Appendix 5 - UFGS 03 01 00.pdf

USACE / NAVFAC / AFCEC / NASA UFGS- 03 01 00 ( Febr uar y 2018)

Pr epar i ng Act i v i t y: USACE Superseding UFGS- 03 01 30. 71 ( Apr i l 2006) UFGS- 03 01 30 ( November 2009) UFGS- 03 01 32 ( November 2009)

UNI FI ED FACI LI TI ES GUI DE SPECI FI CATI ONS

Ref er ences ar e i n agr eement wi t h UMRL dat ed Januar y 2022

SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS

DIVISION 03 - CONCRETE

SECTION 03 01 00

REHABILITATION OF CONCRETE

02/18

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE

1.2 DEFINITIONS

1.2.1 Bracing

1.2.2 Delamination

1.2.3 Rehabilitation

1.2.4 Repair

1.2.5 Shoring

1.2.6 Termination Joint

1.2.7 Unsound Concrete

1.3 REFERENCES

1.4 SUBMITTALS

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

1.5.1 General Requirements

1.5.2 Quality Control Plan

1.5.3 Qualifications

1.5.3.1 Testing Agencies

1.5.3.2 Quality Control Personnel

1.5.3.3 Contractor Qualifications

1.5.3.4 Worker Qualifications

1.5.3.5 Regulatory Requirements

1.5.4 [Pre-Construction Conference]

1.5.5 Work Plan

1.6 ACCEPTANCE OF REHABILITATION WORK

1.6.1 General Requirements

1.6.2 Tolerances

1.6.3 Appearance

1.7 PROTECTION OF COMPLETED REHABILITATION WORK

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS FOR SHORING AND BRACING

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 1

2.1.1 Shoring and Bracing Systems

2.1.2 Design Requirements

2.2 EQUIPMENT FOR CONCRETE PREPARATION

2.2.1 Equipment for Concrete Removal

2.2.1.1 [Cutting Equipment]

2.2.1.2 Concrete Breakers

2.2.1.3 [Hydromilling Equipment]

2.2.2 Surface preparation and cleaning equipment

2.2.2.1 [Abrasive Blasting]

2.2.2.2 [Low Pressure Water Cleaning]

2.2.2.3 Other Cleaning Equipment

2.3 MATERIALS FOR FORMWORK AND EMBEDDED ITEMS

2.4 REINFORCEMENT AND REINFORCEMENT SUPPORTS

2.4.1 Steel Bars, Wires, and Fiber-reinforced Concrete

2.4.2 Fiber-Reinforced Polymers

2.5 CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE

2.6 POLYMERS

2.6.1 Epoxies

2.6.2 Latexes

2.6.3 Methacrylates

2.6.4 [Other Polymers]

2.6.5 Aggregate

2.7 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT

2.7.1 Packaged and proprietary materials

2.7.2 Bond Breakers

2.7.3 Structural steel

2.7.4 Concrete Accessories

2.7.5 Miscellaneous Equipment

2.8 MIXTURE PROPORTIONING

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

3.1.1 Examination

3.1.2 Protection

3.1.3 Formwork and Shoring

3.1.3.1 Formwork

3.1.3.2 Shoring

3.1.4 Concrete preparation

3.1.5 Quality Control

3.1.5.1 Quality control of surface preparation

3.1.5.2 Quality control of repair overlays

3.1.6 Curing

3.1.7 Clean up

3.1.8 Safety

3.2 CRACK REPAIR

3.2.1 Preparation

3.2.1.1 General Requirements

3.2.1.2 Crack routing

3.2.1.3 Sealing

3.2.2 Application

3.2.2.1 Epoxy Injection

3.2.2.2 Gravity fill

3.2.3 Quality Control

3.2.4 Acceptance Criteria

3.2.4.1 Core Sampling

3.2.4.2 Core Testing

3.2.4.3 Acceptance

3.3 CORROSION AND SURFACE REPAIR

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 2

3.3.1 Preparation

3.3.1.1 Identification of Extent of Concrete Removal

3.3.1.2 Shoring and Formwork

3.3.1.3 Concrete Removal

3.3.1.4 Preparation of Concrete Substrate Surface

3.3.2 Application

3.3.2.1 [Existing Reinforcement Preparation]

3.3.2.2 [Placement of New Reinforcement]

3.3.2.3 Placement of Concrete

3.3.2.4 Placement of Other Repair Materials

3.3.3 Quality Control

3.4 OVERLAYS

3.4.1 Preparation

3.4.1.1 [Bonded Overlays]

3.4.1.2 [Unbonded Overlays]

3.4.2 Application

3.4.2.1 Portland Cement Concrete

3.4.2.2 Polymer-modified Portland Cement Concrete

3.4.2.3 Polymer Concrete/Mortar

3.4.2.4 [Bonding Agents]

3.4.3 Quality Control

3.4.4 Joints

3.5 CONCRETE STRENGTHENING

3.5.1 Preparation

3.5.2 Application

3.5.2.1 Section enlargement

3.5.2.2 Externally bonded systems

3.5.2.2.1 Steel Plates

3.5.2.2.2 Fiber-reinforced Polymer Laminates

3.5.3 Quality Control

-- End of Section Table of Contents --

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 3

USACE / NAVFAC / AFCEC / NASA UFGS- 03 01 00 ( Febr uar y 2018)

Pr epar i ng Act i v i t y: USACE Superseding UFGS- 03 01 30. 71 ( Apr i l 2006) UFGS- 03 01 30 ( November 2009) UFGS- 03 01 32 ( November 2009)

UNI FI ED FACI LI TI ES GUI DE SPECI FI CATI ONS

Ref er ences ar e i n agr eement wi t h UMRL dat ed Januar y 2022

SECTION 03 01 00

REHABILITATION OF CONCRETE

02/18

NOTE: Thi s gui de speci f i cat i on cover s t he r equi r ement s f or r epai r of por t l and cement concr et e usi ng epoxy r esi n gr out s, mor t ar s and concr et es.

Adher e t o UFC 1-300-02 Uni f i ed Faci l i t i es Gui de Speci f i cat i ons ( UFGS) For mat St andar d when edi t i ng t hi s gui de speci f i cat i on or pr epar i ng new pr oj ect speci f i cat i on sect i ons. Edi t t hi s gui de speci f i cat i on f or pr oj ect speci f i c r equi r ement s by addi ng, del et i ng, or r evi s i ng t ext . For br acket ed i t ems, choose appl i cabl e i t em( s) or i nser t appr opr i at e i nf or mat i on.

Remove i nf or mat i on and r equi r ement s not r equi r ed i n r espect i ve pr oj ect , whet her or not br acket s ar e present.

