Technical Exhibit Z Div 32 Exterior Improvements.pdf

ASPHALT SURFACE TREATMENT 320113.62 - 1

SECTION 320113.62 – ASPHALT SURFACE TREATMENT

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 01 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

1.2 MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES

A. The bituminous material and aggregate to be paid for will be the measured quantities used in the accepted work.

1. Bituminous Material: The amount of bituminous material to be paid for will be measured in tons or the number of gallons of material used in the accepted work, corrected to gallons at 60 degrees F in accordance with ASTM D 633 or ASTM D1250, using a coefficient of expansion of 0.0025 per degree F for asphalt emulsion.

2. Aggregate: The amount of aggregate paid for will be the number of metric 2,000 pounds tons or cubic meter yards of aggregate placed and accepted in the completed work or placed in authorized stockpiles.

3. Quantity Limits: The bituminous material and aggregate shall be spread within the quantity limits shown in PART 2; bids shall be based on the mean of the values in the tables. The individual quantities of bituminous material and aggregate may be varied to meet specific field conditions at all times during the progress of the work, as directed, without adjustments to contract unit prices.

1.3 PAYMENT PROCEDURES

A. The quantities of aggregates and bituminous material, determined as specified in paragraph MEASURENT AND PAYMENT, will be paid for at the respective contract unit prices, which payment shall constitute full compensation for all operations necessary to complete the work as specified herein.

1.4 WAYBILLS AND DELIVERY TICKETS

A. Before the final statement is allowed, file with the Contracting Officer certified waybills and delivery tickets for aggregate and bituminous material used in the bituminous surface treatment.

Do not remove bituminous material from the tank car or storage tank until initial outage and temperature measurements have been taken; nor shall the car or tank be released until final outage has been taken.

ASPHALT SURFACE TREATMENT 320113.62 - 2

1.5 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

A. Provide equipment dependable and adequate for the purpose intended and properly maintained in satisfactory and safe operating condition at all times. Discontinue the use of equipment which fails to produce satisfactory work and replace with satisfactory equipment. Calibrated equipment such as asphalt distributors, scales, batching equipment, spreaders and similar equipment, shall have been recalibrated by an approved calibration laboratory within 12 months prior to commencing work and every 6 months thereafter, by such laboratory from the date of recalibration, during the term of the contract.

1. Bituminous Distributors: The distributors shall have pneumatic tires of such width and number that the load produced on the base surface does not exceed 650 pounds per inch of tire width. Distributors shall be designed and equipped to distribute bituminous material uniformly at even heat on various widths of surface at readily determined and controlled rates ranging from 0.20 to 0.05 to 2.00 gallons/S.Y., with a pressure range of 25 to 75 psi. The allowable variation from any specified rate shall not exceed 5 percent.

Distributor equipment shall include a separate power unit for the bitumen pump, full-circulation spray bars, tachometer, pressure gauges, volume-measuring devices, a thermometer for reading the temperature of tank contents, and a hose attachment suitable for applying bituminous material to areas not accessible with distributor spray bar. The distributor shall be equipped for circulation and agitation of bituminous material during the heating process.

2. Single-Pass, Surface Treatment Machines: The machines shall be capable of spraying bituminous material and spreading aggregate in one pass. Bituminous spraying equipment shall conform to the requirements given above for a bituminous distributor.

The machine shall be capable of spreading aggregates at controlled amounts per square yard as specified. In addition, the single-pass, surface treatment machine shall be capable of placing a surface treatment adjacent to an existing surface treatment, forming a joint of the same thickness and uniformity as other portions of the surface treatment. Ridges or blank spaces will not be permitted. Joints in the second application shall be formed at least 1 foot from those formed in the first application.

3. Heating Equipment for Storage Tanks: The equipment shall consist of coils and equipment for producing steam or hot oil and be designed to prevent the introduction of steam or hot oil into the material. An armored thermometer with a range of 100 to 400 degrees F shall be affixed to the tank so the temperature of the bituminous material may be determined at all times.

4. Power Rollers: Power rollers shall be steel-wheeled or pneumatic-tired type, conforming to the following requirements:

a. Steel-wheeled roller shall have at least one steel drum and weigh a minimum of 5 tons. Steel wheels of the rollers shall be equipped with adjustable scrapers.

b. Pneumatic-tired rollers shall be self-propelled and have wheels mounted on two axles in such a manner that the rear tires will not follow the tracks of the forward group. Tires shall be uniformly inflated to not less than 60 psi nor more than 552 kPa 80 psi pressure. The pneumatic-tired rollers shall be equipped with boxes or platforms for ballast loading and shall be loaded so that the tire print width of each wheel is not less than the clear distance between tire prints.

ASPHALT SURFACE TREATMENT 320113.62 - 3

5. Mechanical Spreaders: The spreaders shall be adjustable and capable of spreading aggregate at controlled amounts per S.Y. as specified.

6. Brooms and Blowers: The machines shall be of the power type, capable of cleaning surfaces to be treated.

7. Scales: The scales shall be standard truck scales of the beam type equipped with a weight-recording device. The scales shall be sufficient in size and capacity to accommodate the trucks used in the hauling aggregates. The scales shall be tested and approved by an inspector of the State Inspection Bureau charged with scale inspection within the state in which the project is located. If an official of the inspection bureau is not available, the scales shall be tested in accordance with state specifications in the presence of the Contracting Officer. Keep the necessary number of standard weights on hand, at all times, for testing the scales.

