Appendix A - Structural Design Calculations.pdf
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- Attached to
- Vaults 60, 87 & ET Structural Repair and Grating Replacement State and local contract opportunity
- Solicitation number
- 3930
- Issued by
- Knox County, Tennessee
About this file
This document is a Structural Design Calculation package prepared by APTIM for the Knoxville Utilities Board (KUB) in Knoxville, Tennessee, focusing on transformer vault structural rework for Vaults 60, 87, and ET. The project involves replacing existing grating access panels and support frames to meet Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requirements and support specified traffic loading. Two site walks were conducted on September 23, 2024, and February 24, 2025, to assess the condition of the transformer vaults located underneath sidewalks at 626 South Gay Street and along Clinch Avenue. The existing vaults, which are below-grade concrete structures, showed signs of corrosion and damage, particularly in the grating panels and support frames.
The design calculations specify new 2-1/4"x3/16" 11W4 welded steel bar grating that can support a uniform load of 1,325 psf and a concentrated load of 3,314 lbs, exceeding KUB's requirements of 150 psf uniform load and 3,000 lbs concentrated load. The new grating panels will range from 315 to 420 lbs in weight, with a new L2-1/2" angle frame to ensure flush installation with surrounding sidewalk brick pavers. The project involves removing existing angle frames, cutting away steel strap anchors, and embedding new angles with 3" long headed studs into new concrete, which will be anchored to existing concrete walls or beams using epoxied reinforcing steel. A notable observation during the site visit was a horizontal crack in an existing concrete member along vault 87, for which APTIM recommends a quarterly monitoring program.
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Text version
TRANSFORMER VAULT STRUCTURAL
REWORK – VAULTS 60, 87, & ET
STRUCTURAL DESIGN CALCULATIONS
Project Title: Transformer Vault Structural Rework Knoxville Utilities Board;
Knoxville, TN
Document Number:
631040193-000-CS-CL-01
Owner: Structural Engineering Revision: 0
Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Objective
2.0 Design
2.1 Methodology
2.2 Input
2.3 Assumptions
3.0 Results and Conclusions
3.1 Detailed Design
3.2 Conclusions
4.0 References
List of Attachments
Attachment A: Existing Drawings & Supporting Load Table for Grating
STRUCTURAL DESIGN CALCULATIONS
Project Title: Transformer Vault Structural Rework Knoxville Utilities Board;
Knoxville, TN
Document Number:
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
APTIM provided structural design services for the existing electrical transformer vaults, 60, 87, and ET for Knoxville Utilities Board (KUB) located in Knoxville, Tennessee. The existing vaults are below grade structures composed of concrete and multi-wythe walls, concrete beams and concrete roof slabs spanning between the walls and beams. New metal bar grating access/ventilation panels are needed to satisfy American’s with Disabilities Act (ADA) requirements and to support traffic loading as per KUB. Overall scope and requirements considered are per the KUB Professional Services Work Authorization [Ref 1].
An initial site walk took place on September 23, 2024 with KUB personnel to gather information relating to the grating access panel replacements for existing electrical transformer vaults 16, 60, 87, and ET. A second site walk took place on February 24, 2025 to view and discuss specific details relating to the three transformer vaults. Vaults 16 and 60 are adjacent to one another and are located underneath the sidewalk at 626 South Gay Street. Historically, vault 60 was formally known and labelled on existing drawings as vault ‘K’. It was noted at the time of our visit that some of the existing grating panels of vault 60 had been damaged and the existing grating support frames were severely corroded, therefore requiring replacement of both components. Vault 16 existing grating and supporting frame appeared to be undamaged and thus was removed from Aptim’s scope for the structural rework design activities.
The existing electrical transformer vaults 87 and ET are adjacent to one another, separated by a common, underground concrete wall and are located along the north side of Clinch Avenue in
Knoxville, Tennessee under the sidewalk and existing building on the north side of the street.
Portions of these vaults exhibited severe corrosion in both the existing perimeter grating frames and the existing grating panels; both of which require replacement. The sidewalk pavers on the north sides of these vaults showed considerable heaving between the existing building and the grating frames. According to KUB, determination of the cause and repair of the heaving sidewalks is not part of Aptim’s scope for this project. It was noted however by Aptim personnel on the site visit that the cause for the heaving sidewalk was most likely water infiltration under the existing pavers which had frozen, thus instigating the severe corrosion observed in the existing grating frames and panels.