Comment s, suggest i ons and r ecommended changes f or t hi s gui de speci f i cat i on ar e wel come and shoul d be submi t t ed as a Criteria Change Request (CCR) .

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE

This specification governs the rehabilitation of structural concrete.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

1.2.1 Bracing

Temporary supplemental members used to avoid local or global instability during construction, evaluation, or repair that are intended to be removed after completion of construction.

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 4

1.2.2 Delamination

A planar separation in a material that is roughly parallel to the surface of the material.

1.2.3 Rehabilitation

Repairing or modifying an existing structure to a desired useful condition.

1.2.4 Repair

The reconstruction or renewal of concrete parts of an existing structure for its maintenance or to correct deterioration, damage, or faulty construction of members or systems of a structure.

1.2.5 Shoring

Props or posts of timber or other material in compression used for the temporary support of excavations, formwork, or unsafe structures; the process of erecting shores.

1.2.6 Termination Joint

The interface where a placement of repair material meets existing concrete, the edge of an expansion joint, or other existing surfaces.

1.2.7 Unsound Concrete

Concrete that is fractured, delaminated, spalled, deteriorated, defective, contaminated or otherwise damaged.

1.3 REFERENCES

NOTE: Thi s par agr aph i s used t o l i s t t he publ i cat i ons c i t ed i n t he t ext of t he gui de speci f i cat i on. The publ i cat i ons ar e r ef er r ed t o i n t he t ext by basi c desi gnat i on onl y and l i s t ed i n t hi s par agr aph by or gani zat i on, desi gnat i on, dat e, and t i t l e.

Use t he Ref er ence Wi zar d' s Check Ref er ence f eat ur e when you add a Ref er ence I dent i f i er ( RI D) out si de of t he Sect i on' s Ref er ence Ar t i c l e t o aut omat i cal l y pl ace t he r ef er ence i n t he Ref er ence Ar t i c l e. Al so use t he Ref er ence Wi zar d' s Check Ref er ence f eat ur e t o updat e t he i ssue dat es.

Ref er ences not used i n t he t ext wi l l aut omat i cal l y be del et ed f r om t hi s sect i on of t he pr oj ect speci f i cat i on when you choose t o r econci l e r ef er ences i n t he publ i sh pr i nt pr ocess.

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to within the text by the basic designation only.

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 5

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE HIGHWAY AND TRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS

(AASHTO)

AASHTO M 288 (2021) Standard Specification for Geosynthetic Specification for Highway Applications

AMERICAN CONCRETE INSTITUTE (ACI)

ACI 117 (2010; Errata 2011) Specifications for Tolerances for Concrete Construction and Materials and Commentary

ACI 440.5 (2008) Specification for Construction with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforcing Bars

ACI 440.6 (2008) Specification for Carbon and Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bar Materials for Concrete Reinforcement

ACI 440.8 (2013) Specification for Carbon and Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Materials Made by Wet Layup for External Strengthening of Concrete and Masonry Structures

ACI 503.2-503.4 (2010, R 2003) Three Epoxy Specifications

ACI 503.3 (2010) Specification for Producing a Skid-Resistant Surface on Concrete by the Use of Epoxy and Aggregate

ACI 503.7 (2007) Specification for Crack Repair by Epoxy Injection

ACI 548.4 (2011) Standard Specification for Latex-Modified Concrete (LMC) Overlays

ACI 548.8 (2007) Specification for Type EM (Epoxy Multi-Layer) Polymer Overlay for Bridge and Parking Garage Decks

ACI 548.9 (2008) Specification for Type ES (Epoxy Slurry) Polymer Overlay for Bridge and Parking Garage Decks

ACI 548.10 (2010) Specification for Type MMS (Methyl Methacrylate Slurry) Polymer Overlays for Bridge and Parking Garage Decks

ACI 548.12 (2012) Specification for Bonding Hardened Concrete and Steel to Hardened Concrete with an Epoxy Adhesive

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGINEERS (ASCE)

ASCE/SEI 37 (2015) Design Loads on Structures During Construction

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 6

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

ASTM A775/A775M (2017) Standard Specification for Epoxy-Coated Steel Reinforcing Bars

ASTM A780/A780M (2020) Standard Practice for Repair of Damaged and Uncoated Areas of Hot-Dip Galvanized Coatings

ASTM A934/A934M (2016) Standard Specification for Epoxy-Coated Prefabricated Steel Reinforcing Bars

ASTM C33/C33M (2018) Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates

ASTM C42/C42M (2020) Standard Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete

ASTM C387/C387M (2017) Standard Specification for Packaged, Dry, Combined Materials for Concrete and High Strength Mortar

ASTM C496/C496M (2017) Standard Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens

ASTM C881/C881M (2020a) Standard Specification for Epoxy-Resin-Base Bonding Systems for Concrete

ASTM C882/C882M (2020) Bond Strength of Epoxy-Resin Systems Used with Concrete by Slant Shear

ASTM C928/C928M (2020a) Standard Specification for Packaged, Dry, Rapid-Hardening Cementitious Materials for Concrete Repairs

ASTM C1059/C1059M (2021) Standard Specification for Latex Agents for Bonding Fresh to Hardened Concrete

ASTM C1077 (2017) Standard Practice for Agencies Testing Concrete and Concrete Aggregates for Use in Construction and Criteria for Testing Agency Evaluation

ASTM C1438 (2013; R 2017) Standard Specification for Latex and Powder Polymer Modifiers for use in Hydraulic Cement Concrete and Mortar

ASTM C1583/C1583M (2013) Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Concrete Surfaces and the Bond Strength or Tensile Strength of Concrete Repair and Overlay Materials by Direct Tension (Pull-off Method)

ASTM C1600/C1600M (2017) Standard Specification for Rapid

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 7

Hardening Hydraulic Cement

ASTM C1602/C1602M (2018) Standard Specification for Mixing Water Used in Production of Hydraulic Cement Concrete

ASTM D93 (2019) Standard Test Methods for Flash-Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester

ASTM D226/D226M (2017) Standard Specification for Asphalt-Saturated Organic Felt Used in Roofing and Waterproofing

ASTM D323 (2015a) Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)

ASTM D450/D450M (2007; E 2013; R 2013) Coal-Tar Pitch Used in Roofing, Dampproofing, and Waterproofing

ASTM D542 (2014) Index of Refraction of Transparent Organic Plastics

ASTM D1078 (2011) Standard Test Method for Distillation Range of Volatile Organic Liquids

ASTM D2103 (2015) Standard Specification for Polyethylene Film and Sheeting

ASTM D2822/D2822M (2005; R 2011; E 2011) Standard Specification for Asphalt Roof Cement, Asbestos-Containing

