31_36_00_Amendment_0003.pdf

Boardman Dam Removal and River Restoration

SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS

DIVISION 31 - EARTHWORK

SECTION 31 36 00

STREAMBANK CONSTRUCTION

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

1.2 References

1.3 SUMMARY

1.4 Related Sections

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

1.6 SUBMITTALS

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLATION

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SECTION 31 36 00 Page 1

SECTION 31 36 00

STREAMBANK CONSTRUCTION

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

1.2 References

The publications listed below form a part of this Section to the extent referenced. The most recent issue of each publication shall apply, unless otherwise noted. The publications are referred to in the text by the basic designation only.

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

ASTM D6525 Test for Measuring Nominal Thickness of Permanent Rolled Erosion Control Products

ASTM D1117 Standard Guide for Evaluating Nonwoven Fabrics

ASTM D6475 Test for Measuring Mass Per Unit Area of Erosion Control Blankets

ASTM D1388 Test for Stiffness of Fabrics

ASTM D6818 Test for Ultimate Tensile Properties of Turf Reinforcement Mats

ASTM D1777 Test for Thickness of Textile Materials

ASTM D4595 Test for Tensile Properties of Geotextiles by the Wide-Width Strip Method

ASTM D3776 Test for Mass Per Unit Area (Weight) of Fabric

Erosion Control Technology Council (ECTC)

ECTC Standard Specification for Rolled Erosion Control Products

1.3 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes:

1. Fabric Encapsulated Soil (FES) Lift construction at the locations of

SECTION 31 36 00 Page 2 the former dam embankment and beneath the new Cass Road Bridge.

2. In other areas, two streambank construction methods detailed below are considered OPTION items to be exercised at the Government's discretion.

1.4 Related Sections

1. Section 31 23 00 - Earthwork

2. Section 31 40 00 - Slope Protection and Erosion Control

3. Section 31 37 00 - Streambed Construction

5. Section 32 90 00 - Planting

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Reference Standards:

Refer 1.2 REFERENCES.

B. Coir fabrics shall consist of 100% biodegradable mats. Nylon fiber material in any of the coir fabrics is not acceptable. Only those coir fabrics specified will be accepted unless otherwise approved by the COR.

C. Each roll of coir and filter fabric shall be packaged individually in a suitable sheet, wrapper, or container to protect the fabric from damage to ultraviolet light, moisture, and mud during normal storage and handling.

D. Each roll of coir and filter fabric shall be identified with a tag or label securely affixed to the outside of the roll on one end. The label shall include the manufacturer or supplier, the style number, and the roll and lot numbers.

E. Store all coir and filter fabrics elevated off the ground and ensure that they are adequately covered to protect the material from damage.

Protect coir and filter fabrics from sharp objects which may damage the fabric.

F. Coir and filter fabrics damaged during transport, storage or placement shall be replaced at the Contractors expense.

G. The Government may randomly select and obtain samples from rolls of coir and filter fabric after arrival on the site and prior to installation to compare to previously submitted samples.

H. Coir and filter fabric with seams are not acceptable.

1.6 SUBMITTALS

SD-04 Samples

1. Samples; G-DR

a. Submit technical data for and samples of coir fabrics (woven and nonwoven) pro-posed for use in construction of FES lifts for approval by the COR.

b. Submit sources and intended willow species to be used for Live Cuttings.

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PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS

A. Nonwoven (inner) Coir Fabric

1. The inner layer of nonwoven coir fabric shall be North American Green

(NAG) style C125BN 100% biodegradable coconut fiber mat or approved eq ual. The fabric shall meet or exceed the following criteria:

Property Test Method Criterion Thickness ASTM D6525 0.28 in (7.11 mm) Resiliency ECTC Guidelines 85% Water Absorbency ASTM D1117 365% Mass/Unit Area ASTM D6475 8.83 oz/yd2 (300 g/m2) Swell ECTC Guidelines 40% Smolder Resistance ECTC Guidelines Yes Stiffness ASTM D1388 0.11 oz-in Light Penetration ECTC Guidelines 17.7% Tensile Strength -MD ASTM D6818 141.6 lbs/ft (2.1 kN/m) Elongation - MD ASTM D6818 14% Tensile Strength - TD ASTM D6818 222 lbs/ft (3.29 kN/m) Elongation - TD ASTM D6818 14.3% Roll Width Measured 6.6 ft.

