Appendix 12 - UFGS 32 12 36.13.pdf

USACE / NAVFAC / AFCEC / NASA UFGS- 32 12 36. 13 ( May 2017)

Pr epar i ng Act i v i t y: USACE Superseding UFGS- 32 01 13 ( August 2008)

UNI FI ED FACI LI TI ES GUI DE SPECI FI CATI ONS

Ref er ences ar e i n agr eement wi t h UMRL dat ed Januar y 2022

SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS

DIVISION 32 - EXTERIOR IMPROVEMENTS

SECTION 32 12 36.13

ASPHALTIC SEAL AND FOG COATS

05/17

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 UNIT PRICES

1.1.1 Measurement

1.1.1.1 Bituminous Material

1.1.1.2 Aggregate

1.1.2 Payment

1.1.3 Waybills and Delivery Tickets

1.2 REFERENCES

1.3 SUBMITTALS

1.4 EQUIPMENT, TOOLS, AND MACHINES

1.4.1 Bituminous Distributors

1.4.2 Aggregate Spreader

1.4.3 Pneumatic-Tired Roller

1.4.4 Power Brooms and Power Blowers

1.4.5 Scales

1.4.6 Weighhouse

1.4.7 Storage Tanks

1.4.8 Single-Pass, Surface-Treatment Machines

1.4.9 Vacuum Sweepers

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

1.5.1 Samples

1.5.2 Aggregates Source

1.5.3 Bituminous Material Source

1.5.4 Equipment Calibration

1.6 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

1.7 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 BITUMINOUS MATERIAL FOR SEAL COAT

2.2 AGGREGATE FOR SEAL COAT

2.2.1 Coarse Aggregate

2.2.1.1 Film Retention

SECTION 32 12 36.13 Page 1

2.2.1.2 Particle Shapes

2.2.1.3 Weight Loss

2.2.1.4 Friable Particles

2.2.1.5 Crushed Slag

2.2.1.6 Crushed Aggregate

2.2.2 Fine Aggregate

2.3 EMULSIFIED ASPHALT FOR FOG SEAL

2.4 WATER

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION OF SURFACE

3.2 SEAL COAT APPLICATION

3.2.1 Rate

3.2.2 Temperature

3.2.3 Application of Bituminous Material

3.2.4 Aggregate Application Rate

3.2.5 Application of Aggregate

3.2.6 Rolling and Brooming

3.3 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL - SEAL COAT

3.3.1 Tests

3.3.1.1 Gradation

3.3.1.2 Abrasion Resistance

3.3.1.3 Stripping

3.3.2 Bituminous Material Sample

3.4 TRIAL APPLICATION - SEAL COAT

3.5 FOG SEAL APPLICATION

3.5.1 Sample Application

3.5.2 Application Inspection

3.5.3 Inspection Reports

3.5.4 Application

3.6 SITE PROTECTION

3.7 TRAFFIC CONTROL

-- End of Section Table of Contents --

SECTION 32 12 36.13 Page 2

USACE / NAVFAC / AFCEC / NASA UFGS- 32 12 36. 13 ( May 2017)

Pr epar i ng Act i v i t y: USACE Superseding UFGS- 32 01 13 ( August 2008)

UNI FI ED FACI LI TI ES GUI DE SPECI FI CATI ONS

Ref er ences ar e i n agr eement wi t h UMRL dat ed Januar y 2022

SECTION 32 12 36.13

ASPHALTIC SEAL AND FOG COATS

05/17

NOTE: Thi s gui de speci f i cat i on cover s t he r equi r ement s f or asphal t i c sur f ace coat i ngs f or l ow vol ume r oads, par ki ng ar eas, and ot her gener al appl i cat i ons. A f og coat can al so be used on ai r f i el ds i n ar eas such as shoul der s, t axi ways, and overruns.

Adher e t o UFC 1-300-02 Uni f i ed Faci l i t i es Gui de Speci f i cat i ons ( UFGS) For mat St andar d when edi t i ng t hi s gui de speci f i cat i on or pr epar i ng new pr oj ect speci f i cat i on sect i ons. Edi t t hi s gui de speci f i cat i on f or pr oj ect speci f i c r equi r ement s by addi ng, del et i ng, or r evi s i ng t ext . For br acket ed i t ems, choose appl i cabl e i t em( s) or i nser t appr opr i at e i nf or mat i on.

Remove i nf or mat i on and r equi r ement s not r equi r ed i n r espect i ve pr oj ect , whet her or not br acket s ar e present.

Thi s speci f i cat i on must be edi t ed t o r emove al l r ef er ences t o Fog Seal when i t i s not r equi r ed i n t he pr oj ect and t o r emove r ef er ences t o aggr egat es when aggr egat es ar e not used wi t h t he seal er s.

Comment s, suggest i ons and r ecommended changes f or t hi s gui de speci f i cat i on ar e wel come and shoul d be submi t t ed as a Criteria Change Request (CCR) .