ASTM D3418 (2015) Transition Temperatures of Polymers by Differential Scanning Calorimetry

ASTM D4016 (2014) Viscosity of Chemical Grouts by Brook field Viscometer (Laboratory Method)

ASTM D4580/D4580M (2012) Standard Practice for Measuring Delaminations in Concrete Bridge Decks by Sounding

ASTM D4869/D4869M (2016a) Standard Specification for Asphalt-Saturated Organic Felt Underlayment Used in Steep Slope Roofing

ASTM E329 (2021) Standard Specification for Agencies Engaged in Construction Inspection, Testing, or Special Inspection

INTERNATIONAL CONCRETE REPAIR INSTITUTE (ICRI)

ICRI 310.2R (2013) Selecting and Specifying Concrete Surface Preparation for Sealers, Coatings, Polymer Overlays, and Concrete Repair

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 8

1.4 SUBMITTALS

NOTE: Revi ew submi t t al descr i pt i on ( SD) def i ni t i ons i n Sect i on 01 33 00 SUBMI TTAL PROCEDURES and edi t t he f ol l owi ng l i s t , and cor r espondi ng submi t t al i t ems i n t he t ext , t o r ef l ect onl y t he submi t t al s r equi r ed f or t he pr oj ect . The Gui de Speci f i cat i on t echni cal edi t or s have cl assi f i ed t hose i t ems t hat r equi r e Gover nment appr oval , due t o t hei r compl exi t y or cr i t i cal i t y, wi t h a " G. " Gener al l y, ot her submi t t al i t ems can be r evi ewed by t he Cont r act or ' s Qual i t y Cont r ol Syst em. Onl y add a “ G” t o an i t em, i f t he submi t t al i s suf f i c i ent l y i mpor t ant or compl ex i n cont ext of t he pr oj ect .

For Ar my pr oj ect s, f i l l i n t he empt y br acket s f ol l owi ng t he " G" c l assi f i cat i on, wi t h a code of up t o t hr ee char act er s t o i ndi cat e t he appr ovi ng aut hor i t y. Codes f or Ar my pr oj ect s usi ng t he Resi dent Management Syst em ( RMS) ar e: " AE" f or Ar chi t ect - Engi neer ; " DO" f or Di st r i ct Of f i ce ( Engi neer i ng Di v i s i on or ot her or gani zat i on i n t he Di st r i ct Of f i ce) ; " AO" f or Ar ea Of f i ce; " RO" f or Resi dent Of f i ce; and " PO" f or Pr oj ect Of f i ce. Codes f ol l owi ng t he " G" t ypi cal l y ar e not used f or Navy, Ai r For ce, and NASA pr oj ect s.

The " S" c l assi f i cat i on i ndi cat es submi t t al s r equi r ed as pr oof of compl i ance f or sust ai nabi l i t y Gui di ng Pr i nci pl es Val i dat i on or Thi r d Par t y Cer t i f i cat i on and as descr i bed i n Sect i on 01 33 00 SUBMI TTAL

PROCEDURES.

Choose t he f i r st br acket ed i t em f or Navy, Ai r For ce and NASA pr oj ect s, or choose t he second br acket ed i t em f or Ar my pr oj ect s.

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" or "S" classification. Submittals not having a "G" or "S" classification are [for Contractor Quality Control approval.][for information only. When used, a code following the "G" classification identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government.] Submit the following in accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

SD-01 Preconstruction Submittals

Qualifications ; G[, [_____]]

Work Plan ; G[, [_____]]

Quality Control Plan ; G[, [_____]]

SD-03 Product Data

Conventional Concrete

Polymers

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 9

Miscellaneous Materials And Equipment

SD-04 Samples

Reinforcement And Reinforcement Supports

[Polymers ]

[Miscellaneous Materials And Equipment]

SD-05 Design Data

Formwork And Shoring ; G[, [_____]]

Repair Procedures ; G[, [_____]]

Mixture Proportioning ; G[, [_____]]

SD-06 Test Reports

Mixture Proportioning

Quality Control

[Tolerence Report]

[Reinforcement And Reinforcement Supports]

[Conventional Concrete]

[Polymers]

[Miscellaneous Materials And Equipment]

SD-07 Certificates

Qualifications

Reinforcement And Reinforcement Supports

[Conventional Concrete]

[Polymers]

SD-08 Manufacturer's Instructions

[Equipment For Concrete Preparation]

[Conventional Concrete]

[Polymers]

[Miscellaneous Materials And Equipment]

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 10

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

1.5.1 General Requirements

a. Follow the requirements of Section 03 30 00 CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE for Work involving portland cement concrete.

b. To protect personnel from overexposure to toxic materials, conform to the applicable manufacturer's Safety data sheets or local regulations.

Submit manufacturer's Safety Data Sheets for all polymers as well as other potentially hazardous materials.

c. Submit the repair procedures for executing the work as well as the test data and documentation on materials used for repair. Submittal must include component materials, mixture proportions, and supplier's quality control program.

d. Inspection and testing of surface preparation as well as placement of reinforcing steel must be in accordance with provisions included herein and the Contract Document.

e. Sampling and testing of materials, as well as inspection and testing of work, must be in accordance with established procedures, manufacturer's instructions, specific instructions from the Contracting Officer if given, or recommended practices as referenced herein and the Contract Documents.

f. Trial batches and testing requirements for various repair materials specified are the responsibility of the Contractor.

g. The testing agency must inspect, sample, and test repair materials and concrete production as required. When it appears that material furnished or work performed by Contractor fails to conform to Contract Documents the testing agency will immediately report such deficiency.

1.5.2 Quality Control Plan

Submit a quality control plan as specified in Sections 01 45 00.00 10 QUALITY CONTROL [and] [ 03 30 00 CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE].

1.5.3 Qualifications

The submittals must where applicable, identify agencies and individuals who will be working on this contract and their relevant experience. Do not make changes in approved agencies or personnel without prior approval of the Contracting Officer.

1.5.3.1 Testing Agencies

In addition to the requirements of Section 01 45 00.00 10 QUALITY CONTROL, agencies that test concrete materials must meet the requirements of ASTM C1077. Testing agencies that test or inspect placement of reinforcing steel must meet the requirement of ASTM E329. Submit data on qualifications of Contractor's proposed testing agency for acceptance.

1.5.3.2 Quality Control Personnel

Field tests of repair materials required must be made by an ICRI Concrete Surface Repair Technician Tier 2. Submit resumes, pertinent information, SECTION 03 01 00 Page 11 past experience, training and education of all operators of specialized demolition equipment if needed for this and the three paragraphs above.