B. Woven (outer) Coir Fabric

1. The outer layer of woven coir fabric shall be a high strength 700

Weight (100% coconut fiber), continuously woven mat. Seams that run the length of the fabric are not acceptable. The fabric shall meet or exceed the flowing criteria:

Parameter Test Method Criterion Thickness ASTM D1777 0.30 inches Tensile Strength ASTM D4595 100 lb/in x 70 lb/in Mass/Unit Area ASTM D3776 20 oz./yd2 Open Area Measured 50%, maximum Roll Width Measured 9.9 ft or 13.2 ft (see below)

2. The woven (outer) coir fabric (if without seams) shall be Bon Terra CF-7, DeKoWe 700, Nedia KoirMat 700, Rolanka BioDMat 70, or Approved Equal.

C. Channel Bed Material

1. Shall be as defined in Section 31 37 00 Streambed Construction

D. Organic Soil

1. Shall be soil material salvaged from project excavation as defined in

Section 312300 Earthwork. Sources to be used for Streambank Construction to be reviewed for approval by COR prior to installation.

Soil shall generally be silty and/or sandy soil with notable organic material content, free of chemical contaminants, stumps, and other deleterious materials and organic material greater than 2 inches in diameter. Organic Soil shall be suitable to enable vegetative establishment by native riparian or other vegetation.

E. Wood Stakes

1. Wood Stakes shall be used to anchor all coir fabrics. Stakes shall be wooden stakes solid and free of knots or defects. Stakes shall be 18 inches length. Stakes shall be wedge shaped with a minimum equivalent diameter equal to 1.5 inches at the top and should come to

SECTION 31 36 00 Page 4 a point at the bottom. Stakes shall be constructed by cutting a standard grade 2 inch x 4 inch lumber lengthwise along the diagonal to create wedge shaped stakes, or by some other method resulting in a stake of dimensions approved by the COR.

F. Wood Staples

1. Wood Staples shall be 12 inches in length, untreated, solid, and free of knots or defects. Wood Staples shall be North American Green 12 inch Eco-stakes or Approved Equal.

G. Seed

1. Material requirements for Seed shall be as defined in Section 32 90 00 Planting.

H. Live Cuttings

1. Live cuttings consist of cuttings from live stems of shrubs or trees that are provided in an un-rooted condition and have the ability to establish roots and shoots if planted under proper conditions.

2. Live cuttings shall be sourced from willow species native to Grand Traverse County that are adapted to growing in streambank areas. Live cuttings shall include a mix of 2 to 3 species meeting these requirements. The species intended for use shall be submitted for review and approval by the COR.

3. Live cuttings shall be taken from healthy plants within 100 miles of the project site.

4. The materials shall be collected between October 15 and March 1 and no more 14 days before installation. Contractor shall provide documentation from supplier that the materials were harvested no more than 14 days prior to planting. Any deviation from these sourcing requirements requires approval of the COR. Documentation authenticating the date cuttings were acquired shall be submitted to the Government prior to acceptance.

5. Cuttings shall remain continuously wet from harvest to placement, stored in water and shade with approximately 80% of length from distal end submerged. Water should be changed every 1 to 2 days if cuttings are kept in a container.

6. The basal end (bottom) of the materials shall be indicated by a clean, slanted cut. All lateral stems shall be removed at the juncture with the main stem. Tops of the materials (distal ends) shall be indicated by a cut perpendicular to the stem.

7. The diameter of Live Cuttings shall be 0.5 to 1 inch at their midpoint, and shall be of sufficient length to satisfy the installation requirements shown on the Drawings.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLATION

A. Fabric Encapsulated Soil (FES) Lifts(OPTIONAL Item)

1. The number of lifts to be installed for each section of streambank shall be according to the total vertical bank height designated for FES lift construction as follows:

Total Vertical Bank Height Number of Lifts < 1.5' 1 1.6' to 3.0' 2 3.1' to 4.5' 3

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4.6' to 6.0' 4 6.1' to 7.5' 5 7.6' to 9.0' 6 9.1' to 10.5' 7 10.6' to 12.0' 8 12.1' to 13.5' 9 13.6' to 15.0' 10

2. Fabric widths: 13.1 foot wide woven coir (outer) fabrics shall be used for the top and bottom lift at each location. 9 foot wide woven coir (outer) fabrics shall be used for all middle (if required) lifts.

3. Perform all shaping of the subgrade to the elevations, lines and grades, as indicated on the Drawings. Shape, trim, and finish slopes of channels to conform with the subgrade lines, grades, and cross sections as indicated on the Drawings. The subgrade shall be graded to a smooth condition free from depressions and protruding rocks, sticks, and other debris which may prevent a smooth application or that may damage the fabric. Care shall be taken to remove all objects that would interfere with application or damage the coir fabrics. The finished subgrade shall be approved by the COR prior to placement of any new material.