1.6 SUBMITTALS

A. Submit the following in accordance with specified SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

1. Product Data

Waybills and Delivery Tickets Copies of waybills and delivery tickets during progress of the work.

Cutback Asphalt Asphalt Cement Temperature-viscosity relationship of cutback asphalt and asphalt cement.

2. Test Reports

Copies of test results, within 24 hours after completion of each test.

1.7 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Safety Precautions

1. No smoking, or open flames shall be permitted within 25 feet of heating, distributing, or transferring operations of bituminous materials other than bituminous emulsions. When tar is used, a full face, organic, vapor-type respirator and protective creams shall be used by personnel exposed to fumes. Protective creams shall not substitute for cover clothing.

B. Sampling and Testing

1. Sampling and testing is the responsibility of the Contractor. Sampling and testing shall be performed by an approved commercial testing laboratory, or by the Contractor, subject to approval. Sampling shall be in accordance with ASTM D75/D75M for aggregates and ASTM D140/D 140M for bituminous material, unless otherwise directed. Perform aggregate gradation tests on each sample in accordance with ASTM C136. Perform all other aggregate tests on the initial source samples and repeat tests when there is a change of source. Perform sieve analyses daily from material samples. The tests shall include an

ASPHALT SURFACE TREATMENT 320113.62 - 4

analysis of each gradation of material. Perform tests in sufficient number to ensure that material meet specified requirements.

C. Wear Test

1. Perform the wear test in accordance with ASTM C131 to ensure that aggregates have a percentage of wear not exceeding 40 percent after 500 revolutions. Test shall be performed as specified.

D. Soundness Test

1. Perform the soundness test as specified by ASTM C88 to ensure that aggregates have a weight loss not greater than 12 percent when subject to five cycles of the magnesium sulfate test. Tests shall be performed as specified for aggregates in stockpiles or at the source.

E. Stripping Test

1. Perform stripping tests meeting the requirements of ASTM D 3625. Deleterious substances shall not exceed the requirements of ASTM D1139/D1139M.

1.8 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING

A. Inspect the materials delivered to the site for contamination and damage. Unload and store the materials with a minimum of handling. Store aggregates preventing segregation and contamination.

1.9 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

A. Apply bituminous surface treatment only when the existing surface or base course is dry or contains moisture not in excess of the amount that will permit uniform distribution and the desired adhesion. Bituminous surface treatment shall not be applied when either the atmospheric temperature, in the shade, is below 60 degrees F or the pavement surface to be treated is below 70 degrees F unless otherwise directed.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS

A. Use mineral aggregate and bituminous material of the following types, gradations, grades, and consistencies that meet the requirements of stripping, wear, and soundness tests as specified in paragraph SAMPLING AND TESTING.

1. Mineral Aggregate: provide aggregate consisting of crushed stone, crushed gravel, or crushed slag of such nature that thorough coating of bituminous materials, used in the work, will not strip off upon contact with water. Moisture content of the aggregate shall

ASPHALT SURFACE TREATMENT 320113.62 - 5

be such that the aggregate will be readily coated with the bituminous material. Drying may be required, as directed. Aggregate shall conform to the gradation shown in the following Tables. Determine gradation of the aggregates by ASTM C136.

AGGREGATE GRADATION

SINGLE BITUMINOUS SURFACE TREATMENT

(PERCENT BY WEIGHT PASSING)

Sieve Designation

1 inch

No. 1

No. 2

No. 3

3/4 inch 90-100 100 -- 1/2 inch 20-55 90-100 100 3/8 inch 0-15 40-70 85-100 No. 4 0-5 0-15 10-30 No. 8 -- -- 0.10 No. 16 -- -- 0.5

AGGREGATE GRADATION

DOUBLE BITUMINOUS SURFACE TREATMENT

(PERCENT BY WEIGHT PASSING)

Sieve Designation

1 inch

No. 1

No. 2

No. 3

No. 4

3/4 inch 90-100 100 -- -- 1/2 inch 20-55 100 90-100 -- 3/8 inch 0-15 85-100 40-70 100 No. 4 0-5 10-30 0-15 85-100 No. 8 -- 0-10 0.5 10-40 No. 16 -- -- -- 0-10 No. 50 -- -- -- 0.5

2. Crushed Stone: Provide crushed stone consisting of clean, sound, durable particles, free of soft or disintegrated pieces or foreign matter. At least 90 percent by weight of the particles shall have at least two fractured faces.

3. Crushed Slag: Provide crushed slag which is an air-cooled blast-furnace product having a dry weight of not less than 70 pcf, and consists of angular particles uniform in density and quality and free of dust and foreign matter. Determine the weight of a cubic meter foot of slag aggregate by ASTM C29/C29M.

4. Aggregate Quantities: the bituminous material and aggregate shall be spread within the quantity limits shown below. The individual quantities of bituminous material and aggregate may be varied to meet specific field conditions at all times during the progress of the work, as directed, without adjustments to contract unit prices. Aggregate weights shown are for aggregates having a specific gravity of 2.65. If the specific gravity of the aggregate used is other than 2.65, appropriate adjustments shall be made in number of pounds required to ensure a constant volume of aggregate per S.Y. of treatment.

ASPHALT SURFACE TREATMENT 320113.62 - 6

QUANTITIES (PER S.Y. FOR SINGLE SURFACE TREATMENT)

Bituminous

Gradation No.