1.5.3.3 Contractor Qualifications

The contractor performing the repair work must have been involved in a minimum of [three][_____] concrete repair projects similar in size and scope to this project for at least [five][_____] years. Submit information, including name, dollar value, date, and point-of-contact for similar projects which demonstrates the required experience and/or training.

1.5.3.4 Worker Qualifications

a. Each worker engaged in the use of specialized removal or application equipment, including [saw operators] [milling machine operators,] [hydromilling equipment operators,] [epoxy injection] [_____], must have satisfactorily completed an instruction program and three years of experience in the operation of the equipment. [The worker must have active experience with the equipment within five years of the project.]

b. Workers installing adhesive anchors must be ACI Adhesive Anchor Installer certified or equivalent.

NOTE: Add wor ker qual i f i cat i on r equi r ement s f or t he usage of speci al i zed equi pment i f needed. The i nst r uct i on pr ogr am f or wor ker s engaged i n t he use of gr out i nj ect i on equi pment must have i ncl uded t heor y on t he nat ur e and causes of cr acki ng i n concr et e, t he t echni cal aspect s of cor r ect mat er i al sel ect i on and use, and t he oper at i on, mai nt enance, and t r oubl eshoot i ng of equi pment used i n t he r epai r work.

1.5.3.5 Regulatory Requirements

Perform all work in accordance with applicable Federal, State, and local safety, health, and environmental requirements. The Contractor is responsible for obtaining all permits required by Federal, State, and local agencies for the performance of the work.

1.5.4 [Pre-Construction Conference]

NOTE: Appr opr i at e t echni cal r epr esent at i ves f or speci al i zed r epai r mat er i al s shoul d be r equi r ed t o meet wi t h t he Gover nment and Cont r act or r epr esent at i ves t o ensur e t hat al l par t i es i nvol ved ar e knowl edgeabl e of t he mat er i al pr oper t i es and appl i cat i on r equi r ement s.

[Conduct a pre-construction conference to discuss repair materials performance requirements, control provisions, and roles and responsibilities for the Work to ensure that the Contractor's personnel understand all aspects of the repair material, its properties and application procedures. The conference must include the Contracting

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 12

Officer or authorized representative, the Contractor's field superintendent and foreman, and a competent Technical Representative of the material manufacturer, and other involved trades or supplier representatives. The Technical Representative must be fully qualified to perform the work.]

1.5.5 Work Plan

Prepare a work plan describing the methods of concrete removal and repair, including methods, equipment and materials to be used for each feature.

Submit the work plan for approval at least 30 days prior to the start of the work. The plan must include, but not be limited to, repair materials to be used with specific information on products and/or constituents, and requirements for handling, storage, etc., equipment to be used, surface preparation, and requirements for placement, finishing, curing and protection specific to the materials used. Include a description of field demonstrations in the work plan. Do not commence work until the work plan and field demonstration representative of the type of work are approved.

1.6 ACCEPTANCE OF REHABILITATION WORK

1.6.1 General Requirements

a. Completed concrete rehabilitation work must conform to applicable requirements of Contract Document and this specification. The Contractor is responsible to bring Work into compliance with requirements of Contract Documents if the Concrete repair work fails to meet one or more requirements of Contract Documents.

b. Correct rejected repair work by removing and replacing or by strengthening with additional construction acceptable to the Contracting Officer. Use repair methods that meet applicable requirements for function, durability, dimensional tolerances, and appearance.

c. Submit proposed work plan , repair methods, materials, and modifications to the Work needed to correct rejected repair work to meet the requirements of Contract Documents.

1.6.2 Tolerances

a. Construction tolerances for repairs must conform to [ ACI 117 ][_____].

Where existing conditions do not allow tolerances to conform to [ ACI 117 ][_____], use the details and materials for such conditions as indicated in the Contract Documents. For conditions not shown or that are different than indicated in the Contract Documents, notify the Contracting Officer before proceeding with the work at those locations.[Provide a tolerence report as required by Section 03 30 00

CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE.]

b. Inaccurately formed concrete surfaces resulting in concrete members with dimensions that exceed [ ACI 117 ][_____] tolerances are subject to rejection.

1.6.3 Appearance

Concrete surfaces not meeting the requirements of the Contract Documents must be brought into compliance.

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 13

1.7 PROTECTION OF COMPLETED REHABILITATION WORK

a. Do not allow construction loads to exceed the loads that a structural member or structure is safely capable of supporting without damage.

Provide supplemental support if construction loads are expected to exceed safe load capacity.

b. Protect repaired and adjacent areas from damage by construction traffic, equipment, and materials. During the curing period, protect repair materials from damage by mechanical disturbances, including load-induced stresses, shock, and vibration.

c. Protect repair materials from environmental damage by weather events during the length of the curing period.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

NOTE: Unconvent i onal pr oduct s and mat er i al s coul d somet i mes be t he best sol ut i ons f or r epai r s. Si nce t he r epai r i ndust r y i s evol v i ng, pr oduct s and mat er i al s not l i s t ed i n t hi s document t hat have had a r ecor d of success i n t he f i el d coul d be al l owed on a pr oj ect . The Cont r act i ng Of f i cer must per mi t t he usage of t hose mat er i al s pr i or t o appl i cat i on.

Addi t i onal submi t t al s f or t hose mat er i al s shoul d al so be r equest ed as needed.

Products or materials used must conform to the requirements included herein as well as the Contract Documents. The usage of other products or materials not covered by this requirement or specified in the Contract Documents are permitted upon approval by the Contracting Officer.

Additional information and submittals for products and materials not included in this document including product data, samples, design data, test reports, certificates, manufacturer's instructions, and field reports must be submitted as requested by the Contracting Officer.

2.1 MATERIALS FOR SHORING AND BRACING

2.1.1 Shoring and Bracing Systems

Use commercially manufactured and engineered shoring and bracing systems and components, except where custom built assemblies of lumber or other suitable materials are permitted by the Contracting Officer.

2.1.2 Design Requirements

The design of the bracing and shoring must be based on ASCE/SEI 37 .

a. Non-manufactured shoring and bracing systems must have calculations signed and sealed by a Licensed Design Professional.

b. Members of non-manufactured shoring systems, must be designed in accordance with the provisions of the governing building code for the specific material of the member.

c. Members of manufactured shoring systems, consisting of pre-engineered components designed and produced specifically for structural shoring, SECTION 03 01 00 Page 14 must be used in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.

2.2 EQUIPMENT FOR CONCRETE PREPARATION

NOTE: Ref er t o ACI 546R and I CRI 310. 2R f or mor e det ai l gui dance on met hods di scussed i n t hi s paragraph.

