Attachment 14 - Security Narrative.pdf

SPS RELOCATION AND RENOVATION DESIGN 100% CDS NARRATIVE

PROJECT NO. 689-408 16 JUNE 2023

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7.0 STRUCTURAL AND SECURITY

7.1 EXISTING CONDITIONS

A. Building 1 was constructed in the early 1950s. It is a reinforced, cast-in-place, concrete structure with a ribbed slab floor placed integrally with concrete girder beams. According to the original structural drawings all concrete foundation walls, pedestals and pilasters bear directly on ledge.

7.2 SCOPE

A. Subgrade Level and Foundation- The subgrade level will consist of reinforced concrete retaining walls supported by strip footings. They will be designed to retain the backfill soils before the ground floor level is constructed (cantilevered) and the bearing shall be directly on bedrock or compacted structural fill as directed by the geotechnical engineer. Elevator pits will be placed below the strip footings at the lowest level. Elevator walls will be cast-in-place concrete from the sub-grade level up to the ground floor level where the construction will change to load bearing reinforced CMU. The eastern side of the existing cardiology wing abuts an existing retaining wall, which is to be removed due to the unknown structural integrity of the wall, difficulties building up the existing retaining wall without over stressing the wall, and several architectural reasons including grade change and insulation needs. The existing construction of the retaining wall is unknown as there are no available existing drawings.

The previous (65%) Structural design included keeping the existing retaining and building around it. To avoid adding lateral loads and compromising the structural integrity of the existing retaining wall, a 10” structural slab (shown on SB101) spanning between grade beams will be placed at the proposed grade level. The grade beams will be supported on footings located away from the existing wall so as not to impart any lateral load on the existing wall. Concrete spandrel beams adjacent to and parallel to the existing retaining will be designed to support the exterior façade shown on the architectural drawings. this foundation design was ‘scrapped’ for reasons described in the last paragraph.

B. At Grade Level- The at-grade level has 2 structural systems – a concrete slab-on-grade, and an elevated composite slab supported by wide flange beams. The composite floor framing will pocket into the reinforced concrete and masonry walls. The north east corner of the addition has a conflict with an existing duct bank buried approximately 2’-3’ below grade. In order to avoid unwanted gravity loads on the duct bank, a modified concrete beam/wall has been designed to pick up the corner building column and disperse the load to either side of the duct bank.

C. Lower Roof and Mechanical Penthouse- The lower roof is comprised of wide flange beams and 5” slab on deck designed to support the dead load of the roof system, snow load and snow drift from the existing main building and the penthouse roof. The 5” concrete slab will provide the necessary fire protection required against the adjacent

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structure of the hospital. The mechanical penthouse floor is a 5” composite slab as well supported by wide flange beams. A braced frame system will be used to resist all lateral forces from wind, seismic and blast analysis. See ‘Blast Resistance’ narrative in this section of the narrative for more information. A building expansion joint will separate the existing structure from the new structure.

D. Mechanical Penthouse Roof- The mechanical penthouse roof is comprised of wide flange beams and 5” concrete slab on deck designed to support the dead load of the roof system and flat roof snow load. There is no snow drift on the penthouse roof. The lateral system will consist of braced frames to resist forces from wind, seismic and blast.

See ‘Blast Resistance’ narrative in this section of the narrative for more information.

7.3 GOVERNING BUILDING CODES

• Structural Design Manual for Hospital Projects Department of Veterans Affairs

• 2021 Edition of the International Building Code (IBC 2021)

• Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures, ASCE 7-16

• Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete, ACI 318-14

• Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, AISC 360-05

• SDI Steel Deck Institute

7.4 SECURITY

These comments are based on requirements from the 2020 VA Physical Security and Resiliency Design Manual, revision 2.

CHAPTER 3 – SITE CONSIDERATIONS

Scope

Per PSRDM table 1-2, this project will be classified as a Mission Critical (MC) project.

CPTED

1. Natural Surveillance

Design the location of physical features, activities, and lighting to preclude hiding spots and maximize visibility of the space and its users.

2. Natural Access Control

Utilize the strategic placement of entrances, exits, fencing, and landscaping to create a perception of risk in potential offenders.