Material (Gallons)

Aggregate (Pounds)

1 0.30 – 0.45 35-50 2 0.15 – 0.30 20-25

3. 0.10 – 0.20 15-25

QUANTITIES (PER S.Y FOR DOUBLE SURFACE TREATMENT)

Bituminous Bituminous

Material (Gallons) First

Aggregate (Pounds) First

Material (Gallons) Second

Aggregate (Pounds) Second

No. Application Spreading Application Application

1 0.20 – 0.30 28-34 -- -- 2 -- -- 0.20 – 0.30 20-25 3 0.15 – 0.20 20-25 -- -- 4 -- -- 0.15 – 0.20 10-15

B. Bituminous Materials

1. Cutback Asphalt: Rapid curing cutback asphalt shall conform to ASTM D2082, Designation RC-250, RC-800 or RC-3000.

2. Emulsified Asphalt: Rapid setting emulsified asphalt shall conform to ASTM D 977, Grade RS-1 or RS-2 or ASTM D2987, Grade CRS-1 or CRS-2.

3. Asphalt Cement: Asphalt cement shall conform to ASTM D946/D946M, Penetration

Grade 120-150, Grade 200-300 or ASTM D3381/D3381M, Viscosity Grade AC-2.5, AC-5, AC-10, AC-20 or AR 2000 as specified.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 SURFACE PREPARATION

A. Immediately before applying the first course of bituminous material, clean the surface of loose material with power brooms or power blowers. Take care to remove all dirt, clay and other loose or foreign matter. Flush the surface with water, when necessary to achieve a clean surface, only when directed by the Contracting Officer; allow the surface to dry after flushing

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3.2 APPLICATION OF FIRST COURSE

A. Bituminous Material

1. Apply bituminous material by means of a bituminous distributor at the temperature specified in paragraph APPLICATION TEMPERATURE OF MATERIALS below or as directed; and within the limits specified in paragraph QUANTITY LIMITS in PART 1.

Apply bituminous material in such a manner that uniform distribution is obtained over all surfaces treated. Unless the distributor is equipped to obtain a satisfactory result at the junction of previous and subsequent applications, building paper shall be spread on the surface for a sufficient distance back from the ends of each application so that flow through the sprays may be started and stopped on the paper in order that allow sprays will operate at full force on the surface treated. Immediately after application, remove and destroy the building paper. Areas inaccessible to the distributor shall be properly treated with bituminous material using the hose attachment. Protect adjacent buildings, structured, and trees to prevent their being spattered or marred.

B. Spreading of Aggregate

1. Immediately following application of bituminous material, spread aggregate uniformly over the surface within the limits of the quantities specified in paragraph QUANITY LIMITS in PART 1. Spreading shall be done with mechanical spreaders. Spread aggregate evenly by hand on all areas missed by the mechanical spreader. Equipment spreading aggregate shall be operated backwards, so that the bituminous material will be covered ahead of the truck wheels. When hand spreading is employed on inaccessible areas, spread aggregate directly from the trucks. Additional aggregate shall be spread by hand over the areas having insufficient cover, and spreading will continue during these operations when necessary.

C. Brooming and Rolling

1. Roll the surface with a pneumatic-tired and a steel-wheeled roller after sufficient aggregate is spread. Continue rolling until no more aggregate can be worked into the treated surface. The use of the steel-wheeled roller will be discontinued, or a lighter weight steel wheel roller substituted, as directed, if the roller being used causes excessive crushing and shattering of the aggregate. If the aggregate is not distributed properly, broom the surface as soon as possible after the first coverage by the roller, but not until the surface has set sufficiently to prevent excessive marking. Brooming, rolling and supplemental spreading of aggregate shall continue until the surface is cured and rolled sufficiently to key and set the aggregate. In places not accessible to rollers, compact the aggregate with pneumatic tampers. Aggregate that becomes contaminated with foreign matter shall be removed, replaced with clean aggregate, and rerolled, as directed.

Maintain and protect the treated areas by use of barricades for a period not to exceed 30 days.

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3.3 APPLICATION OF SECOND COURSE

A. Bituminous Treatment

1. Apply the bituminous material for the second course within 48 hours after construction of the first course, weather permitting. Remove excess aggregate prior to the second application of bituminous material. If the treated surface is excessively moistened by rain, allow the surface to dry for such time as deemed necessary. Perform the second application of bituminous material in the manner specified in paragraph APPLICATION OF FIRST COURSE, including temperature and QUANTITY LIMITS.

B. Aggregate:

1. Immediately following the second application of bitumen, aggregate conforming to the gradation and limits specified in paragraph QUANITTY LIMITS shall be spread uniformly over the bituminous material and processed in the manner specified for the first course.

C. Brooming and Rolling Second Course

1. The surface shall be rolled and broomed in the manner specified for the first course until a thoroughly bonded, smooth, even-textured surface is produced. Sweep off the surface surplus aggregate and remove it prior to final acceptance.

3.4 APPLICATION TEMPERATURE OF MATERIALS

A. Cutback Asphalt

1. Use Saybolt Furol as necessary to provide an application viscosity between 0.00004 and

0.00012 square meters per second 40 and 120 centistokes, kinematic or 20 and 60 seconds.

B. Emulsified Asphalt

Within the following ranges:

RS-1: 21.1-60 degrees C70-140 degrees F

RS-2: CRS-1 and CSR 2: 51.7-85 degrees C125-185 degrees F.

C. Asphalt Cement

1. Use Saybolt Furol as necessary to provide an application viscosity between 0.00004 and

0.00012 square meters per second 40 and 120 centistokes, kinematic or 20 and 60 seconds.

