Attachment 2 - BiNOD Performance Spec Rev A (24Feb2025).pdf

METRIC

MIL-PRF-A3309670

7 February 2025

PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION

for

BINOCULAR NIGHT OBSERVATION DEVICE (BiNOD) formerly Night Vision Device Next (NVD-N)

7 February 2025

Rev A

This performance specification is approved for use by the Program Executive Office Soldier (PEO SOLDIER), Department of the Army, and is available for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense.

Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions) and any pertinent data which may be of use in improving this document should be addressed to: Product Manager Soldier Maneuver Sensors, 9625 Middleton Rd, Bldg. 1189, ATTN: SFAE-SDR-SWAR -SMS, Fort Belvoir, VA 22060-5824

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT D. Distribution is authorized to Department of Defense and their contractors for official use or for administrative and operational use. Other requests for this document shall be referred to Product Manager Soldier Maneuver Sensors, 9625 Middleton Rd, Bldg. 1189, ATTN: SFAE-SDR-SWAR-SMS, Fort Belvoir, VA 22060-5824 i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Scope

1.1 Identification

2. Applicable Documents

2.1 General

2.1.1 Order of Precedence

2.1.2 Government Documents

3. Requirements

3.1 Description

3.1.1 Use and Concept of Operation

3.1.2 System Architecture(s)

3.1.3 Kit Items

3.1.4 Authorized Accessories

3.1.5 Major Sub-Components

3.2 Qualification

3.3 Construction

3.3.1 Parts and Materials

3.3.2 Finishes

3.3.3 Marking

3.4 Glossary of Technical Terms

3.4.1 Damage

3.4.2 Degradation of Performance

3.4.3 Interchangeability

3.4.4 Objective Space

3.4.5 Instantaneous Objective Space

3.4.6 Entrance Pupil

3.4.7 Ocular Space

3.4.8 Instantaneous Ocular Space

3.4.9 Optical Field Point

3.4.10 Areal Field of View

3.4.11 Field Boundary Point

3.4.12 Field Boundary

3.4.13 Viewable Volume Element

3.4.14 Eye Box

3.4.15 Exit Pupil

3.4.16 Eye Relief

3.4.17 Sample Aperture

3.4.18 Centered Sample Aperture

ii

3.4.19 De-Centered Sample Aperture

3.4.20 Objective/Ocular Space Optical Field Vector

3.4.21 Objective/Ocular Optical Axis

3.4.22 Optical Radiant

3.4.23 Absolute Field Angle Coordinate

3.4.24 Objective Space Horizon

3.4.25 Ocular Space Horizon

3.4.26 Objective Space Meridian

3.4.27 Ocular Space Meridian

3.4.28 Objective/Ocular Space Horizontal Field of View

3.4.29 Objective/Ocular Space Vertical Field of View

3.4.30 Optical Aspect

3.4.31 Optical Magnification

3.4.32 Optical Distortion

3.4.33 Normalized Field Angle Coordinate

3.4.34 Paraxial Field Angle

3.4.35 Mid-Peripheral Field Angle

3.4.36 Peripheral Field Angle

3.4.37 Optical Misalignment

3.4.38 Divergence

3.4.39 Convergence

3.4.40 Dipvergence

3.4.41 Binocular Overlap

3.4.42 Interpupillary Distance (IPD)

3.4.43 Narrow IPD Setting

3.4.44 Wide IPD Setting

3.4.45 Nominal IPD Setting

3.4.46 Nit (nt)

3.4.47 Spot Size

3.4.48 Nominal Monocular Unobstructed Static Field of View

3.4.49 Nominal Binocular Unobstructed Static Field of View

3.5 Technical Requirements

3.5.1 Safety and Comfort

3.5.2 Interoperability

3.5.3 Serviceability

3.5.4 User Interface and Controls

3.5.5 Night Vision Performance

iii

3.5.6 Security

3.5.7 Durability and Workmanship

4. Verification

4.1 Classification of Inspections

4.1.1 Production Qualification Testing (PQT)

4.1.2 Lot Acceptance Testing (LAT)

4.1.3 Reliability Testing

4.1.4 Component Level Verification Substitution for System-Level Specifications

5. Packaging, Handling, Storage, and Transportation

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 - Specifications, Standards, and Handbooks Table 2 - Nominal Monocular Unobstructed Static Field of View (Right Eye) Table 3 - Nominal Binocular Unobstructed Static Field of View (Both Eyes) Table 4 - Protective Mask Compatibility Requirements Changes Table 5 - AR70-1 Compliant Gloves Compatibility Table 6 - BiNOD Interchangeable System Component List Table 7 - NV-IPM Model for Man Target Detection Table 8 - NV-IPM for Laser Spot Target Table 9 - Characteristic Dimension vs. Range Table 10 - Resolution Equivalents for Snellen Acuities Table 11 - High Ambient Light Protection Operational Mode Visual Acuity Performance Thresholds Table 12 - System Operational State Table Table 13 - Off-Axis Veiling Glare Table 14 - Field Zone Definitions Table 15 - Dark Spots* Table 16 - Allowable Chicken Wire Table 17 - Temperature Shock Transitions Table 18 - Chemical and Decontamination Agents Table 19 - Reliability Testing Operational Monitoring Parameters Table 20 - Performance/Conformance Verification (Requirements Verification Matrix)

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 - BiNOD Top Level System Architecture (Option A – Integrated Mount) Figure 2 - BiNOD Top Level System Architecture (Option B – Detachable Mount) Figure 3 - Nominal Monocular Unobstructed Static Field of View (Right Eye) Figure 4 - Nominal Binocular Unobstructed Static Field of View (Both Eyes) Figure 5 - BiNOD Reference Coordinate System Figure 6 - BiNOD Adjustment Range Diagram 1 Figure 7 - BiNOD Adjustment Range Diagram 2 Figure 8 - BiNOD Stow Configuration Figure 9 - Authorized Protective Eyewear List (APEL) Figure 10 - Cycle A: Cold Storage/Operational Temperature Cycle Profile Figure 11 - Cycle B: Hot Storage/Operational Temperature Cycle Profile Figure 12 - BiNOD Acceleration Spectral Density Function Vibration Sweep Figure 13 - Extreme Environment Test Sequence

1. SCOPE

1.1 Identification

This performance specification covers the requirements for the Binocular Night Observation Device (BiNOD).