Means and methods used for concrete removal and surface preparation must be selected and used such as to minimize damage to the structure and to the concrete substrate that remains.

2.2.1 Equipment for Concrete Removal

Removal equipment and techniques must be suitable to produce concrete surface profiles and level of cleanliness in designated areas as required by this specification and the contract Documents.

2.2.1.1 [Cutting Equipment]

NOTE: Cut t i ng equi pment and met hods ar e used t o cut and r emove concr et e sect i ons. I ncl ude t hi s par agr aph i f cut t i ng equi pment and met hods ar e r equi r ed or per mi t t ed f or concr et e r emoval .

a. The following cutting equipment are permitted: [High-pressure water jet without abrasives][Saw cutting][Diamond wire cutting][Mechanical shearing][Stitch drilling][_____].

NOTE: Ref er t o ACI 546R f or det ai l s on sel ect i ng t he di f f er ent equi pment and met hods f or cut t i ng concrete.

b. Cutting, lifting, and transporting equipment must be adequate to cut, support, and transport concrete sections without incurring any damage to the existing structure.

2.2.1.2 Concrete Breakers

NOTE: concr et e br eaker s ar e al so known as i mpact met hods. These ar e t he most commonl y used met hods f or concr et e r emoval .

a. Provide sharp tips on breaker equipment to minimize microcracking damage in partial depth removal.

NOTE: Shar p- poi nt ed t ool s t end t o r educe t he pot ent i al f or mi cr ocr acki ng of t he sur f ace concr et e l ef t i n pl ace.

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 15

b. The use of the following impact equipment and methods is permitted:

[Hand-held breakers][Boom-mounted breakers][Scabblers][Needle scalers][Scarifiers][Milling methods][_____].

c. [The maximum breaker size is [_____]][_____].

NOTE: Use t he i nf or mat i on pr ovi ded i n t hi s not e and ACI 546R t o sel ect t he sui t abl e t ype and si ze of i mpact br eaker s al l owed on t he pr oj ect ( bul l et poi nt b and c) . Not e t hat you can i ncl ude di f f er ent t ypes and si zes of br eaker s f or a j ob and speci f y wher e each shoul d be used. Usi ng l ar ge br eaker s i ncr eases t he pot ent i al f or mi cr ocr acki ng, and t hat i s why a sui t abl e s i ze ( or l i mi t s) shoul d be speci f i ed.

Hand- hel d br eaker s ( chi ppi ng hammer s) : s i ze r anges f r om 8 t o 90 l bs ( 3. 5 t o 41 kg) . Smal l er hand- hel d br eaker s ar e commonl y used i n par t i al dept h r emoval of sound and unsound concr et e and concr et e r emoval ar ound r ei nf or ci ng st eel because t hey mi ni mi ze damage t o t he exi st i ng concr et e and r ei nf or ci ng st eel . Lar ger br eaker s ar e used f or r emoval of l ar ge vol umes of concr et e. For exampl e, a 14 kg ( 30 l bs) br eaker can be speci f i ed f or r emoval of concr et e above r ei nf or ci ng st eel whi l e a smal l er 7 kg ( 15 l bs) hammer can be speci f i ed t o r emove concr et e ar ound r ei nf or ci ng st eel .

Boom- mount ed br eaker s: i s l i ke t he hand- hel d br eaker except t hat i t i s mechani cal l y oper at ed and consi der abl y l ar ger t han a handhel d br eaker .

Boom- mount ed br eaker s di f f er f r om hand- hel d br eaker s as t hey f unct i on on t he pr i nci pl e of hi gh ener gy and l ow f r equency r at her t han l ow ener gy and hi gh f r equency, and ar e dr i ven by compr essed ai r or hydr aul i c pr essur e. The r each of t he hydr aul i c ar m enabl es t he br eaker t o be used on ver t i cal or over head sur f aces at a consi der abl e di st ance above and bel ow t he machi ne l evel .

The boom- mount ed br eaker i s a hi ghl y pr oduct i ve means of r emovi ng concr et e; however , t he hi gh- cycl e i mpact ener gy del i ver ed t o a st r uct ur e by t he br eaker gener at es f or ces t hat may damage t he exi st i ng concr et e and r ei nf or ci ng st eel and adver sel y af f ect t he i nt egr i t y of t he st r uct ur e.

For boom- mount ed br eaker s, l i mi t s speci f i ed ar e based on ener gy not wei ght ( exampl e 205 N- m or 150 ft-lbs).

Mi l l i ng met hods can r emove a speci f i ed amount of concr et e f r om l ar ge ar eas of hor i zont al or ver t i cal sur f aces. The r emoval dept h t ypi cal l y r anges f r om 1/ 4 t o 4 i n. ( 6 t o 100 mm) . Removal dept h i s det er mi ned by t he number and si ze of t eet h. Mi l l i ng oper at i ons t ypi cal l y l eave a sound sur f ace wi t h f ewer mi cr of r act ur es t han i mpact met hods.

Rot ar y head mi l l i ng equi pment i s used f or uni f or m

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 16 dept h r emoval on hor i zont al or ver t i cal sur f aces.

Boom- mount ed mi l l i ng head ar e used t ypi cal l y f or ver t i cal sur f aces.

For i nf or mat i on on Scabbl er s, Needl e scal er s, and Scar i f i er s r ef er t o ACI 546R.

2.2.1.3 [Hydromilling Equipment]

NOTE: Del et e t hi s par agr aph i f wat er bl ast i ng equi pment i s not al l owed on t he j ob. For mor e i nf or mat i on on hydr odemol i t i on r ef er t o ACI 546R and

I CRI 310. 3R.

a. Hydromilling equipment must include a trailer-mounted water tank, pumps, high-pressure hose, wand with safety release cutoff control, nozzle, and auxiliary water re-supply equipment. The water tank and auxiliary re-supply equipment must be of sufficient capacity to permit continuous operations.

b. Hydrodemolition for concrete removal is permitted in the following locations: [_____]

NOTE: Speci f y wher e ( t he l ocat i ons) hydr odemol i t i on i s per mi t t ed t o be used f or concr et e r emoval .

c. Use protective covers and barriers to protect adjacent surfaces not intended to be repaired from water blasting and over-spray.

d. Use equipment capable of delivering pressures of 35 MPa 5000 psi to 275 MPa 40,000 psi at 7.5 liters/min 2 gal/min to 190 liters/min 50 gal/min for concrete removal and surface preparation.

e. [Noise resulting from hydrodemolition operations must be at a noise level of less than [90 decibels][_____] at a distance of [ 15 m 50 ft.