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3.5 TRAVEL APPLICATION

A. Preliminary to providing a complete surface treatment, treat three lengths of at least 100 feet each for the full width of the distributor bar. Use the appropriate typical application rates specified herein for one surface treatment trial. Make other surface treatment trials using various amounts of materials as may be deemed necessary.

3.6 PROTECTION

A. Keep all traffic off surfaces freshly treated with bituminous material. Provide sufficient warning signs and barricades so that traffic will not travel over freshly treated surfaces. Protect the treated areas from traffic for at least 24 hours after final application of bituminous material and aggregate, or for such time as necessary to prevent picking up. Immediately prior to opening to traffic, roll the entire treated area with a self-propelled pneumatic-tired roller.

END OF SECTION 320113.62

BITUMINOUS SEAL AND FOG COATS 320113.66 - 1

SECTION 320113.66 – BITUMINOUS SEAL AND FOG COATS

1.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

A. Measure the quantities of bituminous material and aggregate used in the accepted work and to be paid for, provided that the measured quantities are not more than 10 percent over the specified application rate. Any amount of bituminous material and aggregate more than 10 percent over the specified application rate for each application will be deducted from the measured quantities except for irregular areas where hand spraying of the bituminous material and hand spreading of the aggregate is necessary.

1. Bituminous Material Measurement Methods:

a. The amount of bituminous material to be paid for will be measured in 2000 pound tons or gallons at 60 degrees F. Correct volumes measured at temperatures other than 15.6 degrees C 60 degrees F in accordance with ASTM D633 and/or ASTM D1250, using a coefficient of expansion of 0.00045 per degree C, 0.00025 per degree F for asphalt emulsion.

2. Aggregate Measurement Methods:

a. The amount of aggregate to be paid for will be measured in tons or C.Y. of dry aggregate. Measurement of the materials shall be by approved weigh scales.

3. Payment

a. The quantities of aggregate and bituminous material, determined as specified above, will be paid for at the respective contract unit prices. Payment will constitute full compensation for all operations necessary to complete the Work as specified herein.

4. Waybills and Delivery Tickets

a. Do not remove bituminous material from the tank car or storage tank until measurements of the remaining quantity have been taken.

BITUMINOUS SEAL AND FOG COATS 320113.66 - 2

1.3 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

A. Equipment, Plant and Tools

1. Equipment, plant and tools used in the Work are subject to approval and shall be maintained in a satisfactory working condition at all times. Provide equipment which is adequate and has the capability of producing the results specified. Provide calibrated equipment, such as asphalt distributors, scales, batching equipment, spreaders and similar equipment that has been recalibrated by an approved calibration laboratory within 12 months prior to commending the Work and every 6 months thereafter, by such laboratory from the date of recalibration, during the term of the contract. Submit an equipment list with calibration reports.

B. Bituminous Distributors

1. Provide distributors that have pneumatic tires of sufficient size and number to prevent rutting, shoving, or otherwise damaging any part of the pavement structure. Design and equip the distributor to distribute the bituminous material in a uniform double or triple lap at the specified temperature, at readily determined and controlled rates from 0.05 to 2.0 gallons/S.Y., with a pressure range of 25 to 75 psi with an allowable variation from the specified rate of not more than plus or minus 5 percent, and at variable widths. Include in the distributor equipment a separate power unit for the bitumen pump, full-circulation spray bars, tachometer, pressure gauges, volume-measuring devices, adequate heaters for heating of materials to the proper application temperature, a thermometer for reading the temperature of tank contents, and a hand-held hose attachment suitable for applying bituminous material manually to areas inaccessible to the distributor. Equip the distributor to circulate and agitate the bituminous material during the heating process.

Provide distributor with an adjustable, both horizontally and vertically spray nozzle bar.

Make normal width of the bar application at least 12 feet, with provisions for lesser or larger width when necessary. Equip distributor with a meter having a dial registering meters of travel/sec. feet of travel/min. Make both dials visible to the distributor driver.

Provide a thermometer and well, not in contact with any heating tubes, for accurately indicating temperature of asphalt emulsion.

C. Aggregate Spreader

1. Provide a pneumatic-tired roller of sufficient size to seat the cover aggregate into the bituminous material without fracturing the aggregate particles. The rollers shall have a total compacting width of not less than 5 feet. The gross weight shall be adjustable within 200 to 350 psi of compacting width.

D. Power Brooms and Power Blowers

1. Provide power brooms and power blowers suitable for cleaning surfaces to be treated.

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E. Scales

1. Use scales of sufficient size and capacity to accommodate all trucks hauling aggregates in the Work. All scales shall be tested and approved by an inspector of the State inspection bureau charged with scales inspection within the State in which the project is located. If an official of an inspection bureau is not available, test the scales in accordance with the State specifications in the presence of the Contracting Officer. Keep the necessary number of standard weights on hand at all times for testing the scales.

F. Power Rollers

1. Provide self-propelled tandem and three-wheel type rollers, weighing not less than 5 tons and suitable for rolling bituminous pavements. The wheels of the rollers shall be equipped with adjustable scrapers. Equip the rollers with water tanks and sprinkling apparatus for keeping the wheels wet in order to prevent adherence of the bituminous material to the wheels.

G. Single-Pass, Surface-Treatment Machines

1. Provide machines capable of spraying bituminous material and spreading aggregate in one pass; of distributing the bituminous material uniformly, at even heat, and in controlled amounts; and immediately spreading aggregates uniformly, in controlled amounts, over the surface to be sealed.