2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

2.1 General

The document references in this performance specification are needed to meet the requirements specified in Section 3 Requirements. This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this description or recommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort has been made to ensure the completeness of this list, document users are cautioned they must meet the requirements of this description, whether they are listed in this section or not.

2.1.1 Order of Precedence

In the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the referenced cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.

2.1.2 Government Documents

2.1.2.1 Specifications, Standards, and Handbooks

Table 1 lists the latest approved versions of the following specifications, standards, and handbooks form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those listed in the issue of the Department of Defense Index Specifications and Standards (DoDISS) and supplement thereto, cited in the solicitations.

Table 1 - Specifications, Standards, and Handbooks DoD Specifications Document Number Document Name MIL-DTL-14072G Finishes for Ground Based Electronic Equipment MIL-PRF-13830B Performance Specification: Optical Components for Fire Control Instruments; General

Specification Governing the Manufacture, Assemble, and Inspection MIL-PRF-49257 Coated Optical Components (Classified) MIL-PRF-31013 Spectacles, Special Protective Eyewear Cylindrical System (SPECS) MIL-PRF-44366B Spectacles, Protective, Laser, Ballistic (BLPS) Military Specifications Document Number Document Name MIL-STD-129R w/Change 3 Military Marking for Shipping and Storage MIL-STD-130N w/Change 1 Identification Marking of U.S. Military Property MIL-STD-171F Finishing of Metal and Wood Surfaces MIL-STD-461G Requirements for the Control of Electromagnetic Interference Characteristics of Subsystems and Equipment MIL-STD-464D Electromagnetic Environmental Effects Requirements for Systems MIL-STD-810H Environmental Engineering Considerations and Laboratory Tests MIL-STD-1474E Design Criteria Standard Noise Limits MIL-STD-2169D High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) Environment (Classified) MIL-STD-3056 Design Criteria for Chemical, Biological, and Radiological System Contamination Survivability Federal Standard Document Number Document Name AMS-STD-595A Colors Used in Government Procurement U.S. Army Regulation Document Number Document Name AR 70-38 Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation of Materiel for Extreme Climatic Conditions Miscellaneous Document Number Document Name STP 21-1-SMCT Soldier’s Manual of Common Tasks, Warrior Skills, Level 1 N/A U.S. Department of Commerce National Telecommunications and Information Administration

(NTIA) Manual of Regulations and Procedures for Federal Radio Frequency Management, May 2014

N/A Authorized Protective Eyewear List https://www.peosoldier.army.mil/equipment/eyewear/ Interface Control Documents A33XXXXX- Interface Control Document for BiNOD Binocular Bridge/Monocular Assembly1

1 The ICD number will be finalized during EMD.

3. REQUIREMENTS

3.1 Description

3.1.1 Use and Concept of Operation

The key application of the BiNOD system is to enable the Close Combat Force Direct Support (CCF-DS) Soldiers to match and maintain the operational tempo obtained by the CCF utilizing advanced Soldier vision systems such as Integrated Visual Augmentation System (IVAS) and Enhanced Night Vision Goggle

– Binocular (ENVG-B), both of which have provided these users with enhanced maneuver and task completion speed in low-light conditions with the confidence and capability increase brought about by upgrading the low light imaging to provide binocular vision. The BiNOD is intended to provide the maneuver and task speed benefits of a high-performance binocular low-light vision system in a simple operation, cost-effective product package for the CCF Soldier. As such, the BiNOD is a head-borne, battery-operated, low ambient-light vision system providing the user with three selectable operational configurations and two selectable non-operational configurations. The three operational configurations are: 1) full binocular low light imaging, 2) left eye monocular low light imaging + right eye unobstructed, un-aided vision, and 3) right eye monocular low light imaging + left eye unobstructed, un-aided vision.

The two non-operational configurations are: 1) head mounted binocular stow, and 2) non-head mounted storage/transport.

As a low-light imaging system upgrade from the current monocular systems to a binocular version, the BiNOD is intended to be compatible and interoperable with the same soldier equipment that is currently compatible with the fielded monocular or bi-ocular systems such as the AN/PVS-14 and AN/PVS-7 goggles. Specifically, the compatibility must include the currently fielded helmets with the standard night vision goggle (NVG) shroud mount and other personal protection items such as gloves, gas masks, and eye protection. Additionally, the system will also be used in conjunction with fielded weapon mounted aiming lasers and is expected to be fully interoperable with these fielded items.

3.1.2 System Architecture(s)

The BiNOD shall have one of two (2) optional system architectures. The relationships between BiNOD kit items, major sub-components, and authorized accessories for each of the optional system architectures is shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.

Figure 1 - BiNOD Top Level System Architecture (Option A – Integrated Mount)

Figure 2 - BiNOD Top Level System Architecture (Option B – Detachable Mount)

The BiNOD consists of a binocular goggle, hereinafter referred to as the binocular, with or without integrated helmet NVG shroud mount interface, a helmet mount interface (if not integrated with the binocular), a soft carry case, objective lens cap, sacrificial window, light interference filter, eye-piece de-mist shield, a Quick Reference Guide (QRG)and user manual. The helmet NVG shroud mount interface, either integrated with the binocular as in System Architecture Option A or a separate kit item as in System Architecture B, allows the binocular to be attached to the night vision shroud mount of the Integrated Head Protection System (IHPS), Advanced Combat Helmet (ACH), and Enhanced Combat Helmet (ECH) helmet systems. The binocular consists of two monoculars interfaced to the binocular bridge assembly and an included battery compartment. Each monocular consists of an imaging sensor assembly, an objective lens assembly, hereinafter referred to as the objective, and an eyepiece lens assembly, hereinafter referred to as the eyepiece. The interconnected monoculars are aligned and positioned with respect to (WRT) each other to permit binocular viewing. The binocular in conjunction with the helmet mount interface provides the user adjustment functions of binocular and individual monocular stow, binocular tilt, binocular vertical translation, binocular fore/aft translation, and independent monocular lateral translation. The carrying case provides protection for the binocular, helmet NVG shroud mount (if not integrated in the binocular image assembly), user manual, lens caps, sacrificial windows, and de-mist shields against the conditions associated with carrying these items in a field environment.

