Bridge_Inspection_Rpt_STR_5140-141P.pdf

TUNNEL INSPECTION REPORT

TANBARK RIDGE TUNNEL

BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY THROUGH TANBARK RIDGE MOUNTAIN

BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY

NP

STRUCTURE NO. 5140-141P

INSPECTION TYPE: ROUTINE

INSPECTION DATE: 6/9/15

Report prepared by: SP

MILE POINT: 374.24

Federal Highway Administration KILOMETER POINT: 602.26 Federal Lands Bridge Office Bridge Inspection and Management Program 21400 Ridgetop Circle Sterling, Virginia 20166 https://bridge.flhd.fhwa.dot.gov

STRUCTURE SUMMARY STRUCTURE NO. 5140-141P

TANBARK RIDGE TUNNEL INSPECTION DATE: 6/9/15

TUNNEL IDENTIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION

LINING MATERIAL: ............... UNLINED / CONCRETE MINIMUM VERTICAL CLR: .... 14.5 FT (4.4 M)

SPRINGLINE LENGTH: ........ 30.2 FT (9.2 M) STRUCT. TOTAL LENGTH: ... 843.0 FT (256.9 M)

CURB TO CURB WIDTH: ..... 30.2 FT (9.2 M) YEAR BUILT:

PROJ./PLAN REF. NO: ......... 2P5,2P8,2M17 / YEAR RECONSTRUCTED:

NPS ROAD CLASS: .............. 1 - PRINCIPAL PARK ROAD

STRUCTURE HISTORY: ...... 1961-TUNNEL LININGS AND PORTALS; 1990-MAJOR RECONSTRUCTION/SUPERSTRUCTURE, ROCKBOLTS AND SCREENING.

LOCATION

BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY MILE POINT: ..................... 374.24 (KM PT 602.26)

STATE: .................................. NORTH CAROLINA LOCATION: 19.1 MILES TO NC ROUTE 128

FACILITY CARRIED: ............. BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY

FEATURE INTERSECTED: ... TANBARK RIDGE MOUNTAIN

STRUCTURE EVALUATION SUMMARY

This tunnel has a concrete lining at each end, and an unlined (rock) portion in between that has been stabilized with rockbolts and fitted with protective metal screening.

The tunnel is currently in poor condition overall. Problems include severe deterioration of the concrete lining at the south end, with heavy spalling that has exposed the steel reinforcement and voids behind the lining in some locations;

moderate deterioration of the concrete lining at the north end; and areas of potentially loose rock behind the screening in the unlined portion.

The tunnel continues to exhibit heavy water leakage through the deteriorated concrete linings. This leakage leads to large quantities of ice forming on the surface of the roadway in freezing temperatures, creating very hazardous driving conditions.

Other problems include missing and damaged reflectors inside the tunnel.

Corrective action should be taken as outlined in this report to prevent the possible development of more serious or costly problems in the future.

INSPECTION TEAM: C. CASTRO, R. SILVESTRY

CONDITION ASSESSMENT:

CARLOS CASTRO, P.E., FIELD TEAM LEADER 571-434-1546

REPORT REVIEW:

MARCUS MILLER, P.E., SENIOR INSPECTION ENGINEER 703-404-6252

REPORT APPROVAL: DATE: 12/31/15

JORGOMAI CEESAY, PH.D., P.E., BIP SUPERVISORY ENGINEER 703-404-6244

RECOMMENDATIONS AND ESTIMATED COSTS STRUCTURE NO. 5140-141P

A (Critical) - Structure is closed, in imminent danger of collapse, or presents a critical safety hazard.

B (Major) - Structure is seriously deficient or presents a safety hazard, but can remain in service at reduced loads or with frequent inspections.

C (Moderate) - Structure is deficient, functionally obsolete, or requires substantial repairs to prevent a serious deficiency or unsafe condition.

D (Minor) - Structure is generally in good condition. Preventative maintenance may be required.

E (Special) - Structure is under construction or reconstruction.