PART 1 GENERAL

NOTE: Bi t umi nous seal coat shoul d not be used on pr i mar y r oads or ai r f i el d ar eas wher e hi gh speed t r af f i c i s expect ed. Seal coat s wi t h uncoat ed aggr egat e wi l l not be used on ai r f i el ds due t o FOD pot ent i al . Fog seal s l ower t he f r i c t i on of paved

SECTION 32 12 36.13 Page 3 sur f aces and wi l l not be used on r unways, hi gh speed t axi way t ur nof f s, or moder at e t o hi gh speed r oads unl ess appr oval i s obt ai ned f r om NAVFAC HQ, AFCEC or t he TSMCX.

UFC 3- 250- 03 shoul d be used f or gui dance i n pr epar i ng t hese speci f i cat i ons.

1.1 UNIT PRICES

NOTE: Del et e t hi s par agr aph when l ump sum bi ddi ng i s used.

1.1.1 Measurement

Measure the quantities of bituminous material and aggregate used in the accepted work and to be paid for, provided that the measured quantities are not more than 10 percent over the specified application rate. Any amount of bituminous material and aggregate more than 10 percent over the specified application rate for each application will be deducted from the measured quantities except for irregular areas where hand spraying of the bituminous material and hand spreading of the aggregate is necessary.

1.1.1.1 Bituminous Material

NOTE: When t he bi t umi nous mat er i al i s measur ed i n liters gal l ons, t he appr opr i at e ASTM met hod wi l l be r et ai ned f or cor r ect i ng t he measur ed vol ume f or t he t ype of bi t umi nous mat er i al speci f i ed.

The amount of bituminous material to be paid for will be measured in [ metric 2000 pound tons,] [ L at 15.6 degrees C gallons at 60 degrees F ] of residual asphalt cement. Correct volumes measured at temperatures other than 15.6 degrees C 60 degrees F in accordance with [ ASTM D1250] [, using a coefficient of expansion of 0.00045 per degree C 0.00025 per degree F for asphalt emulsion].

1.1.1.2 Aggregate

NOTE: When f or seal i s bei ng speci f i ed del et e r ef er ence t o aggr egat es.

The amount of aggregate to be paid for will be measured in [ metric tons tons ] [cubic meters yards ] of dry aggregate. Measure materials [using approved weigh scales] [by determining the volume capacity of each vehicle delivering the material to the site of the work or stockpiles].

1.1.2 Payment

SECTION 32 12 36.13 Page 4

NOTE: Del et e t hi s par agr aph when l ump sum bi ddi ng i s used.

The quantities of aggregate and bituminous material, determined as specified above, will be paid for at the respective contract unit prices.

Payment will constitute full compensation for all operations necessary to complete the work as specified herein.

1.1.3 Waybills and Delivery Tickets

NOTE: Del et e t hi s par agr aph when l ump sum bi ddi ng i s used.

Do not remove bituminous material from the tank car or storage tank until measurements of the remaining quantity have been taken. Submit waybills and delivery tickets during the progress of the work. Before the final statement is allowed, file certified waybills and delivery tickets for all materials used in the work covered by this section.

1.2 REFERENCES

NOTE: Thi s par agr aph i s used t o l i s t t he publ i cat i ons c i t ed i n t he t ext of t he gui de speci f i cat i on. The publ i cat i ons ar e r ef er r ed t o i n t he t ext by basi c desi gnat i on onl y and l i s t ed i n t hi s par agr aph by or gani zat i on, desi gnat i on, dat e, and t i t l e.

Use t he Ref er ence Wi zar d' s Check Ref er ence f eat ur e when you add a Ref er ence I dent i f i er ( RI D) out si de of t he Sect i on' s Ref er ence Ar t i c l e t o aut omat i cal l y pl ace t he r ef er ence i n t he Ref er ence Ar t i c l e. Al so use t he Ref er ence Wi zar d' s Check Ref er ence f eat ur e t o updat e t he i ssue dat es.

Ref er ences not used i n t he t ext wi l l aut omat i cal l y be del et ed f r om t hi s sect i on of t he pr oj ect speci f i cat i on when you choose t o r econci l e r ef er ences i n t he publ i sh pr i nt pr ocess.

When f og seal i s bei ng speci f i ed del et e r ef er ence f or aggr egat es.

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to within the text by the basic designation only.

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE HIGHWAY AND TRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS

(AASHTO)

AASHTO M 81 (1992; R 2017) Standard Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Rapid-Curing Type)

AASHTO M 82 (2017) Standard Specification for Cutback

SECTION 32 12 36.13 Page 5

Asphalt (Medium-Curing Type)

AASHTO M 226 (1980; R 2017) Standard Specification for Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Cement

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

ASTM C29/C29M (2017a) Standard Test Method for Bulk Density ("Unit Weight") and Voids in Aggregate

ASTM C131/C131M (2020) Standard Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine

ASTM C136/C136M (2019) Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates

ASTM C142/C142M (2017) Standard Test Method for Clay Lumps and Friable Particles in Aggregates

ASTM D75/D75M (2019) Standard Practice for Sampling Aggregates

ASTM D140/D140M (2016) Standard Practice for Sampling Asphalt Materials

ASTM D946/D946M (2020) Standard Specification for Penetration-Graded Asphalt Cement for Use in Pavement Construction