3.1.3 Kit Items

3.1.3.1 Architecture A Kit Items

For BiNOD system following Architecture A, the kit items shall be:

a) Binocular Goggle (1 ea.)

b) User Manual (1 ea.)

c) Sacrificial Window (2 ea.)

d) Light Interference Filter (2 ea.)

e) De-Mist Shield (2 ea.)

f) Objective Lens Cap (2 ea.)

g) Soft Carry Case (1 ea.)

h) Lanyard (1 ea.)

i) Quick Reference Guide (1 ea.)

3.1.3.2 Architecture B Kit Items

For the BiNOD system in Architecture B, the kit items shall be:

a) Binocular Goggle (1 ea.)

b) User Manual (1 ea.)

c) Sacrificial Window (2 ea.)

d) Light Interference Filter (2 ea.)

e) De-Mist Shield (2 ea.)

f) Objective Lens Cap (2 ea.)

g) Helmet NVG Shroud Mount (1 ea.)

h) Soft Carry Case (1 ea.)

i) Lanyard (1 ea.)

k) Quick Reference Guide (1 ea.)

3.1.4 Authorized Accessories

The BiNOD approved accessories may include but may not be limited to:

a) Batteries

b) Eyecup

c) External Battery Pack (if available)

d) External Battery Cable (if available)

e) Helmet Mounted Counterweight

3.1.5 Major Sub-Components

3.1.5.1 Architecture A Major Sub-Components

For BiNOD system following Architecture A, the major sub-components shall be:

a) Binocular Bridge Assembly (1 ea.)

b) Objective Lens Assembly (2 ea.)

c) Eye-Piece Lens Assembly (2 ea.)

d) Imaging Sensor Assembly (2 ea.)

e) Helmet/NVG Shroud Interface Assembly (1 ea.)

3.1.5.2 Architecture B Major Sub-Components

For BiNOD system following Architecture B, the major sub-components shall be:

a) Binocular Bridge Assembly (1 ea.)

b) Objective Lens Assembly (2 ea.)

c) Eye-Piece Lens Assembly (2 ea.)

d) Imaging Sensor Assembly (2 ea.)

3.2 Qualification

Unless otherwise specified by the contract or purchase order, BiNOD systems furnished under this specification shall be products approved as qualified products.

3.3 Construction

The BiNOD shall be constructed in accordance with (IAW) the contract or purchase order and all the requirements of this specification.

3.3.1 Parts and Materials

Parts and materials shall be as specified herein. The contractor shall select the parts and materials which shall be capable of meeting all the operational and environmental requirements specified herein.

Any change of a part or material after qualification requires notification of the procuring activity and submittal of proposed re-qualification. Recovered materials shall be used to the maximum extent possible.

3.3.2 Finishes

The BiNOD system surfaces for exposed, contiguous, non-optical materials is flat, dull per SAE-AMS-STD- 595A. The following are excluded: buttons, screws, mount assemblies, finger pads, small area items less than 10% of exposed surface area relative to the whole exposed surface area. Unless otherwise specified, all metallic parts shall be treated IAW MIL-STD-171F.

3.3.3 Marking

Manufacturer shall apply the item marking criteria IAW MIL-STD-130N Change 1.

3.3.3.1 Shipping Container

Shipping/storage container shall be marked per MIL-STD-129R.

3.3.3.2 Soft Carry Case

N/A

3.3.3.3 Helmet NVG Shroud Mount (Assembly)

N/A

3.3.3.4 Binocular Bridge Assembly

The binocular bridge shall be marked with the following information which shall be visible to operator or maintainer without system disassembly:

a) Label- System Nomenclature

b) Label- National Stock Number (NSN)

c) Label- System Serial Number

d) Label- Commercial and Government Entity Code (CAGEC)

e) Label- Manufacturer's Part Number

f) Label- Manufacture Date [Contractor Format]

g) Label- System Warranty Expiration Date [MMMYY]

h) Label- Contract Number

i) Integral to Part- U.S. Government Property

3.3.3.5 Imaging Sensor Assembly

The imaging sensor assembly shall be marked with the following information which shall be visible before and/or after system disassembly:

a) Label or Government approved method - Part Nomenclature

b) Label or Government approved method - National Stock Number (NSN)

c) Label or Government approved method - Part Serial Number

d) Label or Government approved method - Commercial and Government Entity Code (CAGEC)

e) Label or Government approved method - Manufacturer's Part Number

f) Label or Government approved method - Manufacture Date [Contractor Format]

g) Label or Government approved method - System Warranty Expiration Date [MMMYY]

h) Label or Government approved method - Contract Number

3.3.3.6 Objective Lens Assembly

N/A

3.3.3.7 Eyepiece Lens Assembly

The eyepiece lens assembly focus ring shall have setting position indicators with marking required in

3.5.4.24 of this specification or IAW Drawing #5009549.

3.3.3.8 Light Interference Filter (LIF)

The LIF container/wrench shall be marked with MX-11617/AVS-6(V) 54490-5009737 NSN: 5855-01-379- 1410.

3.4 Glossary of Technical Terms

3.4.1 Damage

An operational failure or malfunction, including but not limited to arcing, corona, intermittent operation, flickering, brittleness, cracking, corrosion, separation, or failure of any finish, adhesive, coating, material, hardware, or fasteners; condensation, residue, fogging, or moisture on any internal surface; looseness; accumulation of foreign object debris in the usable image area of the BiNOD (i.e., the eyepiece optics or low light viewed to the operator) larger than one display pixel in size; dent, cracks or breakage of any hardware, connection, switch, or component; any change in alignment of any and all optics.

3.4.2 Degradation of Performance

A cumulative change of the measured level of performance that can result in the assembly no longer meeting specified requirements, or a degradation of greater than 25% in measured performance of gain or signal to noise. Cumulative changes are that which occur either during, or as the result of, any one test or series of tests.

3.4.3 Interchangeability

An item which possesses such functional and physical characteristics as to be equivalent in performance, reliability, and maintainability, to another item of similar or identical purposes; and capable of being exchanged for the other item without selection for fit or performance, and without alteration of the items themselves or of adjoining items, except for adjustment.

