25-075-ITB_Conc_A_Apron_Reconstr-Bid_Pkg_2_-_Addendum_#1_Tech_Specs_01.16.26.pdf

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

FOR

Concourse A Apron Reconstruction – Bid Package 2

PREPARED BY:

Michael Baker International, RDM International, Inc., Civil Design Inc.

KENTON COUNTY AIRPORT BOARD

Issued for Bid

December 18, 2025

SEAL

12-18-2025

3/20/20255/19/202512/18/2025

12/18/2025

Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport Concourse A Apron Reconstruction – Bid Package 2

Issued for Bid – ADDENDUM 1 KCAB Project No: 1287

Table of Contents i

ITEM C-100 Contractor Quality Control Program (CQCP) .............................................. C-100-1 to C-100-7

ITEM C-102 Temporary Air and Water Pollution, Soil Erosion, and Siltation Control ...... C-102-1 to C-102-6

ITEM C-110 Method of Estimating Percentage of Material Within Specification Limits (PWL)

........................................................................................................................................ C-110-1 to C-110-7

ITEM P-101 Preparation/Removal of Existing Pavements ................................................ P-101-1 to P-101-6

ITEM P-152 Excavation, Subgrade, and Embankment ..................................................... P-152-1 to P-152-8

ITEM P-153 Controlled Low-Strength Material (CLSM) ................................................... P-153-1 to P-153-3

ITEM P-219 Recycled Concrete Aggregate Base Course ................................................. P-219-1 to P-219-6

ITEM P-304 Cement-Treated Aggregate Base Course (CTB) ........................................... P-304-1 to P-304-8

ITEM P-403 Asphalt Mix Pavement Course .................................................................... P-403-1 to P-403-20

ITEM P-501 Cement Concrete Pavement ...................................................................... P-501-1 to P-501-34

ITEM PX-510 Rigid Pavement Repair ........................................................................... PX-510-1 to PX-510-6

ITEM P-603 Emulsified Asphalt Tack Coat ....................................................................... P-603-1 to P-603-3

ITEM P-605 Joint Sealants for Pavements ........................................................................ P-605-1 to P-605-4

ITEM P-606 Adhesive Compounds, Two-Component for Sealing Wire and Lights in Pavement

......................................................................................................................................... P-606-1 to P-606-4

ITEM P-608 Emulsified Asphalt Seal Coat ....................................................................... P-608-1 to P-608-9

ITEM P-610 Concrete for Miscellaneous Structures ........................................................ P-610-1 to P-610-7

ITEM P-620 Runway and Taxiway Marking ....................................................................... P-620-1 to P-620-9

ITEM F-162 Chain-Link Fence .......................................................................................... F-162-1 to F-162-4

ITEM D-701 Pipe for Storm Drains and Culverts ............................................................. D-701-1 to D-701-7

ITEM D-705 Pipe Underdrains for Airports ...................................................................... D-705-1 to D-705-7

ITEM D-751 Manholes, Catch Basins, Inlets and Inspection Holes ................................ D-751-1 to D-751-4

ITEM T-901 Seeding.......................................................................................................... T-901-1 to T-901-5

ITEM T-905 Topsoil ........................................................................................................... T-905-1 to T-905-3

ITEM T-908 Mulching ........................................................................................................ T-908-1 to T-908-3

ITEM L-100 Airfield Lighting System Demolition and Temporary Works .......................... L-100-1 to L-100-3

ITEM L-108 Underground Power Cable for Airports ....................................................... L-108-1 to L-108-15

ITEM L-110 Airport Underground Electrical Duct Banks and Conduits .......................... L-110-1 to L-110-10

Issued for Bid – ADDENDUM 1 KCAB Project No: 1287

Table of Contents ii

ITEM L-125 Installation of Airport Lighting Systems ......................................................... L-125-1 to L-125-5

ITEM MC-001 Maintenance and Protection of Traffic During Construction .............. MC-001-1 to MC-001-8

Appendix X: Construction Safety and Phasing Plan (CSPP) ................................. MC-001-9

ITEM MC-002 Miscellaneous Structure Adjustment and Abandonment .................. MC-002-1 to MC-002-2

ITEM MC-003 Bollards .............................................................................................. MC-003-1 to MC-003-2

ITEM MC-004 Control of Impacted and Solid Waste Material ................................ MC-004-1 to MC-004-10

ITEM MC-005 Permanent Traffic Controls ................................................................ MC-005-1 to MC-005-2

ITEM MC-006 Water Work ........................................................................................ MC-006-1 to MC-006-3

ITEM MC-007 Maintenance of Haul Road ................................................................. MC-007-1 to MC-007-2

ITEM MC-008 Oil Water Separator ............................................................................ MC-008-1 to MC-008-2

Issued for Bid KCAB Project No: 1287

Contractor Quality Control Program (CQCP) C-100-1

ITEM C-100 Contractor Quality Control Program (CQCP)

100-1 General. Quality is more than test results. Quality is the combination of proper materials, testing, workmanship, equipment, inspection, and documentation of the project. Establishing and maintaining a culture of quality is key to achieving a quality project. The Contractor shall establish, provide, and maintain an effective Contractor Quality Control Program (CQCP) that details the methods and procedures that will be taken to assure that all materials and completed construction required by this contract conform to contract plans, technical specifications and other requirements, whether manufactured by the Contractor, or procured from subcontractors or vendors. Although guidelines are established and certain minimum requirements are specified here and elsewhere in the contract technical specifications, the Contractor shall assume full responsibility for accomplishing the stated purpose.