B226 PRIORITY OF IMPROVEMENT

ITEM

NO.

MAINTENANCE RECOMMENDATIONS

(GENERALLY NOT FLHP ELIGIBLE)

QTY. UNIT COST

UNIT

ESTIMATE

COST

PRELIM.

59.8, 222.7 REPLACE MISSING AND DAMAGED REFLECTORS. RESET MISALIGNED

REFLECTORS AS NECESSARY.

1 LS $5,000 $5,000

PRELIM. MAINTENANCE TOTAL : $5,000

ITEM

NO.

REHABILITATION/RECONSTRUCTION

(TYPICALLY NEEDED WITHIN 5 YEARS) QTY. UNIT UNIT

COST ESTIMATES

PRELIM. COST

REHAB. RECONSTR.

59.1,4 REHABILITATE SOUTH LINING. REPLACE DRAIN CHASE IN SOUTH

LINING APPROXIMATELY 540' FROM NORTH PORTAL.

1 LS $300,000 $350,000 $0

59.1 SCALE/REMOVE LOOSE ROCK FROM UNLINED SECTION

APPROXIMATELY 283' AND 302' FROM NORTH PORTAL.

1 LS $10,000 $10,000 $0

59.1 CLEAN EXPOSED REBAR ON NORTH LINING. SEAL REBAR WITH

APPROVED PROTECTIVE COATING

1 LS $5,000 $5,000 $0

59 CONTRACT COSTS FOR MOBILIZATION, TRAFFIC CONTROL, AND

DESIGN/CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING.

1 LS $260,000 $260,000 $0

PRELIM. REHABILITATION/RECONSTRUCTION TOTAL : $625,000 $0

COST ESTIMATE SUMMARY

PRELIM. MAINTENANCE TOTAL:

PRELIM. REHABILITATION TOTAL:

PRELIM. RECONSTRUCTION TOTAL: ...

TOTAL ITEMIZED COSTS:

$0 $625,000 $5,000

$630,000

PRELIMINARY ESTIMATE TOTAL* :

(*Includes typical contract costs for mobilization, traffic control, and design/construction engineering; but does not include detour bridges, work beyond the bridge limits, or work not listed above. Estimates are approximate and are for preliminary planning purposes only; they should not be used as a complete or final engineers estimate.)

$630,000

REMARKS: Cost estimates assume that recommended actions will be combined with similar work being performed on other structures.

FIELD INSPECTION REPORT STRUCTURE NO. 5140-141P

CONDITION RATING CODES FOR ITEMS 58 - 62, 222, 223

N

NOT APPLICABLE

EXCELLENT CONDITION

VERY GOOD CONDITION - no problems noted.

GOOD CONDITION - some minor problems.

SATISFACTORY CONDITION - structural elements show some minor deterioration.

FAIR CONDITION - all primary structural elements are sound but may have minor section loss, cracking, spalling, or scour.

POOR CONDITION - advanced section loss, deterioration, spalling, or scour.

SERIOUS CONDITION - loss of section, deterioration, spalling, or scour have seriously affected primary structural components. Local failures are possible.

Fatigue cracks in steel or shear cracks in concrete may be present.

CRITICAL CONDITION - advanced deterioration of primary structural elements. Fatigue cracks in steel or shear cracks in concrete may be present or scour may have removed substructure support. Unless closely monitored it may be necessary to close the structure until corrective action can be taken.

“IMMINENT” FAILURE CONDITION - major deterioration or section loss present in critical structural components or obvious vertical or horizontal movement affecting structure stability. Structure is closed to traffic but corrective action may return structure to light service.

FAILED CONDITION - out of service; beyond corrective action.