3.4.4 Objective Space

The physical space external to the system in which points at finite and infinite physical or apparent distances from the system objective lens vertex and from which the system objective lens can form a real image on a spatially readable photo-sensitive device.

3.4.5 Instantaneous Objective Space

The subset of points in the objective space that have a one-to one correspondence with every readable point on the readable photo-sensitive device at any instant in time.

3.4.6 Entrance Pupil

The single physical or apparent opening in a plane parallel to the system x-y plane which constrains to the same projected solid angle the light emitted by every point in instantaneous objective space that is equidistant from the objective lens.

3.4.7 Ocular Space

The non-physical space consisting of the virtual images of points formed by the system ocular eyepiece at finite or infinite apparent distances from the ocular vertex and into which the system ocular eyepiece can project a virtual image of a spatially writable photo-emissive device.

3.4.8 Instantaneous Ocular Space

The subset of all points in ocular space that have a one-to-one correspondence with every writeable point of the spatially addressable photo-emissive device at any instant in time.

3.4.9 Optical Field Point

Any point in the instantaneous objective space which has a one-to-one correspondence to a point in instantaneous ocular space.

3.4.10 Areal Field of View

The locus of all optical field points.

3.4.11 Field Boundary Point

Any optical field point in objective space for which an adjacent point can be found that is not an optical field point.

3.4.12 Field Boundary

The locus of all field boundary points.

3.4.13 Viewable Volume Element

The light ray bundle generated by one of the writable elements of the photo-emissive device that is limited by and transmitted by the system ocular.

3.4.14 Eye Box

A volume made up of the intersection of all viewable volume elements.

3.4.15 Exit Pupil

The areal planar region of intersection of the eye box by a plane parallel to the system x-y plane at a specified distance along the optical axis between the ocular vertex and the plane of intersection.

3.4.16 Eye Relief

The linear distance along the optical axis between the ocular vertex and an exit pupil plane in which the exit pupil area meets a minimum area criterion.

3.4.17 Sample Aperture

The open aperture of a test or measurement device that can be placed coplanar to a specified exit pupil.

3.4.18 Centered Sample Aperture

A sample aperture in which the geometric center of the sample aperture coincides with the optical axis.

3.4.19 De-Centered Sample Aperture

A sample aperture in which the geometric center of the sample aperture is translated in a specified direction in the x-y plane by a non-zero distance from the optical axis.

3.4.20 Objective/Ocular Space Optical Field Vector

The imaginary straight line passing through the geometric center of the entrance pupil/exit pupil or sample aperture and extending to the field point in objective/ocular space that corresponds to a specified objective/ocular space field point.

3.4.21 Objective/Ocular Optical Axis

The optical field vector for the objective/ocular space field point at the geometric center of the areal field of view.

3.4.22 Optical Radiant

An imaginary straight line perpendicular to and originating at the optical axis.

3.4.23 Absolute Field Angle Coordinate

The absolute length of an optical radiant that terminates at a specific field point measured in angular units.

3.4.24 Objective Space Horizon

The imaginary line that contains the optical radiants parallel to the system x-axis (See Figure 5 - BiNOD Reference Coordinate System).

3.4.25 Ocular Space Horizon

The locus of points in virtual space corresponding to the locus of points of the objective space horizon.

3.4.26 Objective Space Meridian

The imaginary line that contains the optical radiants parallel to the system y-axis (See Figure 5 - BiNOD Reference Coordinate System).

3.4.27 Ocular Space Meridian

The locus of points in virtual space corresponding to the locus of points of the objective space meridian.

3.4.28 Objective/Ocular Space Horizontal Field of View

The angular span between opposing field boundary points of the objective/ocular space horizon.

3.4.29 Objective/Ocular Space Vertical Field of View

The angular span between the opposing field boundary points of the objective/ocular space meridian.

3.4.30 Optical Aspect

The ratio of the vertical field of view to the horizontal field of view.

3.4.31 Optical Magnification

The ratio between an ocular space absolute field angle coordinate and the objective space absolute field angle coordinate for a given optical field point.

3.4.32 Optical Distortion

Optical magnification that varies for different optical field points measured as the percent change in magnification at a specific field point with reference to the optical magnification at a fixed specified optical field point.

3.4.33 Normalized Field Angle Coordinate

The absolute field angle coordinate divided by one-half the horizontal field of view.

3.4.34 Paraxial Field Angle

Any object/ocular space field angles between 0° and 5°.

3.4.35 Mid-Peripheral Field Angle

Any object/ocular space field angles between 5° and 15°.

3.4.36 Peripheral Field Angle

Any object/ocular space field angles between 15° and full field.

3.4.37 Optical Misalignment

A condition in which the optical field vectors in ocular space for two monoculars in a binocular system for the same optical field point are not parallel (See Figure 5 - BiNOD Reference Coordinate System).

3.4.38 Divergence

An optical misalignment in which optical field vectors projected into the x-y plane have an intersection in the negative z region (See Figure 5 - BiNOD Reference Coordinate System).

3.4.39 Convergence

An optical misalignment in which optical field vectors projected into the x-y plane have an intersection in the positive z region.

3.4.40 Dipvergence

A type of optical misalignment in which optical field vectors projected into the y-z plane have an intersection in either the positive or negative z regions (See Figure 5 - BiNOD Reference Coordinate System).

3.4.41 Binocular Overlap

The ratio of the intersection to the union of two monocular areal fields of view for a binocular system.

3.4.42 Interpupillary Distance (IPD)

The linear distance between the geometric centers of the exit pupils in the same plane of two monoculars of a binocular system.

3.4.43 Narrow IPD Setting

For an adjustable IPD system, the minimum settable IPD or the required minimum IPD if the settable IPD can achieve a smaller separation than the minimum separation required distributed equally between the two monoculars if independently adjustable.

3.4.44 Wide IPD Setting

For an adjustable IPD system, the maximum settable IPD or the required maximum if the settable IPD can achieve a wider separation than the maximum separation required distributed equally between the two monoculars if independently adjustable.

3.4.45 Nominal IPD Setting

For an adjustable IPD system, the average of the wide and narrow IPD settings distributed equally between the two monoculars if independently adjustable.

3.4.46 Nit (nt)

The International System of Units (SI) unit of luminance equivalent to 1 candela/m2. Also approximated in non-SI units as 0.291864 foot-Lamberts (fL).

