocated above the DFE in the event of an elevated threat of flooding.

3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

3.1 References

The Department of Defense (DOD) publishes Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) that provides guidance on a wide variety of infrastructure types. Refer to and use these UFC documents as applicable and to the extent practical when developing and designing CG infrastructure projects.

In the case of conflict, this CSTO takes precedence.

3.2 Site Design Requirements

Plan for future expansion as practicable. Buildings should be orientated (to the maximum extent practicable) to minimize heating and cooling loads. Consider the potential views of new facilities from surrounding streets, buildings, and neighboring infrastructure.

Site designs for new construction shall ensure that construction avoids or minimizes (to the maximum extent practical) impacts to wetlands and other sensitive natural resources/habitats, coastal zones, and cultural resources. Noise levels and attenuation requirements shall be appropriately assessed and considered. Refer to Section 9 (Sustainability, Environmental, and Energy) for more details on site design environmental planning considerations.

3.3 Security

All CG assets shall follow the CG Physical Security Manual (COMDINST M5530.1) and the Security Infrastructure SILC-CSTO-36-11 31 21-01.

3.4 Accessibility

CG facility accessibility policy will be in compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Standard. In accordance with the CE Manual, the ADA Standard will take precedence over any conflicting requirements of the IBC for new building construction. Reasons for adopting this more stringent standard include the wounded warrior program, hiring of disabled veterans, the emphasis of utilizing contract employees, and the flexibility achieved in the design and functional reuse of CG facilities.

3.5 Dredging

FDCC and the CEUs should coordinate any proposed dredging since maintenance dredging often overlaps with requirements of Procurement, Construction, and Improvements (PC&I) projects.

3.6 Whole Building Commissioning

Each new building shall have each critical building system commissioned by an independent third party. The list of critical systems shall be determined during the schematic design phase.

Commissioning shall be in accordance with American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air- Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Guideline 0 and ASHRAE Standard 202. Commissioning authority shall hold a current certification by one of the following organizations as a commissioning authority: Associated Air Balance Council Commissioning Group, National Environmental Balancing Bureau, or ASHRAE.

At a minimum, whole building commissioning shall include functional testing and verification of the following systems:

• Building air barrier system

• Fire alarm and suppression systems

• Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment & systems

• Duct air leakage test

• Piping systems (mechanical, plumbing, compressed, natural gas, etc.) pressure tests

• Domestic hot water heater

• Elevator

• Direct digital controls sequence verification, including schedule confirmation with occupants

• Electrical grounding system, including ground fault protection

• Electrical power distribution system

• Emergency power system

• Lighting

• Cathodic protection systems

• Intrusion detection system

• Public announcement system

• Closed circuit TV system As part of the commissioning process, the commissioning authority shall review the building operation performance 10 months after substantial completion (assuming a 1-year warranty).

This shall include interviews with the building occupants and review of the building automation system. Items that should be repaired or replaced as part of the building warranty shall be identified.

4 CIVIL REQUIREMENTS

4.1 Civil References

New Building Construction shall adopt the following standards:

• Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA)

• UFC 3-201-01, Civil Engineering

• UFC 3-210-10, Low Impact Development

4.2 Civil Design Requirements

4.2.1 Sustainable Landscape

Landscape architects should incorporate xeriscaping, local design, and local planning practices to the maximum extent practical while minimizing the requirement for fertilizers and pesticides.

Use native or drought-tolerant plants. Do not install irrigation systems.

4.2.2 Pavements

Pavements and other hardscape areas shall incorporate permeable design concepts and pervious materials as practical to minimize impacts to the natural hydrology of construction sites and avoid/minimize detrimental effects to storm water runoff. Evaluate the appropriate application of permeable pavements for the specific location, and take into consideration the maintenance required to maintain permeable characteristics of the pavement over the design life.

Pavement typical design life is 25 years. For large pavement areas (such as airfields and large loading docks), a jointing plan shall be provided.

4.2.3 Grading and Drainage

The grading plan should consider existing topography while recognizing required gradients. To the extent practicable, provide a balance of the quantity of cut and fill soils which would create a smooth transition of graded areas into the existing site. Storm water design shall comply with the applicable state storm water management laws and regulations, as well as EISA Section 438.