All three of the transformer vaults within Aptim’s scope will receive new grating access panels and frames. KUB specified loading criteria for the new grating panels is consistent with load
STRUCTURAL DESIGN CALCULATIONS
Project Title: Transformer Vault Structural Rework Knoxville Utilities Board;
Knoxville, TN
Document Number:
ratings specified in the past with other existing transformer vaults located within the downtown area of Knoxville. This loading criteria consists of either a 150 psf uniform loading or a 3,000 lb.
concentrated loading; whichever case is the governing loading condition for the existing spans for the vaults. Furthermore, all grating proposed will be compliant with the Americans with
Disabilities Act (ADA) in the direction of travel along the sidewalks.
1.2 Objective
The objective of this calculation is to document and qualify the design of the new grating access panels for existing transformer vaults 60, 87, and ET as well as to address any other structural concerns noted on our site visit at their respective locations in Knoxville, Tennessee for Knoxville
Utilities Board.
STRUCTURAL DESIGN CALCULATIONS
Project Title: Transformer Vault Structural Rework Knoxville Utilities Board;
Knoxville, TN
Document Number:
2.0 DESIGN
2.1 Methodology
All structural components for the new grating systems were designed based on live loads as stated within section 1.1. All other design components were governed by the International
Building Code, [Ref. 6]. All existing and new concrete vault components were governed by ACI-
318, [Ref. 2].
The new grating panels and frames are supported by existing concrete beams or existing walls.
Existing grating support frames will be replaced on all three vaults due to limited available depths required for new grating panel live loads as well as corrosion noted on vaults 60, 87 and
ET.
Aptim provided a visual cursory assessment of existing structural components directly supporting the frames/panels at the time of our site visit, however analysis of existing concrete supporting elements for the grating frames and panels cannot be performed due to a lack of structural information on the available existing drawings supplied by KUB. Any existing visible structural concerns due to existing conditions will be noted within section 3.2 of this calculation.
All structural steel support frame members have been designed as ASTM A572, Grade 50 as per the AISC Steel Design Manual [Ref. 3].
Existing vault information was obtained from existing drawings supplied by KUB or from site visits.
2.2 Input
Yield strength of new structural steel angles, ASTM A572, Fy = 50 ksi
Yield strength of new steel bar grating, Fy = 18 ksi
• Shear studs are to be as per American Welding Society (AWS) D1.1, Table 9.1, type ‘B’
• 28 day compressive strength of new concrete, (f’c) = 4,500 psi
Tensile strength (fy) of new reinforcing steel = 60,000 psi
STRUCTURAL DESIGN CALCULATIONS
Project Title: Transformer Vault Structural Rework Knoxville Utilities Board;
Knoxville, TN
Document Number:
2.3 Assumptions
All existing structural components associated with the direct support of the new grating panels are assumed to be adequate for the loadings listed in section 1.1 unless areas of structural distress were noted at the time of our site visit. This assumption is due to load ratings specified on existing vault drawing B-3567 dated 2-27-51 which lists a concentrated design loading of
10,000 lbs for vault 60, drawings A3.3 & A6.2 on the Streetscape 89 project dated 7-27-89 for vaults 87 & ET which lists a design uniform load of 200 psf under ‘General Note’ #3 of drawing
A6.2 and drawing ST1 which lists a design uniform loading of 150 psf and a 3,000 lb concentrated loading for the Gay Street Streetscapes project dated 11-28-08. Therefore, all existing design loadings listed in available existing drawings are either equal to or greater than loading requirements specified for new grating panels to be installed for this project. All existing drawings listed above were received from KUB for use with this project. See Attachment ‘A’ for existing drawings noted above.
STRUCTURAL DESIGN CALCULATIONS
Project Title: Transformer Vault Structural Rework Knoxville Utilities Board;
Knoxville, TN
Document Number:
3.0 RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
3.1 Detailed Design
The following analyses document the detailed design of the new grating panels, panel supports, and connections as requested by the Knoxville Utilities Board based on specified load ratings.
All three existing grating panel clear spans were measured at 4’-6” maximum in the short
(spanning) direction. Upon review of Brown-Campbell Company’s online catalog and load tables, 2_1/4”x3/16” 11W4 welded steel bar grating will support a superimposed uniform load of 1,325 psf and a superimposed concentrated load of 3, 314 lbs. These values exceed the required minimum loadings specified by KUB of a uniform load of 150 psf and a concentrated load of 3,000 lbs. Deflections in the grating panels for this span are below the grating supplier’s recommended ¼” for pedestrian comfort in both the uniform and concentrated load cases.
Additionally, Brown-Campbell company certifies this grating is compliant with ADA standards when installed when the elongated opening is perpendicular to the dominant direction of travel.
See Attachment ‘A’ for grating load table.
The 2_1/4”x3/16” 11W4 grating weighs 26.0 psf. KUB requests grating access panels for the vaults to be 30” minimum. According to KUB personnel, panels up to 40” wide may be utilized for non-access grating panels. Therefore, grating panels will range in weight from approximately
315 lbs to a maximum of 420 lbs based on a maximum grating span of 58”.
