Revision to Spec 31 05 19.13.pdf

P691 Aircraft Development and Maintenance Facility-Ph 2 eProject No. 1737036 Naval Air Station Patuxent River, MD

SECTION 31 05 19.13

GEOTEXTILES FOR EARTHWORK

THIS SECTION HAS BEEN DEVELOPED IN RESPONSE TO PPI-#128

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 UNIT PRICES

1.1.1 Payment

Payment will be made at the contract unit price and will constitute full compensation to the Contractor for providing all plant, labor, material, and equipment and performing all operations necessary for the complete and satisfactory installation of the geotextile. The following items are included in the contract unit price for Geotextiles and will not be counted a second time in the process of determining the extent of geotextile placed: Material and associated equipment and operation used in laps, seams, or extra length; securing pins and associated material, equipment, and operations; and material and associated equipment and operations used to provide cushioning layer of sand or gravel or both to permit increase in allowable drop height of stone. No payment will be made for geotextiles replaced because of waste, contamination, damage, repair, or due to Contractor fault or negligence.

1.1.2 Measurement

Installed geotextiles will be measured for payment in place to the nearest 1 square yard of protected area as delineated in the drawings.

1.1.3 Unit of Measure

Unit of measure: 1 square yard.

(PPI-#128)

1.2 REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to within the text by the basic designation only.

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

ASTM D123 (2015b; R 2017) Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles

ASTM D4355/D4355M (2014) Deterioration of Geotextiles from Exposure to Light, Moisture and Heat in a Xenon-Arc Type Apparatus

ASTM D4632/D4632M (2015a) Grab Breaking Load and Elongation of Geotextiles

ASTM D4751 (2020) Standard Test Method for Determining Apparent Opening Size of a Geotextile

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CUI

ASTM D4833/D4833M (2007; R 2020) Standard Test Method forIndex Puncture Resistance of Geomembranes and Related Products

ASTM D4873/D4873M (2017) Standard Guide for Identification, Storage, and Handling of Geosynthetic Rolls and Samples

ASTM D4884/D4884M (2014a) Strength of Sewn or Thermally Bonded Seams of Geotextiles

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS (USACE)

EM 1110-2-1601 (1991; 1994 Change 1) Engineering and Design -- Hydraulic Design of Flood Control Channels

1.3 SUBMITTALS

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" or "S" classification. Submittals not having a "G" or "S" classification are for Contractor Quality Control approval. Submit the following in accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

SD-04 Samples

Geotextiles

Minimum of 60 days prior to the beginning of installation of the same textile

SD-06 Test Reports

Geotextiles Site Verification

SD-07 Certificates

Geotextiles Needle Punched Geotextile

1.4 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

Deliver only approved geotextile to the project site. Label, ship, store, and handle all geotextile in accordance with ASTM D4873/D4873M . Do not use hooks, tongs, or other sharp instruments for handling geotextile.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS

2.1.1 General

Provide geotextile that is a non-woven pervious sheet of plastic yarn as defined by ASTM D123 matching or exceeding the minimum average roll values listed in TABLE 1. Strength values indicated in the table are for the weaker principal direction.

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TABLE 1

MINIMUM PHYSICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DRAINAGE GEOTEXTILE

PROPERTY ACCEPTABLE VALUES TEST METHOD

GRAB STRENGTH Class C ASTM D4632/D4632M

PUNCTURE Class C ASTM D4833/D4833M

APPARENT OPENING SIZE Class C ASTM D4751

ULTRAVIOLET DEGRADATION 50% at 500 Hrs ASTM D4355/D4355M

2.1.2 Geotextile Fiber

Use fibers consisting of a long-chain synthetic polymer composed of at least 85 percent by weight of polyolefins, polyesters, or polyamides. Add stabilizers and/or inhibitors to the base polymer, if necessary to make the filaments resistant to deterioration caused by ultraviolet light and heat exposure. Do not add reclaimed or recycled fibers or polymer to the formulation. Form geotextile into a network such that the filaments or yarns retain dimensional stability relative to each other, including the edges. Finish the edges of the geotextile to prevent the outer fiber from pulling away from the geotextile.

2.1.3 Seams

Sew the seams of the geotextile with thread of a material meeting the chemical requirements given above for geotextile yarn or bond the seams by cementing or by heat. Test seams in accordance with method ASTM D4884/D4884M . Seam strength less than 90 percent of the required grab tensile strength of the unaged geotextile in any principal direction is not permitted.

2.1.4 Securing Pins

Secure the geotextile to the embankment or foundation soil by pins to prevent movement prior to placement of revetment materials. Other appropriate means to prevent movement such as staples, sand bags, and stone could also be used. Insert securing pins through both strips of overlapped geotextile along the line passing through midpoints of the overlap. Remove securing pins as placement of revetment materials are placed to prevent tearing of geotextile or enlarging holes. Maximum spacing between securing pins depends on the steepness of the embankment slope. Provide maximum pins spacing equal to or less than the values listed in TABLE 2. When windy conditions prevail at the construction site, increase the number of pins upon the demand of the Contracting Officer. Anchor terminal ends of the geotextile with key trench or apron at crest, toe of the slope and upstream and downstream limits of installation.