4.2.4 Utility Systems

The design engineer shall take into consideration power loss conditions that may occur at that location and the effect on the utility systems (water, sewer, gas, etc.). Coordinate with the electrical discipline (refer to Section 8) and evaluate the potential need for backup systems.

Consider how any utility systems will integrate with existing site infrastructure.

5 ARCHITECTURAL REQUIREMENTS

5.1 Architectural References

New Building Construction shall adopt the following standards:

• ASHRAE Standard 189.1-2017, Standard for the Design of High-Performance Green Buildings

• Farm Security and Rural Investment Act

• Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

5.2 Architectural Design Requirements

5.2.1 Roofs

Sloped roofs are preferred to provide positive drainage. Overhangs for weather protection and shade are desirable. Avoid rooftop mechanical equipment on sloped roofs where feasible.

Where roof mounted equipment is used, ensure roof-mounted equipment is screened and accommodations are made for regular service and repair. Use proven, cost-effective roof systems with high durability and weather resistance, compatible with the installation architectural design theme, such as standing seam metal roof systems. Minimum slope for standing seam roof is 3:12. All roof systems shall be provided with a minimum 20 year manufacturer warranty. The use of interior roof drains shall be avoided.

For buildings where solar design is not selected, roofs shall be structurally designed for future retrofit of solar panels.

5.2.2 Doors & Windows

In coastal zones, doors and windows meeting the Miami-Dade standard shall be utilized.

5.2.3 Envelope

Building design shall utilize an efficient building envelope and other passive systems, such as increased insulation, to minimize energy requirements to the maximum extent practicable.

Design and construct the building envelope with a continuous air and thermal barrier to control air leakage into, or out of, the conditioned space that shall meet the requirements of ASHRAE Standard 189.1, Section 7.4.2.9, Continuous Air Barrier. Clearly identify all air barrier components, the boundary limits of the building air barriers, and of the zone or zones to be tested for building air tightness on the drawings. The use of painted interior walls is not an acceptable air barrier method. The air barrier must be durable to last the anticipated service life of the assembly. Seal all penetrations of the air barrier.

5.3 Architectural Materials

Use local standards but avoid materials that require repainting. Minimize maintenance by using low- or zero–maintenance materials with integral colors at most locations. Use exterior materials such as composites, brick, split-faced Concrete Masonry Unit (CMU), cast-in place or pre-cast concrete. Avoid use of metal-clad buildings.

Utilize construction materials and building supplies that have a lesser or reduced effect on human health and the environment over the life cycle when compared with competing products that serve the same purpose. Use products that meet the following requirements where applicable:

• Resource Conservation and Recovery Act section 6002 (recycled content and comprehensive procurement guidelines).

• Farm Security and Rural Investment Act section 9002 (bio-based content).

• Federal recommended specifications, standards, and ecolabels or are on the Federal Green Procurement Compilation for other green products.

• Avoid ozone-depleting compounds and high global warming potential (GWP) chemicals.

5.3.1 Colors

Large installations normally have an exterior color standard or Base Exterior Architectural Plan (BEAP) contained within their Master Plan. Any new buildings at the installation shall follow the

BEAP.

5.3.2 Exterior Wall Materials

Masonry and concrete are preferred as permanent exterior building materials. Metal is acceptable for industrial facilities and hangars. Composite siding materials are acceptable for residential facilities. Exterior Insulating Finishing Systems (EIFS) are prohibited for use on exterior walls except as an accent material on CMU or concrete buildings.

5.4 Interior Features

5.4.1 Office Layout

Use central corridors and open office layouts when possible. Maximize natural light design strategies in all occupied spaces. Take daylighting, temperature variation, and energy efficiencies into account when designing private offices and office layout.

5.4.2 Finishes

Durable, cost-effective finishes are standard.

5.4.3 Colors

Use neutral colors for permanent finishes and accent colors on accessories.