3.4.47 Spot Size

The maximum angular separation between edges of a visible spot in image space in which the spot edge is defined as the point at which the luminance contrast with reference to the average luminance of the area surrounding the spot is at least 0.3. The average luminance of the area surrounding the spot is defined as the average luminance for a circular area surrounding the spot with a diameter at least 10 times the approximate diameter of the spot.

3.4.48 Nominal Monocular Unobstructed Static Field of View

The reference field of view of a single eye for the average human observer while fixated on a single horizon field point directly ahead the observer. Figure 3 depicts the monocular (for the right eye) visual field boundary in polar coordinates with 0,0 representing the fixated horizon field point, and the integrated solid angle enclosed within that monocular visual field boundary. The polar coordinates for the field boundary in 15° increments in φ (∆φ=15°) as well as the differential solid angle (∆Ω) and total solid angle (Σ ∆Ω) enclosed is shown in Table 2.

Figure 3 - Nominal Monocular Unobstructed Static Field of View (Right Eye)

Table 2 - Nominal Monocular Unobstructed Static Field of View (Right Eye)

Nominal Monocular Unobstructed Static Field of View (Right Eye) f q f q DW

(deg) (deg) (rad) (rad) (sr)

0 90 0.00 1.57 0.26 15 87 0.26 1.52 0.25 30 81 0.52 1.42 0.22 45 71 0.79 1.25 0.18 60 62 1.05 1.08 0.14 75 55 1.31 0.97 0.11 90 50 1.57 0.88 0.09

105 50 1.83 0.88 0.09 120 49 2.09 0.86 0.09 135 49 2.36 0.86 0.09 150 49 2.62 0.86 0.09 165 50 2.88 0.87 0.09 180 51 3.14 0.89 0.10 195 51 3.40 0.89 0.10 210 49 3.67 0.85 0.09 225 43 3.93 0.76 0.07 240 47 4.19 0.81 0.08 255 55 4.45 0.96 0.11 270 66 4.71 1.16 0.16 285 75 4.97 1.30 0.19 300 83 5.24 1.46 0.23 315 88 5.50 1.53 0.25 330 88 5.76 1.54 0.25

345 90 6.02 1.57 0.26

Σ ∆Ω= 3.61

3.4.49 Nominal Binocular Unobstructed Static Field of View

The reference field of view of both eyes for the average human observer while fixated on a single horizon field point directly ahead of an average human observer. Figure 4 depicts the binocular visual field boundary in polar coordinates with 0,0 representing the fixated horizon field point, and the integrated solid angle enclosed within that binocular visual field boundary. The polar coordinates for the field boundary in 15° increments in φ (∆φ=15°) as well as the differential solid angle (∆Ω) and total solid angle (Σ ∆Ω) enclosed is shown in Table 3.

Figure 4 - Nominal Binocular Unobstructed Static Field of View (Both Eyes)

Table 3 - Nominal Binocular Unobstructed Static Field of View (Both Eyes)

Nominal Binocular Unobstructed Static Field of View (Both Eyes) f q f q DW

(deg) (deg) (rad) (rad) (sr)

0 90 0.00 1.57 0.26 15 87 0.26 1.52 0.25 30 81 0.52 1.42 0.22 45 71 0.79 1.25 0.18 60 62 1.05 1.08 0.14 75 55 1.31 0.97 0.11 90 50 1.57 0.88 0.09

105 55 1.83 0.97 0.11 120 62 2.09 1.08 0.14 135 71 2.36 1.25 0.18 150 81 2.62 1.42 0.22 165 87 2.88 1.52 0.25 180 90 3.14 1.57 0.26 195 90 3.40 1.57 0.26 210 88 3.67 1.54 0.25 225 88 3.93 1.53 0.25 240 83 4.19 1.46 0.23 255 75 4.45 1.30 0.19 270 66 4.71 1.16 0.16 285 75 4.97 1.30 0.19 300 83 5.24 1.46 0.23 315 88 5.50 1.53 0.25 330 88 5.76 1.54 0.25

345 90 6.02 1.57 0.26

Σ ∆Ω= 4.96

3.5 Technical Requirements

3.5.1 Safety and Comfort

3.5.1.1 Storage Configuration Volume

The detached BiNOD and mount shall have a storage configuration occupying a rectangular volume less than 1900 cm3 (T) and less than 1250 cm3 (O). The storage configuration volume shall also include the following: batteries, filters, sacrificial windows, objective lenses set to close focus, and eyepieces set to - 2 D.

3.5.1.2 System Mass

The BiNOD system total mass shall not exceed 904 grams. Total system mass shall be determined including the following: lithium batteries, filters, sacrificial windows, and helmet interface mount.

These items are excluded from the total system mass determination: eyecups and retention lanyard.

3.5.1.3 Z-Axis Center of Gravity

The BiNOD system z-axis center of gravity measured from the BiNOD coordinate system origin IAW the BiNOD defined coordinate system, as shown in Figure 5 - BiNOD Reference Coordinate System, shall be ≤+60 mm, ≥-100 mm while in the binocular deployed configuration with the fore/aft and vertical adjustments set to mid-range or nominal positions, objective lenses set to infinity focus, eyepieces set to 0 D and included mount, batteries, filters, and sacrificial windows. Eyecups and lanyard shall be excluded.

Figure 5 - BiNOD Reference Coordinate System

3.5.1.4 Y-Axis Center of Gravity

The BiNOD system y-axis center of gravity measured from the BiNOD coordinate system origin IAW defined coordinate system in Figure 5 shall be ≤+40 mm, ≥-10 mm while in binocular deployed configuration with objective lenses set to infinity focus, eyepieces set to 0 D and included mount, batteries, filters, and sacrificial windows. Eyecups and lanyard shall be excluded.

3.5.1.5 X-Axis Center of Gravity

The BiNOD system x-axis center of gravity measured from the BiNOD coordinate system origin IAW defined coordinate system in Figure 5 shall be ≤+20 mm, ≥-20 mm while in binocular deployed configuration with interpupillary distance set to nominal, objective lenses set to infinity focus, eyepieces set to 0 D and included mount, batteries, filters, and sacrificial windows. Eyecups and lanyard shall be excluded.