The Contractor shall establish a CQCP that will:

a. Provide qualified personnel to develop and implement the CQCP.

b. Provide for the production of acceptable quality materials.

c. Provide sufficient information to assure that the specification requirements can be met.

d. Document the CQCP process.

The Contractor shall not begin any construction or production of materials to be incorporated into the completed work until the CQCP has been reviewed and approved by the Resident Project Representative (RPR). No partial payment will be made for materials subject to specific quality control (QC) requirements until the CQCP has been reviewed and approved.

The QC requirements contained in this section and elsewhere in the contract technical specifications are in addition to and separate from the quality assurance (QA) testing requirements. QA testing requirements are the responsibility of the RPR or Contractor as specified in the specifications.

A Quality Control (QC)/Quality Assurance (QA) workshop with the Engineer, Resident Project Representative (RPR), Contractor, subcontractors, testing laboratories, and Owner’s representative must be held prior to start of construction. The QC/QA workshop will be facilitated by the Contractor. The Contractor shall coordinate with the Airport and the RPR on time and location of the QC/QA workshop.

Items to be addressed, at a minimum, will include:

a. Review of the CQCP including submittals, QC Testing, Action & Suspension Limits for Production, Corrective Action Plans, Distribution of QC reports, and Control Charts.

b. Discussion of the QA program.

c. Discussion of the QC and QA Organization and authority including coordination and information exchange between QC and QA.

d. Establish regular meetings to discuss control of materials, methods and testing.

e. Establishment of the overall QC culture.

Contractor Quality Control Program (CQCP) C-100-2

100-2 Description of program.

a. General description. The Contractor shall establish a CQCP to perform QC inspection and testing of all items of work required by the technical specifications, including those performed by subcontractors. The CQCP shall ensure conformance to applicable specifications and plans with respect to materials, off-site fabrication, workmanship, construction, finish, and functional performance. The CQCP shall be effective for control of all construction work performed under this Contract and shall specifically include surveillance and tests required by the technical specifications, in addition to other requirements of this section and any other activities deemed necessary by the Contractor to establish an effective level of QC.

b. Contractor Quality Control Program (CQCP). The Contractor shall describe the CQCP in a written document that shall be reviewed and approved by the RPR prior to the start of any production, construction, or off-site fabrication. The written CQCP shall be submitted to the RPR for review and approval at least 10 calendar days before the CQCP Workshop. The Contractor’s CQCP and QC testing laboratory must be approved in writing by the RPR prior to the Notice to Proceed (NTP).

The CQCP shall be organized to address, as a minimum, the following:

1. QC organization and resumes of key staff

2. Project progress schedule

3. Submittals schedule

4. Inspection requirements

5. QC testing plan

6. Documentation of QC activities and distribution of QC reports

7. Requirements for corrective action when QC and/or QA acceptance criteria are not met

8. Material quality and construction means and methods. Address all elements applicable to the project that affect the quality of the pavement structure including subgrade, subbase, base, and surface course. Some elements that must be addressed include, but is not limited to mix design, aggregate grading, stockpile management, mixing and transporting, placing and finishing, quality control testing and inspection, smoothness, laydown plan, equipment, and temperature management plan

The Contractor must add any additional elements to the CQCP that is necessary to adequately control all production and/or construction processes required by this contract.

100-3 CQCP organization. The CQCP shall be implemented by the establishment of a QC organization.

An organizational chart shall be developed to show all QC personnel, their authority, and how these personnel integrate with other management/production and construction functions and personnel.

The organizational chart shall identify all QC staff by name and function, and shall indicate the total staff required to implement all elements of the CQCP, including inspection and testing for each item of work.

If necessary, different technicians can be used for specific inspection and testing functions for different items of work. If an outside organization or independent testing laboratory is used for implementation of all or part of the CQCP, the personnel assigned shall be subject to the qualification requirements of paragraphs 100-03a and 100-03b. The organizational chart shall indicate which personnel are Contractor employees and which are provided by an outside organization.

The QC organization shall, as a minimum, consist of the following personnel:

Contractor Quality Control Program (CQCP) C-100-3

a. Program Administrator. The Contractor Quality Control Program Administrator (CQCPA) must be a full-time on-site employee of the Contractor, or a consultant engaged by the Contractor. The CQCPA must have a minimum of five (5) years of experience in QC pavement construction with prior QC experience on a project of comparable size and scope as the contract.

Included in the five (5) years of paving/QC experience, the CQCPA must meet at least one of the following requirements:

(1) Professional Engineer with one (1) year of airport paving experience.

(2) Engineer-in-training with two (2) years of airport paving experience.

(3) National Institute for Certification in Engineering Technologies (NICET) Civil Engineering Technology Level IV with three (3) years of airport paving experience.

(4) An individual with four (4) years of airport paving experience, with a Bachelor of Science Degree in Civil Engineering, Civil Engineering Technology or Construction.

