Atch_03_Spec_Section_31_00_00_Earthwork.doc

MAINTAIN/REPAIR PAVEMENTS IDIQ

IFB No.: FA4861-04-R-A008

RKMF 04-0075

Contract No.:

PAVING IDIQ

Solicitation: FA4861-16-R-A300

SECTION 31 00 00

EARTHWORK FOR ROADWAYS, AND AIRFIELDS

1. PART 1

GENERAL

1.1. APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS: The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by the basic designation only.

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)

ASTM C 136

(1995a) Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates

ASTM D 422

(1963; R 1990) Particle‑Size Analysis of Soils

ASTM D 1140

(1992) Amount of Material in Soils Finer than the

No. 200 (75‑micrometer) Sieve

ASTM D 1556

(1990) Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the

Sand‑Cone Method

ASTM D 1557

(1991) Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil

Using Modified Effort (2,700kN‑m/cu. m.)

ASTM D 2216

(1992) Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture)

Content of Soil, and Rock

ASTM D 2487 (1993) Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes

(Unified Soil Classification System)

ASTM D 4318

(1993) Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index of

Soils

1.2. Measurement (Not Used)

1.3. Payment (Not Used)

1.4. DEFINITIONS.

1.4.1. Satisfactory Materials. Satisfactory materials shall comprise any materials classified by ASTM D 2487 as GW, GP, GC, GM and SW..

1.4.2. Unsatisfactory Materials. Unsatisfactory Materials: Any material that does not meet the ASTM D2487 classifications mentioned in para 1.4.1 shall be considered unsatisfactory and will not be considered/approved for use.

1.4.3. Cohesionless and Cohesive Materials. Cohesionless materials include materials classified in ASTM D 2487 as GW, GP, SW, and SP. Cohesive materials include materials classified as GC, SC, ML, , MH, and CH. Materials classified as GM and SM will be identified as cohesionless only when the fines are nonplastic. Testing required for classifying materials shall be in accordance with ASTM D 4318, C 136, D 422, and D 1140.

1.4.4. Degree of Compaction. Degree of compaction required is expressed as a percentage of the maximum density obtained by the test procedure presented in ASTM D 1557, Method D. This will be abbreviated below as a percent of laboratory maximum density.

1.5. CLASSIFICATION OF EXCAVATION. No consideration will be given to the nature of the materials, and all excavation will be designated as unclassified excavation. Caliche cemented materials are common to Nellis/Creech AFB and may be encountered.

1.6. UTILIZATION OF EXCAVATED MATERIALS. All unsatisfactory materials removed from excavations shall be disposed of outside the boundaries of Nellis AFB or in areas designated by the Contracting Officer. Satisfactory material removed from excavations shall be used, insofar as practicable, in the construction of fills, subgrades, shoulders, and for similar purposes. No satisfactory excavated material shall be wasted without specific written authorization. Satisfactory material authorized to be wasted shall be disposed of outside the boundaries of Nellis AFB or in areas designated by the Contracting Officer.

2. PART 2

PRODUCTS (Not Applicable)tc \l1 "PART 2 PRODUCTS (Not Applicable)

3. PART 3

EXECUTIONtc \l1 "PART 3

EXECUTION

3.1. EXCAVATION. The Contractor shall perform excavation of every type of material encountered within the limits of the project, to the lines, grades, and elevations indicated and as specified herein. Satisfactory excavated materials shall be transported to and placed in fill within the limits of the work. Unsatisfactory materials encountered within the limits of the work shall be excavated below grade and replaced with satisfactory materials as directed. Such excavated material and the satisfactory material ordered as replacement shall be included in excavation. Surplus satisfactory excavated material not required for fill, and unsatisfactory excavated material shall be disposed of outside the boundaries of Nellis/Creech AFB and NTTR and their holdings. During construction, excavation and fill shall be performed in a manner and sequence that will provide proper drainage at all times. Blasting is not permitted.

3.2. SELECTION OF BORROW MATERIAL: Borrow material shall be selected to meet the requirements and conditions of the particular fill or embankment for which it is to be used. Borrow material shall be obtained from sources selected by the Contractor. Unless otherwise provided in the contract, the Contractor shall obtain from the owners the right to procure material, pay all royalties and other charges involved, and bear all expense of developing the sources, including rights-of-way for hauling. Borrow material from approved sources on Government-controlled land may be obtained without payment of royalties. Unless specifically provided, no borrow shall be obtained within the limits of the project site without prior written approval. Necessary clearing, grubbing, and satisfactory drainage of borrow pits and the disposal of debris thereon shall be considered related operations to the borrow excavation and shall be performed by the Contractor at no additional cost to the Government.