3.5.1.6 Yaw Moment of Inertia

The BiNOD system yaw moment of inertia shall be ≤2.0 e6 gm mm2 WRT system vertical axis of rotation passing through system center of gravity parallel to the BiNOD coordinate system y-axis as shown in Figure 5.

3.5.1.7 Pitch Moment of Inertia.

The BiNOD system pitch moment of inertia shall be ≤2.5 e6 gm mm2 WRT system horizontal axis of rotation passing through system center of gravity parallel to the BiNOD coordinate system x-axis as shown in Figure 5.

3.5.1.8 Roll Moment of Inertia

The BiNOD system roll moment of inertia shall be ≤2.0 e6 gm mm2 WRT system longitudinal axis of rotation passing through system center of gravity parallel to the BiNOD coordinate system z-axis as shown in Figure 5.

3.5.1.9 Monocular Eye Relief

Each of the BiNOD monocular channels shall provide an un-vignetted full field of view at an eye relief of ≥24.5 mm WRT BiNOD eyepiece vertex of lens element closest to operator's eye.

3.5.1.10 Monocular Decentered Pupil

Each monocular of the BiNOD shall be usable with a decentered pupil up to a radial distance from the optical axis of ≥5 mm with a sample aperture size not less than 4 mm and not more than 5 mm, radial distance along a perpendicular to the optical axis, and decentered sample aperture located at the maximum eye relief of 24.5 mm. (See 3.5.5.9, 3.5.5.10, 3.5.5.11)

3.5.1.11 Left/Right Channel Brightness Gain Balance

The BiNOD brightness gain variance between the left and right monocular channels shall be less than 40% WRT the mean at all manual gain settings, while viewing a uniformly lit white target at 3 light levels:

3.4 e-5, 3.4 e-4, and 3.4 e-3 nt with a 2856K color temperature.

3.5.1.12 Left/Right Paraxial Zone Optical Misalignment

The maximum virtual space radial optical misalignment between the same objective space target point between left and right monocular channels including all misalignment contributors such as optical axis variance, magnification/distortion mismatch, and roll mismatch of shall be ≤0.5 degrees within the paraxial field zone with the objective lens focus set to infinity, and eyepieces set to 0 D at the wide, nominal and narrow IPD settings with a centered sample aperture for each IPD setting not less than 4 mm nor more than 5 mm diameter and no more than 24.5 mm eye relief.

3.5.1.13 Left/Right Mid-Peripheral Zone Optical Misalignment

The maximum virtual space radial optical misalignment between the same objective space target point between left and right monocular channels including all misalignment contributors such as optical axis variance, magnification/distortion mismatch, and roll mismatch of shall be ≤0.8 degrees within the mid-peripheral field zone with the objective lens focus set to infinity, and eyepieces set to 0 D at the wide, nominal and narrow IPD settings with a centered sample aperture for each IPD setting not less than 4 mm nor more than 5 mm diameter and no more than 24.5 mm eye relief.

3.5.1.14 Left/Right Peripheral Zone Optical Misalignment

The maximum virtual space radial optical misalignment between the same objective space target point between left and right monocular channels including all misalignment contributors such as optical axis variance, magnification/distortion mismatch, and roll mismatch of shall be ≤1.0 degrees within the peripheral field zone with the objective lens focus set to infinity, and eyepieces set to 0 D at the wide, nominal and narrow IPD settings with a centered sample aperture for each IPD setting not less than 4 mm nor more than 5 mm diameter and no more than 24.5 mm eye relief.

3.5.1.15 Binocular Magnification/Distortion Mismatch

Not used.

3.5.1.16 Binocular Field of View Overlap

The binocular overlap of the left and right monocular areal fields of view shall be minimum of 85% at the narrow, nominal, and wide interpupillary distance settings with the monocular objectives set for infinity focus and eyepieces set for 0 diopters (D).

3.5.1.17 Monocular Imager Roll Error

Each monocular of the BiNOD shall have roll error maximum of 1.0° measured as the average slope of the ocular space optical horizon over a span of at least twice the angular subtense of the minimum peripheral field using a centered sample aperture and not less than 4 mm nor more than 5 mm diameter and no more than 24.5 mm eye relief.

3.5.1.18 Binocular Roll Mismatch

Not used.

3.5.1.19 Monocular Diopter Adjustment Range

The BiNOD shall have for each monocular an eyepiece diopter adjustment range of at least -2 D to +1 D.

3.5.1.20 Interpupillary Distance Accommodation Range

The BiNOD binocular system shall have an adjustable interpupillary distance over a range of at least 55 mm to 70 mm between monocular exit pupils at an eye relief of 24.5 mm with no vignetting of the full field of view using centered sample apertures no larger than 5 mm diameter. Interpupillary distance range shall be centered on the y-z plane and adjustment shall be possible while maintaining the plane containing both monocular optical axes parallel to the x-z plane.

3.5.1.21 Deployed Vertical Displacement Adjustment Range

The BiNOD binocular system shall provide vertical displacement adjustment minimum range of ±8 mm as indicated in Figure 7 WRT vertical adjustment range midpoint position as indicated in Figure 6 while the binocular is in deployed configuration with the tilt adjustment set to the midpoint of the adjustment range and the fore/aft adjustment set to the midpoint of the adjustment range.

Figure 6 - BiNOD Adjustment Range Diagram 1

Figure 7 - BiNOD Adjustment Range Diagram 2

3.5.1.22 Deployed Fore/Aft Displacement Adjustment Range

The BiNOD binocular system shall provide fore/aft displacement adjustment minimum range of ±10 mm as indicated in Figure 7 WRT fore/aft adjustment range midpoint position as indicated in Figure 6 while the binocular is in deployed configuration with the tilt adjustment set to the midpoint of the adjustment range and the vertical adjustment set to the midpoint of the adjustment range.

3.5.1.23 Deployed Tilt Angle Adjustment Range

The BiNOD binocular system shall provide tilt angle adjustment total range of ±5° as indicated in Figure 7 WRT tilt adjustment range midpoint position as indicated in Figure 6 while the binocular is in deployed configuration with the fore/aft adjustment set to the midpoint of adjustment range and vertical adjustment set to the midpoint of adjustment range.