The CQCPA must have full authority to institute any and all actions necessary for the successful implementation of the CQCP to ensure compliance with the contract plans and technical specifications.

The CQCPA authority must include the ability to immediately stop production until materials and/or processes are in compliance with contract specifications. The CQCPA must report directly to a principal officer of the construction firm.

b. QC technicians. A sufficient number of QC technicians necessary to adequately implement the CQCP must be provided. These personnel must be either Engineers, engineering technicians, or experienced craftsman with qualifications in the appropriate field equivalent to NICET Level II in Civil Engineering Technology or higher, and shall have a minimum of two (2) years of experience in their area of expertise.

The QC technicians must report directly to the CQCPA and shall perform the following functions:

(1) Inspection of all materials, construction, plant, and equipment for conformance to the technical specifications, and as required by paragraph 100-6.

(2) Performance of all QC tests as required by the technical specifications and paragraph 100-8.

(3) Performance of tests for the RPR when required by the technical specifications.

Certification at an equivalent level of qualification and experience by a state or nationally recognized organization will be acceptable in lieu of NICET certification.

c. Staffing levels. The Contractor shall provide sufficient qualified QC personnel to monitor each work activity at all times. Where material is being produced in a plant for incorporation into the work, separate plant and field technicians shall be provided at each plant and field placement location. The scheduling and coordinating of all inspection and testing must match the type and pace of work activity.

The CQCP shall state where different technicians will be required for different work elements.

100-4 Project progress schedule. Critical QC activities must be shown on the project schedule as required by Section 80, paragraph 80-03, Execution and Progress.

100-5 Submittals schedule. The Contractor shall submit a detailed listing of all submittals (for example, mix designs, material certifications) and shop drawings required by the technical specifications. The listing can be developed in a spreadsheet format and shall include as a minimum:

a. Specification item number

b. Item description

Contractor Quality Control Program (CQCP) C-100-4

c. Description of submittal

d. Specification paragraph requiring submittal

e. Scheduled date of submittal

100-6 Inspection requirements. QC inspection functions shall be organized to provide inspections for all definable features of work, as detailed below. All inspections shall be documented by the Contractor as specified by paragraph 100-9.

Inspections shall be performed as needed to ensure continuing compliance with contract requirements until completion of the particular feature of work. Inspections shall include the following minimum requirements:

a. During plant operation for material production, QC test results and periodic inspections shall be used to ensure the quality of aggregates and other mix components, and to adjust and control mix proportioning to meet the approved mix design and other requirements of the technical specifications.

All equipment used in proportioning and mixing shall be inspected to ensure its proper operating condition. The CQCP shall detail how these and other QC functions will be accomplished and used.

b. During field operations, QC test results and periodic inspections shall be used to ensure the quality of all materials and workmanship. All equipment used in placing, finishing, and compacting shall be inspected to ensure its proper operating condition and to ensure that all such operations are in conformance to the technical specifications and are within the plan dimensions, lines, grades, and tolerances specified. The CQCP shall document how these and other QC functions will be accomplished and used.

100-7 Contractor QC testing facility.

a. For projects that include Item P-401, Item P-403, and Item P-404, the Contractor shall ensure facilities, including all necessary equipment, materials, and current reference standards, are provided that meet requirements in the following paragraphs of ASTM D3666, Standard Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials:

• 8.1.3 Equipment Calibration and Checks;

• 8.1.9 Equipment Calibration, Standardization, and Check Records;

• 8.1.12 Test Methods and Procedures

b. For projects that include P-501, the Contractor shall ensure facilities, including all necessary equipment, materials, and current reference standards, are provided that meet requirements in the following paragraphs of ASTM C1077, Standard Practice for Agencies Testing Concrete and Concrete Aggregates for Use in Construction and Criteria for Testing Agency Evaluation:

• 7 Test Methods and Procedures

• 8 Facilities, Equipment, and Supplemental Procedures

100-8 QC testing plan. As a part of the overall CQCP, the Contractor shall implement a QC testing plan, as required by the technical specifications. The testing plan shall include the minimum tests and test frequencies required by each technical specification Item, as well as any additional QC tests that the Contractor deems necessary to adequately control production and/or construction processes.

The QC testing plan can be developed in a spreadsheet fashion and shall, as a minimum, include the following:

a. Specification item number (e.g., P-401)

Contractor Quality Control Program (CQCP) C-100-5

b. Item description (e.g., Hot Mix Asphalt Pavements)

c. Test type (e.g., gradation, grade, asphalt content)

d. Test standard (e.g., ASTM or American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) test number, as applicable)

e. Test frequency (e.g., as required by technical specifications or minimum frequency when requirements are not stated)

f. Responsibility (e.g., plant technician)

g. Control requirements (e.g., target, permissible deviations)

The QC testing plan shall contain a statistically-based procedure of random sampling for acquiring test samples in accordance with ASTM D3665. The RPR shall be provided the opportunity to witness QC sampling and testing.

All QC test results shall be documented by the Contractor as required by paragraph 100-9.

100-9 Documentation. The Contractor shall maintain current QC records of all inspections and tests performed. These records shall include factual evidence that the required QC inspections or tests have been performed, including type and number of inspections or tests involved; results of inspections or tests; nature of defects, deviations, causes for rejection, etc.; proposed remedial action; and corrective actions taken.