5.4.4 Fixtures

Comply with the accessibility laws. Recess all wall-mounted fixtures such as fire extinguishers, drinking fountains, emergency lights and restroom accessories. Toilet room fixtures shall be wall mounted for ease of cleaning.

6 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS

6.1 Structural References

New Building Construction shall adopt the following standards:

• IBC-2018 Chapters 14-26

• UFC 4-152-01, Design: Piers and Wharves

• UFC 4-159-03, Moorings

6.2 Structural Design Requirements

6.2.1 Structural Elements

The design life of all the structural elements and components shall be a minimum of 50 years.

During this period of time, the components must continue to perform at designed capacity without major repairs.

6.2.2 Load Bearing Systems

Any structural load bearing system (such as a wharf gangways or bridges) shall have a permanent plaque installed indicating the load capacity and date constructed. Plaque shall last the designed life of the asset.

6.2.3 Waterfront System

The load design of waterfront systems shall be based upon vessel berthing energy and mooring forces in accordance with UFC 4-152-01 and UFC 4-159-03.

Waterfront structures shall have a design life of 50 years. Gangways shall carry a uniform design live load of 100 PSF and 500 lb concentrated live load.

7 MECHANICAL REQUIREMENTS

7.1 Mechanical References

New Building Construction shall adopt the following standards:

• Aircraft Hangar Fire Protection Requirements CSTO (SILC-CSTO-36-11 55 13 25-02)

• ASHRAE Position Document on Infectious Aerosols (April 14, 2020)

• ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2019, Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings

• ASHRAE Standard 189.1-2017, Standard for the Design of High-. Performance Green Buildings

• IBC-2018 Chapters 7, 9, 28, 29

• International Fire Code (IFC)

• International Mechanical Code (IMC) – 2018

• International Plumbing Code (IPC) – 2018

• National Electric Code (NEC/NFPA) – 2017

• UFC 1-200-01, DOD Building Code

• UFC 3-410-01, Heating, Ventilating, And Air Conditioning Systems, With Change 6

• UFC 3-600-01, Fire Protection Engineering for Facilities

7.2 Mechanical Design Requirements

New construction for occupied buildings shall meet the ASHRAE 189.1 high performing building standards as a minimum level of energy efficiency.

7.2.1 HVAC Systems

HVAC systems shall be selected on 40 year life-cycle-cost comparison. Life-cycle costs analyses shall include operating, maintenance, and replacement costs. Each Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) shall be performed using the latest version of the Building Life Cycle Cost (BLCC) computer program developed by National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), which is available for download at: https://energy.gov/eere/femp/building-life-cycle-cost-programs.

As a minimum, geo-thermal (if site feasible), chilled water, and Direct Expansion air conditioning systems shall be compared for the cooling equipment. Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) systems are typically not preferred due to proprietary systems and specialized maintenance requirements. There may be some specialized applications where VRF is appropriate. However, the high life-cycle cost will usually disqualify VRF systems from new construction. Geo-thermal, gas (if available), solar and electric shall be compared for the heating equipment. LCCA of each system compared shall incorporate systems utilizing renewable energy resources.

Consideration should be given to heat recovery for pre-treating outside air or domestic hot water heating when feasible. Consider how the building HVAC system should be zoned to control https://energy.gov/eere/femp/building-life-cycle-cost-programs https://energy.gov/eere/femp/building-life-cycle-cost-programs temperature independently. Account for the portions of multi-functional buildings that contain critical operations and will need to continue operating in an emergency situation.

Duct air leakage rate shall be in accordance with the IMC.

7.2.2 HVAC Modifications to Minimize Disease Transmission

Some airborne infectious diseases can be transmitted through large distances in the air. The HVAC system can be designed to help minimize transmission of airborne infectious diseases.

Locations in which a large number of personnel gather from all over the country, such as Training Centers, pose the greatest risk to disease transmission among CG members. Design engineers shall take into consideration ASHRAE guidance on HVAC modifications (ASHRAE Position Document on Infectious Aerosols). Specifically:

• All HVAC systems shall have filters with a Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value (MERV) of MERV-13 installed in accordance with UFC 3-410-01.

• Increase the percentage of outside air, as indoor and outdoor conditions permit.