3.5.1.24 Monocular Stow Forward Field Residual Obscuration

The residual monocular obscuration of the user's static total monocular forward field of regard for the eye pertaining to the stowed monocular with the BiNOD in monocular stow shall be ≤20% where the total monocular static forward field of regard includes the helmet edge obscurations and the deployed monocular channel obscurations.

3.5.1.25 Binocular Stow Forward Field Residual Obscuration

The residual binocular obscuration of the user's static total binocular forward field of regard for both eyes with the BiNOD in binocular stow shall be ≤15% where the total static binocular forward field of regard includes the helmet edge obscurations.

3.5.1.26 Binocular Stow Vertical Protrusion

The vertical protrusion in full binocular stow configuration shall be less than 150 mm measured from the highest point of the stowed system to the center point of the male mount of the shroud interface per Figure 8 with the vertical, fore/aft, and tilt adjustments set to midpoint of ranges and eyepiece and objective lenses focused at infinity.

Figure 8 - BiNOD Stow Configuration

3.5.1.27 Binocular Stow Forward Protrusion

The forward protrusion in full binocular stow configuration shall be less than 100 mm measured from the furthest point forward of the stowed system to the center point of the male mount of the shroud interface per Figure 8 with the vertical, fore/aft, and tilt adjustments set to the midpoint of ranges and eyepiece and objective lenses focused at infinity.

3.5.1.28 G-Shock System Emergency Breakaway

The BiNOD shall provide for system emergency breakaway under short duration g-shock.

3.5.1.29 G-Shock System Emergency Breakaway Excess Force

The BiNOD system shall break away under impulse shock with a force of between 11 g and 13 g when the impulse force of less than 100 ms duration is applied as torque about the system x-axis as shown in Figure 5 at the z-axis center of gravity per 3.5.1.3 while in deployed state.

3.5.1.30 G-Shock System Emergency Breakaway Release Time

The BiNOD shall break away from the helmet under the loading defined in 3.5.1.29 in ≤1 sec.

3.5.1.31 Prolonged Excessive Force System Emergency Breakaway The BiNOD shall provide for system emergency breakaway under prolonged excessive applied force.

3.5.1.32 Prolonged Excessive Force System Emergency Breakaway Excess Force The BiNOD system shall break away under a prolonged excessive force of 65 N ± 35 N when the prolonged force of more than 100 ms duration is applied as torque about the system x-axis as shown in Figure 5 at the z-axis center of gravity per 3.5.1.3 while in deployed state. Breakaway shall not be activated in the performance of any of the positional adjustments described herein.

3.5.1.33 Prolonged Excessive Force System Emergency Breakaway Release Time The BiNOD shall break away from the helmet under the loading defined in 3.5.1.32 in ≤3 sec.

3.5.1.34 Emergency Breakaway Residual Retained Head Supported Mass The residual head supported mass of the BiNOD system after the system emergency breakaway occurs shall be ≤100 g.

3.5.1.35 Emergency Breakaway Residual Retained Forward Projection The residual forward projection of the BiNOD system after emergency breakaway occurs perpendicular from the mounting face of the shroud mount bracket shall be ≤25 mm.

3.5.1.36 Soft Carry Case Internal Volume

The system soft carry case internal volume shall be consistent with the storage volume IAW 3.5.1.1.

3.5.1.37 Soft Carry Case External Volume

The system soft carry case external volume shall not exceed 110% of the soft carry case internal volume per 3.5.1.36 while storing all kit items and accessories IAW 3.5.2.13.

3.5.1.38 Soft Carry Case Empty Mass

The system soft carry case empty mass shall be less than 350 gm.

3.5.2 Interoperability

3.5.2.1 Helmet Compatibility

The BiNOD goggle shall be compatible with the IHPS, ACH, and ECH helmet systems in all helmet-mounted configurations including binocular deployed, binocular stowed, monocular deployed, and monocular stowed and provide full range of position adjustability in the deployed configurations for IPD, vertical, fore/aft, and tilt adjustments per 3.5.1.20, 3.5.1.21, 3.5.1.22, and 3.5.1.23.

3.5.2.2 Protective Mask Compatibility

The BiNOD goggle shall be compatible with both Nuclear, Biological, Chemical (NBC) hazard masks M50 and M51 in all helmet-mounted configurations including binocular deployed, binocular stowed, monocular deployed, and monocular stowed with reduced adjustment range permitted in fore/aft and tilt and performance reduction permitted IAW Table 4.

Table 4 - Protective Mask Compatibility Requirements Changes

Item Req Para Title Revised Threshold*

1 3.5.6.2 Light Emission Waived 2 3.5.5.5 Monocular Optical Magnification Waived 3 3.5.5.6 Monocular Optical Distortion Waived 4 3.5.5.13 Near Focus Visual Acuity On-Axis 20/80 5 3.5.5.8 Monocular Centered Pupil Infinity Focus On-Axis Visual Acuity 20/40 6 3.5.5.10 Monocular Centered Pupil Infinity Focus Off-Axis Visual Acuity 20/60 7 3.5.5.12 Monocular Centered Pupil Infinity Focus Stop Position On-Axis Visual Acuity 20/100

3.5.2.3 Helmet Mount Compatibility

The BiNOD shall be compatible with the NVG helmet mount shroud IAW Government drawing A3256368 in all helmet-mounted configurations including binocular deployed, binocular stowed, monocular deployed, and monocular stowed and provide full range of position adjustability in the deployed configurations for IPD, vertical, fore/aft, and tilt per 3.5.1.20, 3.5.1.21, 3.5.1.22, and 3.5.1.23.

3.5.2.4 Light Interference Filter (LIF) Compatibility

Each BiNOD monocular objective lens shall be compatible with the standard LIF (NSN 5855-01-379-1410) IAW Government drawing 5009738 being capable of receiving the accessory and retaining the accessory throughout vibration, temperature shock, and storage temperature extremes.

3.5.2.5 Eyepiece Sacrificial Window

Each BiNOD monocular eyepiece shall be compatible with standard eyepiece shield IAW Government drawing A3256353 being capable of receiving the accessory and retaining the accessory throughout vibration, temperature shock and storage temperature extremes.

3.5.2.6 Objective Lens Sacrificial Window

Each BiNOD objective lens shall be compatible with standard objective lens sacrificial window IAW Government drawing A3144264 being capable of receiving the accessory and retaining the accessory throughout vibration, temperature shock, and storage temperature extremes.