These records must cover both conforming and defective or deficient features, and must include a statement that all supplies and materials incorporated in the work are in full compliance with the terms of the contract. Legible copies of these records shall be furnished to the RPR daily. The records shall cover all work placed subsequent to the previously furnished records and shall be verified and signed by the CQCPA.

Contractor QC records required for the contract shall include, but are not necessarily limited to, the following records:

a. Daily inspection reports. Each Contractor QC technician shall maintain a daily log of all inspections performed for both Contractor and subcontractor operations. These technician’s daily reports shall provide factual evidence that continuous QC inspections have been performed and shall, as a minimum, include the following:

(1) Technical specification item number and description

(2) Compliance with approved submittals

(3) Proper storage of materials and equipment

(4) Proper operation of all equipment

(5) Adherence to plans and technical specifications

(6) Summary of any necessary corrective actions

(7) Safety inspection.

(8) Photographs and/or video

The daily inspection reports shall identify all QC inspections and QC tests conducted, results of inspections, location and nature of defects found, causes for rejection, and remedial or corrective actions taken or proposed.

Contractor Quality Control Program (CQCP) C-100-6

The daily inspection reports shall be signed by the responsible QC technician and the CQCPA. The RPR shall be provided at least one copy of each daily inspection report on the work day following the day of record. When QC inspection and test results are recorded and transmitted electronically, the results must be archived.

b. Daily test reports. The Contractor shall be responsible for establishing a system that will record all QC test results. Daily test reports shall document the following information:

(1) Technical specification item number and description

(2) Test designation

(3) Location

(4) Date of test

(5) Control requirements

(6) Test results

(7) Causes for rejection

(8) Recommended remedial actions

(9) Retests

Test results from each day’s work period shall be submitted to the RPR prior to the start of the next day’s work period. When required by the technical specifications, the Contractor shall maintain statistical QC charts. When QC daily test results are recorded and transmitted electronically, the results must be archived.

100-10 Corrective action requirements. The CQCP shall indicate the appropriate action to be taken when a process is deemed, or believed, to be out of control (out of tolerance) and detail what action will be taken to bring the process into control. The requirements for corrective action shall include both general requirements for operation of the CQCP as a whole, and for individual items of work contained in the technical specifications.

The CQCP shall detail how the results of QC inspections and tests will be used for determining the need for corrective action and shall contain clear rules to gauge when a process is out of control and the type of correction to be taken to regain process control.

When applicable or required by the technical specifications, the Contractor shall establish and use statistical QC charts for individual QC tests. The requirements for corrective action shall be linked to the control charts.

100-11 Inspection and/or observations by the RPR. All items of material and equipment are subject to inspection and/or observation by the RPR at the point of production, manufacture or shipment to determine if the Contractor, producer, manufacturer or shipper maintains an adequate QC system in conformance with the requirements detailed here and the applicable technical specifications and plans.

In addition, all items of materials, equipment and work in place shall be subject to inspection and/or observation by the RPR at the site for the same purpose.

Inspection and/or observations by the RPR does not relieve the Contractor of performing QC inspections of either on-site or off-site Contractor’s or subcontractor’s work.

100-12 Noncompliance.

a. The Resident Project Representative (RPR) will provide written notice to the Contractor of any noncompliance with their CQCP. After receipt of such notice, the Contractor must take corrective action.

Contractor Quality Control Program (CQCP) C-100-7

b. When QC activities do not comply with either the CQCP or the contract provisions or when the Contractor fails to properly operate and maintain an effective CQCP, and no effective corrective actions have been taken after notification of non-compliance, the RPR will recommend the Owner take the following actions:

(1) Order the Contractor to replace ineffective or unqualified QC personnel or subcontractors and/or

(2) Order the Contractor to stop operations until appropriate corrective actions are taken.

METHOD OF MEASUREMENT

100-13 Basis of measurement and payment. Contractor Quality Control Program (CQCP) is for the personnel, tests, facilities and documentation required to implement the CQCP. The CQCP will be paid as a lump sum with the following schedule of partial payments:

a. With first pay request, 25% with approval of CQCP. The QC/QA workshop is to occur after all relevant submittals have been received.

b. When 25% or more of the original contract is earned, an additional 25%.

c. When 50% or more of the original contract is earned, an additional 20%.

d. When 75% or more of the original contract is earned, an additional 20%

e. After final inspection and acceptance of project, the final 10%.

BASIS OF PAYMENT

100-14 Payment will be made under:

Item C-100-14.1 Contractor Quality Control Program (CQCP) – per lump sum

REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to within the text by the basic designation only.

National Institute for Certification in Engineering Technologies (NICET) ASTM International (ASTM)

ASTM C1077 Standard Practice for Agencies Testing Concrete and Concrete Aggregates for Use in Construction and Criteria for Testing Agency Evaluation

ASTM D3665 Standard Practice for Random Sampling of Construction Materials ASTM D3666 Standard Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials

END OF ITEM C-100

Temporary Air and Water Pollution, Soil Erosion, and Siltation Control C-102-1

ITEM C-102 Temporary Air and Water Pollution, Soil Erosion, and Siltation Control

DESCRIPTION

102-1. This item shall consist of temporary control measures as shown on the plans or as ordered by the Resident Project Representative (RPR) during the life of a contract to control pollution of air and water, soil erosion, and siltation through the use of silt fences, berms, dikes, dams, sediment basins, fiber mats, gravel, mulches, grasses, slope drains, and other erosion control devices or methods.

