Attachment A_Hot and Cold Weather Masonry.pdf

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TABLE 1

Requirements for Masonry Construction in Hot and Cold Weather per the TMS Specification

Temperature¹ Preparation Requirements (Prior to Work)

Construction Requirements (Work in Progress)

Protection Requirements (After Masonry Is Placed)

Ho t W ea th er

Above 115 °F, or 105 °F with a wind velocity over 8 mph (46.1 °C, or 40.6 °C with a wind velocity greater than

12.9 km/hour)

Shade materials and mixing equipment from direct sunlight.

Comply with hot weather requirements below.

Use cool mixing water for mortar and grout. Ice is permitted in the mixing water prior to use. Do not permit ice in the mixing water when added to the other mortar or grout materials.

Comply with hot weather requirements below.

Comply with hot weather requirements below.

Above 100 °F, or 90 °F with a wind velocity greater than 8 mph (above 37.8 °C, or

32.2 °C with a wind velocity greater than

12.9 km/hour)

Provide necessary conditions and equipment to produce mortar having a temperature below 120 °F (48.9 °C).

Maintain sand piles in a damp, loose condition.

Maintain temperature of mortar and grout below 120 °F (48.9 °C).

Flush mixer, mortar transport container, and mortar boards with cool water before they come into contact with mortar ingredients.

Maintain mortar consistency by retempering with cool water.

Use mortar within 2 hours of initial mixing.

Fog spray newly constructed masonry until damp, at least three times a day, until the masonry is three days old.

No rm al

W ea th er

100 °F to 40 °F (37.8 °C to 4.4 °C)

Normal procedures Normal procedures Normal procedures

Co ld

W ea th er

Below 40 °F to 32 °F (4.4 °C to 0 °C)

Do not lay masonry units having either a temperature containing frozen moisture, visible ice or snow on their surface.

Remove visible ice and snow from the surface of existing foundations and masonry to receive new construction.

Heat these surfaces above freezing, using methods that do not result in damage.

Heat mixing water or sand to produce mortar between 40 °F and 120 °F (4.4 °C and 48.9 °C).

Do not heat water or aggregates used in mortar or grout above 140 °F (60 °C).

Heat grout materials when their temperature is below 32 °F (0 °C).

Protect newly constructed masonry by covering with a weather-resistive membrane for 24 hours after being completed.

Below 32 °F to 25 °F Comply with cold weather requirements above.

Comply with cold weather requirements above.

Maintain mortar temperature above freezing until used in masonry.

Heat grout materials so grout is between 70 °F and 120 °F (21.1 °C and 48.9 °C) during mixing and placed at a temperature above 70 °F (21.1 °C). Maintain grout temperature above 70 °F (21.1 °C) at the time of grout placement.

Comply with cold weather requirements above.

Below 25 °F to 20 °F Comply with cold weather requirements above.

Comply with cold weather requirements above.

Heat masonry surfaces on both sides to 40 °F (4.4 °C).

Use windbreaks or enclosures when the wind velocity exceeds 15 mph (24 km/hour).

Heat masonry to a minimum of 40 °F (4.4 °C) prior to grouting.

Cover newly constructed masonry completely with weather-resistive insulating blankets, or equal protection, for 24 hours after completion of work. Extend time period to 48 hours for grouted masonry, unless the only cement in the grout is Type III portland cement.

Comply with cold weather requirements above.

Comply with cold weather requirements above.

Provide an enclosure and auxiliary heat to maintain air temperature above 32 °F (0 °C) within the enclosure.

Maintain newly constructed masonry temperature above 32 °F (0 °C) for at least 24 hours, by using heated enclosures, electric heating blankets, infrared lamps or other methods. Extend time period to 48 hours for grouted masonry, unless the only cement in the grout is Type III portland cement.

1. Preparation and construction requirements are based on ambient temperatures. Protection requirements are based on mean daily temperatures.