CONDITION RATING CODE EQUIVALENTS FOR SUB-ELEMENTS

G = GOOD (CODES 7 - 9) F = FAIR (CODES 5 - 6) P = POOR (CODES 0 - 4)

59. TUNNEL 4

P

2. PORTALS

1. LINING

G

N3. CURBS AND SIDEWALKS

P4. DRAINS AND DRAINAGE

G5. WEARING SURFACE

G6. RIDEABILITY

N7. LIGHTING

P8. OTHER (REFLECTORS)

9. ADEQUACY OF OPENING SUFF

222. APPROACHES 7

N1. APPROACH SLABS

N2. RELIEF JOINTS

N3. APPROACH GUARDRAIL

G4. SURFACING

G5. EROSION

G6. SETTLEMENT

G7. SIGNS

G8. ALIGNMENT

N9. OTHER

223. RETAINING WALL N

1. WALL

2. WEEP HOLES

3. FOUNDATION

4. EROSION AND/OR SCOUR

5. SETTLEMENT OR DEFLECTION

6. OTHER

36. TRAFFIC AND SAFETY FEATURES

NA. BRIDGE RAILINGS

NB. TRANSITIONS

NC. APPROACH GUARDRAILS

ND. APPROACH GUARDRAIL ENDS

TRAFFIC SAFETY RATING CODES

0 - Does not meet standards or a safety feature is required and none is provided.

1 - Meets currently acceptable standards.

N - Not applicable or a safety feature is not required.

ITEM REFERENCE AND REMARKS

59.1,4 CONCRETE LINING AT EACH END WITH UNLINED SECTION IN

BETWEEN.

MODERATE SPALLING (36"H X 24"W X 1.5"D) WITH EXPOSED REBAR

ON EAST SIDE OF NORTH LINING NEAR PORTAL; HORIZONTAL

CRACKING AT SPRINGLINE, EFFLORESCENCE, AND WATER

LEAKAGE ALSO VISIBLE. MINOR CRACKING WITH EFFLORESCENCE

ON WEST SIDE OF NORTH LINING. MODERATE LEAKAGE AT WEST

SIDE BETWEEN NORTH LINING AND UNLINED SECTION.

METAL SCREENING AND ROCKBOLTING IN UNLINED SECTION WITH

MINOR RUSTING OF EXPOSED PORTIONS OF ROCKBOLTS; SCREEN

DAMAGED ALONG EAST SIDE APPROXIMATELY 405' FROM NORTH

PORTAL. AREAS OF POTENTIALLY LOOSE ROCK IN CROWN OF

UNLINED SECTION BEHIND SCREEN APPROXIMATELY 283' AND 302'

FROM NORTH PORTAL.

SPALLING WITH EXPOSED REBAR IN SOUTH LINING

- ON WEST SIDE, APPROXIMATELY 508' FROM NORTH PORTAL

SOUTH PORTAL (6.5 W X 5'H X 1'D), WITH VOIDS BEHIND CONCRETE

ON CROWN APPROXIMATELY 555' FROM NORTH PORTAL. MINOR

SPALLING WITH EXPOSED REBAR ON EAST SIDE OF SOUTH LINING

APPROXIMATELY 693' FROM NORTH PORTAL; ON WEST SIDE

APPROXIMATELY 805' FROM NORTH PORTAL; ON CROWN

APPROXIMATELY 555', 612', AND 753' FROM NORTH PORTAL. ONE

AREA OF LOOSE CONCRETE ON CROWN APPROXIMATELY 753'

FROM NORTH PORTAL. MODERATE SPALLING WITH

EFFLORESCENCE AND EXPOSED REBAR AND DRAIN CHASE ON

WEST SIDE APPROXIMATELY 540' FROM NORTH PORTAL. SEVERE

DELAMINATION, SPALLING, AND CRACKING WITH EFFLORESCENCE

ON EAST SIDE NEAR SOUTH PORTAL. SEVERE SPALLING (10'H X

2'W X 6"D) WITH EXPOSED REBAR ON EAST SIDE AT SOUTH PORTAL.

SIGNIFICANT LEAKAGE ALONG JUNCTION WITH RING STONES.

METAL SCREEN ATTACHED TO LINING IN SEVERAL AREAS OF

DETERIORATION.