ASTM D977 (2019a; E 2019) Standard Specification for Emulsified Asphalt

ASTM D1250 (2019; E 2020) Standard Guide for Use of the Joint API and ASTM Adjunct for Temperature and Pressure Volume Correction Factors for Generalized Crude Oils, Refined Products, and Lubricating Oils:

API MPMS Chapter 11.1

ASTM D2027/D2027M (2019) Cutback Asphalt (Medium-Curing Type)

ASTM D2028/D2028M (2015) Cutback Asphalt (Rapid-Curing Type)

ASTM D2397/D2397M (2019a) Standard Specification for Cationic Emulsified Asphalt

ASTM D2995 (1999; R 2009) Determining Application Rate of Bituminous Distributors

ASTM D3381/D3381M (2018) Standard Specification for Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Binder for Use in Pavement Construction

ASTM D3625/D3625M (2012) Standard Practice for Effect of Water on Bituminous-Coated Aggregate Using Boiling Water

SECTION 32 12 36.13 Page 6

ASTM D4791 (2019) Flat Particles, Elongated Particles, or Flat and Elongated Particles in Coarse Aggregate

U.S. FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION (FHWA)

MUTCD (2009; Rev 2012) Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices

1.3 SUBMITTALS

NOTE: Revi ew submi t t al descr i pt i on ( SD) def i ni t i ons i n Sect i on 01 33 00 SUBMI TTAL PROCEDURES and edi t t he f ol l owi ng l i s t , and cor r espondi ng submi t t al i t ems i n t he t ext , t o r ef l ect onl y t he submi t t al s r equi r ed f or t he pr oj ect . The Gui de Speci f i cat i on t echni cal edi t or s have cl assi f i ed t hose i t ems t hat r equi r e Gover nment appr oval , due t o t hei r compl exi t y or cr i t i cal i t y, wi t h a " G. " Gener al l y, ot her submi t t al i t ems can be r evi ewed by t he Cont r act or ' s Qual i t y Cont r ol Syst em. Onl y add a “ G” t o an i t em, i f t he submi t t al i s suf f i c i ent l y i mpor t ant or compl ex i n cont ext of t he pr oj ect .

For Ar my pr oj ect s, f i l l i n t he empt y br acket s f ol l owi ng t he " G" c l assi f i cat i on, wi t h a code of up t o t hr ee char act er s t o i ndi cat e t he appr ovi ng aut hor i t y. Codes f or Ar my pr oj ect s usi ng t he Resi dent Management Syst em ( RMS) ar e: " AE" f or Ar chi t ect - Engi neer ; " DO" f or Di st r i ct Of f i ce ( Engi neer i ng Di v i s i on or ot her or gani zat i on i n t he Di st r i ct Of f i ce) ; " AO" f or Ar ea Of f i ce; " RO" f or Resi dent Of f i ce; and " PO" f or Pr oj ect Of f i ce. Codes f ol l owi ng t he " G" t ypi cal l y ar e not used f or Navy, Ai r For ce, and NASA pr oj ect s.

The " S" c l assi f i cat i on i ndi cat es submi t t al s r equi r ed as pr oof of compl i ance f or sust ai nabi l i t y Gui di ng Pr i nci pl es Val i dat i on or Thi r d Par t y Cer t i f i cat i on and as descr i bed i n Sect i on 01 33 00 SUBMI TTAL

PROCEDURES.

Choose t he f i r st br acket ed i t em f or Navy, Ai r For ce and NASA pr oj ect s, or choose t he second br acket ed i t em f or Ar my pr oj ect s.

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" or "S" classification. Submittals not having a "G" or "S" classification are [for Contractor Quality Control approval.][for information only. When used, a code following the "G" classification identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government.] Submit the following in accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

SD-03 Product Data

Waybills and Delivery Tickets

SECTION 32 12 36.13 Page 7

Equipment List

Inspection Reports

SD-04 Samples

Bituminous Materials

Aggregates

Fog Seal ; G[, [_____]]

SD-06 Test Reports

Tests

1.4 EQUIPMENT, TOOLS, AND MACHINES

NOTE: Ret ai n equi pment uni t s r equi r ed f or t he pr oj ect and del et e al l ot her s.

Equipment, plant and tools used in the work are subject to approval.

Maintain in a satisfactory working condition at all times. Provide equipment which is adequate and has the capability of producing the results specified. Provide calibrated equipment, such as asphalt distributors, scales, batching equipment, spreaders and similar equipment, that has been calibrated by an approved calibration laboratory within [12] [_____] months prior to commencing work [and every [_____] months thereafter, by such laboratory from the date of recalibration, during the term of the contract]. Submit an equipment list with calibration reports.