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3. Natural Territorial Reinforcement

Clearly delineate private space to create a sense of ownership where strangers or intruders stand out and are more easily identified.

4. Target Hardening

Use features that prohibit entry or access, such as perimeter boulders or large rocks, streetscape furniture, art ornamentals, and other perimeter barrier or screening devices.

Standoff Distance

These minimum standoff distances are to be provided to the edge of the curb line demarcating the internal roadways and parking within a VA campus. For facilities not located within a campus with internal roadways or parking, the minimum standoff distance is to be provided to the site perimeter fence.

MC: Unscreened vehicles = 50’ Screened vehicles = 5’

Perimeter Barrier

Perimeter barriers are not relevant to this project.

Vehicle and Pedestrian Screening

Screening at the perimeter is not relevant to this project.

Anti-ram Rated Vehicle Barriers

1. Active barriers will not be required for this project.

2. Stationary (passive) barriers may be required at either an entrance door or at any electrical gear located in areas subject to ramming.

Parking

This project does not add or modify parking.

Site Lighting

Lighting will be governed by VA Lighting Manual.

Landscaping

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This project is not expected to have significant landscaping changes, but there should be no plantings near the building that could provide a hinderance to natural surveillance of the building exterior.

Chapter 4 - Building Entrances and Exits

Public Entrances and Lobbies

This project will not include a public entrance or lobby, but will have a reception/waiting area. The requirements for public entrances and lobbies do not apply to this project.

Patient Drop-offs

This project will not have a patient drop-off.

Building Exits and Life-Safety

1. Site requirements

Means of egress paths must be unobstructed, accessible, and lead to a proper safe location.

2. Planning, Construction Details, and Materials

See chapter 6 for building façade requirements.

3. Security monitoring

Electronic security, PACS, IDS, and door hardware will be depicted in the TY set of drawings and will be in accordance with PSRDM appendices A1, A2, A3, and B.

Chapter 5 - Functional Areas

High Risk Areas

High Risk areas are defined as “A location where a threat/hazard may occur or be introduced.” Many of the listed functional areas prohibit location near “high risk” areas.

High risk areas include, but are not limited to, public entrances, mailrooms, loading docks, and emergency department.

Functional Areas

This project does not add or modify any areas that are covered by PSRDM Chapter 5.

However, PSRDM paragraphs 5.10 and 5.11 stipulate that central sterile processing and distribution are not to be located closer than 50 feet from loading docks and mailrooms.

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The standoff to mailroom is provided. The standoff to the loading dock is provided, as measured to the loading dock door.

Chapter 6 - Building Envelope

Non-Load Bearing Exterior Walls

Design to mitigate blast loads has been completed.

Design Level Threat: W1 at 50’, but not greater than GP2. Effects of rebound were considered.

The anchorage and connection of walls into the supporting structure are designed to transfer the calculated blast loads. Flexural elements and their connections are designed and detailed such that no brittle failure mode limits the capacity of the section.

Acceptable performance is defined by the blast load deformation limits in Table 6-2, per Blast Protection of Buildings, ASCE/SEI 59-11, or latest edition.

Blast Load Deformation Limits: - Moderate Damage Balanced Load Deformation Limits – Heavy Damage

1. Tributary Loads from Fenestration

Walls have been designed to accept a blast load equal to the maximum capacity of the weakest lite of supported glass (balanced design), but no less than the calculated blast loads (as limited by the GP values) while sustaining deformations no greater than the specified deformation limits.

2. Supporting Structure

Non-load bearing exterior walls span from slab to slab and are attached directly to gravity load bearing elements (such as columns and shear walls).

3. Existing Facilities

N/A

Fenestration and Doors

1. Façade Fenestration

Glass Performance level under chapter 6 loads: Glass may crack, but must remain in the frame (GSA condition 2).

All exterior glazing will be laminated annealed glass. For insulated units, the interior lite must be laminated.

Glass performance is to be evaluated using a failure probability of 500 breaks per 1000.

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Glass must be restrained within the mullions/frames with a minimum 1/2” bite and a minimum 3/8” wide continuous bead of structural silicone adhesive attaching the inner lite of glass to the frame.