Temporary erosion control shall be in accordance with the approved erosion control plan, KYTC Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, Edition of 2019, the approved Construction Safety and Phasing Plan (CSPP) and AC 150/5370-2, Operational Safety on Airports During Construction (latest edition). The temporary erosion control measures contained herein shall be coordinated with the permanent erosion control measures specified as part of this contract to the extent practical to assure economical, effective, and continuous erosion control throughout the construction period.

Temporary control may include work outside the construction limits such as borrow pit operations, equipment and material storage sites, waste areas, and temporary plant sites.

Temporary control measures shall be designed, installed and maintained to minimize the creation of wildlife attractants that have the potential to attract hazardous wildlife on or near public-use airports.

MATERIALS

102-2.1 Grass. Grass that will not compete with the grasses sown later for permanent cover per Item T- 901 shall be a quick-growing species (such as ryegrass, Italian ryegrass, or cereal grasses) suitable to the area providing a temporary cover. Selected grass species shall not create a wildlife attractant.

102-2.2 Mulches. Mulches may be hay, fiber mats, netting, bark, wood chips, or other suitable material reasonably clean and free of noxious weeds and deleterious materials per Item T-908. Mulches shall not create a wildlife attractant.

102-2.3 Fertilizer. Fertilizer shall be a standard commercial grade and shall conform to all federal and state regulations and to the standards of the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists.

102-2.4 Slope drains. Not Used.

102-2.5 Silt fence. Silt fence shall consist of polymeric filaments which are formed into a stable network such that filaments retain their relative positions. Synthetic filter fabric shall contain ultraviolet ray inhibitors and stabilizers to provide a minimum of six months of expected usable construction life. Silt fence shall meet the requirements of ASTM D6461.

102-2.6 Compost Filter Sock. Compost filter sock shall consist of the following materials:

a. Compost/Mulch. Compost/mulch shall be weed free and derived from a well-decomposed source of organic material. The compost shall be produced using an aerobic composting process meeting CFR 503 regulations, including time and temperature data indicating effective weed

Temporary Air and Water Pollution, Soil Erosion, and Siltation Control C-102-2 seed, pathogen and insect larvae kill. The compost shall be free of any refuse, contaminants or other materials toxic to plant growth. Non-composted products are not acceptable.

Materials should meet the following requirements:

1. pH between 5.0 and 8.0;

2. 100% passing a 2” sieve and a minimum of 70% greater than the 3/8” sieve;

3. Moisture content less than 60%; and

4. Relatively free (<1% by dry weight) of inert or foreign man made materials.

b. Filter Sock Mesh Fabric. 3 or 5 mil continuous, tubular, HDPE 3/8” knitted mesh netting material, filled with compost passing the above specifications.

c. Wooden stake. 2in x 2in x 3ft stake to be used to secure filter sock in place.

102-2.7 Erosion Control Blanket. Not used.

102-2.8 Other. All other materials shall meet commercial grade standards and shall be approved by the RPR before being incorporated into the project.

CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS

102-3.1 General. In the event of conflict between these requirements and pollution control laws, rules, or regulations of other federal, state, or local agencies, the more restrictive laws, rules, or regulations shall apply.

The RPR shall be responsible for assuring compliance to the extent that construction practices, construction operations, and construction work are involved.

102-3.2 Schedule. Prior to the start of construction, the Contractor shall submit schedules in accordance with the approved Construction Safety and Phasing Plan (CSPP) and the plans for accomplishment of temporary and permanent erosion control work for clearing and grubbing; grading; construction;

paving; and structures at watercourses. The Contractor shall also submit a proposed method of erosion and dust control on haul roads and borrow pits and a plan for disposal of waste materials. Work shall not be started until the erosion control schedules and methods of operation for the applicable construction have been accepted by the RPR.

102-3.3 Construction details. The Contractor will be required to incorporate all permanent erosion control features into the project at the earliest practicable time as outlined in the plans and approved CSPP. Except where future construction operations will damage slopes, the Contractor shall perform the permanent seeding and mulching and other specified slope protection work in stages, as soon as substantial areas of exposed slopes can be made available. Temporary erosion and pollution control measures will be used to correct conditions that develop during construction that were not foreseen during the design stage; that are needed prior to installation of permanent control features; or that are needed temporarily to control erosion that develops during normal construction practices, but are not associated with permanent control features on the project.

Where erosion may be a problem, schedule and perform clearing and grubbing operations so that grading operations and permanent erosion control features can follow immediately if project conditions permit. Temporary erosion control measures are required if permanent measures cannot immediately follow grading operations. The RPR shall limit the area of clearing and grubbing, excavation, borrow, and embankment operations in progress, commensurate with the Contractor’s capability and progress in keeping the finish grading, mulching, seeding, and other such permanent control measures current with the accepted schedule. If seasonal limitations make such coordination unrealistic, temporary erosion control measures shall be taken immediately to the extent feasible and justified as directed by the RPR.