NOTE: Hydr odemol i t i on does not pr oduce si gni f i cant sound t hat i s t r ansmi t t ed t hr ough a st r uct ur e;

however , t he noi se f r om t he hydr odemol i t i on uni t i n t he wor k ar ea i s suf f i c i ent l y l oud and may be obj ect i onabl e t o t he publ i c. I f noi se r esul t i ng f r om hydr odemol i t i on oper at i ons need t o be cont r ol l ed, t hen add t he above r equi r ement and make changes t o i t as needed

2.2.2 Surface preparation and cleaning equipment

2.2.2.1 [Abrasive Blasting]

a. Use [dry][wet][dry or wet] oil-free abrasive blasting capable of removing loose micro-fractured (bruised) or otherwise damaged or

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 17 pulverized concrete surfaces, and rust from exposed steel reinforcement, and providing a surface profile in compliance with the Contract Documents.

NOTE: Choose i f dr y or wet abr asi ve bl ast i ng can be used. Ref er t o ACI 546R f or mor e i nf or mat i on on t he topic.

b. [Use the following abrasive blasting methods: [Sandblasting] [Shotblasting] [_____]]

NOTE: Add t hi s r equi r ement i f met hods of abr asi ve bl ast i ng need t o be speci f i ed. Thi s r equi r ement can be expanded t o i ncl ude l ocat i ons wher e cer t ai n met hods of abr asi ve met hods shoul d be used. I f t hi s i s needed, t hen speci f y t he met hod al ong wi t h t he l ocat i on t hat i t shoul d be used.

2.2.2.2 [Low Pressure Water Cleaning]

Use equipment capable of delivering 7 MPa 1000 psi to 35 MPa to 5000 psi at

7.5 liters/min 2 gal/min to 38 liters/min 10 gal/min for cleaning loose material from repair areas.

2.2.2.3 Other Cleaning Equipment

Use equipment that delivers oil free air capable of cleaning loose material and debris from repair areas. If necessary to dry the concrete surface, [gas-fired torches or] clean, dry, compressed air may be used.

Also, use vacuums capable of removing loose material and debris.

2.3 MATERIALS FOR FORMWORK AND EMBEDDED ITEMS

a. Formwork and embedded items must meet the requirements specified in Section [ 03 30 00 CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE] [ 03 30 53 MISCELLANEOUS

CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE][_____].

NOTE: For mwor k r equi r ement s f or r epai r s ar e s i mi l ar t o r equi r ement s f or new const r uct i on. For mwor k shoul d be desi gned t o suppor t r epai r mat er i al pr essur es as wel l as pr essur e r esul t i ng f r om pl acement and consol i dat i on v i br at i ons. For mwor k shoul d al so be desi gned t o mai nt ai n speci f i ed di mensi onal t ol er ances.

b. Install and remove formwork without damaging or staining the existing structure or repair material.

c. Forms used for polymer concrete/mortars must be tight enough to hold the material that is used without leaking. All surfaces where bond is not desired, but which are exposed to the monomer or resin, must be treated with a form release agent.

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 18

NOTE: Some pol ymer s/ r esi ns/ monomer s have l ow vi scosi t y and mi ght r equi r e t i ght er f or ms t han what i s usual l y used f or por t l and cement concr et e.

2.4 REINFORCEMENT AND REINFORCEMENT SUPPORTS

2.4.1 Steel Bars, Wires, and Fiber-reinforced Concrete

a. Reinforcement and reinforcement support must meet the requirements specified in Section [ 03 30 00 CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE] [ 03 30 53

MISCELLANEOUS CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE][_____].

NOTE: Convent i onal r ei nf or cement used f or r epai r s i s no di f f er ent t han r ei nf or cement used f or new construction.

b. Repair coating damage incurred during shipment, storage, handling, and placing of reinforcing bars in accordance with [the appropriate ASTM standard practices for repair of damaged reinforcement][ ASTM A780/A780M ][ ASTM A775/A775M ][ ASTM A934/A934M ][_____]. Damaged areas must not exceed 2 percent of surface area in each linear foot of each bar.

NOTE: Coat ed r ei nf or ci ng bar s of t en i ncur damage dur i ng t r anspor t at i on and handl i ng. Coat ed r ei nf or ci ng bar s ar e used t o mi t i gat e cor r osi on and t hat i s why i t i s i mpor t ant t o ensur e t hat t hey ar e not damaged and t he cause of f ut ur e l ocal i zed cor r osi on f ai l ur es.

ASTM has sever al document s t hat di scuss pr act i ces f or r epai r of damaged bar s. ASTM A780/ A780M di scusses t he r epai r Zi nc- coat ed r ei nf or ci ng bar s, whi l e ASTM A775/ A775M and ASTM A934/ A934M di scuss pr act i ces f or r epai r of epoxy- coat ed bar s ( See ASTM st andar ds f or ot her t ypes of bar r epai r s) . Speci f y a st andar d f or r epai r of bar s as needed i n your pr oj ect . I f t he st at ement " . . . i n accor dance wi t h t he appr opr i at e ASTM st andar d pr act i ces f or r epai r of damaged r ei nf or cement " i s sel ect ed, t hen i t wi l l be up t o t he Cont r act or t o choose t he ASTM st andar d f or r epai r when mul t i pl e st andar ds exi st .

c. Mechanical splices for coated reinforcement must have compatible coatings, in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. Splices for galvanized reinforcement must be galvanized or coated with dielectric material. Splices used with epoxy-coated or dual-coated reinforcement must be coated with dielectric material.

d. Submit mill certificates and shop drawings as requirement by Section [

03 30 00 CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE] [ 03 30 53 MISCELLANEOUS CAST-IN-PLACE

CONCRETE][_____].

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 19

2.4.2 Fiber-Reinforced Polymers

NOTE: Fi ber - Rei nf or ced Pol ymer s ( FRP) i ncl ude FRP bar s and FRP l ami nat es. FRP bar s ar e used i nsi de ( and somet i mes out si de) t he concr et e t o r epl ace convent i onal st eel r ei nf or cement . FRP l ami nat es ar e at t ached out si de concr et e member s mai nl y f or st r engt heni ng pur poses. For mor e i nf or mat i on on FRP bar s and l ami nat es, r ef er t o ACI 440 document s.

a. Fiber-Reinforced Polymers (FRP) bars used as internal reinforcement in concrete and their supports must meet the product requirements of ACI 440.5 and conform to [ ACI 440.6 ][_____].