IN GENERAL, MOST DEFECTS APPEAR HAVE WORSENED SLIGHTY

SINCE PREVIOUS INSPECTION.

EAST WALL LOOKING NORTH; NOTE WATER STAINING,

EFFLORESCENCE AND HORIZONTAL CRACKING

FIELD INSPECTION REPORT STRUCTURE NO. 5140-141P

ADDITIONAL ITEM REFERENCE AND REMARKS

59.2 MODERATE EFFLORESCENCE FROM MASONRY JOINTS AT BOTH PORTALS. MINOR LEAKAGE FROM BOTH PORTAL STONES. MINOR VEGETATION ON BOTH PORTALS. MEDIUM SIZE TREES GROWING ABOVE NORTH

PORTAL.

59.5, 222.4 TWO CORE LOCATIONS WITH PATCHES AT NORTHBOUND LANE BELOW SOUTH PORTAL AND TWO AT

SOUTHBOUND LANE OF SOUTH APPROACH.

59.8 SEVERAL REFLECTORS ARE DAMAGED OR MISSING; NUMEROUS REFLECTORS ARE MISALIGNED. REFLECTORS

AT PORTAL HAVE FADED.

222.7 13'-11" VERTICAL CLEARANCE SIGN AT NORTH APPROACH; NO SIGN PRESENT AT SOUTH APPROACH; ACTUAL CLEARANCE IS 14'-6". "TURN LIGHTS ON" AND "TANBARK RIDGE TUNNEL" SIGNS AT BOTH APPROACHES.

STRUCTURE INVENTORY AND APPRAISAL STRUCTURE NO. 5140-141P

STRUCTURE IDENTIFICATION

(201) PARK: BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY (1) STATE: ....................................... 374 - NORTH CAROLINA (NC)

(202) STRUCTURE NAME: .......... TANBARK RIDGE TUNNEL (2) STATE HWY. AGENCY DIST:

(203) STRUCTURE KIND: ............3 - TUNNEL (3) COUNTY CODE: ........................ 021 - BUNCOMBE

(204) STRUCTURE NUMBER: ..... 5140-141P (4) CITY/PLACE CODE:

(205) NPS REGION: .................... 4 - SOUTHEAST (5) INVENTORY ROUTE:

(206) ROUTE CODE NUMBER: ... 1 (6) FEATURES INTERSECTED:....... TANBARK RIDGE MOUNTAIN

(207) ROAD SECTION NO: .......... 141P (7) FACILITY CARRIED: .................. BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY

(208) NPS ROAD CLASS: ............ 1 - PRINCIPAL PARK ROAD (8) STATE STRUCTURE NO: .......... 5140141P0000000

(209) WITHIN NPS BNDRY?: ....... YES (9) LOCATION: ................................ 19.1 MILES TO NC ROUTE 12

(210) OPERATING UNIT: ............. GILLESPE (10) INV. RTE. - MIN. VERT. CLR: .. 14.25 FT (4.34 M)

(211) PROJECT NO(S): ................ 2P5,2P8,2M17 (11) MILE POINT: ............................. 374.24 (KM PT 602.26)

(212) DRAWING NUMBERS: ....... (27) YEAR BUILT:

(21) MAINTAINED BY: ................. 66 - NATIONAL PARK SERVICE (106) YEAR RECONSTRUCTED:

(22) OWNER: ............................... 66 - NATIONAL PARK SERVICE (20) TOLL: ........................................ 3 - FREE ROAD

(37) HISTORICAL DESIGNATION: .. 5 - NOT ELIGIBLE

STRUCTURE DESCRIPTION, FOUNDATION, AND DECK TYPE

(43A) MAIN STR. MATERIAL: ..

(43B) MAIN STR. TYPE:

(45) NO. OF MAIN SPANS:

(48) MAX. SPAN LENGTH:

(49) STRUCTURE LENGTH:

(216A) ABUTMENT #1 FDN:

(216B) ABUTMENT #2 FDN:

(217A) PREDOM. PIER FDN.: ..