Temporary Air and Water Pollution, Soil Erosion, and Siltation Control C-102-3

The Contractor shall provide immediate permanent or temporary pollution control measures to minimize contamination of adjacent streams or other watercourses, lakes, ponds, or other areas of water impoundment as directed by the RPR. If temporary erosion and pollution control measures are required due to the Contractor’s negligence, carelessness, or failure to install permanent controls as a part of the work as scheduled or directed by the RPR, the work shall be performed by the Contractor and the cost shall be incidental to this item.

The RPR may increase or decrease the area of erodible earth material that can be exposed at any time based on an analysis of project conditions.

The erosion control features installed by the Contractor shall be maintained by the Contractor during the construction period.

Provide temporary structures whenever construction equipment must cross watercourses at frequent intervals. Pollutants such as fuels, lubricants, bitumen, raw sewage, wash water from concrete mixing operations, and other harmful materials shall not be discharged into any waterways, impoundments or into natural or manmade channels.

102-3.4 Installation, maintenance and removal of silt fence. Silt fences shall extend a minimum of 16 inches and a maximum of 36 inches above the ground surface. Posts shall be set no more than 10 feet on center. Filter fabric shall be cut from a continuous roll to the length required minimizing joints where possible. When joints are necessary, the fabric shall be spliced at a support post with a minimum 12-inch overlap and securely sealed. A trench shall be excavated approximately 6 inches deep by 4 inches wide on the upslope side of the silt fence. The trench shall be backfilled and the soil compacted over the silt fence fabric. The Contractor shall remove and dispose of silt that accumulates during construction and prior to establishment of permanent erosion control. The fence shall be maintained in good working condition until permanent erosion control is established. Silt fence shall be removed upon approval of the RPR.

102-3.5 Installation, maintenance and removal of inlet protection. Drop inlet protection shall be used around drop inlets where the up-slope area draining to the inlet has no other or inadequate sediment control. The protection device shall be constructed in a manner that will facilitate cleanout and disposal of trapped sediment and minimize interference with construction activities. Drop inlets in graded areas shall utilize compost filter sock protection surrounding the inlet and staked into the ground and shall properly overlap around the edges as not to allow sediment into the inlet as shown in the plans. The Contractor shall remove and dispose of silt that accumulates during construction and prior to establishment of permanent erosion control. The drop inlet protection shall be removed upon approval of the RPR.

Where compost filter sock is used for inlet protection, compost filter sock shall be maintained in good working condition until permanent erosion control is established.

Inlet filter inserts shall be used around drop inlets on paved areas where the up-slope area draining to the inlet has no other or inadequate sediment control. Installation and maintenance of inlet filter inserts shall be as shown on the plans. Inlet filter inserts shall be removed upon approval of the RPR.

Marsh mat shall be used around trench drains in the project area. Installation and maintenance of marsh mat shall be as shown on the plans. Marsh mat shall be removed upon approval of the RPR.

102-3.6 Installation, maintenance and removal of rock construction entrance. The construction entrance shall be installed as soon as is practicable before site disturbance. The construction entrance

Temporary Air and Water Pollution, Soil Erosion, and Siltation Control C-102-4 shall be as long as required to stabilize high traffic areas, but not less than 70 feet. The stone layer shall be at least 6 inches thick. Use non-woven geotextile fabric to improve stability of the foundation. The geotextile fabric shall be placed over the entire area prior to placing stone. Any fabric damaged during installation shall be repaired per manufacturer’s recommendations. No traffic or construction traffic will be permitted on the fabric. Overlap fabric roll-ends and edges a minimum of 12 inches with adjacent fabric. Place overlying material within 2 weeks after placement of fabric to minimize exposure. Place material in a manner to minimize slippage of the fabric. If excessive slippage occurs, use steel securing pins as specified above at a maximum spacing of 6 feet. Rock shall meet AASHTO #2 gradation requirements.

The width of the entrance shall be at least 14 feet for one-way traffic and 20 feet for two-way traffic, but not less than the full width at points where ingress and egress occurs.

If muddy conditions exist on the site and the mud is still present on a vehicle’s tires when it arrives at the entrance, the wheels shall be washed before entering a public road. Wash water must be provided by the Contractor and carried away from the entrance to an on-site settling area or basin to remove the sediment. The wheel wash shall be of the size required to clean all vehicle tires leaving the site. Wheel wash site and equipment/labor shall be incidental to Specification Item for Mobilization.

A culvert shall be constructed under the entrance if needed to prevent surface water flowing across the entrance from being directed out onto paved surfaces. A water bar shall be constructed as part of the construction entrance if needed to prevent surface runoff from flowing the length of the construction entrance and out onto paved surfaces.

Construction entrances shall be inspected weekly and immediately after each significant rainfall (0.5 inches or greater within a 24-hour period). The Contractor shall promptly make repairs when the entrance loses it shape or as needed to maintain a 6-inch-thick stone layer.

A top dressing of additional stone shall be applied as necessary and as directed by the RPR. When the entrance becomes hard packed or the rock is silt laden, the Contractor shall remove the old stone and replace with new stone.