Mullions/frames must be aluminum or steel construction. The mullions/frames must be designed to accept a calculated blast load equal to the peak pressures and impulses applied over their tributary area calculated blast loading for the wall. The mullions/frames must also be designed to accept a blast load equal to strength of the weakest lite of supported glass (balanced load). The mullions/frames must sustain deformations no greater than the following.

Blast Load Deformation Limits – L/40 (end rotation = 3) Balanced Load Deformation Limits – L/20 (end rotation = 6 degrees)

Flexural elements and their connections must be designed and detailed such that no brittle failure mode limits the capacity of the section.

2. Existing facility fenestration

N/A

3. Doors

The operable portions of exterior swing doors will be laminated glass or heavy gauge metal (14-gauge minimum). Swinging doors will open towards the detonation. The stationary portions of all exterior swing doors will be specified to use heavy duty frames and anchorages that are capable of resisting the blast load specified for the walls. The frames must sustain deformations no greater than the following.

Blast Load Deformation Limits – L/40 (end rotation = 3) Balanced Load Deformation Limits – L/20 (end rotation = 6 degrees)

4. Existing Facilities

N/A

Atria

1. Atria

N/A

2. Existing facility atria

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Roofs

1. Roof structure

Secondary roof structure has been proved thru calculations to meet the loading and deformation requirements as defined for non-load bearing walls.

2. Skylights

Critical Equipment Protection

1. Penthouses and Screen Walls

All roof-top mechanical equipment is enclosed in a blast-resistant penthouse. The blast loading and performance requirements are as defined for non-load bearing walls.

2. Intakes and exhausts Servicing Critical Equipment

Air intakes or exhaust deny a direct line of sight from the design level threat.

3. Existing Facilities

N/A

Calculation Methods

Chapter 7 - Structural System

Scope

Refer to the Physical Security and Resilience Design Standard Data Definitions for applicable charge weights, available from VA CFM.

Criteria Life-Safety Protected Mission Critical

Exterior Design Level Threat

W1 W2

Standoff Distance 25’ 50’

Interior Design Level Threat

W0 W1

Standoff Distance for interior Elements

12” above slab at center of each bay

12” above slab at center of each bay

Standoff Distance for Columns and Load-

12” 12”

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bearing Walls

Blast Resistance

1. Priority for Protection

Refer to Tables 3-2 and 3-3 in ASCE 59-11 for ductility ratio and end rotation limits for superficial, moderate, and heavy damage.

Blast Response Limit Criteria

Life-Safety Protected Mission Critical

Primary Structure Moderate Damage Superficial Damage

Secondary Structure Heavy Damage Moderate Damage

Non-structural elements critical for life-safety and over-head suspended equipment weighing more than 31 pounds will be specified to resist the building base shear calculated for blast loading, in addition to environmental loads. For this project, that load is equal 0.5 times the unit weight. This does not apply to distributed systems, such as ducts, piping, conduit, etc.

2. Vertical Structural Element Protection

Columns and load-bearing walls are primary structure and have been shown to resist flexural and shear from blast loads.

3. Wall Protection

Non-load bearing interior walls separating high risk interior spaces (loading docks, mailrooms, and main public lobbies) must be designed to resist the calculated blast loads for the required threat level (LSP or MC). This is not applicable to this project.

4. Screen Walls and Penthouse Structure

Screen walls and penthouse walls enclosing critical equipment meet the requirements for secondary structure under the specified exterior threat level blast loads.

5. Detailing of Hardened Elements

Design and detailing must prohibit non-ductile failure modes in response to blast loading.

6. Existing Facility – Blast Protection

Design for Global Stability

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1. Base Shear

Building base shear due to blast load was determined to be and evaluated as follows:

I = the blast induced impulse on the facing wall 𝑇 = the fundamental period of the building μ = the design ductility

2. With revision 2 to PSRDM 2020, two additional blast load cases were evaluated.

a. Load Case 1, façade blast load: The total impulse collected on the façade and transferred to the building’s lateral system must be based on the greater of the GP blast load or the balanced design load (see Chapter 6).

b. Load Case 2, structure blast load: The total impulse transferred to the building’s lateral system must include the blast load calculated based on W at standoff distance, applied to the perimeter primary structural components that are part of the building enclosure.