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TABLE 2

MAXIMUM SPACING FOR SECURING PINS

EMBANKMENT SPACING, feet

STEEPER THAN 1V ON 3H 2

1V ON 3H TO 1V ON 4H 3

FLATTER THAN 1V ON 4H 5

2.2 INSPECTIONS, VERIFICATIONS, AND TESTING

2.2.1 Manufacturing and Sampling

Provide geotextiles and factory seams meeting the requirements specified in TABLE 1.

2.2.1.1 Conformance Testing

Perform conformance testing in accordance with the manufacturers approved quality control manual. Submit manufacturer's quality control conformance test results.

2.2.1.2 Needle Punched Geotextile

For needle punched geotextile, provide manufacturer certification that the geotextile has been inspected using permanent on-line metal detectors and does not contain any needles.

2.2.1.3 Manufacturer Certification

Upon delivery of the geotextile, submit duplicate copies of the written certificate of compliance signed by a legally authorized official of the manufacturer. State that the geotextile shipped to the site meets the chemical requirements and exceeds the minimum average roll value listed in

TABLE 1.

2.2.2 Site Verification and Testing

Collect samples at approved locations upon delivery to the site at the request of the Contracting Officer. Test samples to verify that the geotextile meets the requirements specified in TABLE 1. Identify samples by manufacturers name, type of geotextile, lot number, roll number, and machine direction. Perform testing at an approved laboratory. Submit test results from the lot under review for approval prior to deployment of that lot of geotextile. Immediately rewrap rolls which are sampled in their protective covering.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 SURFACE PREPARATION

Prepare surface, on which the geotextile will be placed, to a relatively smooth surface condition in accordance with the applicable portion of this specification and must be free from obstruction, debris, depressions, erosion feature, or vegetation. Remove any irregularities so as to ensure continuous, intimate contact of the geotextile with all the surface.

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Remove loose material, soft or low density pockets of material; grade erosion features such as rills and gullies out of the surface before geotextile placement.

3.2 INSTALLATION OF THE GEOTEXTILE

3.2.1 General

Place the geotextile in the manner and at the locations shown. At the time of installation, reject the geotextile if it has defects, rips, holes, flaws, deterioration or damage incurred during manufacture, transportation or storage.

3.2.2 Placement

Place the geotextile with the long dimension parallel to the trench and laid smooth and free of tension, stress, folds, wrinkles, or creases.

Place the strips to provide a minimum width of six inches of overlap for each joint. The placement procedure requires that the length of the geotextile be approximately ten percent greater than the slope length.

Adjust the actual length of the geotextile used based on initial installation experience. Temporary pinning of the geotextile to help hold it in place until the backfill material is placed will be allowed. Remove the temporary pins as the backfill material is placed to relieve high tensile stress which may occur during placement of material on the geotextile. Design protection of riprap in compliance with EM 1110-2-1601 .

Perform trimming in such a manner that the geotextile is not damaged in any way.

3.3 PROTECTION

Protect the geotextile at all times during construction from contamination by surface runoff; remove any geotextile so contaminated and replaced with uncontaminated geotextile. Replace any geotextile damaged during its installation or during placement of backfill material at no cost to the Government. Schedule the work so that the covering of the geotextile with a layer of the specified material is accomplished within 7 calendar days after placement of the geotextile. Failure to comply will require replacement of geotextile. Protect the geotextile from damage prior to and during the placement of riprap or other materials. This may be accomplished by limiting the height of drop to less than 1 foot , by placing a cushioning layer of sand or gravel on top of the geotextile before placing the material, or other methods deemed necessary. Care should be taken to ensure that the utilized cushioning materials will not impede the flow of water. Before placement of riprap or other materials, demonstrate that the placement technique will not cause damage to the geotextile. Do not allow equipment on the unprotected geotextile.

3.4 PLACEMENT OF CUSHIONING MATERIAL

Perform placing of cushioning material in a manner to ensure intimate contact of the geotextile with the prepared surface and with the cushioning material. Do not damage the geotextile, including tear, puncture, or abrasion, during placement. On sloping surfaces place the cushioning material from the bottom of the slopes upward. During placement, the height of the drop of riprap material greater than 12 inches is not permitted. Uncover any geotextile damaged beneath the cushioning material, as necessary, and replaced at no cost to the Government.

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3.5 OVERLAPPING AND SEAMING

3.5.1 Overlapping

The overlap of geotextile must be 12 inches . Appropriate measures will be taken to ensure required overlap exists after cushion placement.

3.5.2 Sewn Seams

High strength thread should be used so that seam test conforms to ASTM D4884/D4884M . Provide thread meeting the chemical, ultraviolet, and physical requirements of the geotextile, and provide color different from that of the geotextile. Provide seam strength equal to the strength required for the geotextile in the direction across the seam. Overlapping J-type seams are preferable over prayer-type seams as the overlapping geotextile reduces the chance of openings to occur at the seam. Use double sewing, specially for field seams, to provide a safety factor against undetected missed stitches.

-- End of Section --

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2.2.2 Site Verification and Testing