1.4.1 Bituminous Distributors

Provide distributors that have pneumatic tires of sufficient size and number to prevent rutting, shoving, or otherwise damaging any part of the pavement structure. Use distributors that distribute the bituminous material in a uniform double or triple lap at the specified temperature, at readily determined and controlled rates from 0.23 to 9.05 L/square meter

0.05 to 2.0 gallons/square yard , with a pressure range of 172.4 to 517.1 kPa 25 to 75 psi with an allowable variation from the specified rate of not more than plus or minus 5 percent, and at variable widths. Include in the distributor equipment a separate power unit for the bitumen pump, full-circulation spray bars, tachometer, pressure gauges, volume-measuring devices, adequate heaters for heating of materials to the proper application temperature, a thermometer for reading the temperature of tank contents, and a hand-held hose attachment suitable for applying bituminous material manually to areas inaccessible to the distributor. Equip the distributor to circulate and agitate the bituminous material during the heating process. Provide distributor with a horizontally and vertically adjustable spray nozzle bar. Make normal width of bar application at least

3.7 m 12 feet , with provisions for lesser or larger width when necessary. Equip distributor with a meter having a dial registering meters of travel/sec feet of travel/min and a meter that registers the application rate in liters/square meter gallons/square yard . Make both dials visible to the distributor driver. Provide a thermometer and well, not in contact with any heating tubes, for accurately indicating

SECTION 32 12 36.13 Page 8 temperature of asphalt emulsion.

1.4.2 Aggregate Spreader

NOTE: Del et e t hi s par agr aph when f og seal i s bei ng specified.

Use aggregate-spreading equipment that is adjustable and capable of uniformly spreading aggregate at the specified rate in a single-pass operation over the surface to be sealed.

1.4.3 Pneumatic-Tired Roller

NOTE: Del et e t hi s par agr aph when f og seal i s bei ng specified.

Provide a pneumatic-tired roller of sufficient size to seat the cover aggregate into the bituminous material without fracturing the aggregate particles. Use rollers that have a total compacting width of not less than

1.52 m 5 feet and a tire pressure of at least 350 Kpa 50 psi . Use rollers that weigh at least 8,182 Kg 18,000 pounds .

1.4.4 Power Brooms and Power Blowers

Provide power brooms and power blowers suitable for cleaning surfaces to [be treated] [which the seal coat is to be applied].

1.4.5 Scales

NOTE: Del et e t hi s par agr aph when l ump sum bi ddi ng i s used or when f og seal i s bei ng speci f i ed.

Use scales of sufficient size and capacity to accommodate all trucks hauling aggregates in the job. Use scales that have been tested and approved by an inspector of the state inspection bureau charged with scales inspection within the State in which the project is located. If an official of the inspection bureau is not available, test the scales in accordance with the State specifications in the presence of the Contracting Officer. Keep the necessary number of standard weights on hand at all times for testing the scales.

1.4.6 Weighhouse

NOTE: Del et e t hi s par agr aph when l ump sum bi ddi ng i s used and when f og seal i s bei ng speci f i ed.

Provide a weatherproof weighhouse, constructed in a manner that will afford adequate protection for the recording devices on the scales, of a suitable size with one sliding window facing the scales platform, one end window, and a desk-type area at least 600 mm 2 feet wide by 1.8 m 6 feet long.

SECTION 32 12 36.13 Page 9

1.4.7 Storage Tanks

Provide tanks capable of heating the bituminous material, under effective and positive control at all times, to the required temperature.

Accomplish heating by steam coils, hot oil, or electricity. Affix to the tank an armored thermometer with a range from 37.8 to 148.9 degrees C 100 to 300 degrees F so that the temperature of the bituminous material may be read at all times.

1.4.8 Single-Pass, Surface-Treatment Machines

NOTE: Del et e t hi s par agr aph when f og seal i s bi ng specified.

Provide machines capable of spraying bituminous material and spreading aggregate in one pass; of distributing the bituminous material uniformly, at even heat, and in controlled amounts; and immediately spreading aggregates uniformly, in controlled amounts, over the surface to be sealed.

1.4.9 Vacuum Sweepers

Provide self-propelled, vacuum pickup sweeper capable of removing loose sand, water, and debris from pavement surface.

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

NOTE: Keep appl i cabl e t est s and del et e t he ot her s dependi ng on whet her t hi s Sect i on i s used f or Seal or Fog Coat .

Perform sampling and testing using an approved commercial testing laboratory or facilities furnished by the Contractor. No work requiring testing will be permitted until the facilities have been inspected and approved. The first inspection will be at the expense of the Government.

Costs incurred for any subsequent inspection will be charged to the Contractor. Perform tests in sufficient numbers, and at the location and times directed, to ensure that the materials meet specified requirements.

1.5.1 Samples

Take aggregate samples for laboratory tests in accordance with ASTM D75/D75M. Take samples of bituminous material in accordance with

ASTM D140/D140M.

1.5.2 Aggregates Source

Select sources from which aggregates are to be obtained and notify the Contracting Officer within 15 days after the award of the Contract.