(217B) SECOND. PIER FDN: ...

(107) DECK TYPE:

0 - OTHER

18 - TUNNEL

30.2 FT (9.2 M)

843.0 FT (256.9 M)

6 - N/A

6 - N/A

6 - N/A

6 - N/A

N - NOT APPLICABLE

(44A) APPR. STR. MATERIAL: ........ 0 - OTHER

(44B) APPR. STR. TYPE: ................ 00 - OTHER

(46) NO. OF APPROACH SPANS: .. 0

(108) WEAR SURFACE/PROTECT SYSTEM:

A) TYPE WEARING SURFACE: .. 2 - INTEGRAL CONCRETE

B) TYPE MEMBRANE: ................. 0 - NONE

C) TYPE PROTECTION: .............. 0 - NONE

(218) IS SALT USED?: ..................... NO

LOAD RATING AND POSTING

(31) DESIGN LOAD: ................. 0 - UNKNOWN (41) LOAD RESTRICTION: ......... R - POSTED (OTHER)

(66) INVENTORY RATING: ...... 0.0 TONS (0.0 METRIC TONS) (70) BRIDGE POSTING: .............. 5 - NO POSTING REQUIRED

(64) OPERATING RATING: ...... 0.0 TONS (0.0 METRIC TONS)

INSPECTION DATES

(90) INSPECTION DATE: 6/15 (91) FREQ. OF INSP: 24 MONTHS (92 / 93) CRITICAL FEATURE INSPECTION (CFI):

(219) ADD. STUDIES NEEDED: N - 0 - NONE (A) FRACTURE CRITICAL: ... NO

INSP. EVERY: MONTHS - LAST INSP. : (220) SPECIAL STUDY TYPE: 0 - NONE

(B) UNDERWATER: .............. NO

(221) SPECIAL STUDY DATE: INSP. EVERY: MONTHS - LAST INSP. :

(C) SPECIAL INSPECTION: .. NO

INSP. EVERY: MONTHS - LAST INSP. :

STRUCTURE INVENTORY AND APPRAISAL STRUCTURE NO. 5140-141P

GEOMETRY, TRAFFIC, AND NAVIGATIONAL DATA

(51) CURB TO CURB WIDTH: ........... 30.2 FT (9.2 M) (16) LATITUDE: ............................. 35°39'45.80"

(17) LONGITUDE: ......................... 82°27'39.30"

(19) DETOUR LENGTH: ............... 40 MI (64 KM)

(28A) LANES ON STRUCT:

(28B) LANES UNDER STRUCT: ... 02

(42A) SERVICE ON: ..................... 1 - HIGHWAY

(42B) SERVICE UNDER: .............. 1 - HIGHWAY

(29) AVG. DAILY TRAFFIC:

(30) YEAR OF ADT:

(114) FUTURE ADT:

(115) YEAR OF FUTURE ADT:

(101) PARALLEL STRUCTURE: ... N - NONE

(38) NAVIGATION CONTROL?: ... 0

(39) VERTICAL CLEARANCE: ...... 0.0 FT (0.0 M)

(40) HORIZ. CLEARANCE: ........... 0.0 FT (0.0 M)

(111) ABUT. OR PIER PROT:

LATERAL UNDERCLEARANCE:

(55) RIGHT: ....................... 0.0 FT (0.0 M)

(56) LEFT: ......................... 0.0 FT (0.0 M)

(52) DECK WIDTH:

(32) APPR. ROADWAY WIDTH:

(213) APPR. PAVEMENT WIDTH:

LEFT SHOULDER:

RIGHT SHOULDER:

(33) BRIDGE MEDIAN:

(34) SKEW ANGLE:

(35) DECK FLARE?:

(47) TOTAL HORIZ. CLEARANCE:

(50) SIDEWALKS:

LEFT :

RIGHT :

(214) BRIDGE RAIL TYPE:

RAIL CONFIGURATION:

MATERIAL:

DESIGN TYPE:

(215) BRIDGE RAIL HEIGHT:

(53) MIN. VRT. CLEAR. OVER DECK:

(54) MIN. VRT. UNDERCLEARANCE:

0.0 FT (0.0 M)

38.0 FT (11.6 M)

22.0 FT (6.7 M)

8.0 FT (2.4 M)

8.0 FT (2.4 M)

0 - NO MEDIAN

0 °

NO

21.6 FT (6.6 M)

0.0 FT (0.0 M)

0.0 FT (0.0 M)

0 - N/A

0 - N/A

0 - N/A

0.00 FT (0.00 M)

14.50 FT (4.42 M)

14.50 FT (4.42 M)

CONDITION AND APPRAISAL DATA, PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS, AND COST

(58) DECK: ................................. N

(59) SUPERSTRUCTURE: .........N

(60) SUBSTRUCTURE: ..............N

(61) CHANNEL: .......................... N

(62) CULVERT: ........................... N

(222) APPROACHES:

(223) RETAINING WALL: ........... N

(36) TRAFFIC SAFETY FEAT: ... NNNN

(75A) TYPE OF WORK:

(75B) WORK DONE BY:

(76) IMPROVEMENT LENGTH: ..

(67) STRUCTURAL EVALUATION:

(68) DECK GEOMETRY:

(69) UNDERCLEARANCES:

(71) WATERWAY ADEQUACY:

(72) APPROACH ALIGNMENT:

(113) SCOUR CRITICAL:

(225) PURPOSE OF IMPROVEMENT:

(226) PRIORITY OF IMPROVEMENT:

(227) MAINTENANCE COST:

(228) REHAB./RECONSTR. COST: ...

(229) CONSTRUCTION COST:

N

N

N

N - Not over waterway.

2 - REHAB/RECONSTRUCTION

B - MAJOR

$5,000

$625,000

$0

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

(230) STRUCTURE HISTORY:

1961-TUNNEL LININGS AND PORTALS; 1990-MAJOR RECONSTRUCTION/SUPERSTRUCTURE, ROCKBOLTS AND SCREENING.

(231) ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS:

(330) ADDITIONAL CONFIG. INFO.:

APPENDIX STRUCTURE NO. 5140-141P

PHOTOGRAPHS STRUCTURE NO. 5140-141P

PHOTO #1 - NORTH PORTAL

PHOTO #2 - SOUTH PORTAL

PHOTO #3 - GENERAL UNDERSIDE VIEW OF CONCRETE LINING AT

NORTH PORTAL

PHOTO #4 - GENERAL VIEW AT UNLINED SECTION LOOKING SOUTH;