The structure has been shown, via calculations, to meet the requirements for Global Stability – Base Shear and the two additional load cases.

Prevention of Progressive Collapse

Buildings that are 3 stories or taller (not including penthouses) must be designed to mitigate against progressive collapse per UFC 4-023-03. The current project designs and constructs a two-story structure – one story subgrade and one story at grade.

Design to mitigate against progressive collapse will not be required.

Anti-ram Resistance

1. Vehicle barriers

Active and passive vehicle barriers must be qualified by testing (ASTM F2656) or finite-element calculations. Barrier must stop a 4,000-pound vehicle traveling at 30 miles per hour, with no more than 3.3 feet of penetration.

Chapter 8 - Utility and Building Services

Utility Entrances

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1. Mechanical

• Provide means for rapid connection of alternate sources for boilers, chillers, and cooling towers.

• Provide two full-demand water service connections.

• Utility-owned service equipment must be protected.

o Locate above 100-year flood plain.

o Located above ground.

o Protect against extreme weather and floods.

o Locate equipment in a building envelope or behind blast-mitigating screen wall.

o Locate 50’ from high-risk areas.

2. Electrical

Two electrical utility services from two separate substations are required. Entrances must be separated, underground, and separated by at least 50’.

• Utility-owned service equipment must be protected.

o Locate above 100-year flood plain.

o Located above ground.

o Protect against extreme weather and floods.

o Locate equipment in a building envelope or behind blast-mitigating screen wall.

o Locate 50’ from high-risk areas.

3. Telecommunications

Two services from each service provider are required, preferably from different sites.

Entrances must be separated, underground, distant from high-risk areas, and separated by at least 66’.

Site Distribution

1. Mechanical

Steam, chilled water, water, and fuel systems direct-buried underground or above ground in a structure and not exposed. Systems must be looped or grid distribution permit continued service in the event of a single-point interruption.

2. Electrical

Feeders from separate sources must be separated by at least 50’, installed in concrete duct banks, and enter buildings at different locations. Feeders must not be located with 50’ of a high-risk area.

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Pad-mounted equipment is not permitted, unless protected against protected against threats. Medium and low-voltage gear must be above 100-year flood plain, not within a storm-surge zone, and protected from severe weather.

Manhole and handhole covers must be lockable.

3. Telecommunications

Refer to the VA Telecommunications Design Manual.

Pathways from separate sources must be separated by at least 50’, not be exposed outside of any structure, and enter buildings at different locations. Pathways must not be located with 50’ of a high-risk area.

Manhole and handhole covers must be lockable.

Energy Center

Not applicable to this project.

Water and Fuel Storage

Not applicable to this project.

Protection of Equipment

All water and fuel storage, water/fuel pumping, metering, and regulating equipment must be protected with blast-resistant screen walls or barriers that comply with section 6.2 Non-Load Bearing Exterior Walls and section 7.2.4 Screen Walls and Penthouse Structure. At-grade storage or supporting equipment must comply with section 3.3 Standoff Requirements and section 3.6 Anti-Ram Rated Vehicular Barriers.

Chapter 9 - Building Systems

HVAC Systems

1. Requirements

Locate all equipment above grade and in an area not subject to flooding. Emergency connections for utilities and services are located elsewhere in the facility.

2. Intakes and Exhausts

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Air intakes must be located away from publicly accessible areas and must be 30-feet above grade and/or distant from roof line. Do not place openings over critical areas.

Electrical Systems

1. Standby Electrical System

This project may include a generator providing EES power. Generators located outside are to be protected by fencing and against blast and ramming attacks.

2. Uninterruptible Power Supply

This is not applicable to this project.

Telecommunications

This project will not include a telecommunications room.

Plumbing Systems

1. Medical Gases, Vacuum, and Oxygen Systems

All utilities will be from tie-ins to existing building systems.

2. Water Systems, Equipment, Fixtures

Not applicable.

Fire Protection Systems

Fire protection systems shall be in accordance with the VA Fire Protection Manual.