Submit a 23 kg 50 pound sample of each aggregate to be used. Perform tests for the evaluation of aggregates by using an approved commercial laboratory at no expense to the Government. Tests for determining the suitability of aggregate include, but are not limited to: gradation in accordance with ASTM C136/C136M, abrasion resistance in accordance with ASTM C131/C131M, clay lumps and friable particles in accordance with

SECTION 32 12 36.13 Page 10

ASTM C142/C142M, unit weight and voids in accordance with ASTM C29/C29M, and flat and elongated particles in accordance with ASTM D4791.

1.5.3 Bituminous Material Source

Select sources from which bituminous materials are to be obtained and notify the Contracting Officer within 15 days after the award of the contract. From each source of supply, submit a 4 L one gallon sample of bituminous material.

1.5.4 Equipment Calibration

Furnish all equipment, materials and labor necessary to calibrate the bituminous distributor and the aggregate spreader. Perform all calibrations with the approved job materials and prior to applying the specified coatings to the prepared surface. Perform calibration of the bituminous distributor in accordance with ASTM D2995. Inspect all equipment prior to start of work and at regular intervals as needed during work.

1.6 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

Deliver asphalt materials to the site in a homogenous and undamaged condition. Inspect the materials for contamination and damage. Unload and store the materials with a minimum of handling. Protect stored aggregate from contamination and segregation. Replace defective or damaged materials.

1.7 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

NOTE: Ret ai n cor r ect t emper at ur es dependi ng on t he t ype of coat i ng used f or t he pr oj ect .

Apply the coating when the existing surface is dry, and when the weather is not foggy, rainy, or when the wind velocity will prevent the uniform application of the bitumen or aggregates. [Apply the bituminous seal coat only when the atmospheric temperature is above 15.5 degrees C 60 degrees F in the shade and when the pavement surface temperature is above 15.5 degrees C 60 degrees F , unless otherwise directed.] [Apply fog seal when atmospheric temperature is above 10 degrees C 50 degrees F and rising or when pavement temperature is above 15.5 degrees C 60 degrees F , unless otherwise directed.]

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 BITUMINOUS MATERIAL FOR SEAL COAT

NOTE: One t ype of bi t umi nous mat er i al wi l l be r et ai ned. Al l ot her mat er i al s and r ef er ences wi l l be del et ed.

Cut back asphal t gr ades MC- or RC- 800, and MC- or RC- 250, i n or der of pr ef er ence, ar e r ecommended f or most nor mal seal coat appl i cat i ons wher e a r api d- set t i ng bi nder pr ovi di ng maxi mum " hol d" of cover aggr egat e i s desi r ed. Wher e cool er

SECTION 32 12 36.13 Page 11 t emper at ur es ar e ant i c i pat ed, pr ef er ence shoul d be gi ven t o t he use of MC- or RC- 3000 i n ver y war m cl i mat es when wor k wi l l be per f or med dur i ng per i ods of hi gh ambi ent t emper at ur e. I n most ar eas cut back asphal t s ar e no l onger used f or seal coat appl i cat i ons. Emul si f i ed asphal t s ar e t ypi cal l y used.

Emul si f i ed asphal t gr ades RS- 1, RS- 2, CRS- 1, and CRS- 2 ar e sui t abl e f or seal coat appl i cat i ons.

Emul si ons ar e bet t er sui t ed t o coat aggr egat e when t he aggr egat e moi st ur e cont ent i s over 1 per cent but l ess t han 3 per cent . The f ol l owi ng consi der at i ons shoul d be i ncl uded i n t he eval uat i on of al t er nat e gr ades t o be speci f i ed f or t he pr oj ect :

a. Local pr act i ce and exper i ence, as wel l as avai l abi l i t y and cost of var i ous gr ades wi t hi n t he area.

b. The r api d- set t i ng emul si ons, par t i cul ar l y t he cat i oni c t ypes, ar e ef f ect i ve when damp aggr egat es must be used.

c. Wher e cool er t emper at ur es ar e ant i c i pat ed, consi der t he use of CRS- 1 and CRS- 2 gr ades.

d. Ani oni c emul si ons pr ovi de bet t er adhesi on t o basi c aggr egat es such as l i mest one, whi l e cat i oni c emul si ons ar e bet t er wi t h aci di c aggr egat es such as silicates.

Asphal t cement penet r at i on gr ades 120- 150 and 200- 300, i n or der of pr ef er ence, ar e sui t abl e f or most nor mal seal coat appl i cat i ons. Wher e cool er t emper at ur es ar e ant i c i pat ed, pr ef er ence shoul d be gi ven t o t he use of 200- 300 gr ade. However , t he use of asphal t cement wi l l r equi r e t hat aggr egat es be qui ckl y appl i ed bef or e t he asphal t cement has t i me t o cool . Thi s can be di f f i cul t .

Use bituminous material conforming to [ AASHTO M 81] [ AASHTO M 82] [ AASHTO M 226] or [ ASTM D946/D946M] [ ASTM D977] [ ASTM D2027/D2027M ] [ ASTM D2028/D2028M ] [ ASTM D2397/D2397M ] [ ASTM D3381/D3381M ], [grade [_____]] [penetration grade [_____]].