H. Vacuum Sweepers for Fog Seal

1. Provide self-propelled, vacuum pickup sweeper capable of removing loose sand, water, and debris from the pavement surface.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

A. Submit the following in accordance with specified SUBMITTAL PROCESURES:

1. Product Data

a. Waybills and Delivery Tickets: During the progress of the Work, before the final statement is allowed, file certified waybills and delivery tickets for all materials used in the Work covered by this Section.

b. Equipment List: List the equipment used in the project along with calibration reports.

c. Inspection Reports: Reports of climatic temperature during application of fog seal, emulsion temperature and rate.

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2. Samples

a. Bituminous Materials – Aggregates

From each source of supply, a 4L one gallon sample of bituminous material and a 23 kg 50 pound sample of aggregate for each aggregate size.

b. Fog Seal

Submit in accordance with paragraph titled “Sample Application” for approve al and selection of one of the trial application rates.

c. Test Reports – Tests

Copies of the test results within 24 hours of the completion of the test. Certified copies of the aggregate test results, not less than 30 days before the material is required in the Work. Certified copies of the bituminous materials test reports indicating compliance with applicable specified requirements, not less than 30 days before the material is required in the Work. A copy of the calibration test results, before the bituminous distributor and aggregate spreader are used on the Work.

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Perform sampling and testing using an approved commercial testing laboratory or facilities furnished by the Contractor. No work requiring testing will be permitted until the facilities have been inspected and approved. The first inspection will be at the expense of the Owner. Costs incurred for any subsequent inspection will be charged to the Contractor. Perform tests in sufficient numbers, and at the location and times directed, to ensure that the materials meet specified requirements.

1. Samples

a. Take aggregate samples for laboratory tests in accordance with ASTM

D75/D75M. Take samples of bituminous material in accordance with AASHTO T40 or ASTM D140/D140M.

2. Aggregate Source

a. Select source from which aggregates are to be obtained and notify the Engineer within 15 days after the award of the Contract. Perform tests for the evaluation of aggregates by using an approved commercial laboratory at no expense to the Owner. Tests for determining the suitability of aggregate shall include, but not limited to, gradation in accordance with ASTM C136, abrasion resistance in accordance with ASTM C131, clay lumps and friable particles in accordance with ASTM C142, unit weight and voids in accordance with ASTM C29/C29M, and flat and elongated particles in accordance with ASTM D4791. The use of an anti-stripping agent is subject to approval by the Engineer.

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3. Bituminous Material Source

a. Select source from which bituminous materials are to be obtained and notify the Engineer within 15 days after the award of the contract.

4. Equipment Calibration

a. Furnish all equipment, materials and labor necessary to calibrate the bituminous distributor and the aggregate spreader. Perform all calibrations with the approved Work materials and prior to applying the specified coatings to the prepared surface. Perform calibration of the bituminous distributor in accordance with ASTM D2995. Inspect all equipment prior to application of the fog seal.

Perform the Work to calibrate tank and measuring devices of the distributor.

Perform inspection and calibration at the beginning of the Work and at least once a day during construction.

1.6 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

A. Deliver emulsified asphalt (fog seal) to the site in a homogenous and undamaged condition.

Inspect the materials for contamination and damage. Unload and store the materials with a minimum of handling. Protect stored aggregate from contamination and segregation. Replace defective or damaged materials.

1.7 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

A. Apply the coating when the existing surface is dry, and when the weather is not foggy, rainy, or when the wind velocity will prevent the uniform application of the bitumen or aggregates.

Apply the bituminous seal coat only when the atmospheric temperature is above 60 degrees F in the shade and when the pavement surface temperature is above 60 degrees F, unless otherwise directed. Apply fog seal when atmospheric temperature is above 50 degrees F and rising or when pavement temperature is above 60 degrees F, unless otherwise directed.

2.1 BITUMINOUS MATERIAL FOR SEAL COAT

A. Cutback asphalt grades MC or RC 800 and MC or RC 2 50, in order of preference, are recommended for most normal seal coat applications where a rapid-setting binder providing maximum “hold” of cover aggregate is desired. Where cooler temperatures are anticipated, preference should be given to the use of MC or RC 3000 in very warm climates when the Work will be performed during periods of high ambient temperatures.

B. Emulsified asphalt grades RS1, RS2, CRS1 and CRS2 are suitable for seal coat applications.

Emulsions are better suited to coat aggregate when the aggregate moisture content is over 1 percent but less than 3 percent. The following considerations should be included in the evaluation of alternate grades to be specified for the project:

BITUMINOUS SEAL AND FOG COATS 320113.66 - 6

1. Local practice and experience, as well as availability and cost of various grades within the area.

2. The rapid-setting emulsions, particularly the cationic types, are effective when damp aggregates must be used.

3. Where cooler temperatures are anticipated, consider the use of CRS1 and CRS2 grades.

4. Anionic emulsions provide better adhesion to basic aggregates such as limestone, while cationic emulsions are better with acidic aggregates such as silicates.

5. Asphalt cement penet4ration grades 120-150 and 200-300, in order of preference, are suitable for most normal seal coat applications. Where cooler temperatures are anticipated, preference should be given to the use of 200-300 grade.

6. Tar grades RT9 and RT8 are suitable for most normal seal coat applications. Where cooler temperatures are anticipated, consider the use of grades RT6 and RT7. Consider the use of grades RT10 and RT11 in very warm climates when the Work will be performed during periods of high ambient temperatures.

2.2 AGGREGATE FOR SEAL COAT

A. Provide aggregate consisting of crushed stone, crushed gravel, crushed slag, sand and screenings. The moisture content of the aggregate shall be not greater than 3 percent such that the aggregate will readily bond with the bituminous material. Drying may be required as directed. The aggregate shall conform to the gradation shown in Table I. The aggregate gradation shall be allowed the tolerances given in Table II.