• In high-density spaces, add duct-mounted or air-handling-unit-mounted, upper room, and/or portable ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) devices.

Design for flexibility in the HVAC system. In these high-risk locations, the HVAC control system shall be designed with a “Cold/Flu Season” mode in which air quality is more important than energy savings. In this mode:

• Outdoor air ventilation is increased. Disable demand-controlled ventilation and open outdoor air dampers to 100%, or as open as possible while maintaining indoor temperature and humidity settings.

• If possible, bypass energy recovery ventilation systems that recirculate potentially contaminated exhaust air back into the air supply.

• Keep systems running extended hours.

• Perform a whole-building air change-out once per day (usually during an unoccupied time).

• UVGI systems are turned on.

7.2.3 Plumbing Systems

The plumbing design and construction work shall conform to the applicable requirements of the

IPC.

Domestic Water Heating system shall be selected based on energy efficiency and a 40 year life-cycle-cost comparison. Life-cycle costs shall include maintenance and replacement costs.

LCCA shall be performed using the latest version of the BLCC computer program developed by

NIST.

As a minimum, solar, gas (if available), fuel oil, and electric energy sources shall be compared for the domestic water heating equipment. LCCA of each system compared shall incorporate systems utilizing renewable energy resources.

7.2.4 Fire Suppression Systems

Hangar fire suppression systems shall be installed in accordance with the Aircraft Hangar Fire Protection Requirements SILC-CSTO-36-11 55 13 25-02.

All building fire suppression systems shall be designed in accordance with UFC 3-600-01.

The Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) is the person or office responsible for enforcing the Life Safety Code. As per the CE Manual, the AHJ is CG-43 for any Coast Guard owned property.

Design and construction of new assets shall attempt to meet all state fire marshal requirements and local building codes in order that mutual aid agreements can be put in place for support of local fire fighting services. If irreconcilable conditions arise or waivers are needed, contact the

AHJ.

When connecting into an existing fire protection system, the new equipment must match the existing system to ensure proper operability.

7.2.5 Building Management Systems

Any new building must be added to the site’s existing Building Management System (BMS) to avoid management of multiple BMS in one location. If addition of the building to the existing BMS is not practical, the site’s BMS must be upgraded to accommodate all buildings at that site.

7.3 Mechanical Materials

7.3.1 Plumbing

Cross-linked polyethylene water supply systems shall not be used.

7.3.2 Fixtures

New construction shall use low flow plumbing fixtures designated as Environmental Protection Agency WaterSense.

7.4 External Equipment

When designing for assets near a saltwater environment, specify corrosion-resistant materials.

Refer to UFC 1-200-01 for corrosion prevention requirements. Mount external equipment, such as air conditioning compressors, at or above the flood elevations per section 2.3 of this CSTO.

Evaluate any necessary snow or wind protection.

8 ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS

8.1 Electrical References

New Building Construction shall adopt the following standards:

• Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) CSTO (SILC-CSTO-36-11 31 17 11-01)

• ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2019, Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings

• ASHRAE Standard 189.1-2017, Standard for the Design of High-. Performance Green Buildings

• Electrical Shore Ties CSTO (SILC-CSTO-36-11 21 27 11-04 / 20110506)

• Energy Policy Act of 2005

• IBC-2018 Chapter 27

• International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) – 2018

• Illuminating Engineering Society of North America Lighting Handbook Reference and Application (IES) (10th Edition)

• National Electrical Safety Code (NESC) – 2017

• National Electric Code (NEC/NFPA) – 2017

• UFC 1-200-01, DOD Building Code

• UFC 3-501-01, Electrical Engineering, with Change 1, 01 November 2019

• UFC 3-530-01, Interior and Exterior Lighting Systems and Controls

• UFC 3-540-01, Engine-Driven Generator Systems for Prime and Standby Power Applications

• UFC 3-550-01, Exterior Electrical Power Distribution

8.2 Electrical Design Requirements

In order for a new building to be adaptable for future mission requirements, the incoming electrical service and the main service board of the building shall be at least 20% greater than the code requirement and the initial needs.