2.2 AGGREGATE FOR SEAL COAT

NOTE: The aggr egat e gr adat i on t o be used wi l l be r et ai ned i n Tabl e I and t he r emai ni ng gr adat i ons del et ed. Speci f y a maxi mum moi st ur e cont ent of 3 per cent when asphal t emul si on i s used and 1 per cent when ot her asphal t t ypes ar e used.

Use aggregate consisting of crushed stone, crushed gravel, crushed slag, SECTION 32 12 36.13 Page 12 sand and screenings. Use aggregate with a moisture content [of not greater than [1] [3] percent] [such that the aggregate will readily bond with the bituminous material]. Drying may be required, as directed. Use aggregate conforming to the gradation shown in TABLE I. Allowable aggregate gradation tolerances are given in TABLE II.

TABLE I. AGGREGATE GRADATIONS

(Percent by Weight Passing Square-Mesh Sieves)

Sieve Size Gradation No. 1 Gradation No. 2 Gradation No. 3

12.5 mm 1/2 inch 100 --- ---

9.5 mm 3/8 in 85-100 100 ---

4.75 mm No. 4 10-30 85-100 100

2.36 mm No. 8 0-10 10-40 10-40

1.18 mm No. 16 0-5 0-10 0-10

0.30 mm No. 50 --- 0-5 0-5

TABLE II. AGGREGATE GRADATION TOLERANCES

Material Tolerances

Aggregate passing the 9.5 mm 3/8 inch sieve and larger sieves

Plus or minus 5 percent

Aggregate passing the 4.75 mm No. 4 and smaller sieves

Plus or minus 3 percent

2.2.1 Coarse Aggregate

Use coarse aggregate consisting of clean, sound, durable particles meeting the following requirements.

2.2.1.1 Film Retention

Use aggregate that exhibits not less than 95 percent retention of bituminous film( ASTM D3625/D3625M .

2.2.1.2 Particle Shapes

Use aggregate that has no more than 20 percent by weight of flat and elongated particles on any sieve when determined in accordance with ASTM D4791. A flat particle is one having a ratio of width to thickness greater than 3; an elongated particle is one having a ratio of length to width greater than 3.

2.2.1.3 Weight Loss

Use aggregate with a percent weight loss not exceeding 40 after 500 revolutions, as determined in accordance with ASTM C131/C131M.

SECTION 32 12 36.13 Page 13

2.2.1.4 Friable Particles

Use aggregate with no more than 0.1 percent of the total weight of aggregate sample consisting of friable particles when tested in accordance with ASTM C142/C142M.

2.2.1.5 Crushed Slag

Use crushed slag aggregate with a dry weight not less than 1200 kg/cubic meter 75 pcf , as determined in accordance with ASTM C29/C29M.

2.2.1.6 Crushed Aggregate

Crushed aggregate retained on the 4.75 mm No. 4 sieve and each coarser sieve must contain at least 75 percent by weight of crushed pieces having one or more fractured faces with the area of each face equal to at least 75 percent of the smaller midsectional area of the aggregate particle.

When two fractures are contiguous, the angle between the planes of fractures must be at least 30 degrees to count as two fractured faces.

2.2.2 Fine Aggregate

Use fine aggregate consisting of clean, sound, durable particles of crushed stone, slag, or crushed gravel. Use aggregate that meet the requirements for stripping, abrasion resistance and percent friable particles as specified for coarse aggregate.

2.3 EMULSIFIED ASPHALT FOR FOG SEAL

NOTE: I n a maj or i t y of appl i cat i ons, t he cat i oni c ( CSS- 1h) i s pr ef er abl e t o t he ani oni c ( SS- 1h) f or use as f og seal . Cat i oni c emul si on wi l l cur e at a f ast er r at e t han ani oni c and i s mor e sui t abl e wher e hi gh humi di t y pr evai l s.

Use emulsified asphalt for Fog Seal conforming to ASTM D977, [SS-1] [SS-1h] [_____] for anionic and ASTM D2397/D2397M [CSS-1] [CSS-1h] [_____] for cationic materials.

2.4 WATER

Provide fresh, clean, and potable water.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION OF SURFACE

NOTE: I f t he sur f ace t o be t r eat ed r equi r es r epai r s, t he met hod of r epai r s and ext ent of wor k i nvol ved shoul d be shown or descr i bed.

Removal of pai nt and r ubber deposi t s ar e gener al l y accompl i shed by hi gh pr essur e wat er bl ast i ng but car e must be used t o ensur e t hat t he wat er pr essur e does not s i gni f i cant l y damage t he asphal t pavement sur f ace. Few appr oved chemi cal s ar e ef f ect i ve and

SECTION 32 12 36.13 Page 14 sandbl ast i ng i s not per mi t t ed by ai r pol l ut i on r egul at i ons at some l ocat i ons. Mechani cal abr asi on gener al l y causes damage t o t he pavement .

Br acket ed sent ence at t he end of t hi s par agr aph appl i es t o Fog Seal ; r emove when not used i n t he project.