3.3. GRADING AREAS: When so provided and where indicated, work under contract will be divided into grading areas, within which satisfactory excavated material shall be placed in embankments, fills, and required backfills. The Contractor shall not haul satisfactory material excavated in one grading area to another grading area except when so directed in writing.

3.4. BACKFILL: Backfill adjacent to any and all types of structures shall be placed and compacted to at least 95 percent laboratory maximum density, in such a manner as to prevent wedging action or eccentric loading upon or against any structure. Compaction shall be accomplished by sheepsfoot rollers, pneumatic-tired rollers, steel-wheeled rollers, vibratory compactors, or other approved equipment well suited to the material being compacted.

3.5. SUBGRADE PREPARATION:

3.5.1. Construction: Subgrade shall be shaped to line, grade, and cross section, and compacted as specified. This operation shall include plowing, disking, and any moistening or aerating required to obtain the specified compaction withing the allowable moisture content. After removal of the existing pavement, the subgrade moisture content may be high and subgrade materials may not support construction equipment without aeration. Soft or otherwise unsatisfactory material shall be removed and replaced with satisfactory excavated material or other approved material as directed. Low areas resulting from removal of unsatisfactory material or excavation of rock shall be brought up to required grade with satisfactory materials, and the entire subgrade shall be shaped to line, grade, and cross section and compacted as specified. After rolling, the surface of the subsubgrade for airfields shall not show deviations greater than 1/2 inch when tested with a 10-foot straightedge applied both parallel and at right angles to the centerline of the area. The elevation of the finished subgrade shall not vary more than 0.05 foot from the established grade and cross section.

3.5.2. Compaction. Compaction shall be accomplished by sheepsfoot rollers, pneumatic-tired rollers, steel-wheeled rollers, vibratory compactors, or other approved equipment well suited to the type of material being compacted.

3.5.3. Subgrade for pavements shall be compacted to attain the following percent of average laboratory maximum densities.

FILL CUT

Cohesive- >92% Cohesive- >92% (top 6")

Non Cohesive- >95% (top 6") Non Cohesive- >95% (top 6")

>90% (below 6") >90% (6" to depth shown)

3.6. SUBGRADE PROTECTION. During construction, excavations shall be kept shaped and drained. Ditches and drains along subgrade shall be maintained in such a manner as to drain effectively at all times. The finished subgrade shall not be distrubed by traffic or other operation and shall be protected and maintained by the Contractor in a satisfactory condition until base course, or pavement is placed. The storage or stockpiling of materials on the finished subgrade will not be permitted. No base course, or pavement shall be laid until the subgrade has been checked and approved, and in no case shall base course be placed on a muddy, spongy, or frozen subgrade.

3.7. TESTING. Testing shall be the responsibility of the Contractor and shall be performed at no additional cost to the Government. Testing shall be performed by an independent commercial testing laboratory and observed by the Government inspector. Field in-place density shall be determined in accordance with ASTM D 1556, or ASTM D 2922. When ASTM D 2922 is used, the calibration curves shall be checked and adjusted using only the sand cone method as described in ASTM 1556. ASTM D 2922 results in a wet unit weight of soil and when using this method, ASTM D 3017 shall be used to determine the moisture content of the soil. The calibration curves furnished with the moisture gauges shall also be checked along with density calibration checks as described in ASTM D 3017. 4 copies of test results shall be furnished to the Contracting Officer. When test results indicate, as determined by the Contracting Officer, that compaction is not as specified, the material shall be recompacted to meet specification requirements, at no additional expense to the Government. Tests on recompacted areas shall be performed to determine conformance with specification requirement. Inspections and test results shall be certified by a registered professional civil engineer. These certifications shall state that the tests and observations were performed by or under the direct supervision of the engineer and that the results are representative of the materials or conditions being certified by the tests. The following number of tests, if performed at the appropriate time, will be the minimum acceptable for each type operation.

3.7.1. In-Place Densities. Five tests per 2,000 square yards area shall be performed at locations selected at random. The locations may be selected by the Government representative. The five tests shall be considered a statistical random sample of a representative area. No more than two of the five tests can be less than the required percent laboratory maximum density, and none can show a density less than five percentage points below that value. If these results are not achieved, the entire area represented by the random sample shall be recompacted and retested.

3.7.2. Optimum Moisture and Laboratory Maximum Density. Tests shall be made for each type material or source of material to determine the optimum moisture and laboratory maximum density values. One representative test per 10,000 square yards, or when any change in material occurs which may affect the optimum moisture content or laboratory maximum density.

3.7.3. Tolerance Tests for Subgrades. Continuous checks on the degree of finish specified in paragraph: SUBGRADE PREPARATION shall be made during construction of the subgrade.

END OF SECTION

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Earthwork

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