NOTE: ACI 440. 5 and ACI 440. 6 ar e t wo ACI speci f i cat i ons r el at ed t o t he use of FRP bar s i n concr et e. ACI 440. 5 i s a const r uct i on st andar d, whi l e ACI 440. 6 i s a mat er i al st andar d. ACI 440. 6 was wr i t t en by an ACI commi t t ee as t he basi s of a f ut ur e ASTM st andar d. I f ACI 440. 6 i s wi t hdr awn and adopt ed by ASTM, r ef er t o t he ASTM mat er i al st andar d i nst ead of ACI 440. 6.

b. Submit test reports and certificates for FRP bars as required by ACI 440.5 and the Contract Documents.

c. Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) laminate materials externally bonded to concrete made by wet layup must meet the requirements of ACI 440.8 and the Contract Documents. Submit product data sheets for materials used for FRP layup systems as described in ACI 440.8 .

d. The use of externally bonded FRP systems other than wet layup systems are permitted upon approval by the Contracting Officer. Submit product and materials data, design data, test reports, certificates, manufacturer's instructions, and field reports for those systems as requested by the Contracting Officer and required by Contract Documents.

NOTE: To l ear n mor e about commer ci al l y avai l abl e ext er nal l y bonded FRP syst ems r ef er t o ACI 440. 2R.

2.5 CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE

NOTE: Convent i onal concr et e used f or r epai r s has t he same base r equi r ement s as concr et e used f or new construction.

Addi t i onal r equi r ement s t o consi der i n mat er i al sel ect i on i ncl ude:

- Good t ensi l e bond, t o have a st r ong bond bet ween t he r epai r and subst r at e.

- Modul us of el ast i c i t y s i mi l ar t o subst r at e.

- Low dr yi ng shr i nkage so t hat t he mat er i al does not

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 20 l ose vol ume over t i me.

- Mat chi ng coef f i c i ent of t her mal expansi on wi t h t he subst r at e by usi ng si mi l ar coar se aggr egat e t ype.

Mat er i al s wi t h di f f er ent coef f i c i ent s of t her mal expansi on wi l l shr i nk/ expand at di f f er ent r at es and cause cr acki ng or spal l i ng.

- Low cr eep so t hat t he r epai r does not r el ax over t i me due t o l oads.

Not e t hat t hese mat er i al r equi r ement s and pr oper t i es shoul d have been consi der ed i n t he desi gn phase.

Ref er t o ACI 546R, ACI 546. 3R, and I CRI 320. 2R. f or mor e i nf or mat i on t he sel ect i on of mat er i al s f or repair.

a. Portland cement concrete materials must meet the requirements specified in Section [ 03 30 00 CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE] [ 03 30 53

MISCELLANEOUS CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE][_____].

b. Materials for shotcrete must meet the requirements of Section 03 37 13

SHOTCRETE.

c. [For cement based bonding systems use neat portland cement or a blend of portland cement and an ASTM C33/C33M fine aggregate filler proportioned one to one by mass. The water-to-cement ratio of the bonding mixture must be [equal to the water-to-cement ratio of concrete used as a repair or overlay material][_____]. Water used must meet ASTM C1602/C1602M requirements.]

NOTE: I f t he use of cement based bondi ng agent i s not per mi t t ed, del et e t hi s r equi r ement . I f i t i s per mi t t ed, t hen speci f y t he wat er - t o- cement r at i o f or t hat mi xt ur e.

d. [Use cementitious materials indicated in the Contract Documents.][Use cementitious materials of the same brand and type from the same manufacturing plant as the cementitious materials used in the concrete represented by the submitted field test records or used in trial mixtures.][_____]

NOTE: I f i nf or mat i on on cement i t i ous mat er i al s i s pr ovi ded i n t he Cont r act Document s, t hen t he f i r st par t of t he r equi r ement shoul d be suf f i c i ent . I f t he i nf or mat i on on cement i t i ous mat er i al s i s not pr ovi ded, t he second par t of t he r equi r ement wi l l r equi r e t he use of mat er i al s t hat mat ch t he exi st i ng concr et e ( subst r at e) .

Usi ng si mi l ar cement i t i ous mat er i al s i s pr escr i bed t o have compat i bi l i t y bet ween t he r epai r mat er i al and t he exi st i ng subst r at e. The use of i ncompat i bl e mat er i al s can cause det er i or at i on at t he i nt er f ace bet ween t he exi st i ng and new concr et e due t o di f f er ent i al vol ume changes.

Not e t hat t hi s r equi r ement i s onl y appl i cabl e i f t he mat er i al s or i gi nal l y used f or t he subst r at e wer e adequat e and not t he cause of det er i or at i on.

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 21

Mat er i al sel ect i on shoul d have been consi der ed i n t he desi gn phase of t he r epai r .

e. Aggregates used in concrete must be obtained from the same sources [,be of the same type][and have the same size range] as aggregates used in the concrete represented by submitted historical data or used in trial mixtures.

NOTE: Li ke cement i t i ous mat er i al s r equi r ement s, aggr egat es used f or concr et e need t o be compat i bl e wi t h t he exi st i ng concr et e.

Onl y r equi r e t he same si ze r ange of aggr egat e i f i t i s appr opr i at e f or t he r epai r . Remember t hat t he maxi mum coar se aggr egat e s i ze shoul d not exceed t hr ee- f our t hs of t he mi ni mum cl ear spaci ng bet ween r ei nf or ci ng bar s, one- f i f t h of t he nar r owest di mensi on bet ween si des of f or ms, or one- t hi r d of t he t hi ckness of s l abs, over l ays, or par t i al dept h repairs.

f. Refer to Section [ 03 30 00 CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE] [ 03 30 53 MISCELLANEOUS CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE][03 37 13 SHOTCRETE][_____] for details on submittals involving conventional concrete.

2.6 POLYMERS

NOTE: For mor e i nf or mat i on on pol ymer s and t hei r use i n r epai r , r ef er t o ACI 503, 546, 548, RAP ( Repai r Appl i cat i on Pr ocedur es) document s and I CRI 320.2R.

When sel ect i ng pol ymer s f or r epai r s, sel ect t he mat er i al based on t he desi r ed pr oper t i es. Some pol ymer s l i ke epoxi es ar e wel l def i ned and st andar di zed whi ch makes speci f y i ng t hem much easi er . Ot her mat er i al s l i ke ur et hanes ar e not wel l st andar di zed f or usage i n const r uct i on. These shoul d onl y be speci f i ed af t er r evi ewi ng i nf or mat i on obt ai ned f r om t he mat er i al manuf act ur er and compar i ng t hat t o t he desi r ed pr oper t i es needed f or t he r epai r .