Repair damaged surface and fill cracks before starting work. Immediately before starting work, remove all loose material, dirt, clay, or other objectionable material from the surface to be treated with power brooms or power blowers, if needed. Paint firmly bonded to the surface may remain.

Do not mix material removed from the surface with the cover aggregate.[ When necessary to achieve a clean surface for fog application, flushing with water will be permitted.]

3.2 SEAL COAT APPLICATION

3.2.1 Rate

Spread the bituminous material in the quantities shown in TABLE III. The exact quantities within the range specified, which may be varied to suit field conditions, will be determined by the Contractor and approved by the Contracting Officer prior to use. The bituminous quantities may have to be increased when the pavement has rough surface texture and may have to be decreased when the pavement surface is very tight.

TABLE III. APPLICATION OF MATERIAL

(Quantities Per Square Meter)

Gradation No. Bitumen, liters gallons Aggregate, kg pounds

1 0.60-0.90 0.15-0.20 8-10 15-20

2 0.45-0.60 0.10-0.15 5-8 10-15

3 0.45-0.60 0.10-0.15 5-8 10-15

3.2.2 Temperature

Apply asphalt at a temperature that will provide an application viscosity between 10 and 60 seconds, Saybolt Furol, or between 20 and 120 square mm/sec 20 and 120 centistokes , kinematic. Furnish the temperature/viscosity relationship to the Contracting Officer.

3.2.3 Application of Bituminous Material

Following the preparation and inspection of the pavement surface, apply the seal coat material at the specified application rates. Uniformly apply the bituminous material in a single pass of the distributor and with either a double or triple lap spray over the surface to be sealed. Spread building paper on the surface for a sufficient distance back from the ends of each application so that flow through the spray bar may be started and stopped on the paper and so that all sprays will be operating at the proper pressure on the surface to be sealed. Immediately after the bituminous material application, remove the building paper. Apply bituminous material to all areas missed with the distributor. No smoking, SECTION 32 12 36.13 Page 15 fires, or flames, other than the heaters that are a part of the equipment, will be permitted within 8 meters 25 feet of heating, distributing, and transferring operations of bituminous material other than bituminous emulsions.

3.2.4 Aggregate Application Rate

Spread the aggregate in the quantities shown in TABLE III. The exact quantities within the range specified, which may be varied to suit field conditions, will be determined by the Contractor, and approved by the Contracting Officer prior to use. The aggregate weights shown in this table are those of aggregate having a specific gravity of 2.65. If the specific gravity of the aggregate to be used is less than 2.55 or greater than 2.75, make adjustments in the number of kilograms pounds of aggregate required per square meter yard to insure a constant volume of aggregate per square meter yard of treatment.

3.2.5 Application of Aggregate

NOTE: When usi ng cut back asphal t , t he asphal t cool s t o t he t emper at ur e of t he sur f ace t o whi ch i t i s appl i ed i n appr oxi mat el y 1 1/ 2 mi nut es. I n t he case of emul si f i ed asphal t , br eaki ng of t he emul si on occur s i n 3 t o 4 mi nut es. No bi t umi nous mat er i al shoul d be down mor e t han t he f ol l owi ng number of mi nut es bef or e i t i s cover ed wi t h aggr egat e:

Cut back Asphal t 1 t o 1- 1/ 2 mi nut es

Emul si f i ed Asphal t 3 t o 4 mi nut es

Asphal t Cement 1 mi nut e

Spread the specified quantity of cover aggregate uniformly over the bituminous material. Provide sufficient aggregate on trucks at the work site to cover the distributor load of bituminous material before the bituminous material is applied. No bituminous material may be down more than [3 to 4] [_____] minutes before it is covered with aggregate.

Uniformly spread aggregate with aggregate-spreading equipment. Lightly recover areas having insufficient cover with additional aggregate by hand during the operations whenever necessary.

3.2.6 Rolling and Brooming

Begin rolling operations immediately following the application of cover aggregate. Perform rolling using pneumatic-tired rollers. Operate the rollers at a speed that will not displace the aggregate. Continue rolling until the aggregate is uniformly distributed and keyed into the bituminous material. Sweep off the surface and remove all surplus aggregate not less than 24 hours nor more than 4 days after rolling is completed.

Immediately prior to opening to traffic, roll the entire treated area with a self-propelled pneumatic-tired roller.

SECTION 32 12 36.13 Page 16

3.3 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL - SEAL COAT

3.3.1 Tests

Perform field tests in sufficient numbers to assure that the specifications are being met. Submit copies of the test results, within 24 hours of the completion of the test. Submit certified copies of the aggregate test results, not less than [30] [_____] days before the material is required in the work and certified copies of the bituminous materials test reports indicating compliance with applicable specified requirements, not less than [30] [_____] days before the material is required in the work. Provide a copy of the calibration test results before the bituminous distributor and aggregate spreader are used on the job. Testing is the responsibility of the Contractor. Perform test using an approved commercial laboratory. The following number of tests, if performed at the appropriate time, will be the minimum acceptable for each type of operation.