Chapter 10 - Security Systems

Scope

An electronic security system (ESS) is required for all categories of protection.

Requirements are derived from VA Handbook 730 and the PSRDM appendices. Refer to TY drawings for this project.

Coordination with Other Systems

ESS must be coordinated with other safety systems and telecommunications systems.

Systems will be networked and compliant with Homeland Security Presidential Directive

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12 (HSPD-12), Presidential Policy Directive 21 (PPD-21), and Federal Information Processing Standards 201 (FIPS-201).

Electronic Security Systems

Refer to PSRDM appendices A, B, and C and to VHA 730 appendix B. Systems are to be fully commissioned. These requirements are reflected in TY drawings for this project.

Physical Access Control System (PACS)

Refer to PSRDM appendices A and B and to VHA 730. These requirements are reflected in TY drawings for this project.

Intrusion Detection System (IDS)

Refer to PSRDM appendices A and B and to VHA 730. Interior sensors will include motion detection, door monitoring, and glass break detectors. There will be no exterior sensors. These requirements are reflected in TY drawings for this project.

Security Surveillance Television (SSTV)

Refer to PSRDM appendix B and to VHA 730 for camera locations and field of interest.

These requirements are reflected in TY drawings for this project.

Features shall include:

• Cameras must be color and auto-day/night feature.

• Cameras must be rated for continuous operation.

• Cameras must have built-in video motion detection.

• Both interior and exterior cameras must be housed within a tamper-proof camera enclosure.

• Exterior camera enclosures must be rated to protect against weather elements.

• Camera location must be coordinated to prevent obstruction of view from equipment, buildings, trees, etc.

• Recording equipment may be DVR or NVR. Recording equipment must be able to generate CD for exporting specific recorded data.

Duress, Security Phones, and Intercom System (DSPI)

No separate duress systems are required or included in this project.

Public Address and Mass Notification System

The facility is to have a public address system per chapter 7 of the VA Telecommunications Design Manual (TDM). A mass notification system is not mandatory.

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Security Control Center, Integrated Operations Center, Emergency Operations Center

Not required for this project.

Patient or Staff Annunciator/Locator (PAL)

Not required for this project.

Behavioral Health Area (Psychiatric or Mental Health Area)

Not required for this project.

Narcotics Storage Alerting and Signaling System

Not required for this project.

Detection and Screening Systems

Not required for this project.

PSRDM Appendix A – Security Door Openings

Doors shall be hollow metal or solid core hardwood. Frames shall be hollow metal.

SDO 104

Hardware Devices:

• Closer

• Continuous Hinge or Pivots

• Door Contact

• Exit Device

• Flush Bolts

• Hold-open Alarm

• Electromechanical Mortise Lock Operation at All Times:

• Operation of exit device from inside retracts bolt and sounds local alarm and central monitoring station

• No operation from exterior

SDO 116

Hardware Devices:

• Closer

• Continuous Hinge

• Door Contact

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• Flush Bolts

• Electromechanical Mortise Lock Operation at All Times:

• Outside lever always free

• Key retracts latchbolt from interior

• Outside lever retracts latchbolt at all times

• Door monitor alarmed at central monitoring station

SDO 205

Hardware Devices:

• Card Reader

• Closer

• Continuous Hinge

• Door Contact

• Electromechanical Mortise Lock Operation at All Times:

• Outside and inside levers always rigid

• Card reader releases electric strike

• Door monitor alarmed to central monitoring station

SDO 227

Hardware Devices

• Card Reader

• Closer

• Continuous Hinge

• Door Contact

• Exit Device

• Flush Bolts

• Electromechanical Mortise Lock Operation At All Times

• Outside lever always rigid

• Card reader or remote switch releases electric strike

• Inside lever retracts latchbolt at all times

SDO 228

Hardware Devices:

• Card Reader

• Closer

• Continuous Hinge

• Door Contact

• Flush Bolts

• Electromechanical Mortise Lock Operation at All Times:

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• Outside lever always rigid

• Card reader releases electric strike or combination lock retracts latchbolt

• Inside lever retracts latchbolt at all times