Some of t he pr oper t i es t o consi der when speci f y i ng t hese mat er i al s ar e: wor ki ng t i me of t he mat er i al , cur i ng t i mes and r equi r ement s, v i scosi t y and t he abi l i t y t o penet r at e cr acks, r esi st ance t o t emper at ur e changes, sensi t i v i t y t o l i ght ( UV r ays) and ot her exposur es, t hi ckness of mat er i al r equi r ed, st r engt h, f l exi bi l i t y and r i gi di t y, and compat i bi l i t y wi t h ot her mat er i al s.

a. The requirements for the properties of polymers and aggregates used in

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 22 polymers must meet the requirements specified in this paragraph as well as the properties specified in the referenced specifications and the Contract Documents.

b. Polymers used must be compatible with other polymers and materials used on the project. Unless repair materials are specified in the contract documents, the Contractor is responsible for verifying material compatibilities.

NOTE: Mat er i al compat i bi l i t y i s v i t al i n r epai r s.

Make sur e t hat you speci f y mat er i al s t hat wi l l wor k wel l t oget her and wor k wel l wi t h concr et e.

c. Submit product data, manufacturer's Safety Data Sheets,samples, design data, test reports, certificates, manufacturer's instructions, and field reports for materials as required by this document as well as the referenced specifications and the Contract Documents.

2.6.1 Epoxies

NOTE: Epoxy mor t ar s and concr et e do not have t her mal char act er i st i cs compat i bl e wi t h por t l and cement concr et e. Thi s t her mal i ncompat i bi l i t y shoul d be car ef ul l y consi der ed bef or e speci f y i ng epoxy mor t ar or concr et e f or ext er i or concr et e sur f ace r epai r s.

For exampl e, when used t o r epai r cr acks, l i mi t t hei r use t o cr acks r angi ng f r om 0. 002 t o 0. 25 i n. ( 0. 05 t o 6 mm) wi de; a t hi cker cr oss sect i on of t he epoxy i n a cr ack exposed t o l ar ge t emper at ur e var i at i ons can cause i nt er nal st r esses i n t he r epai r ed concr et e. Mor eover , epoxy shoul d not be used t o r epai r act i ve cr acks ( st i l l movi ng) because cr acks par al l el t o t he or i gi nal cr acks ar e l i kel y t o occur .

For mor e i nf or mat i on on epoxi es and cr ack r epai r r ef er t o ACO 546R, ACI 546. 3R, and ACI 548. 1R.

a. Epoxy mortars and epoxy compounds must conform to ASTM C881/C881M [.][,Type [_____]; Class [_____]; Grade [_____]; [_____].]

b. Epoxy mortars used for repairing defects in hardened portland cement concrete must meet the requirements of ACI 503.2-503.4 .

c. Epoxy used for crack repair must meet the requirements of ACI 503.7 .

NOTE: Epoxy i s one of t he mai n pol ymer mat er i al s used f or cr ack r epai r s. Cr ack r epai r ar e usual l y ei t her f or st r uct ur al pur poses ( st r engt h r el at ed) or f or seal i ng cr acks ( st op wat er and ot her mat er i al s f r om passi ng t hr ough) . Because of t hei r bond st r engt h, epoxi es ar e t he mai n mat er i al s used f or st r uct ur al cr ack r epai r s. They shoul d however not be

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 23 used wi t h act i ve cr acks. Ref er t o ACI 546R and

546. 3R f or mor e det ai l s.

Al so, not e t hat ASTM C881/ C881M, Type I V, Gr ade 1 i s good f or r epai r i ng cr ack s i zes f r om 0. 005 t o 0. 010 i n. ( 0. 13 t o 0. 25 mm) . Smal l er cr acks may not need r epai r . For l ar ger cr acks, a mor e vi scous epoxy may be appr opr i at e ( ACI RAP 1 and ACI 503. 7) .

d. Epoxy used to produce a skid-resistant surface on hardened concrete must meet the requirements of ACI 503.3 .

e. Epoxy used for overlays must meet the requirements of [ ACI 548.8 ][

ACI 548.9 ].

NOTE: ACI 548. 8 cover s Epoxy mul t i - l ayer over l ays whi l e ACI 548. 9 cover s epoxy sl ur r y over l ays ( f or Br i dge and Par ki ng Gar age Decks) . Ref er t o t hose document s f or mor e det ai l s.

f. Epoxy used for bonding freshly mixed concrete and hardened concrete must meet the requirements of ASTM C881/C881M, Type [II][V], Grade [2][3], Class [A][B][C].

NOTE: Type I I adhesi ves ar e used i n non- l oad- bear i ng appl i cat i ons, wher eas Type V ar e f or l oad- bear i ng uses. Gr ade 1 mat er i al s ar e l ow vi scosi t y ( not t o be used f or t hi s appl i cat i on) .

Gr ade 2 mat er i al s ar e medi um vi scosi t y. Gr ade 3 mat er i al s have a non- saggi ng consi st ency. Cl ass A mat er i al s ar e used when t emper at ur es ar e bel ow 40° F ( 4° C) , Cl ass B mat er i al s ar e used when t emper at ur es ar e t ypi cal l y bet ween 40 and 60° F ( 4 and 16° C) , and Cl ass C mat er i al s ar e used when t emper at ur es ar e above 60° F ( 16° C) wi t h upper l i mi t s set by t he manufacturer.

Ref er t o ASTM C881/ C881M f or mor e i nf or mat i on about t ypes, gr ades, and cl asses of epoxi es.

Ref er t o ACI 548. 11R f or mor e i nf or mat i on about epoxy used as bondi ng agent .

g. Epoxy used for bonding hardened concrete and steel to hardened concrete must meet the requirements of ACI 548.12 .

2.6.2 Latexes

a. Latex used in polymer modified portland cement concrete/mortar must meet the requirements of ASTM C1438.

b. Latex used in polymer modified portland cement concrete overlays must meet the requirements of ACI 548.4 .

SECTION 03 01 00 Page 24

c. Latex used for bonding freshly mixed concrete and hardened concrete must meet the requirements of ASTM C1059/C1059M , Type II.

NOTE: Ref er t o ASTM C1059 f or mor e i nf or mat i on about l at ex used as bondi ng agent . Al so, r ef er t o ACI 548. 12 f or i nf or mat i on about use and appl i cat i on of t hi s mat er i al .

2.6.3 Methacrylates

NOTE: Per ACI 546R, met hacr yl at es have hi gh adhesi ve st r engt h and can bond cr acks as a st r uct ur al r epai r . Met hacr yl at es can t her ef or e be used t o r est or e st r engt h ( l i ke epoxi es) t o a st r uct ur al as wel l as f or seal i ng cr acks.

a. Methyl methacrylate slurry (MMS) used for overlays must meet the requirements of ACI 548.10 .

b. High molecular weight methacrylate (HMWM) must be a 2-component, rapid curing, and solvent-free system.

c. HMWM monomers must be a high molecular weight or…