TABLE I – AGGREGATE GRADATIONS

(Percent by Weight Passing Square Mesh Sieves)

Sieve Size

No. 1

Gradation No. 2

Gradation No. 3

1/2 Inch 100 -- -- 3/8 Inch 85-100 100 -- No. 4 10-30 85-100 100 No. 8 0-10 10-40 10-40 No. 16 0-5 0-10 0-10 No. 50 -- 0-5 0-5

TABLE II – AGGREGATE GRADATION TOLERANCES

Material Tolerances

Aggregate passing the 3/8 inch sieve and larger sieves Plus or Minus 5 percent Aggregate passing the No. 4 and smaller sieves Plus or Minus 3 percent

BITUMINOUS SEAL AND FOG COATS 320113.66 - 7

1. Coarse Aggregate

a. Coarse Aggregate shall consist of clean, sound, durable particles meeting the following requirements:

1. Film Retention

The aggregate shall exhibit not less than 95 percent retention of bituminous film.

2. Particle Shapes The quantity of flat and elongated particles on any sieve shall not exceed 20 percent by weight when determined in accordance with ASTM D4791. A flat particle is one having a ration of width to thickness greater than 3; an elongated particle is one having a ration of length to width greater than 3.

3. Weight Loss The percent weight loss shall not exceed 40 after 500 revolutions, as determined in accordance with ASTM C131.

4. Friable Particles The amount of friable particles shall not exceed 0.1 percent of the total weight of aggregate sample when tested in accordance with ASTM C142.

5. Crushed Slag The dry weight of crushed slag shall not be less than 75 pcf, as determined in accordance with ASTM C29/C29M.

6. Crushed Aggregate Crushed aggregate retained on the No. 4 sieve and each coarser sieve shall contain at least 75 percent by weight of crushed pieces having one or more fractured faces with the area of each face equal to at least 75 percent of the smaller mid-sectional area of the aggregate particle. When two fractures are contiguous, the angle between the planes of fractures shall be at least 30 degrees to count as two fractured faces.

2. Fine Aggregate

a. Fine aggregate shall consist of clean, sound, durable particles of crushed stone, durable particles of crushed stone, slag or gravel. The aggregate shall meet its requirements for stripping, abrasion resistance and percent friable particles as specified for coarse aggregate.

2.3 ANTISTRIPPING AGENT

A. The use of antistripping agent is subject to prior approval by the owner.

2.4 EMULSIFIED ASPHALT FOR FOG SEAL

A. Emulsified asphalt for Fog Seal shall conform to ASTM D977 SS1 or SS1h for anionic and ASTM D2397 CSS1 or CSS1h for cationic materials as specified.

BITUMINOUS SEAL AND FOG COATS 320113.66 - 8

2.5 WATER

A. Provide fresh, clean and potable water.

3.1 PREPARATION OF SURFACE

A. Repair damaged surface and fill cracks before starting work. Immediately before starting work, remove all loose material, dirt, clay or other objectionable material from the surface to be treated with power brooms or power blowers, if needed. Paint firmly bonded to the surface that has the chalk removed may remain. Material removed from the surface shall not be mixed with the cover aggregate. When necessary to achieve a clean surface for fog application, flushing with water will be permitted.

3.2 SEAL COAT APPLICA TION

A. Rate

1. Spread the bituminous material in the quantities shown in TABLE III. The exact quantities within the range specified, which may be varied to suit field conditions, will be determined by the Contractor and approved by the Contracting Officer prior to use.

TABLE III – APPLICATION OF MATERIAL

(Quantities Per S.Y.)

No. Bitumen, Gallons Aggregate, Pounds

1 0.15 – 0.20 15 – 20 2 0.10 – 0.15 10 – 15 3 0.10 – 0.15 10 – 15

B. Temperature

1. Asphalt application temperature shall provide an application viscosity between 10 and 60 seconds, Saybolt Furol, or between 20 or 120 square mm/sec 20 and 120 centistokes, kinematic. Furnish the temperature viscosity relation to the Contracting Officer. Tar application temperature shall be within the following ranges as directed:

RT 6 80 – 150 degrees F RT 7 150 – 225 degrees F RT 8 150 – 225 degrees F RT 9 150 – 225 degrees F RT 10 125 – 250 degrees F RT 11 125 – 250 degrees F

BITUMINOUS SEAL AND FOG COATS 320113.66 - 9

C. Application of Bituminous Material

1. Following the preparation and inspection of the pavement surface, apply the seal coat material at the specified rates. Uniformly apply the bituminous material in a single pass of the distributor and with either a double or triple lap spray over the surface to be sealed. Spread building paper on the surface for a sufficient distance back from the ends of each application so that flow through the spray bar may be started and stopped on the paper and so that all sprays will be operating at the proper pressure on the surface to be sealed. Immediately after the application, remove the building paper. Properly treat with bituminous material spots missed by the distributor. No smoking, fires, or flames, other than the heaters that are a part of the equipment, will be permitted within 25 feet of the heating, distributing, and transferring operations of bituminous material other than bituminous emulsions. If tar is used, a full face organic vapor type respirator and protective creams shall be used by personnel exposed to fumes. Protective creams shall not be used as a substitute for cover clothing.