3.3.1.1 Gradation

Perform gradation tests in accordance with ASTM C136/C136M. Perform a minimum of three gradations for each day's run. Repeat the gradation test when the source of materials is changed. When deficiencies are found, retest the material already placed to determine the extent of the unacceptable material. Replace all in-place unacceptable material at no additional expense to the Government.

3.3.1.2 Abrasion Resistance

Perform abrasion resistance tests in accordance with ASTM C131/C131M.

Perform one test prior to start of work. If sources of aggregate are changed, conduct an abrasion resistance test prior to using another source.

3.3.1.3 Stripping

Perform stripping test on aggregate from each source, in accordance with ASTM D3625/D3625M , prior to incorporation into the work and when the source is changed.

3.3.2 Bituminous Material Sample

Obtain a sample of the bituminous material used under the supervision of the Contracting Officer. The sample will be retained by the Government.

3.4 TRIAL APPLICATION - SEAL COAT

Prior to applying the seal coat, place a test section at least 30 meters 100 feet long by 6 meters 20 feet wide using the approved job materials and roll them in accordance with the specified requirements. Perform tests to determine the application rates of the bitumen and aggregate. If the tests indicate that the seal coat test section does not conform to the specification requirements, make necessary adjustments to the application equipment and to the spreading and rolling procedures, and construct additional test sections for conformance to the specifications. Where test sections do not conform to specification requirements, remove seal coat at no expense to the Government; no separate payment will be made for seal coat materials and labor, either in placement or removal of any test section. Perform quality control sampling and testing during construction as required in paragraph FIELD QUALITY CONTROL above.

SECTION 32 12 36.13 Page 17

3.5 FOG SEAL APPLICATION

3.5.1 Sample Application

NOTE: I n some l ocal i t i es an i ncompat i bi l i t y may exi st bet ween t he asphal t i c emul si on and t he wat er t o be used f or di l ut i on due t o t hei r char act er i st i cs. Cl ear , pot abl e wat er shoul d be used, and i f t her e i s any doubt wi t h t he compat i bi l i t y of t he wat er and t he asphal t emul si on, add t he f ol l owi ng t o t hi s par agr aph: Pr i or t o commenci ng wor k, combi ne 0. 24 l i t er one hal f pi nt of t he pr oposed asphal t emul si on and 0. 24 l i t er one hal f pi nt of t he pr oposed wat er , agi t at e, and al l ow t o s i t f or a per i od of 24 hour s t o t est t hei r compat i bi l i t y . I f t hey pr ove t o be i ncompat i bl e, pr ovi de an appr oved chemi cal t r eat ment f or al l wat er used f or di l ut i on or a di f f er ent and compat i bl e sour ce of wat er .

Determine the required application rate from a sample installation.

Select an area of the prepared pavement at least 90 m 300 feet long and as wide as the distributor spray bar. Dilute emulsified asphalt with an equal part of water or as agreed to by the Contracting Officer. Apply the water diluted asphalt emulsion in at least three test sections; each a minimum of 30 m 100 feet long . Make trial applications at residual rates of 0.36, 0.63 , and 0.90 L/square meter 0.08, 0.14, and 0.20 gallons/square yard . The trial application rates may be modified if approved by the Contracting Officer. Additional trial applications may be made if warranted by pavement surface conditions. Use the rate which has been satisfactorily applied without leaving an excess of asphalt residue on the surface and has been approved, for the fog seal.

3.5.2 Application Inspection

Inspect application of fog seal for uniformity. During application, take one sample for each 400 square meters 500 square yards of surface area to receive emulsified asphalt. Weigh samples to determine conformance with application rate.

3.5.3 Inspection Reports

Furnish a written report citing climatic temperature during application of fog seal, emulsion temperature during application, rate of emulsion application, and any significant observations.

3.5.4 Application

Following preparation of the surface, apply the water diluted asphalt emulsion at the rate determined from the trial application. Maintain application temperature of emulsified asphalt between 24 and 71 degrees C 75 and 160 degrees F . To obtain uniform application of the fog seal at the junction of previous and subsequent applications, spread building paper on the surface of the applied material for a sufficient distance back from the ends of each application so that flow from the spray bar may be started and stopped on the paper, and so that all sprayers will operate

SECTION 32 12 36.13 Page 18 at full force. Immediately after application, remove and properly dispose of the building paper. Treat spots unavoidably missed with the hand spray equipment. Base bids on application of diluted emulsion at 0.63 L/square meter 0.14 gsy . If the actual amount required is more or less than 0.63 L/square meter 0.14 gsy , an adjustment in the contract price will be made as provided by the contract.

3.6 SITE PROTECTION

During applications, protect adjacent buildings, structures, vehicles, manhole covers, inlet grates, and trees to prevent being spattered or marred.

3.7 TRAFFIC CONTROL

Protect freshly placed coatings from damage by traffic. Provide sufficient warning signs and barricades to prevent traffic over freshly treated surfaces. Protect treated areas from traffic for at least 24 hours after final application of coatings, or for such time as necessary to prevent picking up. Provide warning signs and barricades for proper traffic control, in accordance with MUTCD.

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SECTION 32 12 36.13 Page 19