Mud applied, dropped, washed, or tracked onto public roads, or any surface where runoff is not checked by sediment controls, shall be removed immediately. Removal shall be accomplished by sweeping, scraping or other means that do not damage paved surfaces. The use of water trucks to remove materials dropped, washed, or tracked onto roadways will not be permitted under any circumstances.

Rock construction entrances shall not be relied upon to remove mud from vehicles and prevent off-site tracking. Vehicles that enter and leave the construction-site shall be restricted from muddy areas. The Contractor shall be responsible to remove any mud on the vehicles by washing or other approved means, prior to the vehicle leaving the site.

Removed sediment or stone shall be disposed of in an area previously approved by the local authorities and Owner. At no time shall the sediment be placed in an area that will contribute sediment off-site and is not permanently stabilized.

The entrance shall remain in place until the disturbed area is stabilized or replaced with a permanent roadway or entrance.

Temporary Air and Water Pollution, Soil Erosion, and Siltation Control C-102-5

For details refer to plans.

102-3.7 Concrete Washout Pit. The Contractor shall construct temporary concrete washout pit facilities as shown on the plans at locations approved by the RPR to control runoff. The temporary concrete washout pit facilities shall be placed in a stabilized area away from storm drain inlets or streams and be approved by the RPR prior to use.

METHOD OF MEASUREMENT

102-4.1 Temporary erosion and pollution control work required will be performed as scheduled or directed by the RPR. Completed and accepted work will be measured as follows:

a. Temporary seeding and mulching will be measured by the square yard.

b. Temporary inlet protection will be measured by the number of each filter sock inlet protection structure placed and accepted.

c. Temporary Inlet Filter Insert will be measured by the number of each insert placed and accepted.

d. Marsh Mat will be measured by the linear feet of the mat placed and accepted.

e. Temporary rock construction entrances shall be measured by the number of each entrance placed and accepted, maintained, and removed in accordance with this specification.

f. Installation and removal of silt fence will be measured by the linear foot installed and accepted.

g. Concrete Washout Pit will be measured by the number of each pit placed, accepted, removed and restored at the conclusion of the project.

102-4.2 Control work performed for protection of construction areas outside the construction limits, such as borrow and waste areas, haul roads, equipment and material storage sites, and temporary plant sites, will not be measured and paid for directly but shall be considered as a subsidiary obligation of the Contractor.

BASIS OF PAYMENT

102-5.1 Accepted quantities of temporary water pollution, soil erosion, and siltation control work ordered by the RPR and measured as provided in paragraph 102-4.1 will be paid for under:

Item C-102-5.1 Temporary Seeding and Mulching - per square yard

Item C-102-5.2 Temporary Inlet Protection - per each

Item C-102-5.3 Temporary Inlet Filter Insert – per each

Item C-102-5.4 Marsh Mat – per linear foot

Item C-102-5.5 Temporary Rock Construction Entrance – per each

Item C-102-5.6 Silt Fence – per linear foot

Item C-102-5.7 Concrete Washout Pit – per each

Temporary Air and Water Pollution, Soil Erosion, and Siltation Control C-102-6

Where other directed work falls within the specifications for a work item that has a contract price, the units of work shall be measured and paid for at the contract unit price bid for the various items.

Temporary control features not covered by contract items that are ordered by the RPR will be paid for in accordance with Section 90, paragraph 90-05 Payment for Extra Work.

REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to within the text by the basic designation only.

Advisory Circulars (AC)

AC 150/5200-33 Hazardous Wildlife Attractants on or Near Airports

AC 150/5370-2 Operational Safety on Airports During Construction

ASTM International (ASTM)

ASTM D6461 Standard Specification for Silt Fence Materials

United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)

FAA/USDA Wildlife Hazard Management at Airports, A Manual for Airport Personnel

Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC)

Kentucky Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, Edition of 2019 and all associated supplemental specifications

END OF ITEM C-102

Method of Estimating Percentage of Material Within Specification Limits (PWL) C-110-1

ITEM C-110 Method of Estimating Percentage of Material Within Specification Limits (PWL)

110-1 General. When the specifications provide for acceptance of material based on the method of estimating percentage of material within specification limits (PWL), the PWL will be determined in accordance with this section. All test results for a lot will be analyzed statistically to determine the total estimated percent of the lot that is within specification limits. The PWL is computed using the sample average (X) and sample standard deviation (Sn) of the specified number (n) of sublots for the lot and the specification tolerance limits, L for lower and U for upper, for the particular acceptance parameter.

From these values, the respective Quality index, QL for Lower Quality Index and/or QU for Upper Quality Index, is computed and the PWL for the lot for the specified n is determined from Table 1. All specification limits specified in the technical sections shall be absolute values. Test results used in the calculations shall be to the significant figure given in the test procedure.

There is some degree of uncertainty (risk) in the measurement for acceptance because only a small fraction of production material (the population) is sampled and tested. This uncertainty exists because all portions of the production material have the same probability to be randomly sampled. The Contractor’s risk is the probability that material produced at the acceptable quality level is rejected or subjected to a pay adjustment. The Owner’s risk is the probability that material produced at the rejectable quality level is accepted.

It is the intent of this section to inform the Contractor that, in order to consistently offset the Contractor’s risk for material evaluated, production quality (using population average and population standard deviation) must be maintained at the acceptable quality specified or higher. In all cases, it is the responsibility of the Contractor to produce at quality levels that will meet the specified acceptance criteria when sampled and tested at the frequencies specified.