D. Aggregate Application Rate

1. Spread the aggregate in the quantities shown in TABLE III. The exact quantities within the range specified, which may be varied to suit field conditions, will be determined by the Contractor, and approved by the Contracting Officer prior to use. The aggregate weights shown in this Table are those of aggregate having a specific gravity of 2.65. If the specific gravity of the aggregate to be used is less than 2.55 or greater than 2.75, make adjustments in the number of pounds of aggregate required per S.Y. to insure a constant volume of aggregate per S.Y. of treatment.

E. Application of Aggregate

1. Spread the specified quantity of cover aggregate uniformly over the bituminous material.

Before the bituminous material is applied, sufficient aggregate to cover the distributor load of bituminous material shall be on trucks at the site of the work. No bituminous material shall be down more than 3 minutes before it is covered with aggregate.

Spreading shall be done uniformly with aggregate-spreading equipment. Trucks spreading aggregate shall be operated backwards, covering the bituminous material ahead of the truck wheels. Areas having insufficient cover shall be lightly recovered with additional aggregate by hand during the operations whenever necessary.

F. Rolling and Brooming

1. Begin rolling operations immediately following the application of cover aggregate.

Perform rolling using pneumatic-tired rollers. Operate the rollers at a speed that will not displace the aggregate. Continue rolling until the aggregate is uniformly distributed and keyed into the bituminous material. All surplus aggregate shall be swept of the surface and removed not less than 24 hours nor more than 4 days after rolling is completed.

BITUMINOUS SEAL AND FOG COATS 320113.66 - 10

3.3 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL – SEAL COAT

A. Tests

1. Perform field tests in sufficient numbers to assure that the specifications are being met.

Testing is the responsibility of the Contractor and shall be performed by an approved commercial laboratory. The following number of tests, if performed at the appropriate time, will be the minimum acceptable for each type of operation:

a. Gradation:

Perform gradation tests in accordance with ASTM D136. Perform a minimum of three gradations for each day’s run. When the source of materials is change or deficiencies are found, the gradation shall be repeated and the material already placed shall be retested to determine the extent of the unacceptable material.

Replace all in-place unacceptable material at no additional expense to the Owner.

b. Abrasion Resistance

Perform abrasion resistance tests in accordance with ASTM C131 at the specified frequency.

c. Stripping

Perform striping test on aggregate from each source, in accordance with ASTM D3625, prior to incorporation into the work and when the source is changed.

d. Bituminous Material Sample

Obtain a sample of the bituminous material used under the supervision of the Engineer. The sample will be retained by the Owner.

3.4 TRAIL APPLICATION – SEAL COAT

A. Prior to applying the seal coat, place a test section at least 100 feet long by 20 feet wide using the approved job materials and roll them in accordance with the specified requirements.

Perform tests to determine the application rates of the bitumen and aggregate. If the tests indicate that the seal coat test section does not conform to the specification requirements, make necessary adjustments to the application equipment and to the spreading and rolling procedures, and construct additional test sections for conformation to the specifications. Where test sections do not conform to the specification requirements, remove seal coat at no expense to the Owner;

no separate payment will be made for seal coat materials and labor, either in placement or removal of any test section. Perform quality control sampling and testing during construction as required in paragraph FIELD QUALITY CONTROL above.

BITUMINOUS SEAL AND FOG COATS 320113.66 - 11

3.5 FOG SEAL APPLICATION

A. Application Inspection

1. Inspect application of fog seal for uniformity. Weigh samples to determine conformation with application rate.

B. Inspection Reports

1. Furnish a written report citing climatic temperature during application, emulsion temperature during application, and rate of emulsion application.

C. Application

1. Following preparation of the surface, apply the water diluted asphalt emulsion at the rate determined from the trial application. Maintain application temperature of emulsified asphalt between 75 and 160 degrees F. To obtain uniform application of the fog seal at the junction of previous and subsequent applications, spread building paper on the surface of the applied material for a sufficient distance back from the ends of each application so that flow from the spray bar may be started and stopped on the paper, and so that all sprayers will operate at full force.

2. Immediately after application, remove and properly dispose of the building paper. Treat spots unavoidably missed with the hand spray equipment. Base bids on application of diluted emulsion at 0.14 gsy. If the actual amount required is more or less than 0.14 gsy, an adjustment in the contract price will be made as provided by the contract.

3.6 SITE PROTECTION

A. During applications, protect adjacent buildings, structures, vehicles, manhole covers, inlet grates, and trees to prevent being spattered or marred.

3.7 TRAFFIC CONTROL

A. Protect freshly placed coatings from damage by traffic. Provide sufficient warning signs and barricades to prevent traffic over freshly treated surfaces. Protect treated areas from traffic for at least 24 hours after final application of coatings, or for such time as necessary to prevent picking up. Immediately prior to opening to traffic, roll the entire treated area with a self-propelled pneumatic-tired roller. Provide warning signs and barricades for proper traffic control, in accordance with MUTCD.

END OF SECTION 320113.66

SLURRY SEAL 320113.68 - 1

SECTION 320113.68 – SLURRY SEAL

1.2 GENERAL

A. This Work shall consist of mixing asphaltic emulsion, aggregate, set-control additives and water and spreading the mixture on a surfacing or pavement where shown on the plans, as specified in these specifications and the special provisions, and as directed by the Engineer.

A. The materials for slurry seal immediately prior to mixing shall conform to the following requirements:

1. Asphaltic Emulsion: Shall be a quick-setting type, Grade QS1h anionic or Grade CQS1h cationic, conforming to the provisions in Section 94, "Asphaltic Emulsions." The grade of asphaltic emulsion shall be at the option of the Contractor.