When designing for assets near a saltwater environment, specify corrosion-resistant materials.

Refer to UFC 1-200-01 for corrosion prevention requirements. Exterior enclosures should utilized National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) 4X enclosures. Use stainless steel and pultruded fiberglass components. Exposed exterior raceways shall be Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) or fiberglass.

8.2.1 Utilities Distribution System

Electrical, gas, and water service shall be metered at the building or cutter shore tie level by advanced meter systems compatible with existing Coast Guard advanced meter systems in accordance with the AMI CSTO. If the utility system (electrical, gas, or water) system is being modified at the main entrance to the CG site, include installation of an advanced meter that will cover the entire CG site.

The design should include electrical calculations for the site and building to include, but not limited to, load, short circuit, arch flash, and voltage drop.

Utilize UFC 3-550-01, Exterior Electrical Power Distribution, for guidance in design of exterior systems. From the point of demarcation between the utility and the CG site, utilities shall be installed underground. This will not apply to Government Owned sub stations or switch yards, but will apply into and out of these areas.

Pad mounted transformer capacity shall be selected based on the required load, but not out of the range of the transformer’s operating efficiency. Follow the requirements in UFC 3-501-01 Electrical Engineering for sizing service. Indoor transformers must be dry-type and self-cooled.

Underground cable is preferred to be copper, but may be aluminum when #4 or greater is required. Aluminum shall be upgraded in size to match the copper amperage rating.

Underground conduit shall be electrical polyvinyl chloride 80 or high-density polyethylene, when directional boring installation applied. Before the conduit leaves the ground, it must transition to either a PVC coated or zinc coated rigid metal conduit. Underground conduit shall be encased in concrete when it runs below high traffic areas or according to NEC.

Panelboards shall be installed with at least 15% spare breaker capacity. Tandem breakers are not allowed. Utilize bolt-on breakers when possible.

Raceways and conduits must not be used as a grounding conductor, nor shall they be used for wire taps. Conduits shall be one of the following:

• Rigid Metal Conduit with either a zinc coating or PVC coating (type 40)

• Electrical Metallic Tubing with zinc coating

• Liquid-Tight Flexible Metal Conduit only for installation where heavy vibration equipment is anticipated, and whips for lighting connections.

To the maximum extent practicable, mount external equipment such as transformers, switch gear, and generators, at or above the flood elevations per section 2.3 of this CSTO.

8.2.2 Lighting

Utilize UFC 3-530-01 for lighting system calculation and design, including developing a Photometric Plan. The lighting systems must have lighting controls in accordance with ASHRAE 90.1, ASHRAE 189.1, and IECC.

Light Emitting Diode (LED) lights with solid-state drivers or Solid State Lighting (SSL) shall be used for all new lighting applications.

8.2.3 Standby Power

8.2.3.1 Definitions

Per the IBC definitions, emergency power systems are required for electrical loads where interruption of the primary power could result in loss of human life or serious injuries.

Emergency power is required for life safety systems (such as fire alarms). Standby power is a source of automatic electric power of a specified capacity and duration to operate specified building systems in the event of a failure of the primary power. Standby power systems are required for electrical loads where interruption of the primary power could create hazards or hamper rescue or fire-fighting operations. In common vernacular, “emergency power” or “emergency generator” is often used when “standby power” is the appropriate term. To be consistent with governing code, this CSTO follows the IBC definitions of emergency and standby.

8.2.3.2 Standby Power Loads

Utilize UFC 3-540-01 for design of generators. The generator design must be based upon the mission’s requirements for transient and steady-state loads, startup, charging of uninterruptable power supply (UPS), etc. Control systems for the generator shall be a digital system, except when required to match to an existing analog system. Appropriate back up power shall be used to accommodate either system.

Standby power shall be designed for mission-critical loads, as defined by:

• Communication Stations, network node or hub assets, and Rescue 21 Stations

• Command/Operations center spaces, including climate control

• Incident Command Posts or Contingency Operations spaces, including climate control

• Equipment and systems (including climate control) supporting spaces manned 24 hours/day, including watch stander berthing

• Climate control for spaces containing supporting electronics

•…