3.5.2.7 Eye Protection Compatibility

The BiNOD goggle shall be compatible with at least one of the "Spectacles" group and at least one of the "Goggles" group based on the list of approved protective eyewear shown in Figure 9 in all helmet-mounted configurations including binocular deployed, binocular stowed, monocular deployed, and monocular stowed with reduced adjustment range permitted in fore/aft and tilt and performance reduction permitted IAW Table 4.

Figure 9 - Authorized Protective Eyewear List (APEL)

3.5.2.8 Glove Compatibility

The BiNOD controls and functions shall be compatible with the list of approved gloves and mittens in Table 5.

Table 5 - AR70-1 Compliant Gloves Compatibility

AR70-1 Compliant Gloves for Compatibility

1 Oakley Men's Factory Pilot Glove, Black

2 FREETOO Tactical Gloves Military Rubber Hard Knuckle Outdoor Gloves

3 Campstool Tactical Shooting Gloves Fingerless Half Finger Tactical Gloves

4 JIUSY Army Military Tactical Touch Screen Rubber Hard Knuckle Full Finger Gloves.

5 OBOSOE Tactical Gloves Voqan Medium Tactical Military Army AR-670-1

6 HIKMAN Tactical Army Military Goves Rubber Hard Knuckle Outdoor Full Finger

7 Mechanix Wear -M-Pact Coyote Tactical Gloves

8 TitanOPS Full Finger Half Finger Hard Knuckle Motorcycle Military Tactical Combat Training

9 Viperade Men's Tactical Gloves Military Rubber Hard Knuckle Outdoor Glove

10 AXBXCX Touch Screen Plastic Hard Knuckle Full Finger and Fingerless Tactical Gloves

3.5.2.9 Aiming Laser Compatibility

The BiNOD shall be able to detect the aim point projected from any of the following aiming lasers:

AN/PEQ-15, PEQ-2A, and PSQ-23.

3.5.2.10 Test Set Compatibility

The BiNOD shall be optically and mechanically compatible with the Test Set, Electronic Systems TS- 3895A/UV NSN: 6625-01-301-6894 (or Government-approved test set) using the appropriate adaptive hardware.

3.5.2.11 Eyecup Compatibility

The BiNOD monocular eyepieces shall be compatible with external eyecups being capable of receiving the accessory and retaining the accessory throughout vibration, temperature shock, and storage temperature extremes.

3.5.2.12 Mission-Oriented Protective Posture (MOPP), Level IV Compatibility The BiNOD shall be compatible for normal user operation, user maintenance, and unit-level maintenance for users donning the MOPP IV personal protective gear where normal operation includes all helmet mounted configurations with reduced adjustment range permitted in the fore/aft and tilt and performance reduction permitted IAW Table 4.

3.5.2.13 Soft Carry Case Kit Item/Accessories Compatibility

The system soft carry case shall be capable of storing all of the following kit items as specified in 3.1.3.1 for Architecture A: a) Binocular Goggle (1 ea.), b) User Manual (1 ea.), c) Sacrificial Window (2 ea.), d) Light Interference Filter (2 ea.), e) De-Mist Shield (2 ea.), f) Objective Lens Cap (2 ea.), and h) Lanyard (1 ea.). Or as specified in 3.1.3.2 for Architecture B: a) Binocular Goggle (1 ea.), b) User Manual (1 ea.), c) Sacrificial Window (2 ea.), d) Light Interference Filter (2 ea.), e) De-Mist Shield (2 ea.), f) Objective Lens Cap (2 ea.), g) Helmet NVG Shroud Mount (1 ea.), and i) Lanyard (1 ea.), and the following authorized accessories: a) Batteries (1 spare set as required for operation), and b) Eyecup (2 ea.).

3.5.2.14 Soft Carry Case Pouch Attachment Ladder System (PALS) Compatibility The system soft carry case shall be compatible with the PALS and shall provide a means to attach the case to the Soldier’s Load Bearing Equipment (LBE).

3.5.3 Serviceability

3.5.3.1 Battery Quantity

The BiNOD shall operate on no more than two (2) commercially available batteries.

3.5.3.2 Battery Type

The BiNOD shall operate with both AA L91 Lithium and AA Alkaline battery types.

3.5.3.3 Room Temperature Battery Life

The BiNOD shall operate continuously for at least 12 hours on a single set of new L91 Lithium batteries at -20°C to 49°C.

3.5.3.4 Cold Temperature Battery Life

The BiNOD shall operate continuously for at least 8 hours on a single set of new L91 Lithium batteries at -20°C to -40°C.

3.5.3.5 Hot Temperature Battery Life

The BiNOD shall operate continuously for at least 12 hours on a single set of new L91 Lithium batteries at +49°C.

3.5.3.6 Battery Reverse Polarity Protection

The BiNOD shall have battery polarity reversal damage protection such that the system shall not be damaged by incorrect insertion of the batteries.

3.5.3.7 Sacrificial Window Replacement

Sacrificial windows for both the monocular objective lens defined in 3.5.2.6 and the eyepiece lens defined in 3.5.2.5 shall be user replaceable without special tools. Gloved hand replacement is not required.

3.5.3.8 Light Interference Filter (LIF) Replacement

The LIF for the monocular objective lens defined in 3.5.2.4 shall be user replaceable without special tools beyond the LIF container/wrench provided with the system. Gloved hand replacement is not required.

3.5.3.9 Eyecup Replacement

Eyecups for both the monocular eyepieces defined in 3.5.2.11 and the eyepiece lens defined in 3.5.2.5 shall be user replaceable without special tools. Gloved hand replacement is not required.

3.5.3.10 Interchangeable Components

The BiNOD system shall implement interchangeable system components per Table 6.

Table 6 - BiNOD Interchangeable System Component List

BiNOD Interchangeable System Component List 1 Objective Lens Assembly 2 Eyepiece Lens Assembly 3 Imaging Sensor Assembly 4 Binocular Bridge Assembly

5 Helmet NVG Shroud Mount Assembly

3.5.3.11 Objective Lens Assembly Replacement

The BiNOD objective lens assembly shall be capable of fault diagnosis and replacement at the unit level by a trained maintenance technician utilizing TS-3895A/UV or…