2. Water: Shall be of such quality that the asphalt will not separate from the emulsion before the slurry seal is in place in the work. If necessary for workability, a set-control agent that will not adversely affect the slurry seal may be used.

3. Aggregate: Shall consist of rock dust and plaster sand or other sands of similar nature, except that 100 percent of any aggregate or combination of aggregates, larger than the No. 50 sieve size, used in the mixture shall be obtained by crushing rock. The material shall be free from vegetable matter and other deleterious substances. Aggregate shall be free of caked lumps and oversize particles.

a. The percentage composition by weight of the aggregate shall conform to the following gradings when determined by California Test 202, modified by California Test 105 when there is a difference in specific gravity of 0.2 or more between blends of different aggregates. The type of aggregate shall be as specified in the special provisions.

SLURRY SEAL 320113.68 - 2

Percentage Passing Sieve Sizes Type I Type II Type III

3/8" -- 100 100 No. 4 100 94-100 70-90 No. 8 90-100 65-90 45-70 No. 16 60-90 40-70 28-50 No. 30 40-65 25-50 19-34 No. 200 10-20 5-15 5-15

b. The aggregate shall also conform to the following quality requirements:

Test Type I Type II Type III Sand Equivalent 217 45 min. 55 min. 60 min.

Durability Index 229 55 min. 55 min. 55 min.

c. If the results of the aggregate grading do not meet the gradation specified, the slurry seal represented by the test shall be removed.

d. If the result of the Sand Equivalent test for aggregate does not meet the requirement specified, the slurry seal represented by the test shall be removed.

e. No single aggregate grading or Sand Equivalent test shall represent more than 300 tons or one day's production, whichever is smaller.

2.2 MIX DESIGN

A. At least 7 working days before slurry seal placement commences, the Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for approval a laboratory report of tests and proposed mix design covering the specific materials to be used on the project. The percentage of asphaltic emulsion proposed in the mix design shall be within the percentage range specified.

B. The tests and mix design shall be performed by a laboratory capable of performing the applicable International Slurry Seal Association (ISSA) tests. The proposed slurry seal mixture shall conform to the requirements specified when tested in accordance with the following tests:

Test ISSA Test Requirement Slurry Seal Consistency, mm T106 30 max.

Wet Stripping T114 Pass Compatibility T115 Passa Cohesion Testb, kg - mm within one h T139 200 min.

Wet Track Abrasion, g/m2 T100 800 max.

a. Mixing test must pass at the maximum expected air temperature at the project site during application.

b. Using project source aggregate and asphaltic emulsion and set-control agents if used.

SLURRY SEAL 320113.68 - 3

C. The original laboratory report shall be signed by the laboratory that performed the tests and mix design and shall show the results of the tests on individual materials, comparing the test results to those required by the specifications. The report shall clearly show the proportions of aggregate, filler (as determined from the tests, minimum and maximum), water (minimum and maximum), asphalt solids content based on the dry weight of aggregate and set-control agent usage. Previous laboratory reports covering the same materials may be accepted provided they are made during the same calendar year.

D. Once the proportions of materials to be used are approved by the Engineer, no substitution of other material will be permitted unless the materials proposed for substitution are first tested and a laboratory report is submitted for the substituted design as specified above. Substituted materials shall not be used until the mix design for those materials is approved by the Engineer.

2.3 PROPORTIONING

A. Aggregate, asphaltic emulsion, water and additives, including set-control agent if used, shall be proportioned by volume utilizing the mix design approved by the Engineer. If more than one kind of aggregate is used, the correct amount of each kind of aggregate used to produce the required grading shall be proportioned separately, prior to adding the other materials of the mixture, in a manner that will result in a uniform and homogeneous blend.

B. The completed mixture, after addition of water and any set-control agent used, shall be such that the slurry seal mixture has proper workability and (a) will permit traffic, not controlled with pilot cars, on the slurry seal within one hour after placement without the occurrence of bleeding, raveling, separation or other distress, and (b) prevent development of bleeding, raveling, separation or other distress within 15 days after placing the slurry seal.

C. Asphaltic emulsion shall be added at a rate within the following ranges of percent by weight of the dry aggregate. The exact rate will be determined by the Engineer from the approved design asphalt binder content, and the asphalt solids content of the asphaltic emulsion furnished.

Type of Aggregate Range

I 15 - 20

II 12 - 18

III 10 – 15

D. The Contractor shall furnish an aggregate moisture determination for every 2 hours of operation or maintain the moisture content to within a maximum daily variation of ±0.5-percent.

E. The aggregate shall be proportioned using a belt feeder operated with an adjustable cutoff gate.

The height of the gate opening shall be readily determinable. The emulsion shall be introduced into the mixer by a positive displacement pump. Variable rate emulsion pumps, if used, shall be equipped with a means to seal the adjusting unit in its calibrated condition. Water shall be introduced into the mixer through a meter registering in gallons delivered.

SLURRY SEAL 320113.68 - 4

F. Uniformity of distribution of asphalt will be determined by extraction tests in conformance with the requirements in California Test 310. The bitumen ratio (kilograms of asphalt per 100 kilograms of dry aggregate) shall not vary more than 0.5-kg of asphalt above or 0.5-kg of asphalt below the amount designated by the Engineer. This requirement shall apply to samples taken from any location or operation designated by the Engineer.

G. The delivery rate of aggregate and emulsion per revolution of the aggregate feeder shall be calibrated at the appropriate gate settings for each mixer-spreader truck used on the project in conformance with the requirements in California Test 109 and the requirements of these specifications.

H. The…