All existing angle frames for the three vaults utilize a L2x2 angle or smaller and most have been raised in elevation by additional steel sections to accommodate sidewalk renovations in the past. However, a new L2_1/2” angle will be required for the new 2_1/4” grating to sit flush with the top of the angle and surrounding sidewalk brick pavers. Upon review of the existing drawings provided by KUB, some of the original existing angles appear to be anchored into the existing concrete sidewalk, beams, or walls below the pavers with steel straps welded to the angles at specified intervals. These existing angle frames will need to be removed, and the strap anchors cut away to install replacement frames for the new grating. In order to anchor the new grating frames, 4” of existing concrete sidewalk below the existing sidewalk pavers and mortar will be taken out to allow embedment of the new angles with 3” long headed studs into new concrete. The new concrete will be anchored into the top of existing concrete walls or beams via epoxied reinforcing steel.
STRUCTURAL DESIGN CALCULATIONS
Project Title: Transformer Vault Structural Rework Knoxville Utilities Board;
Knoxville, TN
Document Number:
None of the proposed rework for any of the three vaults will affect the support of any existing building storefronts. Other than the rework prescribed in the contract drawings for the new grating panels; no structural distress, damage, or moderate deterioration was noted for the support of the proposed grating panels/frames apart from a horizontal crack in an existing concrete member along the north side of vault 87 at the time of our visit. See section 3.2 of this calculation for proposed monitoring activities associated with this member.
STRUCTURAL DESIGN CALCULATIONS
Project Title: Transformer Vault Structural Rework Knoxville Utilities Board;
Knoxville, Tennessee
Document Number:
3.2 Conclusions
The design for the new grating access panels, and new structural frame design as shown on the
100% structural drawings, is sufficient for the loads and serviceability as documented in this calculation package.
At the time of our initial site visit, a horizontal crack on the existing concrete member north of the grating panels of vault 87 was noted. Based upon section 20 on existing drawing A6.2, the existing cantilevered floor structure of an existing building on the north side of Clinch Avenue was cut to allow for a wider grating panel for vault ET in 1989. After this cut was made, a partial concrete extension was re-poured and this extension is where the crack has formed. The crack runs for several feet along the extension, however no recent signs of expansion in width or length were recognized. Aptim proposes KUB institute a monitoring program of the existing crack by installing crack monitors along the existing member every 4’-0” on center. Current crack widths should be noted at time of monitor installation and reviewed for new movement on a quarterly basis throughout the year. If expansions in width or length of the cracks are realized in the future, Aptim recommends KUB consult with them regarding any remedial action to be taken for the existing member.
STRUCTURAL DESIGN CALCULATIONS
Project Title: Transformer Vault Structural Rework Knoxville Utilities Board;
Knoxville, Tennessee
Document Number:
4.0 REFERENCES
1. Knoxville Utilities Board Professional Services Work Authorization #1 dated January 30,
2. American Concrete Institute – ACI 318-14: Building Code Requirements for Structural
Concrete and Commentary
3. AISC Steel Manual – AISC 360-16: Steel Construction Manual; 15th Edition
4. Hilti Inc. – North American Technical Guide, Volume 2: Anchor Fastening Technical
Guide, Edition 22
5. Brown-Campbell Company – 11-4/11-2 Carbon Light Duty Bar Grating Load Table. [See
Attachment A]
6. Governing Building Code: International Building Code (IBC); 2018 Edition.
7. Vault 60 Drawing: Proposed New Vault 626 South Gay Street; B-3567, Knoxville Utilities
Board dated 2-27-51. [See Attachment A]
8. Vault 60 Drawing: Electrical Details for Vault “K”, 1 & 2, & Vault #16 at 626 S. Gay
Street; D-7039, Knoxville Utilities Board dated 5-27-64. [See Attachment A]
9. Vault 87 Drawing: Electrical Details – Hamilton National Bank’s Transformer Vault on
Clinch Ave West of Gay St.; D-7189, Knoxville Utilities Board dated 3-18-65. [See
Attachment A]
10. Vault 87 Drawing: Proposed Transformer Vault on Clinch Ave West of Gay St. for
Hamilton National Bank; D-7130, Knoxville Utilities Board dated 10-22-64. [See
Attachment A]
11. Vault ET Drawing: Transformer Vault Details Located at Hamilton National Bank; D-
2862, Knoxville Utilities Board dated 5-15-47. [See Attachment A]
12. Vault ET Drawing: Electrical Details at Vault No 51 on Clinch Ave West of Gay St.; D-
2866, Knoxville Utilities Board dated 6-24-47. [See Attachment A]
13. Vault ET Drawing: Streetscape 89 – Typical Construction Details; A6.2, Ross/Fowler
Architecture dated 6-27-89. [See Attachment A]
14. General Vault Drawing: Gay Street Streetscapes – Structural General Notes; ST1, Vaughn
& Melton dated 11-28-08. [See Attachment A]
STRUCTURAL DESIGN CALCULATIONS
Project Title: Transformer Vault Structural Rework Knoxville Utilities Board;
Knoxville, Tennessee
Document Number:
A-1
Attachment A: Supporting Load Table for Grating & Existing Drawings
(10 PAGES TOTAL)
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:i- 5ec1,'on Un,i�h•ut f..--orn'in9; b'-:i'oboveSc.c1le.