110-2 Method for computing PWL. The computational sequence for computing PWL is as follows:

a. Divide the lot into n sublots in accordance with the acceptance requirements of the specification.

b. Locate the random sampling position within the sublot in accordance with the requirements of the specification.

c. Make a measurement at each location, or take a test portion and make the measurement on the test portion in accordance with the testing requirements of the specification.

d. Find the sample average (X) for all sublot test values within the lot by using the following formula:

X = (x1 + x2 + x3 + . . .xn) / n

Where: X = Sample average of all sublot test values within a lot x1, x2, . . .xn = Individual sublot test values n = Number of sublot test values

e. Find the sample standard deviation (Sn) by use of the following formula:

Method of Estimating Percentage of Material Within Specification Limits (PWL) C-110-2

Sn = [(d1 2 + d2

2 + d3 2 + . . .dn

2)/(n-1)]1/2

Where: Sn = Sample standard deviation of the number of sublot test values in the set d1, d2, . . .dn = Deviations of the individual sublot test values x1, x2, … from the average value X that is: d1 = (x1 - X), d2 = (x2 - X) … dn = (xn - X) n = Number of sublot test values

f. For single sided specification limits (i.e., L only), compute the Lower Quality Index QL by use of the following formula:

QL = (X - L) / Sn

Where: L = specification lower tolerance limit

Estimate the percentage of material within limits (PWL) by entering Table 1 with QL, using the column appropriate to the total number (n) of measurements. If the value of QL falls between values shown on the table, use the next higher value of PWL.

g. For double-sided specification limits (i.e., L and U), compute the Quality Indexes QL and QU by use of the following formulas:

QL = (X - L) / Sn and QU = (U - X) / Sn

Where: L and U = specification lower and upper tolerance limits

Estimate the percentage of material between the lower (L) and upper (U) tolerance limits (PWL) by entering Table 1 separately with QL and QU, using the column appropriate to the total number (n) of measurements, and determining the percent of material above PL and percent of material below PU for each tolerance limit. If the values of QL fall between values shown on the table, use the next higher value of PL or PU. Determine the PWL by use of the following formula:

PWL = (PU + PL) - 100

Where: PL = percent within lower specification limit PU = percent within upper specification limit

EXAMPLE OF PWL CALCULATION

Project: Example Project

Test Item: Item P-401, Lot A.

A. PWL Determination for Mat Density.

1. Density of four random cores taken from Lot A.

A-1 = 96.60 A-2 = 97.55

Method of Estimating Percentage of Material Within Specification Limits (PWL) C-110-3

A-3 = 99.30 A-4 = 98.35 n = 4

2. Calculate average density for the lot.

X = (x1 + x2 + x3 + . . .xn) / n X = (96.60 + 97.55 + 99.30 + 98.35) / 4 X = 97.95% density

3. Calculate the standard deviation for the lot.

Sn = [((96.60 - 97.95)2 + (97.55 - 97.95)2 +(99.30 -97.95)2 + (98.35 -97.95)2)) / (4 - 1)]1/2

Sn = [(1.82 + 0.16 + 1.82 + 0.16) / 3]1/2

Sn = 1.15

4. Calculate the Lower Quality Index QL for the lot. (L=96.3)

QL = (X -L) / Sn

QL = (97.95 - 96.30) / 1.15

QL = 1.4348

5. Determine PWL by entering Table 1 with QL= 1.44 and n= 4.

PWL = 98

B. PWL Determination for Air Voids.

1. Air Voids of four random samples taken from Lot A.

A-1 = 5.00 A-2 = 3.74 A-3 = 2.30 A-4 = 3.25

2. Calculate the average air voids for the lot.

X = (x1 + x2 + x3 . . .n) / n X = (5.00 + 3.74 + 2.30 + 3.25) / 4 X = 3.57%

3. Calculate the standard deviation Sn for the lot.

Sn = [((3.57 - 5.00)2 + (3.57 - 3.74)2 + (3.57 - 2.30)2 + (3.57 -3.25)2) / (4 - 1)]1/2

Sn = [(2.04 + 0.03 + 1.62 + 0.10) / 3]1/2

Sn = 1.12

4. Calculate the Lower Quality Index QL for the lot. (L= 2.0)

QL = (X - L) / Sn

QL = (3.57 - 2.00) / 1.12

QL = 1.3992

5. Determine PL by entering Table 1 with QL = 1.41 and n = 4.

Method of Estimating Percentage of Material Within Specification Limits (PWL) C-110-4

PL = 97

6. Calculate the Upper Quality Index QU for the lot. (U= 5.0)

QU = (U - X) / Sn

QU = (5.00 - 3.57) / 1.12

QU = 1.2702

7. Determine PU by entering Table 1 with QU = 1.29 and n = 4.

PU = 93

8. Calculate Air Voids PWL

PWL = (PL + PU) - 100

PWL = (97 + 93) - 100 = 90

EXAMPLE OF OUTLIER CALCULATION (REFERENCE ASTM E178)

Project: Example Project

Test Item: Item P-401, Lot A.

A. Outlier…