4. Do not carry the excavation for the subgrade deeper than the elevation shown on the Drawings. Excavation carried below the subgrade lines shown on the on the Drawings shall be replaced with constructed streambed. The Contractor shall bear all costs for correcting over excavated areas.

5. Place live cuttings on 2-foot average spacing on the outside bank of meander bends between fabric wrapped soil lifts. Confirm extents of live cutting placement with Engineer. Bed and cover the live cuttings with a 3 inch layer of soil so that the entire portions of the live cuttings that will be buried by the overlying lift are in contact with soil.

6. FES lift construction sequence:

a. Place forms along the bank in locations to achieve the lines and grades shown on the Drawings.

b. Roll woven (outer) coir fabric along the streambank and place fabric against the subgrade and (vertical) form face with embedment lengths as indicated.

c. Roll nonwoven (inner) coir fabric along the streambank and place on top of the woven coir fabric to achieve the embedment length shown on the Drawings.

d. Remove all wrinkles in coir fabric and insure that fabrics rest tightly against the subgrade and form face with the proper embedment lengths. Allow excess coir fabric to drape over the form toward the stream channel.

e. Apply Floodplain Seed, defined in Section 32 90 00 - Planting, to that portion of nonwoven coir fabric that is placed against the vertical face of the form.

f. Fill material as designated on the Drawings shall be placed in layers not to exceed 0.5 feet and then compacted to 85% maximum density. Additional layers of soil mixtures shall be placed and compacted to reach a lift height of 1.0 to 1.5 feet as indicated.

g. Apply Flooplain Seed to the soil lift prior to wrapping with fabric.

In the case of multiple lifts, be sure to seed only those areas exposed following completion of the entire bank.

h. Pull coir fabrics that are draped over the form back over seeded soil. Pull coir fabrics tight and stake according to the Specifications and Drawings.

i. Supplemental stakes shall be installed in any areas where the fabric is loose and can easily be pulled away from the surface.

SECTION 31 36 00 Page 6

Finished fabric installation should be tight and not easily moved by hand.

j. Wood stakes may be placed through both layers of coir fabrics. It is not required to anchor the nonwoven and woven fabrics individually. Wood stakes shall be placed between the fibers of the woven coir fabric. Cutting of the coir fabrics to facilitate wooden stake placement will not be allowed.

k. Damaged coir fabric shall be repaired or replaced. If damaged coir fabric has a tear of 6 inches or less, scrap fabric may be placed beneath damaged woven coir fabric such that it extends 24 inches beyond the damaged area in all directions. Stake around the tear with 4 wooden stakes on 12-inch centers. Coir fabrics with tears greater than 6 inches shall be replaced at the Contractor's expense.

l. Remove forms. Note, forms can be removed by hand, or pried with a bar if necessary. Contractor shall not use motorized equipment to remove forms. Shape the face of the completed lifts to result in a modestly sloping face profile.

m. Compress the face of the FES Lift so that it forms a 45° angle from vertical. This process shall not minimize the tension of the woven (outer) or nonwoven (inner) fabrics.

n. Repeat a-m above to achieve the lines and grade shown on the Drawings.

7. Maintenance: Live Cuttings and Floodplain Seed placed in Fabric Encapsulated Soil Lifts shall be watered and maintained by Contractor following installation until the dormant period that follows their installation.

B. Fabric Slope Protection

1. Fabric Slope Protection is an OPTIONAL item to be placed in the project site as needed at the discretion of the Government.

2. Install according to manufacturer's instructions and as shown on the

Drawings and indicated herein. Install woven (outer) coir fabrics over nonwoven (inner) coir fabric in installation of the work.

3. The area to be covered by the coir fabrics shall be graded to a smooth condition free from depressions and protruding rocks, sticks, and other debris which may prevent a smooth application or that may damage the fabric. Care shall be taken to remove all objects that would interfere with application or damage the coir fabrics.

4. Following surface preparation, install Floodplain Seed as indicated herein prior to placement of coir fabrics.

5. The coir fabrics shall be placed and anchored as indicated on the Drawings andherein using wood stakes. Wood stakes may be placed through both layers of coir fabrics. It is not required to anchor the nonwoven and woven fabrics individually. Wood stakes shall be placed between the fibers of the woven (outer) coir fabric. Cutting of the coir fabrics to facilitate wooden stake placement will not be allowed.

6. Damaged coir fabric shall be repaired or replaced. If damaged coir fabric has a tear of 6 inches or less, scrap fabric may be placed beneath damaged woven coir fabric such that it extends 24 inches beyond the damaged area in all directions. Stake around the tear with 4 wooden stakes on 12-inch centers. Coir fabrics with tears greater than 6 inches shall be replaced at the Contractor's expense.

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