NOTE MISALIGNMENT OF REFLECTORS ALONG EAST SIDE

PHOTO #5 - WATER LEAKAGE ON EAST SIDE

OF CONCRETE LINING AT NORTH END

PHOTO #6 - GENERAL VIEW OF EAST WALL

LOOKING NORTH; NOTE SPALLING OF

CONCRETE LINING, WATER STAINING,

EFFLORESCENCE AND HORIZONTAL

CRACKING

PHOTO #7 - SPALLING WITH EXPOSED REBAR

ON EAST SIDE OF NORTH LINING NEAR

NORTH PORTAL

PHOTO #8 - CRACKING WITH

EFFLORESCENCE ON EAST SIDE OF NORTH

CONCRETE LINING

PHOTO #9 - CRACKING WITH

EFFLORESCENCE ON WEST SIDE OF NORTH

LINING NEAR PORTAL

PHOTO #10 - LEAKAGE AT JUNCTION

BETWEEN NORTH CONCRETE LINING AND

UNLINED SECTION, WEST SIDE

PHOTO #11 - AREA OF POTENTIAL LOOSE ROCK AT CROWN,

APPROXIMATELY 283' FROM NORTH PORTAL

PHOTO #12 - AREA OF POTENTIAL LOOSE ROCK AT WEST SIDE OF

CROWN, APPROXIMATELY 302' FROM NORTH PORTAL, WEST SIDE OF

CROWN SHOWN, EAST SIDE SIMILAR

PHOTO #13 - DAMAGE TO SCREEN ALONG

EAST SIDE OF UNLINED SECTION

APPROXIMATELY 405' FROM NORTH PORTAL

PHOTO #14 - VOID WITH EXPOSED REBAR AT

WEST SIDE OF SOUTH LINING

APPROXIMATELY 508' FROM NORTH PORTAL

PHOTO #15 - SPALLING WITH EXPOSED

REBAR AT WEST SIDE OF SOUTH LINING

APPROXIMATELY 540' FROM NORTH PORTAL,

DRAIN CHASE AREA; NOTE EFFLORESCENCE

PHOTO #16 - SPALLING WITH EXPOSED

REBAR ON EAST SIDE OF CROWN

APPROXIMATELY 555' FROM NORTH PORTAL

PHOTO #17 - SPALLING WITH EXPOSED REBAR ON EAST WALL

APPROXIMATELY 590' FROM NORTH PORTAL

PHOTO #18 - GENERAL VIEW OF SPALLING WITH EXPOSED REBAR AT

EAST SIDE APPROXIMATELY 610' - 650' FROM NORTH PORTAL;

CONDITION IS SIMILAR ON WEST WALL

PHOTO #19 - SPALLING WITH EXPOSED REBAR ON CROWN

APPROXIMATELY 620' FROM NORTH PORTAL

PHOTO #20 - SPALLING WITH EXPOSED REBAR ON WEST WALL

APPROXIMATELY 693' FROM NORTH PORTAL; CONDITION IS SIMILAR

ON EAST SIDE

PHOTO #21 - SPALLING WITH EXPOSED REBAR NEAR CROWN ON EAST

WALL APPROXIMATELY 783' FROM NORTH PORTAL

PHOTO #22 - SPALLING WITH EXPOSED REBAR ON EAST SIDE OF

SOUTH LINING APPROXIMATELY 783' FROM NORTH PORTAL

PHOTO #23 - SPALLING WITH EXPOSED REBAR ON WEST SIDE OF

SOUTH LINING APPROXIMATELY 805' FROM NORTH PORTAL

PHOTO #24 - SPALLING AND VOID WITH EXPOSED REBAR ON WEST

SIDE OF SOUTH LINING NEAR SOUTH PORTAL

PHOTO #25 - CLOSE UP OF VOID WITH

EXPOSED REBAR ON WEST SIDE OF SOUTH

LINING NEAR SOUTH PORTAL; NOTE

DELAMINATION ON UPPER RIGHT CORNER

PHOTO #26 - WATER LEAKAGE ALONG RING

STONES AT SOUTH OF VOID WITH EXPOSED

REBAR ON WEST SIDE OF SOUTH LINING

PHOTO #27 - EFFLORESCENCE AND WATER LEAKAGE ON WEST SIDE

OF SOUTH PORTAL; NOTE ALSO MISSING REFLECTORS ALONG

CENTER LINE

PHOTO #28 - CRACKING WITH EFFLORESCENCE ON EAST SIDE OF

SOUTH LINING NEAR UNLINED SECTION

PHOTO #29 - DELAMINATION AND SPALLING

ON EAST SIDE OF SOUTH LINING NEAR SOUTH

PORTAL

PHOTO #30 - SPALLING WITH EXPOSED

REBAR ON EAST SIDE OF SOUTH LINING NEAR

SOUTH PORTAL

PHOTO #31 - SPALLING WITH EXPOSED

REBAR ON EAST SIDE OF SOUTH LINING NEAR

SOUTH PORTAL; NOTE WATER LEAKAGE AT

RING STONES

PHOTO #32 - EFFLORESCENCE AND WATER

LEAKAGE ON RING STONES AT EAST SIDE OF

PHOTO #33 - TYPICAL FADED REFLECTOR AT

NORTH PORTAL, WEST SIDE SHOWN

PHOTO #34 - VEGETATION GROWTH ABOVE