[' •• I •I & t-'tt11n'3 o,,-e 14 ----=- 7 11
90 Elbow t ;.---�- 90_• EI bow
Nipple lJ n ion
90�E\bow•
L1NE DIAGRAM
of
PUMP INSTALL AT\ON
sc:-.. lc- None.
:3-Sc;,o=c.""'\ Sec.ck+, I I
&, -S. - o o o v;-, c.""' N eu+r"' I,;
I te<'t·Y'l;hc,ted 1°1'1 c.v.:itorY)CSY'5 , , Junc.tion bol<, Leave suff1c1e'\+ I N ote; T<> ,s;,,..,..,fi,'(7 the dr .. \Nil'l'j � coble. ro c:.-onnect 1o s:u r"'"e.nt tro0 <;-\lo rvv; e.r- s, ____ _,.._
\. U n .·,; i r \J t t ra "'°'\ 1 11"\ '.:) t' o 5 U P, f O; 't
L __ ""'1 insulc:.+ors ,'1:, not :,hov,.J'f'\ 'in pion 8,, • I eiec.ti'on v,·e.w!>.
2.., O V\ I y o Y'I e p \ri c, � e i °" .sh o"" " c.o"' nee i e d 1' n S e. c:. ti OY"I •'A A".
3, '$y,,..,..,bol � u.:,e.cl ore c,.:; +ollowS',
• - Un; sh-- vt in sw\oto..-
··• - -·--· /4', wcite..-- pi' pe. fo..,. Svrnp f'-'Y"l'\f ·- ·-·-· Y,, n 1 �'rl'ut t-l'oy-y,1n5
® l,;: .;i 1 nc;ile conduc.tor coble Supports.
r
:t-�oa ....v'IC.."'WV\ Ne.V-i--'b.t"., Se'f"'vtc.e 2.. - SoofY\c""""' Nev\-'Q .
.r:" __:__: __ __;c..:....:....:._,,.L-----l I- 3/c, tl4-P&>'L, ...,.....,_"T:f ___ __
I
::i..soo �PH, SVmf pv�t"t����=-:---=��a, st<>ndc,rd 1\"\\/eY"'ted -, I
I wcite't"'fv-oof 'oe\\ to \<ee? vuo1'e.y- oui o -I rn oToY-
F,'II Su""'F -w:t\,.., CoY'lc..t'e'te 1o de ft\,. .,..e9d. +ov
.SUV'Y'f f'-'V'V'lf, r '
I II II 1. ·--·--·--·
SECTION . B B''
I j
I· 5ect,'s:>n of lJni'�\rut f.\ oo.-1 ope" side. �C\ces South, Frarrie +..--an--.,'1'19, Of''"'' �ic:le supports ·, 3.- :2.13" un:�t.-vt in s,u\otor�.
fQc.es south.I Suppo,,-t.s (For sec., Svppo,+�.)
+""' t> / 1/ 2 •· & $ :;z. : i'n 5 '-' I "' tor!>.
fo-r "/c;. f':;'�"".,,...Y Cctble,(.4"�e\ow l::,ea.....,,)
VAULT FRAMING, SERVICE .,AND
, Sec. le. I" = ;2..'
I I
GRAifNG PLAN
ONE LINE 01.l\GR,l\t'(\ Elec.tric.ol Loy - ovf, 5c.ca le - hov-,e \ v>
Ill E
·:1.- 300
R<a>,(s ___ _,,-
I 1. l(NOXVILLE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
5ECTI ON ''AA''
Sc::.q,le J" := 2'
UNDERGROUND CONSTRUCTION
ELECTRICAL DETAIL'.:> AT YAUL, No. 5 l 0 N CLINCH AVE WEST OF GA.Y St .
'SCALE C\<> Sho.,..,n Dote-Sune 2.4- 1 1�4-7
KNOX VILLE UTlL\11 E5 BOARD
D-.28GG
Christopher Luttrell Highlight
File details come from the government source that posted it. Updated .